C. Meirhaeghe and H. Bewa, Evaluation de la disponibilité et de l'accessibilité de fibres végétales à usages matériaux en France', Étude FRD subventionnée par l'ADEME, 2011.

J. Ehlbeck and H. J. Larsen, Eurocode 5-Design of timber structures: Joints, pp.9-23, 1993.

L. Arnaud, S. Amziane, L. Arnaud, and N. Challamel, Bio-aggregate-based Building Materials, 2013.

B. Haba, B. Agoudjil, A. Boudenne, and K. Benzarti, Hygric properties and thermal conductivity of a new insulation material for building based on date palm concrete, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.154, pp.963-971, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01646584

S. Dartois, S. Mom, H. Dumontet, and A. Ben-hamida, An iterative micromechanical modeling to estimate the thermal and mechanical properties of polydisperse composites with platy particles: Application to anisotropic hemp and lime concretes, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.152, pp.661-671, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01579431

M. Chabannes, F. Becquart, E. Garcia-diaz, N. E. Abriak, and L. Clerc, Experimental investigation of the shear behaviour of hemp and rice husk-based concretes using triaxial compression, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.143, pp.621-632, 2017.

M. Premrov and M. Kuhta, Influence of fasteners disposition on behaviour of timberframed walls with single fibre-plaster sheathing boards, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.23, issue.7, pp.2688-2693, 2009.

W. Y. Loo, P. Quenneville, and N. Chouw, A numerical study of the seismic behaviour of timber shear walls with slip-friction connectors, Eng. Struct, vol.34, pp.233-243, 2012.

A. A. Myburg, S. Lev-yadun, and R. R. Sederoff, Xylem structure and function', eLS, 2001.

D. Schröter, Ecosystem service supply and vulnerability to global change in Europe, p.80, 2005.

T. E. Dawson, Water sources of plants as determined from xylem-water isotopic composition: perspectives on plant competition, distribution, and water relations', in Stable isotopes and plant carbon-water relations, pp.465-496, 1993.

R. Valentini, Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests, Nature, vol.404, issue.6780, p.861, 2000.

P. Sassi, Strategies for sustainable architecture, 2006.

&. Bsi and . Bs-en-338, Structural timber-Strength classes'. BSI, 2009.

R. A. Ananías, J. Ulloa, D. M. Elustondo, C. Salinas, P. Rebolledo et al., Energy consumption in industrial drying of radiata pine, Dry. Technol, vol.30, issue.7, pp.774-779, 2012.

J. P. Lindberg and J. Tana, Best Available Techniques (BAT) in solid biomass fuel processing, handling, storage and production of pellets from biomass. Nordic Council of Ministers, 2012.

D. J. Ridley-ellis, J. R. Moore, A. J. Lyon, G. J. Searles, and B. A. Gardiner, STRATEGIC INTEGRATED RESEARCH IN TIMBER: GETTING THE MOST OUT OF THE UK'S TIMBER RESOURCE, 11th International Conference on Nonconventional Materials and Technologies, 2009.

C. Arya, Design of structural elements: concrete, steelwork, masonry and timber designs to British standards and Eurocodes, 2015.

R. Peter, G. Downes, and A. Lawrence, Timber in contemporary architecture, Timber Research and Development Association, 2009.

T. Herzog, J. Natterer, R. Schweitzer, M. Volz, and W. Winter, Timber construction manual, 2012.

C. Timber, Introduction for Specifiers, TRADA Technol, 2011.

M. H. Ramage, The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev, vol.68, pp.333-359, 2016.

D. W. Green-winandy, J. E. Kretschmann, and D. E. , Mechanical properties of wood, pp.4-45, 1999.

A. Harte, Introduction to timber as an engineering material', ICE Man, Constr. Mater. (Forde M, vol.2, pp.707-715, 2009.

J. M. Obe, Timber: its nature and behaviour, 2002.

C. Niyigena, Variabilité des performances de bétons de chanvre en fonction des caractéristiques de la chènevotte produite en Auvergne To cite this version : HAL Id : tel-01487057, 2017.

C. D. Gross, Structural enhancement of timber framing using hemp-lime, 2013.

A. Youssef, Etude mécanique des mélanges chaux / chanvre pour leur prise en compte dans le calcul de structure au sein d ' une ossature, 2017.

R. Walker, S. Pavia, and R. Mitchell, Mechanical properties and durability of hemplime concretes, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.61, pp.340-348, 2014.

P. B. De-bruijn, K. H. Jeppsson, K. Sandin, and C. Nilsson, Mechanical properties of lime-hemp concrete containing shives and fibres, Biosyst. Eng, vol.103, issue.4, pp.474-479, 2009.

V. Nozahic, S. Amziane, G. Torrent, K. Saïdi, and H. Baynast, Design of green concrete made of plant-derived aggregates and a pumice-lime binder, Cem. Concr. Compos, vol.34, issue.2, pp.231-241, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00715670

F. Murphy, S. Pavia, and R. Walker, An assessment of the physical properties of limehemp concrete', Proceeding Bridg, Concr. Res, 2010.

L. Arnaud and E. Gourlay, Experimental study of parameters influencing mechanical properties of hemp concretes, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.28, issue.1, pp.50-56, 2012.

S. Elfordy, F. Lucas, F. Tancret, Y. Scudeller, and L. Goudet, Mechanical and thermal properties of lime and hemp concrete ("hempcrete") manufactured by a projection process, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.22, issue.10, pp.2116-2123, 2008.

P. Tronet, T. Lecompte, V. Picandet, and C. Baley, Study of lime hemp concrete (LHC) -Mix design, casting process and mechanical behaviour, Cem. Concr. Compos, vol.67, pp.60-72, 2016.

E. Hirst, P. Walker, K. Paine, and T. Yates, Characterisation of low density hemplime composite building materials under compression loading, Conf. Sustain. Constr. Mater. Technol, pp.1395-1405, 2010.

A. Sellami, M. Merzoud, and S. Amziane, Improvement of mechanical properties of green concrete by treatment of the vegetals fibers, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.47, pp.1117-1124, 2013.

B. Mazhoud, F. Collet, S. Pretot, and C. Lanos, Mechanical properties of hemp-clay and hemp stabilized clay composites, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.155, pp.1126-1137, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01619383

S. Pantawee, T. Sinsiri, C. Jaturapitakkul, and P. Chindaprasirt, Utilization of hemp concrete using hemp shiv as coarse aggregate with aluminium sulfate [Al2(SO4)3] and hydrated lime [Ca(OH)2] treatment, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.156, pp.435-442, 2017.

U. Benitha-sandrine, V. Isabelle, M. T. Hoang, and C. Maalouf, Influence of chemical modification on hemp-starch concrete, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.81, pp.208-215, 2015.

A. Bourdot, Characterization of a hemp-based agro-material: Influence of starch ratio and hemp shive size on physical, mechanical, and hygrothermal properties, Energy Build, vol.153, pp.501-512, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01682305

C. Niyigena, Variability of the mechanical properties of hemp concrete, Mater. Today Commun, vol.7, pp.122-133, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01302340

T. T. Nguyen, V. Picandet, P. Carre, T. Lecompte, S. Amziane et al., Effect of compaction on mechanical and thermal properties of hemp concrete, Eur. J. Environ
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00494115

, Civ. Eng, vol.14, issue.5, pp.545-560, 2010.

J. Vessby, E. Serrano, and A. Olsson, Coupled and uncoupled nonlinear elastic finite element models for monotonically loaded sheathing-to-framing joints in timber based shear walls, Eng. Struct, vol.32, issue.11, pp.3433-3442, 2010.

K. Vogrinec, M. Premrov, and E. K. ?ilih, Simplified modelling of timber-framed walls under lateral loads, Eng. Struct, vol.111, pp.275-284, 2016.

B. Källsner and U. A. Girhammar, Analysis of fully anchored light-frame timber shear walls-Elastic model, Mater. Struct, vol.42, issue.3, pp.301-320, 2009.

N. Gattesco and I. Boem, Stress distribution among sheathing-to-frame nails of timber shear walls related to different base connections: Experimental tests and numerical modelling, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.122, pp.149-162, 2016.

D. Casagrande, S. Rossi, R. Tomasi, and G. Mischi, A predictive analytical model for the elasto-plastic behaviour of a light timber-frame shear-wall, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.102, pp.1113-1126, 2016.

R. Tomasi and T. Sartori, Mechanical behaviour of connections between wood framed shear walls and foundations under monotonic and cyclic load, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.44, pp.682-690, 2013.

Ö. Anil, A. Togay, Ü. K. I?leyen, C. Sö?ütlü, and N. Döngel, Hysteretic behavior of timber framed shear wall with openings, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.116, pp.203-215, 2016.

E. K. ?ilih and M. Premrov, Influence of openings on horizontal load-carrying capacity of timber-frame wall elements with fibre-plaster sheathing boards, Adv. Eng. Softw, vol.43, issue.1, pp.19-26, 2012.

T. Sartori and R. Tomasi, Experimental investigation on sheathing-to-framing connections in wood shear walls, Eng. Struct, vol.56, pp.2197-2205, 2013.

F. Germano, G. Metelli, and E. Giuriani, Experimental results on the role of sheathingto-frame and base connections of a European timber framed shear wall, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.80, pp.315-328, 2015.

F. Vieux-champagne, Y. Sieffert, S. Grange, A. Polastri, A. Ceccotti et al., Experimental analysis of seismic resistance of timber-framed structures with stones and earth infill, Eng. Struct, vol.69, pp.102-115, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01965218

P. Dobrila and M. Premrov, Reinforcing methods for composite timber framefiberboard wall panels, Eng. Struct, vol.25, issue.11, pp.1369-1376, 2003.

J. W. Van-de-kuilen, A. Ceccotti, Z. Xia, and M. He, Very tall wooden buildings with cross laminated timber, Procedia Eng, vol.14, pp.1621-1628, 2011.

Z. Wang, M. Gong, and Y. Chui, Mechanical properties of laminated strand lumber and hybrid cross-laminated timber, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.101, pp.622-627, 2015.

W. G. Davids, Structural performance of hybrid SPFs-LSL cross-laminated timber panels, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.149, pp.156-163, 2017.

F. Wiesner, F. Randmael, W. Wan, L. Bisby, and R. M. Hadden, Structural response of cross-laminated timber compression elements exposed to fire, Fire Saf. J, vol.91, pp.56-67, 2017.

Y. Shen, J. Schneider, S. Tesfamariam, S. F. Stiemer, and Z. Mu, Hysteresis behavior of bracket connection in cross-laminated-timber shear walls, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.48, pp.980-991, 2013.

K. Buka-vaivade, D. Serdjuks, V. Goremikins, A. Vilguts, and L. Pakrastins, Experimental verification of design procedure for elements from cross-laminated timber, Procedia Eng, vol.172, pp.1212-1219, 2017.

C. Gross and P. Walker, Racking performance of timber studwork and hemp-lime walling, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.66, pp.429-435, 2014.

D. Casagrande, S. Rossi, T. Sartori, and R. Tomasi, Proposal of an analytical procedure and a simplified numerical model for elastic response of single-storey timber shearwalls, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.102, pp.1101-1112, 2016.

J. P. Judd and F. S. Fonseca, Analytical model for sheathing-to-framing connections in wood shear walls and diaphragms, J. Struct. Eng, vol.131, issue.2, pp.345-352, 2005.

N. Gattesco and L. Macorini, In-plane stiffening techniques with nail plates or CFRP strips for timber floors in historical masonry buildings, Constr. Build. Mater, vol.58, pp.64-76, 2014.

E. K. ?ilih, M. Premrov, and S. ?ilih, Numerical analysis of timber-framed wall elements coated with single fibre-plaster boards, vol.41, pp.118-125, 2012.

N. Ruggieri, G. Tampone, and R. Zinno, Historical earthquake-resistant timber frames in the Mediterranean area, 2015.

E. Tsakanika-theohari and H. Mouzakis, A post-byzantine mansion in Athens. The restoration project of the timber structural elements, Proceedings of the world conference on timber engineering, 2010.

E. Poletti and G. Vasconcelos, Seismic behaviour of traditional timber frame walls: experimental results on unreinforced walls, Bull. Earthq. Eng, vol.13, issue.3, pp.885-916, 2015.

N. Ruggieri, G. Tampone, and R. Zinno, In-plane versus out-of-plane "Behavior" of an Italian timber framed system-The Borbone constructive system: Historical analysis and experimental evaluation, Int. J. Archit. Herit, vol.9, issue.6, pp.696-711, 2015.

A. Dutu, H. Sakata, Y. Yamazaki, and T. Shindo, In-plane behavior of timber frames with masonry infills under static cyclic loading, J. Struct. Eng, vol.142, issue.2, p.4015140, 2015.

L. A. Kouris and A. J. Kappos, Detailed and simplified non-linear models for timberframed masonry structures, J. Cult. Herit, vol.13, issue.1, pp.47-58, 2012.

S. Santos, Tests of Pombalino walls, vol.97, 1997.

L. A. Kouris, H. Meireles, R. Bento, and A. J. Kappos, Simple and complex modelling of timber-framed masonry walls in Pombalino buildings, Bull. Earthq. Eng, vol.12, issue.4, pp.1777-1803, 2014.

N. Quinn, D. , and D. Ayala, Assessment of the realistic stiffness and capacity of the connections in quincha frames to develop numerical models, Advanced Materials Research, vol.778, pp.526-533, 2013.

A. Ceccotti and C. Sandhaas, A proposal for a standard procedure to establish the seismic behaviour factor q of timber buildings, Proc. World Conference on Timber Engineering, 2010.

K. M. Hicyilmaz, T. Wilcock, C. Izatt, J. Da-silva, and R. Langenbach, Seismic Performance of Dhajji Dewari, 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, pp.24-28, 2012.

J. Hong, J. D. Barrett, and F. Lam, Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the Japanese traditional post-and-beam connection, J. wood Sci, vol.57, issue.2, pp.119-125, 2011.

J. Branco, P. Cruz, M. Piazza, and H. Varum, Modelling of timber joints in traditional structures, 2006.

T. Tannert, F. Lam, and T. Vallée, Strength prediction for rounded dovetail connections considering size effects, J. Eng. Mech, vol.136, issue.3, pp.358-366, 2010.

, Average: 85%. Palestine, 2004.

B. Bsc and . Engineering, Average: 82%. Palestine. Professional Experience 2009-2014 Teaching assistant, College of science and Technology

, The lateral load resistance of unclassified cross-laminated timber walls: experimental tests and theoretical approach, Journal, 2018.

, Lateral load-carrying capacity of hemp concrete as a natural infill material in timber frame walls" accepted and published at " Engineering Structures" journal, 2019.

, Mechanical behaviour of unclassified timber walls against horizontal forces" 35èmes Rencontres de l'AUGC, ECN/UN, 2017.

, Experimental study of lateral load resistance of timber walls, 2nd International Conference on Bio-based Building Materials & 1st Conference on ECOlogical valorisation of GRAnular and FIbrous materials, 2017.

, Racking behaviour of timber walls filled with hemp concrete, 2018.

, Structural behaviour of lateral load bearing capacity of timber frame walls filled with hempcrete, 2018 world Conference on Timber Engineering

, Lateral load carrying capacity of timber walls filled with hemp concrete: experimental and numerical investigation, 3rd International Conference on Bio-based Building Materials, 2019.