, A partir des codes I21, I22 et I23, l'étude comparant les données du PMSI et celles de trois registres des cardiopathies ischémiques à un niveau individuel, concluait à une sous-estimation des cas d'infarctus du myocarde de 3,1% pour les hommes et de 4% pour les femmes. L'exhaustivité du PMSI, depuis, 2003.

, Dans l'étude présentée, l'algorithme utilisé pour la sélection des patients présentant un l'accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) se base sur une étude réalisée par les Pr. C Quantin et M

. Giroud, , vol.159

, Elle a évalué la qualité métrologique du PMSI dans 31 centres hospitaliers, pour les années 2009-2010. Trois algorithmes et chacun des diagnostics les composant ont été évalués en diagnostic principal : I60 (hémorragie sous-arachnoïdienne), I61 (hémorragie intracérébrale), vol.62, p.63

, I64 (AVC non précisé), G45 (accident ischémique transitoire et syndromes apparentés), G46 (syndromes vasculaires cérébraux au cours de maladies cérébrovasculaires, p.81

. La, accident vasculaire cérébral était de 89,5%, celle de l'hémorragie intracrânienne de 89,4%, celle de l'infarctus cérébral de 96,3%. L'algorithme regroupant l'ensemble des codes diagnostic pour le résumé du séjour global présentait une VPP de 90%, vol.88, pp.5-91

L. Diabète, qualité des soins et prévention

, La prévention primaire du diabète s'appuie sur des actions visant les facteurs de risque modifiables liés à l'urbanisation et au mode de vie moderne comme la sédentarité, la consommation de boissons sucrées, d'aliments industriels transformés, prêts à l'emploi. Des progrès restent à faire alors que les indicateurs de l'activité physique, la sedentarité et l'obésite n'atteignent pas les objectifs prévus. Le discours commun relaie alors le besoin de « changer ses habitudes alimentaires, Or

, Rapport Mondial Sur le Diabète. Genève: Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, 2016.

. Invs, Dossier thématique « Etude ENTRED, 2007.

A. Fagot-campagna, I. Romon, S. Fosse, and C. Roudier, Prévalence et incidence du diabète, et mortalité liée au diabète en France -Synthèse épidémiologique. Institut de veille sanitaire, 2010.

, Collège National des Gynécologues et Obstétriciens Français, Société francophone du diabète

, J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris), issue.8, pp.338-342, 2010.

G. Danaei, M. M. Finucane, Y. Lu, G. M. Singh, M. J. Cowan et al., National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants, Lancet, vol.378, issue.9785, pp.31-40, 2011.

J. E. Shaw, R. A. Sicree, and P. Z. Zimmet, Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, vol.87, pp.4-14, 2009.

D. R. Whiting, L. Guariguata, C. Weil, and J. Shaw, IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, vol.94, pp.311-332, 2011.

. Ncd-risc, Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4*4 million participants, Lancet, vol.387, pp.1513-1543, 2016.

L. Mandereau-bruno and S. Fosse-edorh, Prévalence du diabète traité pharmacologiquement (tous types) en France en 2015. Disparités territoriales et socio-économiques, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, pp.586-91, 2017.

K. Inserm, . Healt, . Roche, and . Obepi, Enquête épidémiologique nationale sur le surpoids et l'obésité ObEpi, 2012.

L. Mandereau-bruno, P. Denis, A. Fagot-campagna, and S. Fosse, Prévalence du diabète traité pharmacologiquement et disparités territoriales en France en 2012, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, pp.30-31, 2014.

C. Bonaldi, M. Vernay, C. Roudier, B. Salanave, A. Oleka et al., A first national prevalence estimate of diagnosed and undiagnosed in France in 18-to 74-year-old individuals: the French Nutrition and Health Survey, Diabet Med, vol.28, pp.583-89, 2006.

E. Gakidou, L. Mallinger, J. Abbott-klafter, R. Guerrero, S. Villalpando et al., Management of diabetes and associated cardiovascular risk factors in seven countries: a comparison of data from national health examination surveys, Bull World Health Organ, vol.89, issue.3, pp.172-83, 2011.

J. Beagley, C. Weil, and A. A. Motala, Global estimates of undiagnosed diabetes in adults, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, vol.103, issue.2, pp.150-60, 2014.

, Plan d'action pour la mise en oeuvre de la Stratégie européenne contre les maladies non transmissibles (prévention et lutte), 2011.

S. Fosse, I. Romon, C. Druet, and A. Fagot-campagna, Échantillon national témoin représentatif des personnes diabétiques, 2007.

I. M. Stratton, A. I. Adler, H. A. Neil, D. R. Matthews, S. E. Manley et al., Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study, BMJ, vol.321, issue.7258, pp.405-417, 2000.

C. S. Fox, S. Coady, P. D. Sorlie, D. Rb-sr, M. J. Pencina et al., Increasing cardiovascular disease burden due to diabetes mellitus: the Framingham Heart Study, Circulation, vol.115, pp.1544-50, 2007.

A. Grimaldi and A. Heurtier, Epidémiologie des complications cardio-vasculaires du diabète, Diabetes Metab, vol.25, issue.3, pp.12-20, 1999.

A. De and L. Biomédecine, REIN Rapport annuel 2011. Réseau, épidémiologie, information, néphrologie. Registre français des traitements de suppléance de l'insuffisance rénale chronique, 2011.

J. Bringer and . Éditorial, Complications sévères du diabète et suivi des examens recommandés en France : progrès, insuffisances et disparités, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, p.618, 2015.

S. Fosse, A. Harteman-heurtier, S. Jacqueminet, M. C. Mouquet, P. Oberlin et al., Évolution du taux d'incidence des amputations de membre inférieur chez les personnes diabétiques, et devenir à 3 ans des personnes diabétiques amputées, selon les données du PMSI, Diabetes Metab, vol.10, issue.1, p.26, 2010.

S. Fosse-edort, L. Mandereau-bruno, and A. Harteman-heurtier, Les hospitalisations pour complications podologiques chez les personnes Diabétiques traitées pharmacologiquement en France en, BEH, pp.34-35638, 2013.

N. Sarwar, P. Gao, S. R. Seshasai, R. Gobin, and S. Kaptoge, Diabetes mellitus, fasting bllod glucose concentration, ans risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies, Lancet, vol.237, issue.9733, pp.2215-2237, 2010.

, Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks, 2009.

A. Morel, G. Lecoq, and . Jourdain-menninger, Evaluation de la prise en charge du diabète Tome 2 Annexes, 2012.

I. Bourdel-marchasson, A. Tulon, M. L. Erpelding, P. Lecomte, and P. Vexiau, La qualité de vie des diabétiques de type 2 vivant en France métropolitaine : de multiples facteurs associés, BEH, issue.2, pp.15-24, 2007.

M. Schunk, P. Reitmeir, P. Schipf, S. Vö-lzke, H. Meisinger et al., Education and Psychological Aspects Health-related quality of life in subjects with and without Type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of five population-based surveys in Germany. Diabetic medicine, vol.29, pp.646-653, 2011.

C. M. Smith-spangler, J. Bhattacharya, and J. D. Goldhaber-fiebert, Diabetes, its treatment, and catastrophic medical spending in 35 developing countries, Diabetes Care, vol.35, issue.2, pp.319-326, 2012.

T. Seuring, O. Archangelidi, and M. Suhrcke, The economic costs of type 2 diabetes: A global systematic review, PharmacoEconomics, vol.33, issue.8, pp.811-842, 2015.

D. E. Bloom, E. T. Cafiero, E. Jané-llopis, S. Abrahams-gessel, L. R. Bloom et al., The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases (Working Paper Series). Geneva: Harvard School of Public Health and World Economic Forum, 2011.

, Première conférence internationale sur la promotion de la santé, pp.17-21, 1986.

, Organisation mondiale de la santé, 2004.

C. Y. Jeon, R. P. Lokken, F. B. Hu, and R. M. Van-dam, Physical activity of moderate intensity and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review, Diabetes Care, vol.30, issue.3, pp.744-52, 2007.

. Ministère, Programme national Nutrition Santé, 2011.

F. Santé-publique, Étude de santé sur l'environnement, la biosurveillance, l'activité physique et la nutrition (ESTEBAN 2014-2016). Volet nutrition. Chapitre activité physique et sédentarité. Université Paris 13, 2017.

H. Autorité-de-santé, Actualisation du référentiel de pratiques de l'examen périodique de santé-Prévention et dépistage du diabète de type 2 et des maladies liées au diabète. Octobre, 2014.

I. Hirtzlin, A. Fagot-campagna, G. Gallo, I. Vallier, N. Poutignat et al., Dépistage du diabète : les données de l'Échantillon permanent des assurés sociaux, Rev Epidémiol Santé Publ, vol.52, pp.119-145, 2000.

. Billionnet-c, D. Mitanchez, A. Weill, J. Nizard, A. F. Hartemann et al., Gestational diabetes and adverse perinatal outcomes from 716,152 births in France in 2012, Diabetologia, vol.60, issue.4, pp.636-680, 2017.

D. S. Feig, J. Hwee, B. R. Shah, G. L. Booth, A. S. Bierman et al., Trends in incidence of diabetes in pregnancy and serious outcomes: a large, population-based study in Ontario, Diabetes Care, vol.37, issue.6, pp.1590-1596, 1996.

C. Kim, K. M. Newton, and R. H. Knopp, Gestational diabetes and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review, Diabet Care, vol.25, issue.10, pp.1862-1868, 2002.

L. Bellamy, J. P. Casas, A. D. Hingorani, and D. Williams, Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Lancet, vol.373, issue.9677, pp.1773-1782, 2009.

E. Noctor, C. Crowe, and L. A. Carmody, ATLANTIC-DIP: prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus by International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups criteria, Acta Diabetol, vol.52, issue.1, pp.153-160, 2015.

, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines NetworK. Healthcare Improvement Scotland. Management of diabetes. Quick Reference GuideMarch, 2010.

, Disponible à

P. Damm, P. Ovesen, and L. L. Andersen, Clinical guidelines for gestational diabetes mellitus

D. Simmons, A. Mcelduff, H. D. Mcintyre, and M. Elrishi, Gestational diabetes mellitus: NICE for the US ? A comparison of the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines with the U.K. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines, Diabetes Care, vol.33, issue.1, pp.34-37, 2010.

A. De-micheli, Italian standards for diabetes mellitus 2007: executive summary : diabete Italia, AMD associazione medici diabetologi, SID Societa` Italiana di Diabetologia, Acta Diabetol, vol.45, issue.2, pp.107-127, 2008.

M. P. Carson, M. I. Frank, and K. E. , Original research : postpartum testing rates among women with a history of gestational diabetes-systematic review, Prim Care Diabetes, vol.7, issue.3, pp.177-186, 2013.

K. K. Nielsen, A. Kapur, P. Damm, M. De-courten, and I. C. Bygbjerg, From screening to postpartum follow-up-the determinants and barriers for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) services, a systematic review, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol.14, p.41, 2014.

C. Kim, B. P. Tabaei, and R. Burke, Missed opportunities for type 2 diabetes mellitus screening among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus, Am J Public Health, vol.96, issue.9, pp.1643-1648, 2006.

B. R. Shah, L. L. Lipscombe, D. S. Feig, and J. M. Lowe, Missed opportunities for type 2 diabetes testing following gestational diabetes: a population-based cohort study, BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol, vol.118, issue.12, pp.1484-1490, 2011.

C. Chamberlain, A. Mclean, and J. Oats, Low rates of postpartum glucose screening among indigenous and nonindigenous women in Australia with gestational diabetes, Matern Child Health J, vol.19, issue.3, pp.651-663, 2015.

K. J. Hunt and D. L. Conway, Who returns for postpartum glucose screening following gestational diabetes mellitus?, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.198, issue.4, pp.404-405, 2008.

C. R. Olesen, J. H. Nielsen, and R. N. Mortensen, Associations between follow-up screening after gestational diabetes and early detection of diabetes-a register based study, BMC Public Health, vol.14, p.841, 2014.

A. J. Blatt, J. M. Nakamoto, and H. W. Kaufman, Gaps in diabetes screening during pregnancy and postpartum, Obstet Gynecol, vol.117, issue.1, pp.61-68, 2011.

H. D. Clark, C. Van-walraven, C. Code, A. Karovitch, and K. E. , Did publication of a clinical practice guideline recommendation to screen for type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes change practice ? Diabetes Care, vol.26, pp.265-268, 2003.

, Direction de la recherche, des études, de l'évaluation et des statistiques. L'état de santé de la population en France, 2015.

B. Vergès, M. Zeller, G. Dentan, J. C. Beer, Y. Laurent et al., Impact of fasting glycemia on short-term prognosis after acute myocardial infarction, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.92, pp.2136-2176, 2007.

D. G. Conaway, J. H. O'keefe, K. J. Reid, and J. Spertus, Frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients with acute coronary syndrome, Am J Cardiol, vol.96, pp.363-368, 2005.

A. Norhammar, A. Tenerz, G. Nilsson, A. Hamsten, S. Efendic et al., Glucose metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction and no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: a prospective study, Lancet, vol.359, pp.2140-2144, 2002.

H. Autorité-de-santé, Programme infarctus 2007-2010. « Ensemble, améliorons la prise en charge de l'infarctus du myocarde, 2009.

B. Vergès, A. Avignon, F. Bonnet, B. Catargi, S. Cattan et al., Consensus statement on the care of the hyperglycaemic/diabetic patient during and in the immediate follow-up of acute coronary syndrome, Arch Cardiovasc Dis, vol.105, issue.4, pp.239-53, 2012.

A. Morel, G. Lecoq, and D. Jourdain-menninger,

I. Tome, , 2012.

H. C. Gerstein, M. E. Miller, R. P. Byington, D. C. Goff, and J. T. Bigger, The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group, N Engl J Med, vol.358, pp.2545-59, 2008.

J. Robert, C. Roudier, N. Poutignat, A. Fagot-campagna, A. Weill et al., Prise en charge des personnes diabétiques de type 2 en France en 2007 et tendances par rapport à, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, pp.455-60, 2001.

S. Fosse-edorh and L. Mandereau-bruno, Suivi des examens recommandés dans la surveillance du diabète en france en 2013, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, pp.645-54, 2015.

, Caractéristiques, état de santé, prise en charge et poids économique des personnes diabétiques, 2007.

, World Health Organisation. Global Action Plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013-2020

R. Busse, A. Geissler, W. Quentin, and M. Wiley, Diagnosis-Related Groups in Europe. Moving towards transparency, efficiency and quality in hospitals

M. Mccubbin, R. Labonte, and B. Dallaire, Advocacy for healthy public policy as a health promotion technology. Centre for Health Promotion (on-line archives, 2001.

K. Christoffel and K. , Public Health Advocacy: Process and Product, Am J Public Health, vol.90, issue.5, pp.722-726, 2000.

. France and . Loi, Juillet, 1991.

. France, Loi n o 2003-1199 du 18 décembre 2003 de financement de la sécurité sociale pour, Journal officiel, vol.46, p.293, 2003.

, Manuel des groupes homogènes de malades. Version 2016 de la classification, 2016.

. France, Décret n°2011-1209 du 29 septembre 2011 modifiant les dispositions relatives au contrôle de la tarification à l'activité. JOFR n°0227 du 30 septembre, p.16449, 2011.

A. Guide-du-contrôle-externe and M. Mai, , 2012.

P. L. Bras and A. Loth, Rapport sur la gouvernance et l'utilisation des données de santé, 2013.

D. Polton and P. Ricordau, Le SNIIRAM et les bases de données de l'Assurance Maladie en 2011. CNAMTS. 30 Mars, 2011.

. France, Loi no 98-1194 du 23 décembre 1998 de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 1999, 19646.

. France, Arrêté du 19 juillet 2013 relatif à la mise en oeuvre du Système national d'information interrégimes de l'assurance maladie, JORF n°0187 du 13 août 2013, p.13791

P. Tuppin, L. De-roquefeuil, A. Weill, P. Ricordeau, and M. , French national health insurance information system and the permanent beneficiaries sample, Rev Epidemiol Sante Pub, vol.58, pp.286-290, 2010.

C. Quantin, Etude des algorithmes de définition de pathologies dans le système national d'Information Inter-Régimes de l'Assurance Maladie (SNIIRAM). Aout, 2015.

M. Goldberg, M. Carton, A. Doussin, A. Fagot-campagna, E. Heyndrickx et al., Réseau données Sniiram)-Spécial REDSIAM. Rev Epidemiol Sante Pub, vol.65, pp.144-193, 2017.

M. Golberg, Favoriser l'utilisation du Système national d'information interrégimes de l'assurance maladie (SNIIRAM), Rev Epidemiol Sante Pub, vol.65, pp.141-184, 2017.

C. Abdulmalak, J. Cottenet, and G. Beltramo, Haemoptysis in adults: a 5-year study using the French nationwide hospital administrative database, Eur Respir J, vol.46, issue.2, pp.503-511, 2015.

C. Lainay, E. Benzenine, and J. Durier, Hospitalization within the first year after stroke: the Dijon stroke registry, Stroke, vol.46, issue.1, pp.190-196, 2015.

L. Lorgis, J. Cottenet, and G. Molins, Outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in HIV-infected patients: analysis of data from a French nationwide hospital medical information database, Circulation, vol.127, issue.17, pp.1767-1774, 2013.

C. M. Couris, S. Polazzi, and F. Olive, Breast cancer incidence using administrative data: correction with sensitivity and specificity, J Clinical Epidemiol, vol.62, issue.6, pp.660-66, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00359818

C. Quantin, E. Benzenine, and M. Fassa, Evaluation of the interest of using discharge abstract databases to estimate breast cancer incidence in two French departments, Stat J IAOS, vol.28, pp.73-85, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00515364

L. Remontet, N. Mitton, and C. M. Couris, Is it possible to estimate the incidence of breast cancer from medico-administrative databases?, Eur J Epidemiol, vol.23, issue.10, pp.681-688, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00338952

Z. Uhry, M. Colonna, and L. Remontet, Estimating infranational and national thyroid cancer incidence in France from cancer registries data and national hospital discharge database, Eur J Epidemiol, vol.22, issue.9, pp.607-614, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00341262

C. Quantin, E. Benzenine, and C. Ferdynus, Advantages and limitations of using national administrative data on obstetric blood transfusions to estimate the frequency of obstetric hemorrhages, J Public Health (Oxf ), vol.35, issue.1, pp.147-156, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01194204

C. Quantin, E. Benzenine, and M. Hagi, Estimation of national colorectal-cancer incidence using claims databases, J Cancer Epidemiol, p.298369, 2012.

C. Quantin, J. Cottenet, and A. Vuagnat, Quality of perinatal statistics from hospital discharge data: comparison with civil registration and the 2010 National Perinatal Survey, J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod, vol.43, issue.9, pp.680-690, 2014.

K. Goueslard, M. Revert, and A. Pierron, Evaluation of the metrological quality of medico-administrative data for perinatal indicators: a pilot study, J Community Med Health Educ, vol.6, p.437, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02560835

, Méthodologie générale de la cartographie des pathologies développée par la CnamTS pour les années, Mise à jour Juillet, 2012.

P. Grosclaude, C. Dentan, B. Tretarre, M. Velten, E. Fournier et al., Utilité des bases de données médico-administratives pour le suivi épidémiologique des cancers. Comparaison avec les données des registres au niveau individuel, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, vol.5, issue.6, pp.63-67, 2012.

D. Lauzeille, C. Dentan, P. Grosclaude, J. L. Marchand, and L. Chérié-challine, Les données d'exonération du ticket modérateur pour affections de longue durée (ALD), source potentielle pour la surveillance des cancers d'origine professionnelle ?, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, vol.5, issue.6, pp.68-71, 2012.

K. Martin-latry and B. , Pharmacoepidemiological research using French reimbursement databases: yes we can! Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, CNAMTS. Rubrique SNIIRAM dans Statistiques et publications/ameli.fr, vol.19, pp.256-65, 2010.

C. L. Desisto, S. Y. Kim, and A. J. Sharma, Prevalence estimates of gestational diabetes mellitus in the United States, pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system (PRAMS), Prev Chronic Dis, vol.11, p.104, 2007.

B. S. Buckley, J. Harreiter, P. Damm, R. Corcoy, A. Chico et al., Gestational diabetes mellitus in Europe: prevalence, current screening practice and barriers to screening. A review, Diabet Med J Br Diabet Assoc, vol.29, issue.7, pp.844-54, 2012.

D. Inserm and . Enquête-nationale-périnatale, Les naissances et les établissements, 2016.

, Standards of medical care in diabetes-2010, Diabetes Care, vol.33, issue.1, pp.11-61, 2010.

E. Barry, S. Roberts, J. Oke, S. Vijayaraghavan, R. Normansell et al., Efficacy and effectiveness of screen and treat policies in prevention of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of screening tests and interventions, BMJ. 4 janv, vol.356, p.6538, 2017.

. Hapo-study-cooperative-research, . Group, B. E. Metzger, L. P. Lowe, A. R. Dyer et al., Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes, N Engl J Med, vol.358, pp.1991-2002, 2008.

, WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2013, 2012.

W. L. Bennett, S. Bolen, L. M. Wilson, E. B. Bass, and W. K. Nicholson, Performance Characteristics of Postpartum Screening Tests for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review, Journal of women' s health, vol.18, issue.7, pp.979-87, 2009.

A. Tovar, L. Chasan-taber, E. Eggleston, and E. Oken, Postpartum screening for diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus, Prev Chronic Dis, vol.8, issue.6, p.124, 2011.

S. Kwong, R. S. Mitchell, P. A. Senior, and C. L. Chik, Postpartum diabetes screening: Adherence rate and the performance of fasting plasma glucose versus oral glucose tolerance test, Diabetes care, issue.12, pp.2242-2246, 2009.

, Standards of medical care in diabetes--2014, Diabetes Care. janv, vol.37, issue.1, pp.14-80, 2014.

C. Billionnet, A. Weill, P. Ricordeau, F. Alla, F. Alla et al., Diabète gestationnel et grossesse : données de la population française, Diabetes & Metabolism, vol.40, issue.1, p.15, 2011.

E. Cosson, H. Bihan, L. Vittaz, C. Khiter, L. Carbillon et al., Improving postpartum glucose screening after gestational diabetes mellitus: a cohort study to evaluate the multicentre IMPACT initiative, Diabet Med J Br Diabet Assoc, vol.32, issue.2, pp.189-97, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02638045

W. L. Bennett, C. S. Ennen, J. A. Carrese, F. Hill-briggs, D. M. Levine et al., Barriers to and facilitators of postpartum follow-up care in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus: a qualitative study, J Womens Health, vol.20, issue.2, pp.239-284, 2002.

E. Keely, H. Clark, A. Karovitch, and I. Graham, Screening for type 2 diabetes following gestational diabetes: family physician and patient perspectives, Can Fam Physician Med Fam Can, vol.56, issue.6, pp.558-63, 2010.

C. R. Chittleborough, K. L. Baldock, A. W. Taylor, W. M. Hague, T. Willson et al., Long-term follow-up of women with gestational diabetes mellitus: the South Australian Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Recall Register, Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, vol.50, issue.2, pp.127-158, 2010.

H. D. Clark, I. D. Graham, A. Karovitch, and E. J. Keely, Do postal reminders increase postpartum screening of diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes mellitus? A randomized controlled trial, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.200, issue.6, pp.634-635, 2009.

C. Yarrington and C. Zera, Health Systems Approaches to Diabetes Screening and Prevention in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes, Curr Diab Rep. déc, vol.15, issue.12, p.114, 2015.

, Calculer son risque à 10 ans de développer un diabète

. The-decode-study and . Group, Glucose tolerance and mortality: comparison of WHO and American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria, Lancet, vol.354, pp.617-638, 1999.

A. Norhammar, Â. Tenerz, G. Nilsson, A. Hamsten, S. Efendíc et al., Glucose metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction and no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: a prospective study, Lancet, vol.359, pp.2140-2184, 2002.

M. Bartnik, L. Rydén, R. Ferrari, K. Malmberg, K. Pyörälä et al., The prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation in patients with coronary artery disease across Europe. The Euro Heart Survey on diabetes and the heart, Eur Heart J, vol.25, issue.21, pp.1880-90, 2004.

E. M. Antman, D. T. Anbe, P. W. Armstrong, E. R. Bates, L. A. Green et al., ACC/ AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction-executive summary. A report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on practice guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1999 guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction), J Am Coll Cardiol, vol.44, issue.3, pp.671-719, 2004.

L. Anderson and R. S. Taylor, Cardiac rehabilitation for people with heart disease: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, vol.12, p.11273, 2014.

B. Vergès, B. Patois-vergès, M. Cohen, B. Lucas, C. Galland-jos et al., Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on exercise capacity in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease, Diabet Med, vol.21, issue.8, pp.889-95, 2004.

B. Paulweber, P. Valensi, J. Lindström, N. M. Lalic, C. J. Greaves et al., A European evidence-based guideline for the prevention of type 2 diabetes, Horm Metab Res, vol.42, pp.3-6, 2010.

C. De-peretti, J. Nicolau, F. Chin, P. Tuppin, N. Danchin et al., Réadaptation cardiaque hospitalière après un infarctus du myocarde en France : apports du PMSI-SSR, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, vol.5, pp.84-92, 2014.

R. V. Milani and C. J. Lavie, Behavioral differences and effects of cardiac rehabilitation in diabetic patients following cardiac events, Am J Med, vol.100, pp.517-540, 1996.

L. Ettefagh, M. Maleki, A. Panahi, M. Abdi, M. E. Oskuie et al., The prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism in patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation, J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev, vol.33, issue.1, pp.42-48, 2013.

A. M. Boas-soja, A. Zwisler, T. Melchior, E. Hommel, C. Torp-pedersen et al., Prevalence and characteristics of impaired glucose metabolism in patients referred to comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation: the DANSUK study, Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil, vol.13, issue.5, pp.784-90, 2006.

N. Russo, L. Compostella, G. Fadini, T. Setzu, S. Iliceto et al., Prediabetes influences cardiac rehabilitation in coronary artery disease patients, Eur J Prev Cardiol, vol.19, issue.3, pp.382-390, 2012.

V. L. Feigin, G. A. Roth, M. Naghavi, P. Parmar, R. Krishnamurthi et al., Global burden of stroke and risk factors in 188 countries, during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, Lancet Neurol, vol.15, issue.9, pp.913-924, 2013.

M. J. O'donnell, S. L. Chin, S. Rangarajan, D. Xavier, L. Liu et al., Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): a case-control study, The Lancet, vol.388, pp.761-775, 2016.

V. L. Feigin, B. Norrving, M. G. George, J. L. Foltz, G. A. Roth et al., Prevention of stroke: a strategic global imperative, Nat Rev Neurol, vol.12, issue.9, pp.501-513, 2016.

S. A. Peters, R. R. Huxley, and M. Woodward, Diabetes as a risk factor for stroke in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 cohorts, including 775 385 individuals and 12 539 strokes, The Lancet, vol.383, issue.9933, pp.1973-1980, 2014.

G. M. Singh, G. Danaei, F. Farzadfar, G. A. Stevens, M. Woodward et al., The Age-Specific Quantitative Effects of Metabolic Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis, PLoS ONE, vol.8, issue.7, p.65174, 2013.

, Collaboration APCS, others. The effects of diabetes on the risks of major cardiovascular diseases and death in the Asia-Pacific region, Diabetes Care, vol.26, issue.2, pp.360-366, 2003.

A. Icks, M. Scheer, J. Genz, G. Giani, G. Glaeske et al., Stroke in the diabetic and non-diabetic population in Germany: relative and attributable risks, J Diabetes Complications, vol.25, issue.2, pp.90-96, 2005.

B. M. Kissela, J. Khoury, D. Kleindorfer, D. Woo, A. Schneider et al., Epidemiology of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Diabetes The Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study, Diabetes Care, vol.28, issue.2, pp.355-359, 2005.

M. M. Kaarisalo, I. Räihä, J. Sivenius, P. Immonen-räihä, A. Lehtonen et al., Diabetes worsens the outcome of acute ischemic stroke, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, vol.69, issue.3, pp.293-301, 2005.

S. Megherbi, C. Milan, D. Minier, G. Couvreur, G. Osseby et al., Association Between Diabetes and Stroke Subtype on Survival and Functional Outcome 3 Months After Stroke: Data From the European BIOMED Stroke Project, Stroke, vol.34, issue.3, pp.688-94, 2003.

J. M. Sprafka, B. A. Virnig, E. Shahar, and P. G. Mcgovern, Trends in diabetes prevalence among stroke patients and the effect of diabetes on stroke survival: the Minnesota Heart Survey, Diabet Med, vol.11, issue.7, pp.678-684, 1994.

J. Pennlert, M. Eriksson, B. Carlberg, and P. Wiklund, Long-term risk and predictors of recurrent stroke beyond the acute phase, Stroke, vol.45, issue.6, pp.1839-1841, 2014.

A. Callahan, P. Amarenco, L. B. Goldstein, H. Sillesen, M. Messig et al., Risk of stroke and cardiovascular events after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in patients with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome: secondary analysis of the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trial, Arch Neurol, vol.68, issue.10, pp.1245-51, 2011.

J. Burn, M. Dennis, J. Bamford, P. Sandercock, D. Wade et al., Long-term risk of recurrent stroke after a first-ever stroke. The Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project, Stroke, vol.25, issue.2, pp.333-340, 1994.

G. J. Hankey, K. Jamrozik, R. J. Broadhurst, S. Forbes, P. W. Burvill et al., Long-term risk of first recurrent stroke in the Perth Community Stroke Study, Stroke, vol.29, issue.12, pp.2491-2500, 1998.

N. Walter, B. Kernan, H. R. Ovbiagele, D. M. Black, . Bravata et al.,

M. D. Chimowitz and . Ezekowitz, Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association, Stroke, vol.45, issue.7, pp.2160-236, 2014.

C. Stettler, S. Allemann, P. Jüni, C. A. Cull, R. R. Holman et al., Glycemic control and macrovascular disease in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of randomized trials, Am Heart J, vol.152, issue.1, pp.27-38, 2006.

, American Diabetes Association A. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care, vol.29, 2016.

G. Sidorenkov, F. M. Haaijer-ruskamp, D. De-zeeuw, and P. Denig, A Longitudinal Study Examining Adherence to Guidelines in Diabetes Care According to Different Definitions of Adequacy and Timeliness, PLoS ONE, vol.6, 2011.

D. T. Rao, L. K. Sunio, Y. Lo, and V. V. Gossain, Comparison of the Adherence to the American Diabetes Association Guidelines of Diabetes Care in Primary Care and Subspecialty Clinics, J Diabetes Metab. Disorders, vol.14, p.35, 2015.

D. Berardis, G. Pellegrini, F. Franciosi, M. Belfiglio, M. et al., Quality of Care and Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetic Patients A comparison between general practice and diabetes clinics, Diabetes Care, vol.27, pp.398-406, 2004.

E. M. Magnan, R. Gittelson, C. M. Bartels, H. M. Johnson, N. Pandhi et al., Establishing chronic condition concordance and discordance with diabetes: a Delphi study, BMC Fam Pract, vol.16, p.42, 2015.

S. E. Inzucchi, R. M. Bergenstal, and J. B. Buse, Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered ApproachPosition Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Diabetes Care, vol.35, pp.1364-1379, 2012.

B. Bouillet, G. Vaillant, J. M. Petit, M. Duclos, A. Poussier et al., Are elderly patients with diabetes being overtreated in French long-term-care homes?, Diabetes Metab, vol.36, pp.272-279, 2010.

E. A. Laird, V. E. Coates, A. A. Ryan, M. O. Mccarron, D. Lyttle et al., Hypoglycaemia risk among a hospitalised stroke patient cohort: a case for increased vigilance in glucose monitoring, J Clin Neurosci, vol.21, pp.232-237, 2014.

E. M. Magnan, M. Palta, J. E. Mahoney, N. Pandhi, D. M. Bolt et al., The relationship of individual comorbid chronic conditions to diabetes care quality, BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care, vol.3, p.80, 2015.

R. Robson, A. S. Lacey, S. D. Luzio, H. Van-woerden, M. L. Heaven et al., HbA 1c measurement and relationship to incident stroke, Diabet Med, vol.33, pp.459-62, 2016.

M. Giroud, M. Hommel, E. Benzenine, J. Fauconnier, Y. Béjot et al., Positive Predictive Value of French Hospitalization Discharge Codes for Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack, Eur Neurol, vol.74, pp.92-101, 2015.

, World Health Organisation, Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010, 2011.

B. E. Metzger, L. P. Lowe, A. R. Dyer, E. R. Trimble, U. Chaovarindr et al., Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes, The New England Journal of Medicine, vol.358, issue.19, pp.1991-2002, 2008.

N. Regnault, B. Salanave, K. Castetbon, E. Cosson, A. Vambergue et al., Diabète gestationnel en France en 2012 : dépistage, prévalence et modalités de prise en charge pendant la grossesse, Bull Epidémiol Hebd, issue.9, pp.164-73, 2016.

M. Banerjee and J. K. Cruickshank, Pregnancy as the prodrome to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular risk, Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med, vol.3, issue.11, pp.596-603, 2006.

V. Garovic and S. Hayman, Hypertension in pregnancy: an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease, Nat Clin Pract Nephrol, vol.11, issue.3, pp.613-635, 2003.

J. Harreiter, G. Dovjak, and A. Kautzky-willer, Gestational diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk after pregnancy, Womens Health (Lond Engl), vol.10, issue.1, pp.91-108, 2014.

T. Mannisto, P. Mendola, M. Vaarasmaki, M. R. Jarvelin, A. L. Hartikainen et al., Elevated blood pressure in pregnancy and subsequent chronic disease risk, Circulation, vol.127, issue.6, pp.681-90, 2013.

G. C. Smith, J. P. Pell, and D. Walsh, Pregnancy complications and maternal risk of ischaemic heart disease: a retrospective cohort study of 129,290 births, Lancet, vol.357, issue.9273, pp.2002-2008, 2001.

J. M. Lind, A. Hennessy, and M. Mclean, Cardiovascular disease in women: the significance of hypertension and gestational diabetes during pregnancy, Curr Opin Cardiol, vol.29, pp.447-53, 2014.

R. Retnakaran and B. R. Shah, Mild glucose intolerance in pregnancy and risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study, CMAJ, vol.181, pp.371-377, 2009.

B. R. Shah, R. Retnakaran, and G. L. Booth, Increased risk of cardiovascular disease in young women following gestational diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Care, vol.31, issue.8, pp.1668-1677, 2008.

D. B. Carr, K. M. Utzschneider, R. L. Hull, J. Tong, T. M. Wallace et al., Gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in women with a family history of type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care, vol.29, issue.9, pp.2078-83, 2006.

C. Archambault, R. Arel, and K. B. Filion, Gestational diabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease: a scoping review, Open Med, vol.8, issue.1, pp.1-9, 2014.

E. P. Gunderson, V. Chiang, M. J. Pletcher, D. R. Jacobs, C. P. Quesenberry et al., History of gestational diabetes mellitus and future risk of atherosclerosis in mid-life: the coronary artery risk development in young adults study, J Am Heart Assoc, vol.3, issue.2, p.490, 2014.

J. W. Li, S. Y. He, P. Liu, L. Luo, L. Zhao et al., Association of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) with subclinical atherosclerosis: a systemic review and meta-analysis, BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, vol.14, p.132, 2014.

E. Anastasiou, J. P. Lekakis, M. Alevizaki, C. M. Papamichael, J. Megas et al., Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in women with previous gestational diabetes, Diabetes Care, vol.21, pp.2111-2116, 1998.

C. Göbl, L. Bozkurt, R. Yarragudi, T. Prikoszovich, A. Tura et al., Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in relation to impaired carbohydrate metabolism following pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus, Cardiovasc Diabetol, vol.13, p.138, 2014.

M. J. Legato, A. Gelzer, R. Goland, S. A. Ebner, S. Rajan et al., Genderspecific care of the patient with diabetes: review and recommendations, Gend Med, vol.3, issue.2, pp.131-58, 2006.

S. D. Sullivan, J. G. Umans, and R. Ratner, Gestational diabetes: implications for cardiovascular health, Curr Diab Rep, vol.12, issue.1, pp.43-52, 2012.

S. M. Heitritter, C. G. Solomon, G. F. Mitchell, N. Skali-ounis, and E. W. Seely, Subclinical inflammation and vascular dysfunction in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.90, issue.7, pp.3983-3991, 2005.

B. E. Metzger, T. A. Buchanan, D. R. Coustan, A. De-leiva, D. B. Dunger et al., Summary and recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Care, vol.30, issue.2, pp.251-60, 2007.

R. Karoli, Z. Siddiqi, J. Fatima, V. Shukla, P. P. Mishra et al., Assessment of noninvasive risk markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in premenopausal women with previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus, Heart Views, vol.16, issue.1, pp.13-21, 2015.

A. Fascicule-v-gynécologie-obstétrique,

C. De-peretti, F. Chin, P. Tuppin, and N. Danchin, Trends in annual incidence of hospitalized myocardial infarction in France from, BEH InVS, p.41, 2002.

C. De-peretti, F. Chin, P. Tuppin, Y. Bejot, M. Giroud et al., Trends in annual incidence of hospitalized stroke in France from, BEH InVS, p.125, 2002.

C. Quantin, J. Cottenet, A. Vuagnat, C. Prunet, M. C. Mouquet et al., Quality of perinatal statistics from hospital discharge data: comparison with civil registration and the 2010 National Perinatal Survey, J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod

R. Bentley-lewis, C. Powe, E. Ankers, J. Wenger, J. Ecker et al., Effect of race/ethnicity on hypertension risk subsequent to gestational diabetes mellitus, Am J Cardiol, vol.113, issue.8, pp.1364-70, 2014.

S. M. Freibert, D. M. Mannino, H. Bush, and L. J. Crofford, The association of adverse pregnancy events and cardiovascular disease in women 50 years of age and older, J Womens Health (Larchmt), vol.20, issue.2, pp.287-93, 2011.

H. Fadl, A. Magnuson, I. Östlund, S. Montgomery, U. Hanson et al., Gestational diabetes mellitus and later cardiovascular disease: a Swedish population based case-control study, BJOG, vol.121, pp.1530-1537, 2014.

A. S. Brazeau, A. Leong, S. J. Meltzer, R. Cruz, D. Dacosta et al., MoMM study group. Group-based activities with on-site childcare and online support improve glucose tolerance in women within 5 years of gestational diabetes pregnancy, Cardiovasc Diabetol, vol.30, issue.13, p.104, 2014.

J. Spaan, L. Peeters, M. Spaanderman, and M. Brown, Cardiovascular risk management after a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, Hypertension, vol.60, pp.1368-73, 2012.

, Standards of medical care in diabetes-2013. Diabetes Care, vol.36, pp.11-66, 2013.

Q. Mai, C. D. Holman, F. M. Sanfilippo, J. D. Emery, and D. B. Preen, Mental illness related disparities in diabetes prevalence, quality of care and outcomes: a population-based longitudinal study, BMC Medicine, vol.9, p.118, 2011.

W. V. Bobo, W. O. Cooper, and C. M. Stein, Antipsychotics and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and youth, JAMA Psychiatry, vol.70, pp.1067-1075, 2013.

S. E. Andrade, J. C. Lo, and D. Roblin, Antipsychotic medication use among children and risk of diabetes mellitus, Pediatrics, vol.128, pp.1135-1141, 2011.

. Maglionem, A. R. Maher, and J. Hu, Off-label use of atypical antipsychotics: an update. Comparative effectiveness review no, 2011.

T. Becker and J. Hux, Risk of Acute Complications of Diabetes Among PeopleWith Schizophrenia in Ontario, Canada. Diabetes Care, vol.34, pp.398-402, 2011.

R. W. Goldberg, J. A. Kreyenbuhl, D. R. Medoff, F. B. Dickerson, K. Wohlheiter et al., Quality of Diabetes Care Among Adults With Serious Mental Illness, Psychiatric Services, vol.58, pp.536-579, 2007.

J. S. Gonzalez, M. Peyrot, L. A. Mccarl, E. M. Collins, L. Serpa et al., Depression and diabetes treatment nonadherence: a meta-analysis, Diabetes Care, vol.31, pp.2398-403, 2008.

R. J. Anderson, A. B. Grigsby, K. E. Freedland, M. De-groot, J. B. Mcgill et al., Anxiety and poor glycemic control: a meta-analytic review of the literature, Int J Psychiatry Med, vol.32, pp.235-282, 2002.

A. Galler, E. Bollow, M. Meusers, B. Bartus, A. Näke et al., Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Competence network Diabetes Mellitus. Comparison of glycemic and metabolic control in youth with type 1 diabetes with and without antipsychotic medication: analysis from the nationwide German/Austrian Diabetes Survey (DPV), Diabetes Care, vol.38, issue.6, pp.1051-1058, 2015.

L. T. Wu, U. E. Ghitza, B. C. Batch, M. J. Pencina, L. F. Rojas et al., Substance use and mental diagnoses among adults with and without type 2 diabetes: Results from electronic health records data, Drug Alcohol Depend, vol.156, pp.162-171, 2015.

M. Coldefy, C. Nestrigue, and Z. Or, Étude de la faisabilité sur la diversité des pratiques en psychiatrie -rap1896, p.57, 2012.

H. Quan, V. Sundararajan, and P. Halfon, Coding algorithms for defining Comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data, Med Care, vol.43, issue.11, pp.1130-1139, 2005.

H. Quan, B. Li, C. M. Couris, K. Fushimi, P. Graham et al., Updating and validation the Charlson comorbidity index ans score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries, Am J Epidemiol, vol.173, issue.6, pp.676-82, 2011.

C. Gourier-frery, C. Chee, C. Beltzer, and N. , Prévalence de la schizophrénie et autres troubles psychotiques en France métropolitaine, European Psychiatry, vol.29, issue.8, pp.625-657, 2014.

L. A. Chwastiak, D. S. Davydow, C. L. Mckibbin, E. Schur, M. Burley et al., The Impact of Serious Mental Illness on the Risk of Rehospitalization among Patients with Diabetes, Psychosomatics, vol.55, issue.2, pp.134-143, 2014.

A. Rewers, H. P. Chase, T. Mackensie, P. Walravens, M. Roback et al., Predictors of Acute Complications in Children With Type 1 Diabetes, JAMA, vol.287, issue.19, pp.2511-2529, 2002.

P. El-mallakh, Doing My Best: Poverty and Self-Care Among Individuals With Schizophrenia and Diabetes Mellitus, Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, vol.21, issue.1, pp.49-60, 2007.

C. E. Blixen, S. Kanuch, A. T. Perynski, C. Thomas, N. V. Dawson et al., Barriers to Self-Management of Serious Mental Illness and Diabetes, Am J Health Behav, vol.40, issue.2, pp.194-204, 2016.

J. L. Grenard, B. A. Munjas, J. L. Adams, M. Suttorp, M. Maglione et al., Depression and Medication Adherence in the Treatment of Chronic Diseases in the United States: A Meta-Analysis, JGIM, vol.26, issue.10, pp.1175-82, 2011.

M. Pompili, D. Lester, M. Innamorati, D. Pisa, E. Amore et al., Quality of Life and Suicide Risk in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, Psychosomatics, vol.50, issue.1, pp.16-23, 2009.

M. Pompili, A. Forte, D. Lester, D. Erbuto, F. Rovedi et al., Suicide risk in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.76, pp.352-60, 2014.

P. Boileau, B. Aboumrad, and P. Bougneres, Recurrent comas due to secret selfadministration of insulin in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, Diabetes Care, vol.29, pp.430-431, 2006.

P. Bougnères, P. Boileau, and B. Aboumrad, Secret Insulin-Injection Syndrome among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes, N Engl J Med, vol.353, issue.23, pp.2516-2523, 2005.

J. H. Shin, R. B. Haynes, and M. E. Johnston, Effect of problem-based, self-directed undergraduate education on long-life learning, Can Med Assoc J, vol.148, pp.99-76, 1993.

A. De-la-laurencie, F. Laville, and F. Sachwald, Le positionnement de la France dans le domaine de la recherche biomédicale à travers ses publications scientifiques. In : État de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche en France -49 indicateurs, p.48, 2017.

N. Haeffner-cavaillon, Benchmarking dans le domaine de la recherche biomédicale

, Etude réalisée à partir des données du centre d'études de la science et de la technologie Suisse (CEST-années, 1994.

F. Davidoff, B. Haynes, D. Sackett, and R. Smith, evidence-Based Medicine. A new journal to help doctors identify the information they need, BMJ, vol.310, pp.1085-1091, 1995.

D. L. Sackett, W. M. Rosenberg, J. A. Gray, R. B. Haynes, and W. S. Richardson, Evidence-Based Medicine: what it is and what it isn't, BMJ, vol.312, pp.71-73, 1996.

R. B. Haynes, P. J. Devereaux, and G. H. Guyatt, La compétence du clinicien à l'ère de la médecine fondée sur les niveaux de preuve et de la décision partagée avec les patients, EBM Journal, vol.34, pp.5-8, 2003.

D. Sackett, De la nécessité d'une médecine basée sur des faits prouvés, EBM Journal, vol.1, pp.5-6, 1996.

, A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group, JAMA, vol.268, issue.17, pp.2420-2425, 1992.

C. Laurent, J. Baudry, M. Berriet-solliec, M. Kirsch, D. Perraud et al., « Pourquoi s'intéresser à la notion d' « evidence-based policy, Revue Tiers Monde, vol.200, issue.4, pp.853-73, 2009.

, American Medical Association Journal of Ethics, vol.15, issue.1, pp.71-77, 2013.

. Institute-of-medicine, Clinical practice guidelines we can trust, 2011.

C. M. Booth and I. F. Tannock, Randomised controlled trials and population-based observational research: partners in the evolution of medical evidence, British Journal of Cancer, vol.110, pp.551-55, 2014.

D. L. Hershman and J. D. Wright, Comparative Effectiveness Research in Oncology Methodology: Observational Data, J Clin Oncol, vol.30, pp.4215-4237, 2012.

. Garrison, . Lp, P. J. Neumann, P. Erickson, D. Marshall et al., Real-World Data for Coverage and Payment Decisions: The ISPOR Real-World Data Task Force Report, Value Health, vol.10, issue.5, pp.326-361, 2007.

J. M. Franklin and S. Schneeweiss, When and how can real world data analyses substitute for randomized controlled trials?, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2017.

S. Tyldesley, J. Zhang-salomons, P. A. Groome, S. Zhou, K. Schulze et al., Association between age and the utilization of radiotherapy in Ontario, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, vol.47, pp.469-480, 2000.

J. Faivre, V. E. Lemmens, V. Quipourt, and A. M. Bouvier, Management and survival of colorectal cancer in the elderly in population-based studies, Eur J Cancer, vol.43, pp.2279-2284, 2007.

C. A. Derek, Fusing Randomized TrialsWith Big Data. The Key to Self-learning Health Care Systems?, JAMA, vol.314, issue.8, pp.767-775, 2015.

T. M. Kerkhofs, R. H. Verhoeven, J. M. Van-der-zwan, J. Dieleman, M. N. Kerstens et al., Adrenocortical carcinoma: a population-based study on incidence and survival in the Netherlands since 1993, Eur J Cancer, vol.49, issue.11, pp.2579-2586, 2013.

D. Schreiber, J. Rineer, J. Weiss, A. Leaf, N. Karanikolas et al., Characterization and outcomes of small cell carcinoma of the bladder using the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database, Am J Clin Oncol, vol.36, pp.126-131, 2013.

N. L. Keating, A. J. O'malley, and M. R. Smith, Diabetes and cardiovascular disease during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, vol.24, pp.4448-4456, 2006.

W. A. Ray, Improving Automated Database Studies, Epidemiology, vol.22, issue.3, pp.302-306, 2011.

E. Von-elm, D. G. Altman, M. Egger, S. J. Pocock, P. C. Gotzsche et al., The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies, PLoS Med, vol.4, p.296, 2007.

J. Concato, Is it time for Medicine-based Evidence ?, JAMA, vol.307, issue.15, pp.1641-1684, 2012.

S. C. Morton, M. R. Costlow, J. S. Graff, and R. W. Dubois, Standards and guidelines for observational studies: quality is in the eye of the beholder, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol.71, pp.3-10, 2016.

, The PCORI Methodology Report, 2017.

E. I. Benchimol, L. Smeeth, A. Guttmann, K. Harron, D. Moher et al., RECORD Working Committee. The Reporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinelycollected health Data (RECORD) Statement, PLoS Med, vol.12, issue.10, p.1001885, 2015.

M. S. Lauer and . Sr, The randomized registry trial-the next disruptive technology in clinical research?, N Engl J Med, vol.369, issue.17, pp.1579-81, 2013.

S. James, S. V. Rao, and C. B. Granger, Registry-based randomized clinical trials-a new clinical trial paradigm, Nat Rev Cardiol, vol.12, issue.5, pp.312-318, 2015.

H. M. Krumholz, Big Data And New Knowledge In Medicine: The Thinking, Training, And Tools Needed For A Learning Health System, Health Aff, 2014.

S. J. Mooney, D. J. Westreich, and A. M. El-sayed, Epidemiology in the Era of Big Data, Epidemiology, vol.26, issue.3, pp.390-394, 2015.

P. M. Bossuyt, J. B. Reitsma, D. E. Bruns, C. A. Gatsonis, P. P. Glasziou et al., Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative, BMJ, vol.326, pp.41-44, 2003.

E. I. Benchimol, D. G. Manuel, T. To, A. M. Griffiths, L. Rabeneck et al., Development and use of reporting guidelines for assessing the quality of validation studies of health administrative data, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol.64, issue.8, pp.821-850, 2011.

D. Coster, C. Quan, H. Finlayson, A. Gao, M. Halfon et al., Identifying priorities in methodological research using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data: report from an international consortium, BMC Health Services Research, vol.6, p.77, 2006.

R. Gini, A Validation Odyssey: from big data to local intelligence, 2016.

, ey_From_big_data_to_local_intelligence/links/5810884a08aea04bbcbd03bd/A-Validation-Odyssey-From-big-data-to-local-intelligence

S. Amed, S. E. Vanderloo, . Metzger-d, J. P. Collet, K. Reimer et al., Validation of diabetes casse definitions using administrative claims data, Diabet Med, vol.28, issue.4, pp.424-431, 2011.

A. Guttmann, M. Nakhla, M. Henderson, T. To, D. Daneman et al., Validation of a health administrative data algorithm for assessing the epidemiology of diabetes in Canadian children, Pediatr Diabetes, vol.11, pp.122-150, 2010.

S. L. Bowker, A. Savu, N. K. Lam, J. A. Johnson, and P. Kaul, Validation of administrative data case definitions for gestational diabetes mellitus, Diabet Med, vol.34, pp.51-55, 2017.

L. Lix, M. Yogendran, C. Burchill, C. Metge, N. Mckeen et al., Defining and Validating Chronic Diseases: An Administrative Data Approach. Winnipeg, Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, 2006.

S. Fosse-edorh, A. Rogou, S. Morin, L. Fezeu, L. Mandereau-bruno et al., Algorithmes basés sur les données médico-administratives dans le champ des maladies endocriniennes, nutritionnelles, métaboliques, et en particulier du diabète. Rev epidemiol sante publique, vol.65, pp.168-73, 2017.

, Etalonnage du PMSI MCO pour la surveillance des infarctus du myocarde, 2003.

V. Boggio, S. Nicklaus, and S. Issanchou, La construction des préférences alimentaires, Objectif Nutrition, vol.90, pp.3-9, 2008.

S. Nicklaus, V. Boggio, and S. Issanchou, Food choice at lunch during the third year of life: high selection of animal and starchy foods but avoidance of vegetables, Acta Paediatrica, vol.94, pp.943-51, 2005.

S. Nicklaus, V. Boggio, C. Chabanet, and S. Issanchou, A prospective study of food preferences in childhood, Food Quality and Preference, vol.15, pp.805-823, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02678150

, Caring for quality in health: lessons learnt from 15 reviews of health care quality, 2017.

P. Alary, Perspectives démocratiques en santé mentale de la rhétorique à la pratique : le patient, usager ou partenaire ? Pratiques en santé mentale, vol.2, pp.5-14, 2016.

A. Klein, Contribution à l'histoire du « patient » contemporain. L'autonomie en santé : du self-care au biohacking. Histoire, médecine et santé, Editions Méridiennes, pp.115-128, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00984405

C. Dempsey, B. Battel-kirk, and M. Barry, M Cadre de Référence sur les Compétences pour la Promotion de la Santé Version abrégée, 2011.

, Annexe 1 : Dépistage du diabète de type 2 après une grossesse marquée par un diabète gestationnel entre, 2007.