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, On établi aussi un lien entre les normes d'intersections et la norme de Thurston sur les 3-variétés. Par ailleurs, on montre l'existence d'un graphe dit de chirurgie sur l'ensemble des cartes unicellulaires sur une surface fermée orientable, le cas des collections unicellulaires et de cartes cubiques unicellulaires

, Mots clés: Norme entière, carte unicellulaire, chirurgie, graphe, norme d'intersection