T. Dans-cette, la faisabilité d'utiliser un signal Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone (USMT) dans un environnement load-pull actif a été démontrée

, Cet outil unique aidera à la caractérisation et la conception des futurs amplificateurs de puissance large-bande

, La technique de mesure utilisant un signal USMT a démontré un fort potentiel pour pouvoir être implémentée à différents niveaux dans la chaîne de transmissions RF : ? la recherche : pour comparer les performances des transistors, des amplificateurs de puissance en utilisant le même signal de test, vol.124

, ? les fonderies : pour concevoir des composants issus de technologies nouvelles, pour fiabiliser les composants en utilisant une modulation avec un signal à fort PAPR, vol.124

, ? les concepteurs d'amplificateurs de puissance : pour choisir les impédances pour des signaux bande-étroite

, ? les chaînes de production : pour tester rapidement les amplificateurs de puissance dans des conditions réelles, vol.121

, Sa mise en place, dans sa forme la plus simple ne requiert pas un matériel très onéreux

, La mesure du signal USMT, dans un environnement à 4 récepteurs, permet de mesurer la dégradation des composants en terme de non-linéarité, connaissant la non-linéarité de la source

, Enfin ce travail ouvre de nombreuses pistes d

, ? La montée en fréquence (35 G H z) et en bande passante (1 GHz), car les bandes de fréquences vont être de plus en plus élevées

. ?-l', optimisation des harmoniques à 2 f 0 , 3 f 0 , en load-pull actif, pour pouvoir optimiser des structures large-bande notamment en terme de rendement

. ?-l', optimisation des charges présentées aux produits d'ordre 2 apparaissant sur les produits d'intermodulation en BF

. ?-l',

, ? La linéarisation d'amplificateurs en utilisant une technique de "feedforward

. ?-l', analyse de l'impact des effets parasites lents (pièges, thermique) sur les performances en linéarité d'un amplificateur au cours d'une trame de télécommunications

?. , Une première expérience a été réalisée avec un récepteur faible coût RTL2832u (10$), qui offre une dynamique d'environ 40 ? 50 d B avec une bande passante de 2 M H z pour des signaux de 24 M H z à 1766 M H z (sans trou). La figure fig.4.35 offre un exemple de mesure USMT-8 réalisée au laboratoire grâce au logiciel SDRSharp. Cette figure illustre également la dynamique du récepteur qui est d'environ 50 d B , utilisé ici pour effectuer des mesures USMT

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V. Gillet, J. Teyssier, S. Laurent, M. Prigent, and R. Quéré, An Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone Passive Load-Pull (USMT-PLP) to simultaneously characterize Linearity and Efficiency of RF Power Devices, International Workshop on Integrated Nonlinear Microwave and Millimetre-wave Circuits (INMMIC), 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02122040

V. Gillet, J. Teyssier, T. Reveyrand, S. Laurent, M. Prigent et al., A fully calibrated NVNA set-up for linearity characterization of RF power devices using Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone signal through IM3 & IM5 measurements, 91st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG), pp.1-4, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02121801

V. Gillet, M. Bouslama, S. Piotrowicz, C. Potier, O. Patard et al., Linearity and Efficiency Characterization of AlGaN/GaN and InAlGaN/GaN HEMTs devices using Multi-tone Large Signal Measurements, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02460432

V. Gillet, J. Verspecht, J. Teyssier, M. Prigent, and R. Quéré, Arbitrary wideband Open-loop active load-pull measurement using Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone stimulus, ARFTG, 2020.

V. Gillet, A. Hajjar, J. Teyssier, A. Gasmi, C. E. Kacou et al., Millimeter-wave power amplifier linearity characterization using Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone Stimulus, 2020.

, Communications

V. Gillet, S. Laurent, M. Prigent, and R. Quéré, Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone Load-Pull (USMT-LP) test set-up for power devices linearity characterization, pp.15-17, 2017.

V. Gillet and I. Workshop, Traitement des non-linéarités, Forum non-linéarité, pp.29-2019

V. Gillet, Workshop étudiant mi-thèse, Présentation 120 secondes de travaux concernant le signal USMT, 2018.

V. Gillet, Présentation des travaux sur la linéarité/Présentation Xlim pour la société Zodiac Data System Juin, 2018.

V. Gillet and . Teyssier, Presentation of the internship Keysight software team meeting, internal Keysight Technologies, 2019.

V. Gillet, Wideband active device characterization with minimum number of tones test signal, Workshop sur la linéarité Xlim, Brive, Octobre, pp.1-1, 2019.

, ? Produits d'intermodulation d'ordre, vol.5, 2001.

, ? Produits d'intermodulation d'ordre 7, vol.3, 2001.

, 3 (I M 3 ) qui retombent autour de f 0 sans recouvrement entre elles, ni avec les 8 tons pilotes USMT Développement d'un banc de load-pull actif innovant, utilisant un signal multi-tons large bande pour la mesure de la linéarité, TABLE 5.10 -Liste des fréquences d'intermodulation d'ordre

, Ce signal offre une nouvelle perspective permettant la caractérisation des formes d'ondes réelles en utilisant un signal avec un nombre de tons très réduit, se comportant comme une extension de la caractérisation 2-tons. Ce signal est simple à mettre en oeuvre, à mesurer et à analyser. Il nécessite des moyens peu onéreux, (générateur de signaux arbitraires, analyseur de spectre), Cette thèse présente l'utilisation innovante du signal Unequally Spaced Multi-Tones (USMT) dans la mesure de linéarité des transmetteurs de télécommunications (5G)

. Usmt, . 5g, . Evm, A. Npr, . Gan et al., This signal offers new perspectives of characterization using real waveform involving a reduce number of tone test signal, which in turn behaves as an extension of the 2-tone characterization. This innovative test signal is easy to generate, to measure and to analyze. It required not particular expensive hardware to be generated (arbitrary waveform generator, spectrum analyzer). It is particularly interesting for production line testing, from on-wafer measurements up to radiofrequency front-end, passing through packaged transistor. This thesis demonstrated the feasability of automation of multitone measurement, using this particular USMT signal, for load-pull measurement (passive and active) of telecommunications transmitters. Managing this measurement technics represents a competitive advantage at all levels of the radio frequency front-end design and an undeniable financial gain. Keywords : load-pull, multi-tones, intermodulation, characterization, large signal measurement, Mots clés : load-pull, multi-tons, intermodulation, caractérisation