V. Acuña, Why Should We Care About Temporary Waterways?, Science, vol.343, 2014.

C. M. Aiken and S. A. Navarrete, Environmental fluctuations and asymmetrical -dispersal: generalized stability theory for studying metapopulation persistence and marine protected areas, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.428, p.88, 2011.

C. M. Aiken and S. A. Navarrete, Coexistence of competitors in marine metacommunities: environmental variability, edge effects, and the dispersal niche, Ecology, vol.95, 2014.

F. Altermatt, Diversity in riverine metacommunities: a network perspective, Aquat Ecol, vol.47, p.377, 2013.

F. Altermatt, Interactive effects of disturbance and dispersal directionality on species richness and composition in metacommunities, Ecology, vol.92, p.870, 2011.

T. W. Aspin, Drought intensification drives turnover of structure and function in stream invertebrate communities, Ecography, vol.41, 1992.

T. W. Aspin, Drought intensification alters the composition, body size, and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages in a stream mesocosm experiment, Freshwater Biology, vol.64, p.760, 2019.

E. T. Azeria and J. Kolasa, Nestedness, niche metrics and temporal dynamics of a metacommunity in a dynamic natural model system, Oikos, vol.117, 2008.

G. Bárcenas-moreno, Plant community influence on soil microbial response after a wildfire in Sierra Nevada National Park (Spain). -Science of, The Total Environment, vol.573, 2016.

A. Baselga, Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.19, p.143, 2010.

G. Bell, The Distribution of Abundance in Neutral Communities, The American Naturalist, vol.155, p.617, 2000.

T. D. Bie, Body size and dispersal mode as key traits determining metacommunity structure of aquatic organisms, Ecology Letters, vol.15, p.747, 2012.

D. T. Bilton, Dispersal in Freshwater Invertebrates. -Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.32, p.181, 2001.

M. T. Bogan, Chapter 4.8 -Resistance, Resilience, and Community Recovery in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, pp.349-376, 2017.

N. Bonada, Spatial autocorrelation patterns of stream invertebrates: exogenous and endogenous factors, Journal of Biogeography, vol.39, p.68, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00664481

E. Boulding, Genetic Diversity, Adaptive Potential, and Population Viability in Changing Environments, pp.212-232, 2009.

A. Boulton and P. S. Lake, The ecology of two intermittent streams in Victoria, Australia. -Freshwater Biology, vol.27, p.138, 1992.

A. J. Boulton, Chapter 2.3 -Hydrological Connectivity in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, pp.79-108, 2017.

B. L. Brown and C. M. Swan, Dendritic network structure constrains metacommunity properties in riverine ecosystems, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.79, p.580, 2010.

B. L. Brown, Making sense of metacommunities: dispelling the mythology of a metacommunity typology, vol.1, p.10, 2017.

F. Burel and J. Baudry, Landscape Ecology: Concepts, Methods, and Applications, 2003.

M. Cañedo-argüelles, Dispersal strength determines meta-community structure in a dendritic riverine network, J. Biogeogr, vol.42, p.790, 2015.

P. Cardoso, Partitioning taxon, phylogenetic and functional beta diversity into replacement and richness difference components, Journal of Biogeography, vol.41, p.761, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01587703

J. M. Chase and M. A. Leibold, Ecological Niches: Linking Classical and Contemporary Approaches, 2003.

E. T. Chester and B. J. Robson, Drought refuges, spatial scale and recolonisation by invertebrates in non-perennial streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.56, 2011.

A. Chiarucci, Old and new challenges in using species diversity for assessing biodiversity, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, vol.366, 2011.

S. Clappe, Beyond neutrality: disentangling the effects of species sorting and spurious correlations in community analysis, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325746

R. Corti and T. Datry, Invertebrates and sestonic matter in an advancing wetted front travelling down a dry river bed, 2012.

T. Datry, Broad-scale patterns of invertebrate richness and community composition in temporary rivers: effects of flow intermittence, Ecography, vol.37, pp.94-104, 2014.

T. Datry, Intermittent Rivers: A Challenge for Freshwater Ecology, BioScience, vol.64, p.235, 2014.

T. Datry, A landscape approach to advance intermittent river ecology, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, 2016.

T. Datry, Towards understanding the organisation of metacommunities in highly dynamic ecological systems, Oikos, vol.125, p.159, 2016.

T. Datry, Metacommunity patterns across three Neotropical catchments with varying environmental harshness, drying. -Ecol Evol, vol.61, p.3211, 2016.

T. Datry, Flow intermittence and ecosystem services in rivers of the Anthropocene, Journal of Applied Ecology, vol.55, p.364, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01883365

A. M. Díaz, Biological traits of stream macroinvertebrates from a semi-arid catchment: patterns along complex environmental gradients, Freshwater Biology, vol.53, p.21, 2008.

P. Döll, Risks for the global freshwater system at 1.5\hspace0.167em°C and 2\hspace0.167em°C global warming, Environ. Res. Lett, vol.57, 2018.

W. F. Fagan, Connectivity, Fragmentation, and Extinction Risk in Dendritic Metapopulations, Ecology, vol.83, p.3249, 2002.

D. P. Faith, Conservation evaluation and phylogenetic diversity, Biological Conservation, vol.61, p.10, 1992.

R. Frankham, Loss of genetic diversity reduces ability to adapt, 2017.

K. Fukumori, Disturbance-mediated colonization-extinction dynamics in experimental protist metacommunities, Ecology, vol.96, p.3242, 2015.

R. Gómez, Chapter 3.1 -Water Physicochemistry in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, pp.109-134, 2017.

G. Guillot and F. Rousset, Dismantling the Mantel tests, Methods Ecol Evol, vol.4, p.344, 2013.

J. Heino, A macroecological perspective of diversity patterns in the freshwater realm, Freshwater Biology, vol.56, 2011.

J. Heino, The importance of metacommunity ecology for environmental assessment research in the freshwater realm, Biological Reviews, vol.88, p.178, 2013.

J. Heino and H. Mykrä, Control of stream insect assemblages: roles of spatial configuration and local environmental factors, Ecological Entomology, vol.33, p.622, 2008.

J. Heino and K. T. Tolonen, Ecological drivers of multiple facets of beta diversity in a lentic macroinvertebrate metacommunity, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.62, 2017.

J. Heino, Metacommunity organisation, spatial extent and dispersal in aquatic systems: patterns, processes and prospects, Freshw Biol, vol.60, pp.845-869, 2015.

M. Holyoak, Metacommunities: Spatial Dynamics and Ecological Communities, 2005.

S. Hubbell, The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32), 2001.

G. E. Hutchinson, Concluding Remarks, Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, vol.22, pp.415-427, 1957.

F. Jabot, Assessing metacommunity processes through signatures in spatiotemporal turnover of community composition, p.480335, 2018.

K. L. Jaeger, Chapter 2.1 -Geomorphology and Sediment Regimes of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, vol.42, p.462, 2017.

L. K. Kirkman, Predicting plant species diversity in a longleaf pine landscape, Ecoscience, vol.11, issue.1, pp.80-93, 2004.

J. Lancaster and B. J. Downes, A -Ecology, vol.98, p.575, 2016.

S. T. Larned, Invertebrate and microbial responses to inundation in an ephemeral river reach in New Zealand: effects of preceding dry periods, Aquat. Sci, vol.69, p.567, 2007.

S. T. Larned, Emerging concepts in temporary-river ecology, Freshwater Biology, vol.55, p.738, 2010.

P. Legendre, Spatial Autocorrelation: Trouble or New Paradigm?, Ecology, vol.74, 1993.

P. Legendre and R. Condit, Spatial and temporal analysis of beta diversity in the Barro Colorado Island forest dynamics plot, Panama. -For. Ecosyst, vol.6, p.7, 2019.

C. Leigh, Drought alters the functional stability of stream invertebrate communities through time, 2019.

J. B. Logue, Empirical approaches to metacommunities: a review and comparison with theory, Ecology & Evolution, vol.26, p.491, 2011.

A. J. Lotka, Elements of Physical Biology, 1925.

A. Lowe, Ecological Genetics: Design, Analysis, and Application, 2004.

R. H. Macarthur and E. O. Wilson, The Theory of Island Biogeography, 1967.

P. Marquet, Diversity emerging: Toward a deconstruction of biodiversity patterns. -Frontiers of Biogeography: New Directions in the Geography of Nature, 2004.

T. J. Matthews, Ecological traits reveal functional nestedness of bird communities in habitat islands: a global survey, Oikos, vol.124, p.826, 2015.

R. M. May and P. M. Allen, Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics SMC, vol.887, issue.6, p.887, 1976.

K. Mccann, Weak trophic interactions and the balance of nature, Nature, vol.395, p.798, 1998.

M. Moretti, Modelling the Influence of Change in Fire Regime on the Local Distribution of a Mediterranean Pyrophytic Plant Species (Cistus salviifolius) at Its Northern Range Limit, Journal of Biogeography, vol.33, 2006.

D. Moya, Temporal characterisation of soil-plant natural recovery related to fire severity in burned Pinus halepensis Mill. forests. -Science of, The Total Environment, vol.640, p.51, 2018.

S. Naeem, The Functions of Biological Diversity in an Age of Extinction, Science, vol.336, 2012.

F. M. Nuvoloni, Species Turnover through Time: Colonization and Extinction Dynamics across Metacommunities, The American Naturalist, vol.187, p.796, 2016.

K. A. Palmquist, Scale-dependent responses of longleaf pine vegetation to fire frequency and environmental context across two decades, Journal of Ecology, vol.103, p.1008, 2015.

I. Paz-vinas and S. Blanchet, Dendritic connectivity shapes spatial patterns of genetic diversity: a simulation-based study, J. Evol. Biol, vol.28, p.994, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01445202

, the study of ecological communities. -Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.19, p.184

S. J. Presley, Vertebrate metacommunity structure along an extensive elevational gradient in the tropics: a comparison of bats, rodents and birds, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, pp.968-976, 2012.

M. F. Proctor, Population Fragmentation of Grizzly Bears in Southeastern British Columbia, Canada. -Ursus, vol.13, p.160, 2002.

H. R. Pulliam, Sources, Sinks, and Population Regulation, The American Naturalist, vol.132, p.661, 1988.

R. E. Ricklefs, Disintegration of the ecological community, Am. Nat, vol.172, p.750, 2008.

J. C. Riemann, Functional diversity in a fragmented landscape Habitat alterations affect functional trait composition of frog assemblages in Madagascar, Global Ecology and Conservation, vol.10, p.183, 2017.

B. J. Robson, Pathways for algal recolonization in seasonally-flowing streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.53, 2008.

A. Ruhí, Interpreting beta-diversity components over time to conserve metacommunities in highly dynamic ecosystems, Conservation Biology, vol.31, 2017.

V. S. Saito, Dispersal traits drive the phylogenetic distance decay of similarity in Neotropical stream metacommunities, J. Biogeogr, vol.42, 2015.

R. Sarremejane, Do metacommunities vary through time? Intermittent rivers as model systems, Journal of Biogeography, vol.44, 2017.

D. Schmera, Does isolation influence the relative role of environmental and dispersal-related processes in stream networks? An empirical test of the network position hypothesis using multiple taxa, Freshw Biol, vol.63, p.85, 2018.

A. Shmida and M. V. Wilson, Biological Determinants of Species Diversity. -Journal of Biogeography, vol.12, 1985.

T. W. Smith and J. T. Lundholm, Variation partitioning as a tool to distinguish between niche and neutral processes, Ecography, vol.33, p.655, 2010.

J. Soininen, The distance decay of similarity in ecological communities, Ecography, vol.30, p.12, 2007.

J. Spinoni, Will drought events become more frequent and severe in Europe?, International Journal of Climatology, vol.38, 2018.

E. H. Stanley, Invertebrate Resistance and Resilience to Intermittency in a Desert Stream, The American Midland Naturalist, vol.131, p.300, 1994.

R. C. Stauffer, Haeckel, Darwin, and Ecology, The Quarterly Review of Biology, vol.32, p.144, 1957.

S. R. Strachan, Freshwater Invertebrate Life History Strategies for Surviving Desiccation, Science Reviews, vol.3, p.75, 2015.

R. Stubbington and T. Datry, The macroinvertebrate seedbank promotes community persistence in temporary rivers across climate zones, Freshwater Biology, vol.58, 2013.

C. D. Thomas, Dispersal and extinction in fragmented landscapes, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, vol.267, pp.139-145, 2000.

J. D. Tonkin, Context dependency in biodiversity patterns of central German stream metacommunities, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, 2016.

J. D. Tonkin, Contrasting metacommunity structure and beta diversity in an aquatic-floodplain system, Oikos, vol.125, p.697, 2016.

J. D. Tonkin, Seasonality and predictability shape temporal species diversity, Ecology, vol.98, 2017.

J. D. Tonkin, Flow regime alteration degrades ecological networks in riparian ecosystems, Nature Ecology & Evolution, vol.2, p.86, 2018.

J. D. Tonkin, Metacommunities in river networks: The importance of network structure and connectivity on patterns and processes, Freshw Biol, vol.63, p.5, 2018.

B. M. Tornwall, Manipulation of local environment produces different diversity outcomes depending on location within a river network, Oecologia, vol.184, p.674, 2017.

B. Vanschoenwinkel, Species sorting in space and time the impact of disturbance regime on community assembly in a temporary pool metacommunity, vol.29, 2010.

D. A. Vasseur and J. W. Fox, Environmental fluctuations can stabilize food web dynamics by increasing synchrony, Ecology Letters, vol.10, 2007.

S. Villéger, Decomposing functional -diversity reveals that low functionaldiversity is driven by low functional turnover in European fish assemblages, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.22, p.681, 2013.

V. Volterra, Fluctuations in the Abundance of a Species considered Mathematically, Nature, vol.118, p.560, 1926.

R. V. Vorste, Is drift the primary process promoting the resilience of river invertebrate communities? A manipulative field experiment in an intermittent alluvial river, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01714348

R. H. Whittaker, Evolution and Measurement of Species Diversity, Taxon, vol.21, p.251, 1972.

E. M. Wolkovich, Temporal ecology in the Anthropocene. -Ecology Letters, vol.17, 2014.

S. Zahrádková, Risk assessment of drying up of small streams in the Czech Republic, vol.57, p.16, 2015.

F. Altermatt, Interactive effects of disturbance and dispersal directionality on species richness and composition in metacommunities, Ecology, vol.92, p.870, 2011.

M. J. Anderson, Navigating the multiple meanings of diversity: a roadmap for the practicing ecologist, Ecology Letters, vol.14, p.28, 2011.

D. B. Arscott, Aquatic invertebrate community structure along an intermittence gradient, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.29, p.545, 2010.

T. W. Aspin, Drought intensification drives turnover of structure and function in stream invertebrate communities, Ecography, vol.41, pp.1992-2004, 2018.

D. A. Auerbach and N. L. Poff, Spatiotemporal controls of simulated metacommunity dynamics in dendritic networks, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.30, p.251, 2011.

A. Ermias, T. , and K. Jurek, Nestedness, niche metrics and temporal dynamics of a metacommunity in a dynamic natural model system, Oikos, vol.117, 2008.

M. J. Baeza, Human disturbance and environmental factors as drivers of long-term post-fire regeneration patterns in Mediterranean forests, Journal of Vegetation Science, vol.18, p.252, 2007.

L. A. Bêche, Long-term seasonal variation in the biological traits of benthicmacroinvertebrates in two Mediterranean-climate streams in California, U.S.A. -Freshwater Biology, vol.51, p.75, 2006.

L. Benda, The Network Dynamics Hypothesis: How Channel Networks Structure Riverine Habitats, BioScience, vol.54, pp.413-427, 2004.

K. S. Boersma, Invertebrate assemblages of pools in arid-land streams have high functional redundancy and are resistant to severe drying, Freshwater Biology, vol.59, p.501, 2014.

M. T. Bogan and D. A. Lytle, disparate aquatic insect communities in montane desert streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.52, p.304

M. T. Bogan and K. S. Boersma, Aerial dispersal of aquatic invertebrates along and away from arid-land streams, vol.31, 2012.

F. De-bello, Importance of species abundance for assessment of trait composition: an example based on pollinator communities, Community Ecology, vol.8, p.170, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00281694

N. Bonada, Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and macrohabitat connectivity in Mediterranean-climate streams of northern California, vol.25, p.43, 2006.

N. Bonada, Taxonomic and biological trait differences of stream macroinvertebrate communities between mediterranean and temperate regions: implications for future climatic scenarios, Global Change Biology, vol.13, 2007.

A. J. Boulton, Parallels and contrasts in the effects of drought on stream macroinvertebrate assemblages, Freshwater Biology, vol.48, 2003.

B. L. Brown and C. M. Swan, Dendritic network structure constrains metacommunity properties in riverine ecosystems, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.79, p.580, 2010.

M. Cañedo-argüelles, Dispersal strength determines meta-community structure in a dendritic riverine network, J. Biogeogr, vol.42, p.790, 2015.

P. Cardoso, Partitioning taxon, phylogenetic and functional beta diversity into replacement and richness difference components, Journal of Biogeography, vol.41, p.761, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01587703

P. C. Chanut, Direct and indirect effects of flood regime on macroinvertebrate assemblages in a floodplain riverscape

F. Chevenet, A fuzzy coding approach for the analysis of long-term ecological data, Freshwater Biology, vol.31, pp.295-309, 1994.

T. Datry, Benthic and hyporheic invertebrate assemblages along a flow intermittence gradient: effects of duration of dry events, Freshwater Biology, vol.57, p.574, 2012.

T. Datry, Broad-scale patterns of invertebrate richness and community composition in temporary rivers: effects of flow intermittence, Ecography, vol.37, pp.94-104, 2014.

T. Datry, Towards understanding the organisation of metacommunities in highly dynamic ecological systems, Oikos, vol.125, p.159, 2016.

T. Datry, Flow intermittence and ecosystem services in rivers of the Anthropocene, Journal of Applied Ecology, vol.55, p.364, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01883365

V. J. Debastiani and V. D. Pillar, SYNCSA--R tool for analysis of metacommunities based on functional traits and phylogeny of the community components, Bioinformatics, vol.28, 2012.

J. E. Dell, Interaction Diversity Maintains Resiliency in a Frequently Disturbed Ecosystem. -Front. Ecol. Evol, 2019.

R. B. Del-rosario and V. H. Resh, Invertebrates in intermittent and perennial streams: is the hyporheic zone a refuge from drying?, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.19, p.696, 2000.

B. Descamps-julien and A. Gonzalez, Stable Coexistence in a Fluctuating Environment: An Experimental Demonstration, Ecology, vol.86, 2005.

S. Díaz, Incorporating plant functional diversity effects in ecosystem service assessments, PNAS, vol.104, 2007.

P. Döll and H. M. Schmied, Temporal variability in the spatial and environmental determinants of functional metacommunity organization stream fish in a human-modified landscape, Environ. Res. Lett, vol.7, p.14037, 2012.

N. R. Franssen, Effects of floods on fish assemblages in an intermittent prairie stream, Freshwater Biology, vol.51, p.15, 2006.

V. Gagic, Functional identity and diversity of animals predict ecosystem functioning better than species-based indices, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.282, 2015.

M. Gerisch, Non-random patterns of functional redundancy revealed in ground beetle communities facing an extreme flood event, Functional Ecology, vol.28, 2014.

I. Gounand, Meta-Ecosystems 2.0: Rooting the Theory into the Field, Trends Ecol. Evol. (Amst.), vol.33, pp.36-46, 2018.

C. P. Hawkins, Environmental disturbance can increase beta diversity of stream macroinvertebrate assemblages, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.24, p.494, 2015.

J. Heino, The importance of metacommunity ecology for environmental assessment research in the freshwater realm, Biological Reviews, vol.88, p.178, 2013.

J. Heino and K. T. Tolonen, Ecological drivers of multiple facets of beta diversity in a lentic macroinvertebrate metacommunity. -Limnology and Oceanography 62: 2431 2444. A comprehensive examination of the network position hypothesis across multiple river metacommunities, Ecography, vol.42, p.294, 2017.

M. Holyoak, Metacommunities: Spatial Dynamics and Ecological Communities, 2005.

G. R. Houseman and K. L. Gross, Linking grassland plant diversity to species pools, sorting and plant traits: Species sorting during colonization, Journal of Ecology, pp.464-472, 2011.

F. Jabot, Assessing metacommunity processes through signatures in spatiotemporal turnover of community composition, p.480335, 2019.

K. L. Jaeger, Climate change poised to threaten hydrologic connectivity and endemic fishes in dryland streams, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.111, 2014.

C. K. Jensen, Quantifying spatiotemporal variation in headwater stream length using flow intermittency sensors, Environ Monit Assess, vol.191, p.226, 2019.

L. K. Kirkman, Predicting plant species diversity in a longleaf pine landscape, Ecoscience, vol.11, issue.1, pp.80-93, 2004.

B. Kirtman, Near-term Climate Change: Projections and Predictability, vol.953, p.1028, 2014.

S. T. Larned, Emerging concepts in temporary-river ecology, Freshwater Biology, vol.55, p.738, 2010.

P. Legendre, Interpreting the replacement and richness difference components of beta diversity, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.23, 2014.

P. Legendre and R. Condit, Spatial and temporal analysis of beta diversity in the Barro Colorado Island forest dynamics plot, Panama. -For. Ecosyst, vol.6, p.7, 2019.

C. Leigh, Invertebrate assemblage responses and the dual roles of resistance and resilience to drying in intermittent rivers, Aquat Sci, vol.78, p.301, 2016.

C. Leigh, Drought alters the functional stability of stream invertebrate communities through time, 2019.

Z. Lindo, Traits explain community disassembly and trophic contraction following experimental environmental change, Global Change Biology, vol.18, 2012.

J. Liu, Effects of connectivity, dispersal directionality and functional traits on the metacommunity structure of river benthic diatoms, Journal of Biogeography, vol.40, 2013.

J. B. Logue, Empirical approaches to metacommunities: a review and comparison with theory, Ecology & Evolution, vol.26, p.491, 2011.

I. Lozanovska, Functional diversity assessment in riparian forests Multiple approaches and trends: A review, Ecological Indicators, vol.95, p.793, 2018.

F. Malard, Flood-Pulse and Riverscape Dynamics in a Braided Glacial River, Ecology, vol.87, p.716, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00151397

T. J. Matthews, Ecological traits reveal functional nestedness of bird communities in habitat islands: a global survey, Oikos, vol.124, p.826, 2015.

D. Mouillot, A functional approach reveals community responses to disturbances, Ecology & Evolution, vol.28, p.177, 2013.

R. Muneepeerakul, Patterns of vegetation biodiversity: the roles of dispersal directionality and river network structure, J. Theor. Biol, vol.252, p.229, 2008.

S. Naeem, The Functions of Biological Diversity in an Age of Extinction, Science, vol.336, 2012.

J. Podani and D. Schmera, A new conceptual and methodological framework for exploring and explaining pattern in presence absence data, Oikos, vol.120, 2011.

I. C. Phillipsen and D. A. Lytle, Aquatic insects in a sea of desert: population genetic structure is shaped by limited dispersal in a naturally fragmented landscape, Ecography, vol.36, pp.731-743, 2013.

A. Regos, Wildfire vegetation dynamics affect predictions of climate change impact on bird communities, Ecography, vol.41, p.995, 2018.

R. E. Ricklefs, Disintegration of the Ecological Community: American Society of Naturalists Sewall Wright Award Winner Address, The American Naturalist, vol.172, p.750, 2008.

J. C. Riemann, Functional diversity in a fragmented landscape Habitat alterations affect functional trait composition of frog assemblages in Madagascar, Global Ecology and Conservation, vol.10, p.183, 2017.

M. P. Rocha, Local environment and space drive multiple facets of stream macroinvertebrate beta diversity, Journal of Biogeography, vol.45, 2018.

J. S. Rosenfeld, Functional redundancy in ecology and conservation, Oikos, vol.98, p.162, 2002.

A. Ruhí, Interpreting beta-diversity components over time to conserve metacommunities in highly dynamic ecosystems, Conservation Biology, vol.31, 2017.

R. Sarremejane, Do metacommunities vary through time? Intermittent rivers as model systems, Journal of Biogeography, vol.44, 2017.

R. Sarremejane, Habitat connectivity and dispersal ability drive the assembly mechanisms of macroinvertebrate communities in river networks, Freshwater Biology, vol.62, 2017.

D. Schmera, Does isolation influence the relative role of environmental and dispersal-related processes in stream networks? An empirical test of the network position hypothesis using multiple taxa, Freshw Biol, vol.63, p.85, 2018.

A. Schmidt-kloiber and D. Hering, www.freshwaterecology.info An online tool that unifies, standardises and codifies more than 20,000 European freshwater organisms and their ecological preferences, Ecological Indicators, vol.53, pp.271-282, 2015.

T. A. Schriever, Hydrology shapes taxonomic and functional structure of desert stream invertebrate communities, Freshwater Science, vol.34, pp.399-409, 2015.

J. B. Socolar, How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation? -Trends in, Ecology & Evolution, vol.31, p.80, 2016.

R. Storey, Macroinvertebrate community responses to duration, intensity and timing of annual dry events in intermittent forested and pasture streams, Aquat Sci, vol.78, pp.395-414, 2016.

S. M. Thomaz, Floods increase similarity among aquatic habitats in riverfloodplain systems, 2007.

J. D. Tonkin, Contrasting metacommunity structure and beta diversity in an aquatic-floodplain system, Oikos, vol.125, p.697, 2016.

J. D. Tonkin, Seasonality and predictability shape temporal species diversity, Ecology, vol.98, 2017.

S. Villéger, Decomposing functional -diversity reveals that low functionaldiversity is driven by low functional turnover in European fish assemblages, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.22, p.681, 2013.

R. V. Vorste, Is drift the primary process promoting the resilience of river invertebrate communities? A manipulative field experiment in an intermittent alluvial river, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01714348

R. V. Vorste, Invertebrate communities in gravel-bed, braided rivers are highly resilient to flow intermittence, vol.35, p.177, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01691540

E. M. Wolkovich, Temporal ecology in the Anthropocene. -Ecology Letters, vol.17, 2014.

, Appendix 3.6. Relation between functional richness and taxonomic richness (right) with a saturation curve

A. Baselga, Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.19, p.143, 2010.

A. Baselga, D. Orme, S. Villeger, J. D. Bortoli, F. Leprieur et al., betapart: Partitioning Beta Diversity into Turnover and Nestedness Components. Functional responses of aquatic macroinvertebrates to flow regulation are shaped by natural flow intermittence in Mediterranean streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.64, 2018.

A. P. Bertoncin, S. Pinha, G. D. Baumgartner, M. T. Mormul, and R. P. , Extreme drought events can promote homogenization of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in a floodplain pond in Brazil, Hydrobiologia, vol.826, p.393, 2019.

D. T. Bilton, J. R. Freeland, and B. Okamura, Dispersal in Freshwater Invertebrates, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.32, p.181, 2001.

K. S. Boersma, M. T. Bogan, B. A. Henrichs, and D. A. Lytle, Invertebrate assemblages of pools in arid-land streams have high functional redundancy and are resistant to severe drying, Freshwater Biology, vol.59, p.501, 2014.

M. T. Bogan, K. S. Boersma, and D. A. Lytle, Flow intermittency alters longitudinal patterns of invertebrate diversity and assemblage composition in an arid-land stream network, Freshwater Biology, vol.58, 2013.

M. T. Bogan, E. T. Chester, T. Datry, A. L. Murphy, B. J. Robson et al., , 2017.

, Resilience, and Community Recovery in IRs and Ephemeral Streams, pp.349-376

M. T. Bogan, J. L. Hwan, K. Cervantes-yoshida, J. Ponce, and S. M. Carlson, Aquatic invertebrate communities exhibit both resistance and resilience to seasonal drying in an intermittent coastal stream, Hydrobiologia, vol.799, p.133, 2017.

,

N. Bonada, M. Rieradevall, and N. Prat, Macroinvertebrate community structure and biological traits related to flow permanence in a Mediterranean river network, Hydrobiologia, vol.589, p.106, 2007.

N. Bonada, S. M. Carlson, T. Datry, D. S. Finn, C. Leigh et al., Chapter 4.10 -Genetic, Evolutionary, and Biogeographical Processes in IRs and Ephemeral, p.134, 2017.

, The ecology of two intermittent streams in Victoria, Australia. Freshwater Biology, vol.27, p.138, 1992.

A. J. Boulton, Parallels and contrasts in the effects of drought on stream macroinvertebrate assemblages, Freshwater Biology, vol.48, p.1185, 2003.

,

J. M. Chase, Drought mediates the importance of stochastic community assembly, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, 2007.

E. T. Chester and B. J. Robson, Drought refuges, spatial scale and recolonisation by invertebrates in non-perennial streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.56, 2011.

R. Corti, T. Datry, L. Drummond, and S. T. Larned, Natural variation in immersion and emersion affects breakdown and invertebrate colonization of leaf litter in a temporary river, Aquatic Sciences, vol.73, 2011.

J. Crabot, J. Heino, and B. Launay, & Datry T. Submitted to Ecography. Drying determines the temporal dynamics of stream invertebrate structural and functional beta diversity

T. Datry, S. T. Larned, and M. R. Scarsbrook, Responses of hyporheic invertebrate assemblages to large-scale variation in flow permanence and surface subsurface exchange, Freshwater Biology, vol.52, 2007.

T. Datry, Benthic and hyporheic invertebrate assemblages along a flow intermittence gradient: effects of duration of dry events, Freshwater Biology, vol.57, p.574, 2012.

T. Datry, S. T. Larned, K. M. Fritz, M. T. Bogan, P. J. Wood et al., Broadscale patterns of invertebrate richness and community composition in temporary rivers: effects of flow intermittence, Ecography, vol.37, p.104, 2014.

T. Datry, S. T. Larned, and K. Tockner, IRs: A Challenge for Freshwater Ecology, BioScience, vol.64, p.235, 2014.

T. Datry, A. S. Melo, N. Moya, J. Zubieta, E. De-la-barra et al., , 2016.

, Metacommunity patterns across three Neotropical catchments with varying environmental harshness, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, p.292

,

C. Republic, International Review of Hydrobiology, vol.92

, Ephemeroptera) taxocenes of permanent and intermittent Central European small streams via species traits, Biologia, vol.65, p.729

. R-core-team, R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2017.

B. J. Robson, T. G. Matthews, P. R. Lind, and N. A. Thomas, Pathways for algal recolonization in seasonally-flowing streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.53, 2008.

B. J. Robson, E. T. Chester, and C. M. Austin, Why life history information matters: drought refuges and macroinvertebrate persistence in non-perennial streams subject to a drier climate, Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.62, p.810, 2011.

A. Ruhí, T. Datry, and J. L. Sabo, Interpreting beta-diversity components over time to conserve metacommunities in highly dynamic ecosystems, Conservation Biology, vol.31, 2017.

A. N. Santos and R. D. Stevenson, Comparison of Macroinvertebrate Diversity and Community Structure among Perennial and Non-Perennial Headwater Streams, Northeastern Naturalist, vol.18, p.26, 2011.

T. A. Schriever, M. T. Bogan, K. S. Boersma, M. Cañedo-argüelles, K. L. Jaeger et al., Hydrology shapes taxonomic and functional structure of desert stream invertebrate communities, Freshwater Science, vol.34, p.409, 2015.

,

T. A. Schriever and D. A. Lytle, Convergent diversity and trait composition in temporary streams and ponds, vol.7, 2016.

J. P. Smol and M. S. Douglas, Crossing the final ecological threshold in high Arctic ponds, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, 2007.

J. B. Socolar, J. J. Gilroy, W. E. Kunin, and D. P. Edwards, How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation? Trends in Ecology & Evolution 31, vol.67, p.80, 2016.

M. Soria, C. Leigh, T. Datry, L. M. Bini, and N. Bonada, Biodiversity in perennial and IRs: a meta-analysis, Oikos, vol.126, 2017.

J. Spinoni, J. V. Vogt, G. Naumann, P. Barbosa, and A. Dosio, Will drought events become more frequent and severe in Europe?, International Journal of Climatology, vol.38, 2018.

E. H. Stanley, D. L. Buschman, A. J. Boulton, N. B. Grimm, and S. G. Fisher, Invertebrate Resistance and Resilience to Intermittency in a Desert Stream, The American Midland Naturalist, vol.131, p.300, 1994.

B. Statzner, K. Hoppenhaus, M. Arens, and P. Richoux, Reproductive traits, habitat use and templet theory: a synthesis of world-wide data on aquatic insects, Freshwater Biology, vol.38, p.135, 1997.

S. R. Strachan, E. T. Chester, and B. J. Robson, Freshwater Invertebrate Life History Strategies for Surviving Desiccation, Science Reviews, vol.3, p.75, 2015.

R. Stubbington and T. Datry, The macroinvertebrate seedbank promotes community persistence in temporary rivers across climate zones, Freshwater Biology, vol.58, 2013.

S. Rachel, E. Judy, W. Paul, J. Sefton-catherine, and E. M. , Temporary streams in temperate zones: recognizing, monitoring and restoring Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water 4, e1223, 2017.

R. Stubbington, M. T. Bogan, N. Bonada, A. J. Boulton, T. Datry et al., , 2017.

, The Biota of IRs and Ephemeral Streams: Aquatic Invertebrates, pp.217-243

R. Stubbington, A. Paillex, J. England, A. Barthès, A. Bouchez et al., A comparison of biotic groups as dry-phase indicators of ecological quality in IRs and ephemeral streams, Ecological Indicators, vol.97, p.174, 2019.

,

H. Tachet, ) que, biologie, écologie, 2010.

L. M. Tronstad, B. P. Tronstad, and A. C. Benke, Invertebrate seedbanks: rehydration of soil from an unregulated river floodplain in the south-eastern, Freshwater Biology, vol.50, p.655, 2005.

H. A. Van-lanen, G. Laaha, D. G. Kingston, T. Gauster, M. Ionita et al., Hydrology needed to manage droughts: the 2015 European case, Hydrological Processes, vol.30, pp.3097-3104, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01528779

T. W. Aspin, Drought intensification alters the composition, body size, and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages in a stream mesocosm experiment, Freshwater Biology, vol.64, p.760, 2019.

A. Astorga, Distance decay of similarity in freshwater communities: do macroand microorganisms follow the same rules?, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, p.375, 2012.

R. I. Bailey, Large body size constrains dispersal assembly of communities even across short distances, vol.8, p.10911, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01861277

A. Baselga, Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.19, p.143, 2010.

T. D. Bie, Body size and dispersal mode as key traits determining metacommunity structure of aquatic organisms, Ecology Letters, vol.15, p.747, 2012.

D. T. Bilton, Dispersal in Freshwater Invertebrates. -Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.32, p.181, 2001.

B. L. Brown and C. M. Swan, Dendritic network structure constrains metacommunity properties in riverine ecosystems, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.79, p.580, 2010.

H. H. Bruun and P. Poschlod, Why are small seeds dispersed through animal guts: large numbers or seed size per se, Oikos, vol.113, p.411, 2006.

S. Buckingham, Effects of fire severity on the composition and functional traits of litter-dwelling macroinvertebrates in a temperate forest, Forest Ecology and Management, vol.434, p.288, 2019.

M. Cañedo-argüelles, Dispersal strength determines meta-community structure in a dendritic riverine network, J. Biogeogr, vol.42, p.790, 2015.

T. Datry, Towards understanding the organisation of metacommunities in highly dynamic ecological systems, Oikos, vol.125, p.159, 2016.

L. Fahrig and G. Merriam, Conservation of Fragmented Populations. -Conservation Biology 8: 50 59. Processes structuring macrophyte metacommunities in Mediterranean ponds: Combining novel methods to disentangle the role of dispersal limitation, species sorting and spatial scales, Journal of Biogeography, vol.46, p.656, 1994.

F. Guichard, Recent advances in metacommunities and meta-ecosystem theories, 2017.

J. Heino, The importance of metacommunity ecology for environmental assessment research in the freshwater realm, Biological Reviews, vol.88, p.178, 2013.

J. Heino, Metacommunity organisation, spatial extent and dispersal in aquatic systems: patterns, processes and prospects, Freshw Biol, vol.60, pp.845-869, 2015.

D. G. Jenkins, Does size matter for dispersal distance?, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.16, p.425, 2007.

J. M. Kneitel and T. E. Miller, Dispersal rates affect species composition in metacommunities of Sarracenia purpurea inquilines, Am. Nat, vol.162, p.171, 2003.

M. E. Ledger, Impact of simulated drought on ecosystem biomass production: an experimental test in stream mesocosms, Global Change Biology, vol.17, 2011.

P. Legendre and M. De-cáceres, Beta diversity as the variance of community data: dissimilarity coefficients and partitioning, Ecol Lett, vol.16, p.963, 2013.

M. A. Leibold, The metacommunity concept: a framework for multi-scale community ecology, Ecology Letters, vol.7, p.613, 2004.

R. H. Macarthur and E. O. Wilson, The Theory of Island Biogeography, 1967.

K. H. Macneale, Stable isotopes identify dispersal patterns of stonefly populations living along stream corridors, Freshwater Biology, vol.50, 2005.

B. Malmqvist, Aquatic invertebrates in riverine landscapes, Freshwater Biology, vol.47, p.694, 2002.

J. M. Orlofske and D. J. Baird, Incorporating continuous trait variation into biomonitoring assessments by measuring and assigning trait values to individuals or taxa, Freshwater Biology, vol.59, p.490, 2014.

S. J. Presley, Vertebrate metacommunity structure along an extensive elevational gradient in the tropics: a comparison of bats, rodents and birds, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, pp.968-976, 2012.

W. J. Resetarits, Colonization under threat of predation: avoidance of fish by an aquatic beetle, Tropisternus lateralis (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae), Oecologia, vol.129, p.160, 2001.

A. Ruhí, Interpreting beta-diversity components over time to conserve metacommunities in highly dynamic ecosystems, Conservation Biology, vol.31, 2017.

J. B. Shurin, Spatial autocorrelation and dispersal limitation in freshwater organisms, Oecologia, vol.159, pp.151-159, 2009.

M. B. Soons, Small seed size increases the potential for dispersal of wetland plants by ducks, Journal of Ecology, vol.96, pp.619-627, 2008.

J. Vagvolgyi, Body Size, Aerial Dispersal, and Origin of the Pacific Land Snail Fauna, Systematic Zoology, vol.24, p.488, 1975.

, Références model. -Landscape and Urban Planning, vol.64, p.247

M. Agüero-pelegrín and M. Ferreras-romero, The life cycle of Guadalgenus franzi (Aubert, 1963) (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) in the Sierra Morena Mountains, 2002.

, Semivoltinism in seasonal streams of the Mediterranean basin, Aquatic Insects, vol.24, p.245

M. Alp, How river structure and biological traits influence gene flow: a population genetic study of two stream invertebrates with differing dispersal abilities, Freshwater Biology, vol.57, pp.969-981, 2012.

F. Altermatt and E. A. Fronhofer, Dispersal in dendritic networks: Ecological consequences on the spatial distribution of population densities, Freshw Biol, vol.63, p.32, 2018.

J. Arnoldi, The inherent multidimensionality of temporal variability: how common and rare species shape stability patterns, Ecology Letters, vol.22, pp.1557-1567, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02331167

D. B. Arscott, Aquatic invertebrate community structure along an intermittence gradient, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.29, p.545, 2010.

A. Astorga, Distance decay of similarity in freshwater communities: do macro-and microorganisms follow the same rules?, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, p.375, 2012.

R. C. Bailey, Bioassessment of freshwater ecosystems using the Reference Condition Approach: comparing established and new methods with common data sets, vol.33, 2014.

I. Ball, Marxan and relatives: Software for spatial conservation prioritization -UQ eSpace, Spatial conservation prioritisation: Quantitative methods and computational tools, pp.185-195, 2009.

L. A. Bêche, Long-term seasonal variation in the biological traits of benthicmacroinvertebrates in two Mediterranean-climate streams in California, U.S.A. -Freshwater Biology, vol.51, p.75, 2006.

M. Beger, Incorporating asymmetric connectivity into spatial decision making for conservation, Conservation Letters, vol.3, p.368, 2010.

D. T. Bilton, Dispersal in Freshwater Invertebrates. -Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.32, p.181, 2001.

K. S. Boersma and D. A. Lytle, Overland dispersal and drought-escape behavior in a flightless aquatic insect, Abedus herberti (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae). -swna 59, vol.301, p.302, 2014.

M. T. Bogan and K. S. Boersma, Aerial dispersal of aquatic invertebrates along and away from arid-land streams, vol.31, 2012.

N. Bonada, Taxonomic and biological trait differences of stream macroinvertebrate communities between mediterranean and temperate regions: implications for future climatic scenarios, Global Change Biology, vol.13, 2007.

N. Bonada, Macroinvertebrate community structure and biological traits related to flow permanence in a Mediterranean river network, Hydrobiologia, vol.589, pp.91-106, 2007.

B. L. Brown and C. M. Swan, Dendritic network structure constrains metacommunity properties in riverine ecosystems, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.79, p.580, 2010.

M. Cañedo-argüelles, Dispersal strength determines meta-community structure in a dendritic riverine network, J. Biogeogr, vol.42, p.790, 2015.

S. Cauvy-fraunié, Invertebrate Metacommunity Structure and Dynamics in an Andean Glacial Stream Network Facing Climate Change, PLOS ONE, vol.10, p.136793, 2015.

A. Chaput-bardy, Modelling the effect of in-stream and overland dispersal on gene flow in river networks, Ecological Modelling, vol.220, p.3598, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735519

M. R. Christie and L. L. Knowles, Habitat corridors facilitate genetic resilience irrespective of species dispersal abilities or population sizes, Evolutionary Applications, vol.8, pp.454-463, 2015.

N. Cid, A biological tool to assess flow connectivity in reference temporary streams from the Mediterranean Basin, Science of The Total Environment, vol.540, p.190, 2016.

C. Coleine, Sampling strategies to assess microbial diversity of Antarctic cryptoendolithic communities, p.676775, 2019.

, CORDIS (Community Research and Development Information Service) 2015. MIRAGE Project ID: 211732 Mediterranean Intermittent River Management

M. R. Cover, Life History, Burrowing Behavior, and Distribution of Neohermes filicornis (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), a Long-Lived Aquatic Insect in Intermittent Streams, vol.75, p.490, 2015.

T. Datry, Benthic and hyporheic invertebrate assemblages along a flow intermittence gradient: effects of duration of dry events, Freshwater Biology, vol.57, p.574, 2012.

T. Datry, Determinants of local and regional communities in intermittent and perennial headwaters of the Bolivian Amazon, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, pp.1335-1349, 2016.

T. Datry, Towards understanding the organisation of metacommunities in highly dynamic ecological systems, drying. -Ecol Evol, vol.125, p.3211, 2016.

D. H. Douglas, Least-cost Path in GIS Using an Accumulated Cost Surface and Slopelines. -Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization in press, 2006.

, /60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 Establishing a Framework for Community Action in the Field of Water Policy, 2000.

W. F. Fagan, Connectivity, Fragmentation, and Extinction Risk in Dendritic Metapopulations, Ecology, vol.83, p.3249, 2002.

D. S. Finn, Small but mighty: headwaters are vital to stream network biodiversity at two levels of organization. -jnbs 30: 963 980. Inter-annual variability in amphibian assemblages: implications for diversity assessment and conservation, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, vol.20, p.677, 2011.

E. H. Grant, Living in the branches: population dynamics and ecological processes in dendritic networks, Ecology Letters, vol.10, p.175, 2007.

M. Grönroos, Metacommunity structuring in stream networks: roles of dispersal mode, distance type, and regional environmental context, Ecol Evol, vol.3, p.4487, 2013.

J. Heino, Metacommunity organisation, spatial extent and dispersal in aquatic systems: patterns, processes and prospects, Freshw Biol, vol.60, pp.845-869, 2015.

V. Hermoso, Prioritizing refugia for freshwater biodiversity conservation in highly seasonal ecosystems, Diversity and Distributions, vol.19, 2013.

J. M. Hughes, Constraints on recovery: using molecular methods to study connectivity of aquatic biota in rivers and streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.52, p.631, 2007.

J. M. Hughes, Genes in Streams: Using DNA to Understand the Movement of Freshwater Fauna and Their Riverine Habitat, BioScience, vol.59, p.583, 2009.

O. Kärnä, Inferring the effects of potential dispersal routes on the metacommunity structure of stream insects: as the crow flies, as the fish swims or as the fox runs, J Anim Ecol, vol.84, pp.1342-1353, 2015.

H. Kong, Spatio-temporal variation of fish taxonomic composition in a South-East Asian flood-pulse system, PLOS ONE, vol.12, p.174582, 2017.

P. Legendre and L. Legendre, Numerical Ecology, vol.24, 2012.

P. Legendre and M. De-cáceres, Beta diversity as the variance of community data: dissimilarity coefficients and partitioning, Ecol Lett, vol.16, p.963, 2013.

C. Leigh, Invertebrate assemblage responses and the dual roles of resistance and resilience to drying in intermittent rivers, Aquat Sci, vol.78, p.301, 2016.

C. Leigh, Drought alters the functional stability of stream invertebrate communities through time, 2019.

D. A. Lytle and N. L. Poff, Adaptation to natural flow regimes, Trends Ecol. Evol. (Amst.), vol.19, pp.94-100, 2004.

K. H. Macneale, Stable isotopes identify dispersal patterns of stonefly populations living along stream corridors, Freshwater Biology, vol.50, 2005.

B. Malmqvist, Aquatic invertebrates in riverine landscapes, Freshwater Biology, vol.47, p.694, 2002.

S. Manel, Perspectives on the use of landscape genetics to detect genetic adaptive variation in the field, Mol. Ecol, vol.19, p.3772, 2010.

W. J. Matthews, Patterns in Freshwater Fish Ecology, 1998.

B. H. Mcrae, Isolation by Resistance, Evolution, vol.60, pp.1551-1561, 2006.

M. B. Morrissey and D. T. De-kerckhove, The maintenance of genetic variation due to asymmetric gene flow in dendritic metapopulations, Am. Nat, vol.174, p.889, 2009.

R. Muneepeerakul, Neutral metacommunity models predict fish diversity patterns in Mississippi Missouri basin, Nature, vol.453, p.222, 2008.

A. A. Padial, Dispersal Ability Determines the Role of Environmental, Spatial and Temporal Drivers of Metacommunity Structure. -PLOS ONE, vol.9, 2014.

I. Paz-vinas and S. Blanchet, Dendritic connectivity shapes spatial patterns of genetic diversity: a simulation-based study, J. Evol. Biol, vol.28, p.994, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01445202

N. Prat, The Mirage Toolbox: An Integrated Assessment Tool for Temporary Streams. -River Research and Applications, vol.30, 2014.

S. J. Presley, Vertebrate metacommunity structure along an extensive elevational gradient in the tropics: a comparison of bats, rodents and birds, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, pp.968-976, 2012.

J. G. Prunier, The relative contribution of river network structure and anthropogenic stressors to spatial patterns of genetic diversity in two freshwater fishes: A multiple-stressors approach, Freshwater Biology, vol.63, p.21, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01764118

R. B. Rader, Connectivity of two species with contrasting dispersal abilities: a test of the isolated tributary hypothesis, vol.38, p.155, 2019.

E. Razeng, A potential role for overland dispersal in shaping aquatic invertebrate communities in arid regions, Ecological Complexity, vol.28, p.199, 2016.

M. M. Sánchez-montoya, Defining criteria to select reference sites in Mediterranean streams, Hydrobiologia, vol.619, p.39, 2008.

R. Sarremejane, Do metacommunities vary through time? Intermittent rivers as model systems, Journal of Biogeography, vol.44, 2017.

F. Schneck, Effects of a natural flood disturbance on species richness and beta diversity of stream benthic diatom communities, Aquat Ecol, vol.51, p.569, 2017.

M. Seymour and F. Altermatt, Active colonization dynamics and diversity patterns are influenced by dendritic network connectivity and species interactions, Ecology and Evolution, vol.4, 2014.

N. R. Simões, Floods control the influence of environmental gradients on the diversity of zooplankton communities in a neotropical floodplain, Aquat Sci, vol.75, p.617, 2013.

M. Slarkin, Gene Flow in Natural Populations. -Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.16, p.430, 1985.

A. Storfer, Landscape genetics: where are we now?, Molecular Ecology, vol.19, p.3514, 2010.

R. Stubbington and T. Datry, The macroinvertebrate seedbank promotes community persistence in temporary rivers across climate zones, Freshwater Biology, vol.58, 2013.

R. Stubbington, Chapter 4.3 -The Biota of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Aquatic Invertebrates, Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, pp.217-243, 2017.

R. Stubbington, Biomonitoring of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams in Europe: Current practice and priorities to enhance ecological status assessments, Sci. Total Environ, vol.618, p.1113, 1096.

J. D. Tonkin, Seasonality and predictability shape temporal species diversity, Ecology, vol.98, 2017.

J. D. Tonkin, The role of dispersal in river network metacommunities: Patterns, processes, and pathways, Freshw Biol, vol.63, p.163, 2018.

J. D. Tonkin, Do latitudinal gradients exist in New Zealand stream invertebrate metacommunities?, PeerJ, vol.6, p.4898, 2018.

, Life TRivers: Implementing the Water Framework Directive to Temporary Rivers LIFE13/ENV, TRivers, 2014.

D. S. Viana and J. M. Chase, Spatial scale modulates the inference of metacommunity assembly processes, Ecology, vol.100, p.2576, 2019.

N. S. Whiterod, Spatial and temporal variability in fish community structure in Mediterranean climate temporary streams, Fundamental and Applied Limnology, vol.135, p.150, 2015.

K. R. Wilcox, Asynchrony among local communities stabilises ecosystem function of metacommunities, Ecology Letters, vol.20, 2017.

K. Zeller, Estimating landscape resistance to movement: A review, Landscape Ecology in Review, 2012.

J. M. Zickovich and A. J. Bohonak, Dispersal ability and genetic structure in aquatic invertebrates: a comparative study in southern California streams and reservoirs, Freshwater Biology, vol.52, 2007.

A. Astorga, J. Oksanen, M. Luoto, J. Soininen, R. Virtanen et al., Distance decay of similarity in freshwater communities: do macro-and microorganisms follow the same rules?, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, p.375, 2012.

D. Bauman, T. Drouet, M. J. Fortin, and S. Dray, Optimizing the choice of a spatial weighting matrix in eigenvector-based methods, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325729

A. D. Cliff and J. K. Ord, Spatial Processes: Models & Applications. Pion, 1981.

J. A. Diniz-filho, L. M. Bini, and B. A. Hawkins, Spatial autocorrelation and red herrings in geographical ecology, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.12, p.64, 2003.

S. Dray, G. Blanchet, D. Borcard, G. Guenard, T. Jombart et al., adespatial: Multivariate Multiscale Spatial Analysis, 2016.

S. Dray, P. Legendre, and P. R. Peres-neto, Spatial modelling: a comprehensive framework for principal coordinate analysis of neighbour matrices (PCNM), Ecological Modelling, vol.196, p.493, 1934.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00427943

S. Dray and A. Dufour, The ade4 Package: Implementing the Duality Diagram for Ecologists, Journal of Statistical Software, vol.22, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00434575

, Linear Regression Problem, Geographical Analysis, vol.43, issue.2, p.141

S. Dray, R. Pélissier, P. Couteron, M. Fortin, P. Legendre et al.,

H. H. , Community ecology in the age of multivariate multiscale spatial analysis, Ecological Monographs, vol.82, issue.3, p.275, 2012.

J. Dufour, , 2006.

, Monte Carlo tests with nuisance parameters: a general approach to finite-sample inference and nonstandard asymptotics, Journal of Econometrics, vol.133, issue.2, p.477

E. W. Duncan, N. M. White, and K. Mengersen, Spatial smoothing in Bayesian models: a comparison of weights matrix specifications and their impact on inference, International Journal of Health Geographics, vol.16, p.47, 2017.

B. Gilbert and J. R. Bennett, Partitioning variation in ecological communities: do the numbers add up, Journal of Applied Ecology, vol.47, 2010.

N. J. Gotelli and D. J. Mccabe, Species Co-Occurrence: A Meta-Analysis of, J. M. Ecology, p.83, 2002.

J. C. Gower, A Q-Technique for the Calculation of Canonical Variates, Biometrika, vol.588, p.590, 1966.

G. Guillot and F. Rousset, Dismantling the Mantel tests, Methods in Ecology and Evolution, vol.4, p.344, 2013.

G. Guillot, R. Vitalis, A. Rouzic, . Le, and M. Gautier, Detecting correlation between allele frequencies and environmental variables as a signature of selection. A fast computational approach for genome-wide studies, Spatial Statistics, vol.8, p.155, 2014.

S. H. Hurlbert, Pseudoreplication and the Design of Ecological Field Experiments, Ecological Monographs, vol.187, p.211, 1984.

M. M. Jones, H. Tuomisto, D. B. Clark, and P. Olivas, Effects of mesoscale environmental heterogeneity and dispersal limitation on floristic variation in rain forest ferns, Journal of Ecology, vol.94, p.195, 2006.

P. Legendre and M. Fortin, Comparison of the Mantel test and alternative approaches for detecting complex multivariate relationships in the spatial analysis of genetic data, Molecular Ecology Resources, vol.10, p.844, 2010.

P. Legendre, M. Fortin, and D. Borcard, Should the Mantel test be used in spatial analysis?, Methods in Ecology and Evolution, vol.6, 2015.

P. Legendre and L. Legendre, Numerical Ecology, vol.24, 1998.

S. Manel, S. Joost, B. K. Epperson, R. Holderegger, A. Storfer et al., Perspectives on the use of landscape genetics to detect genetic adaptive variation in the field, Molecular Ecology, vol.3760, p.3772, 2010.

N. Mantel, The Detection of Disease Clustering and a Generalized Regression Approach, Cancer Research, vol.209, issue.220, p.27, 1967.

P. G. Meirmans, The trouble with isolation by distance, Molecular Ecology, vol.21, 2012.

C. Moritz, C. N. Meynard, V. Devictor, K. Guizien, C. Labrune et al., Disentangling the role of connectivity, environmental filtering, and spatial structure on metacommunity dynamics, Oikos, p.122, 2013.

J. C. Nekola and P. S. White, The distance decay of similarity in biogeography and ecology, Journal of Biogeography, vol.26, p.878, 1999.

N. L. Oden and R. R. Sokal, An investigation of three-matrix permutation tests, Journal of Classification, vol.9, p.290, 1992.

J. Oksanen, F. G. Blanchet, M. Friendly, R. Kindt, P. Legendre et al., , 2017.

N. Raufaste and F. Rousset, Are partial Mantel tests adequate? Evolution, vol.55, pp.1703-1705, 2016.

. R-core-team, R: The R Project for Statistical Computing, 2016.

J. L. Richardson, S. P. Brady, I. J. Wang, and S. F. Spear, Navigating the pitfalls and promise of landscape genetics, Molecular Ecology, vol.849, p.863, 2016.

F. Rousset and J. Ferdy, Testing environmental and genetic effects in the presence of spatial autocorrelation, Ecography, vol.37, issue.8, p.790, 2014.

A. S. Santos, D. D. Saraiva, S. C. Müller, and G. E. Overbeck, Interactive effects of environmental filtering predict beta-diversity patterns in a subtropical forest metacommunity, Perspectives in Plant Ecology, vol.17, p.106, 2015.

V. S. Saito, J. Soininen, A. A. Fonseca-gessner, and T. Siqueira, Dispersal traits drive the phylogenetic distance decay of similarity in Neotropical stream metacommunities, Journal of Biogeography, vol.42, issue.11, p.2111, 2015.

A. B. Shafer and J. B. Wolf, Widespread evidence for incipient ecological speciation: a meta-analysis of isolation-by-ecology, Ecology Letters, vol.940, p.950, 2013.

T. W. Smith and J. T. Lundholm, Variation partitioning as a tool to distinguish between niche and neutral processes, Ecography, vol.648, p.655, 2010.

P. E. Smouse, J. C. Long, and R. R. Sokal, Multiple Regression and Correlation Extensions of the Mantel Test of Matrix Correspondence, Systematic Biology, vol.627, p.632, 1986.

R. R. Sokal and N. L. Oden, Spatial autocorrelation in biology: 1, Methodology. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol.10, 1978.

S. Stakhovych and T. H. Bijmolt, Specification of spatial models: A simulation study on weights matrices, Papers in Regional Science, vol.88, issue.2, p.408, 2009.

A. Storfer, M. A. Murphy, S. F. Spear, R. Holderegger, and L. P. Waits, Landscape genetics: where are we now?, Molecular Ecology, vol.19, p.3514, 2010.

W. S. Torgerson, Theory and methods of scaling, 1958.

H. Tuomisto, G. M. Moulatlet, H. Balslev, T. Emilio, F. O. Figueiredo et al., A compositional turnover zone of biogeographical magnitude within lowland Amazonia, Journal of Biogeography, vol.43, issue.12, p.2411, 2016.

G. J. Upton and B. Fingleton, Spatial Data Analysis by Example: Point pattern and quantitative data, 1985.

H. H. Wagner and S. Dray, Generating spatially constrained null models for irregularly spaced data using Moran spectral randomization methods, Methods in Ecology and Evolution, vol.6, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02018998