, Optimistic" assumptions for the period, with the EX-ANTE-2012 using, 2014.

, Comparison with the EX-ANTE-2012 using "Optimistic" assumptions for the year, p.323, 2030.

, List of commitments considered as

, List of commitments considered as "Candidates"

. .. , List of the IU commitments implemented in the NEMESIS model, p.342

, European innovation systems, synthesis (1/2)

, European innovation systems, synthesis (2/2)

, Public policy instruments and their characterization

. .. , 357 7.2.5 Linear correlation across countries between the eight categories of innovation indicators for, 2015.

, Evolution of SII and of the eight innovation indicators categories between, 2008.

, Linear correlation across countries between the evolution of the eight categories of innovation indicators on the 2008-2015 period

, Linear correlation across countries between R&D intensity the eight categories of innovation indicators for 2015

, 364 7.2.10Evolution of public R&D intensity in % GDP in EU countries, p.365, 2007.

. .. , 369 7.2.14Percentage of missing data for Business Enterprises R&D (BERD) in NACE rev, 11Evolution of total R&D intensity in % GDP in EU countries, 2007.

. .. Gdp), 15Evolution of Business Enterprises R&D (BERD) at sectorial level between, 2007.

, 16Evolution of public R&D investments by socio-economic objective between, 2007.

. .. , 17Link between Public R&D investments and NEMESIS sectors, p.373

, 18Evolution of GDP in the reference scenario

, 19Evolution of innovation assets in the reference scenario

, 20The impacts of EU-28 sectorial value-added (in % deviation from the reference scenario, p.381

, 2.21The impacts on EU-28 sectoral employment (in thousands and in difference from the reference scenario)

, 22The impact on EU-28 sectorial trade balance (in billion ? of 2005 and in difference from the reference scenario)

. .. , .23Long term impacts on GDP per country (in % diff. from the reference scenario), p.384

. .. , .24Evolution of R&D intensity in the business sector in Slovenia, GDP points), p.386

. .. Nemesis-model, 400 7.3.3 Evolution of the variable"Knowledge transfers"in the"REALISTIC"and"OPTIMISTIC" scenarios

, Modification of NEMESIS model to implement Group 2 commitments, p.404

. .. Esma, , p.405

. .. , Assumptions used to implement commitment 11 in NEMESIS, p.406

, Modification of NEMESIS model to implement Group 3 commitments, p.409

. .. , Assumptions used for implementing the commitment 6 in NEMESIS, p.412

). .. , Summary of ESIF finance planned by Member state, 2014.

. .. , 419 7.3.12Assumptions used for implementing the commitment 19.1 in NEMESIS, 11Modification of NEMESIS model to implement Group 4 commitments, p.421

, 13The gains for EU economy growth rate compared to the reference scenario, p.432

, 14GDP gains per country for 2040 , in percentages compared to the reference scenario, p.435

, Medium" case of the "Realistic" scenario

, Strengthening the knowledge base and reducing fragmentation

, Getting good ideas to the market

, Governance of innovation. The teams in charge of these work-package and the commitments analysis were: 1. The Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture (TIK) from the University of Oslo, with Fulvio Castellacci and Magnus Gulbrandsen

, with Sonja Radas

, The International Centre for Innovation, Technology and Education Studies (iCite) of the Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management at Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

M. Cincera, V. Maghe, P. Shauchuk, and A. Santos,

, Strong innovators, with a SII between 90% and 120% of the EU average

, Moderate innovators, with a SII between 50 % and 90 % of the EU average

, Modest innovators with a SII below 50% of the EU average

, EIS 2016 does not show any major changes in these "performance group memberships

, What is the financial EU R&I support and how is it financed and spent? 2. What is the total R&I expenditure created by the financial public support of the EU R&I Programme? Is there a crowding-in or crowding-out effect on private or public R&D expenditures?

, OPTIMISTIC" scenario, the 2014-2020 period used the same official data as the "RE-ALISTIC" scenario. After 2020, instead of an increase of the share of ESI funds for R&I from 15% to 20%

, Table 7.3.9 -Summary of ESIF finance planned by Member state, 2014.

C. F. Including, . Eafrd, . Emff, and E. Erdf, Source, 2018.

, Strongly developed innovation systems

, Publicly policy-led innovation systems: France

, For the Group 2 commitments-"Finance, GDP would reach 0.37% in 2040 and 0.69% in 2050, and the gain in EU employment respectively 157,000 and 405,000

, Action to market", the only significant impacts are from commitment 19.1 (Creative industries), those of commitment 19.2 being very limited. Furthermore, commitment 19.2 overlaps with commitment 19.1 so it was removed from the joint assessment. With the commitment 19.1, the impact on EU GDP R&D intensity would be of about 0.030 point leading to an increase of potential EU GDP annual growth rate of 0.016 point. The gains in EU GDP would reach 0.34% in 2040 and 0.50% in 2050 and those in EU total employment respectively +217,000 and +318,000. To summarize, the four groups of commitments would have very significant impacts on the EU innovation system and on the EU economy, R&I Programmes) while the impacts of commitments 24/25 (ESI funds) remain limited due to their weak implementation under the current multiannual financial framework, 2014.

, Increase potential EU GDP annual growth rate by respectively 0.032 point

E. U. Deliver and . Gdp, 2040, ranging from +0.34% (Group 4) to +1.11% (Group 2) and in 2050 from +0.50%

, EU, from +157,000 units, p.2050

, Results for the "Optimistic

, 19), the socioeconomic impacts are necessarily more significant at EU level than in the "Realistic" scenario. The different commitments and groups of commitments could: 1. Increase public research productivity by 33, 4% (Group, vol.1

, Increase the EU GDP R&D intensity by 0.13 point (Group 2), 0.06 point (Group 3) and 0.06 point

, Increase potential EU GDP annual growth rate by 0.066 point

E. U. Deliver and . Gdp, 2040, ranging from +0.56% (Group 3) to +1.49% (Group 2)

, EU, from +331,000 units, p.2050

, The individual impacts of the commitments in the different EU countries and in UK This last section prolongs the analysis of the action of the individual commitments with a focus on the situation in the different EU countries and in the UK. We will limit our comments here to the GDP figures for the "Medium

, Finance" group has the most important impact, and the "Market" group the most immediate results. By contrast, the "Human capital" group takes time to produce economic impacts, but reveal to deeply improve the growth rate of the EU in the long term. However, the progresses are slow -the economic impacts would take additional time to develop -and won't permit to close the gap in R&D intensity between Europe and the world leaders in research and innovation". "Finally, the I3U assessment of the IU did not consider all the progress achieved after the 2007-2008 economic crisis, but only from 2013 onward. If we add the progress measured by the European Innovation Scoreboard since the crisis, we obtain, already in 2018, an increase of 1.1 million jobs and 1.3% rise of EU GDP. We can expect for 2040

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