M. F. Criscitiello and P. De-figueiredo, Fifty shades of immune defense, PLoS Pathog, vol.9, p.1003110, 2013.

J. Kurtz, Memory in the innate and adaptive immune systems, Microbes Infect, vol.6, pp.1410-1417, 2004.

B. M. Sadd and P. Schmid-hempel, Insect immunity shows specificity in protection upon secondary pathogen exposure, Curr Biol, vol.16, pp.1206-1210, 2006.

J. Kurtz and K. Franz, Innate defence: evidence for memory in invertebrate immunity, Nature, vol.425, pp.37-38, 2003.

J. Rodrigues, F. A. Brayner, L. C. Alves, R. Dixit, and C. Barillas-mury, Hemocyte differentiation mediates innate immune memory in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, Science, vol.329, pp.1353-1355, 2010.

E. L. Cooper, B. Rinkevich, G. Uhlenbruck, and P. Valembois, Invertebrate immunity: another viewpoint, Scand J Immunol, vol.35, pp.247-266, 1992.

J. Portela, Evidence for specific genotype-dependent immune priming in the lophotrochozoan Biomphalaria glabrata snail, J Innate Immun, vol.5, pp.261-276, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00790554

P. Schmid-hempel, Natural insect host-parasite systems show immune priming and specificity: puzzles to be solved, Bioessays, vol.27, pp.1026-1034, 2005.

M. G. Netea and J. W. Van-der-meer, Trained Immunity: An Ancient Way of Remembering, Cell Host Microbe, vol.21, pp.297-300, 2017.

M. G. Netea, Training innate immunity: the changing concept of immunological memory in innate host defence, Eur J Clin Invest, vol.43, pp.881-884, 2013.

B. Milutinovic, R. Peuss, K. Ferro, and J. Kurtz, Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle, Zoology (Jena), vol.119, pp.254-261, 2016.

J. Contreras-garduno, Insect immune priming: ecology and experimental evidences, Ecol Entomol, vol.41, pp.351-366, 2016.

H. J. Tidbury, A. B. Pedersen, and M. Boots, Within and transgenerational immune priming in an insect to a DNA virus, Proc Biol Sci, vol.278, pp.871-876, 2011.

O. Rechavi, G. Minevich, and O. Hobert, Transgenerational inheritance of an acquired small RNAbased antiviral response in C. elegans, Cell, vol.147, pp.1248-1256, 2011.

Y. H. Chang, R. Kumar, T. H. Ng, and H. C. Wang, What vaccination studies tell us about immunological memory within the innate immune system of cultured shrimp and crayfish, Dev Comp Immunol, 2017.

C. Sire, A. Rognon, and A. Theron, Failure of Schistosoma mansoni to reinfect Biomphalaria glabrata snails: acquired humoral resistance or intra-specific larval antagonism?, Parasitology, vol.117, pp.117-122, 1998.

S. Pinaud, A Shift from Cellular to Humoral Responses Contributes to Innate Immune Memory in the Vector Snail Biomphalaria glabrata, PLoS Pathog, vol.12, p.1005361, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01259482

D. Salvi and P. Mariottini, Molecular taxonomy in 2D: a novel ITS2 rRNA sequence-structure approach guides the description of the oysters' subfamily Saccostreinae and the genus Magallana (Bivalvia: Ostreidae), Zool J Linn Soc-Lond, vol.179, pp.263-276, 2017.

A. Segarra, Detection and description of a particular Ostreid herpesvirus 1 genotype associated with massive mortality outbreaks of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, Virus Res, vol.153, pp.92-99, 2008.

F. Pernet, Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Mass Mortalities in Oysters Is Influenced by Energetic Reserves and Food Quality, Plos One, vol.9, 2014.

C. Martenot, E. Oden, E. Travaille, J. P. Malas, and M. Houssin, Detection of different variants of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas between, vol.160, pp.25-31, 2008.

T. Zhang, The specifically enhanced cellular immune responses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus, Dev Comp Immunol, vol.45, pp.141-150, 2014.

Y. Li, The hematopoiesis in gill and its role in the immune response of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus, Dev Comp Immunol, vol.71, pp.59-69, 2017.

T. J. Green, K. Benkendorff, N. Robinson, D. Raftos, and P. Speck, Anti-viral gene induction is absent upon secondary challenge with double-stranded RNA in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Fish Shellfish Immunol, vol.39, pp.492-497, 2014.

T. J. Green, J. L. Rolland, A. Vergnes, D. Raftos, and C. Montagnani, OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response, Fish Shellfish Immunol, vol.47, pp.435-443, 2015.

T. J. Green, A. Vergnes, C. Montagnani, and J. De-lorgeril, Distinct immune responses of juvenile and adult oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to viral and bacterial infections, Vet Res, vol.47, p.72, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01363949

L. Zhang, Massive expansion and functional divergence of innate immune genes in a protostome, Sci Rep, vol.5, p.8693, 2015.

T. O. Crisan, M. G. Netea, and L. A. Joosten, Innate immune memory: Implications for host responses to damage-associated molecular patterns, Eur J Immunol, vol.46, pp.817-828, 2016.

S. E. Collins and K. L. Mossman, Danger, diversity and priming in innate antiviral immunity, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, vol.25, pp.525-531, 2014.

V. Barbosa-solomieu, T. Renault, and M. A. Travers, Mass mortality in bivalves and the intricate case of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, J Invertebr Pathol, vol.131, pp.2-10, 2015.

B. Petton, Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease, Front Microbiol, vol.6, p.686, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01216445

F. Le-roux, K. M. Wegner, and M. F. Polz, Oysters and Vibrios as a Model for Disease Dynamics in Wild Animals, Trends Microbiol, vol.24, pp.568-580, 2016.

J. A. Melvin and J. M. Bomberger, Compromised Defenses: Exploitation of Epithelial Responses During Viral-Bacterial Co-Infection of the Respiratory Tract, PLoS Pathog, vol.12, p.1005797, 2016.

L. O. Bakaletz, Viral-bacterial co-infections in the respiratory tract, Curr Opin Microbiol, vol.35, pp.30-35, 2016.

Y. Moret and M. T. Siva-jothy, Adaptive innate immunity? Responsive-mode prophylaxis in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, Proc Biol Sci, vol.270, pp.2475-2480, 2003.

O. Roth and J. Kurtz, Phagocytosis mediates specificity in the immune defence of an invertebrate, the woodlouse Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda), Dev Comp Immunol, vol.33, pp.1151-1155, 2009.

L. N. Pham, M. S. Dionne, M. Shirasu-hiza, and D. S. Schneider, A specific primed immune response in Drosophila is dependent on phagocytes, PLoS Pathog, vol.3, p.26, 2007.

E. De-clercq, Degradation of poly(inosinic acid) -poly(cytidylic acid) [(I)n -(C)n] by human plasma, Eur J Biochem, vol.93, pp.165-172, 1979.

M. Masood, D. A. Raftos, and S. V. Nair, Two Oyster Species That Show Differential Susceptibility to Virus Infection Also Show Differential Proteomic Responses to Generic dsRNA, J Proteome Res, vol.15, pp.1735-1746, 2016.

T. Brown and M. Rodriguez-lanetty, Defending against pathogens -immunological priming and its molecular basis in a sea anemone, cnidarian. Sci Rep, vol.5, p.17425, 2015.

T. J. Green, Oyster viperin retains direct antiviral activity and its transcription occurs via a signalling pathway involving a heat-stable hemolymph protein, J Gen Virol, 2015.

C. Coustau, J. Kurtz, and Y. Moret, A Novel Mechanism of Immune Memory Unveiled at the Invertebrate-Parasite Interface, Trends Parasitol, vol.32, pp.353-355, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01315801

Y. C. Lin, Vaccination enhances early immune responses in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei after secondary exposure to Vibrio alginolyticus, Plos One, vol.8, p.69722, 2013.

S. K. Musthaq and J. Kwang, Evolution of specific immunity in shrimp -A vaccination perspective against white spot syndrome virus, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.46, pp.279-290, 2014.

J. M. Greenwood, Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae, BMC Genomics, vol.18, p.329, 2017.

J. Witteveldt, C. C. Cifuentes, J. M. Vlak, and M. C. Van-hulten, Protection of Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome virus by oral vaccination, J Virol, vol.78, pp.2057-2061, 2004.

B. Petton, F. Pernet, R. Robert, and P. Boudry, Temperature influence on pathogen transmission and subsequent mortalities in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, Aquacult Env Interac, vol.3, pp.257-273, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00946757

D. Schikorski, Experimental ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: kinetics of virus DNA detection by q-PCR in seawater and in oyster samples, Virus Res, vol.155, pp.28-34, 2011.

M. Gay, T. Renault, A. M. Pons, and F. Le-roux, Two vibrio splendidus related strains collaborate to kill Crassostrea gigas: taxonomy and host alterations, Dis Aquat Organ, vol.62, pp.65-74, 2004.

E. Afgan, D. Baker, M. Van-den, D. Beek, D. Blankenberg et al., The Galaxy platform for accessible, reproducible and collaborative biomedical analyses: 2016 update, vol.44, pp.3-10, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01360125

S. Anders, P. T. Pyl, and W. Huber, HTSeq--a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data, Bioinformatics, vol.31, pp.166-169, 2014.

S. A. Armitage, R. Peuss, and J. Kurtz, Dscam and pancrustacean immune memory -A review of the evidence, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.48, pp.315-323, 2015.

Y. Benjamini and Y. Hochberg, Controlling the False Discovery Rate -a Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B-Methodological, vol.57, pp.289-300, 1995.

C. Castro-vargas, C. Linares-lopez, A. Lopez-torres, K. Wrobel, J. C. Torres-guzman et al., Methylation on RNA: A Potential Mechanism Related to Immune Priming within, But Not across Generations. Front Microbiol, vol.8, p.473, 2017.

Y. H. Chang, R. Kumar, T. H. Ng, and H. C. Wang, What vaccination studies tell us about immunological memory within the innate immune system of cultured shrimp and crayfish, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 2017.

D. Cooper and I. Eleftherianos, Memory and Specificity in the Insect Immune System: Current Perspectives and Future Challenges, Frontiers in Immunology, vol.8, 2017.

E. L. Cooper, B. Rinkevich, G. Uhlenbruck, and P. Valembois, Invertebrate Immunity -Another Viewpoint, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, vol.35, pp.247-266, 1992.

C. Coustau, J. Kurtz, and Y. Moret, A Novel Mechanism of Immune Memory Unveiled at the Invertebrate-Parasite Interface, Trends in Parasitology, vol.32, pp.353-355, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01315801

A. J. Davison, B. L. Trus, N. Q. Cheng, A. C. Steven, M. S. Watson et al., A novel class of herpesvirus with bivalve hosts, Journal of General Virology, vol.86, pp.41-53, 2005.

A. Dobin, C. A. Davis, F. Schlesinger, J. Drenkow, C. Zaleski et al., STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner, Bioinformatics, vol.29, pp.15-21, 2013.

Y. M. Dong, H. E. Taylor, and G. Dimopoulos, AgDscam, a hypervariable immunoglobulin domain-containing receptor of the Anopheles gambiae innate immune system, Plos Biology, vol.4, pp.1137-1146, 2006.

T. J. Green and C. Montagnani, Poly I:C induces a protective antiviral immune response in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against subsequent challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1 ?var), Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.35, pp.382-388, 2013.

T. J. Green, C. Montagnani, K. Benkendorff, N. Robinson, and P. Speck, Ontogeny and water temperature influences the antiviral response of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.36, pp.151-157, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01112530

T. J. Green, D. Raftos, P. Speck, and C. Montagnani, Antiviral immunity in marine molluscs, Journal of General Virology, vol.96, pp.2471-2482, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01259807

T. J. Green, A. Vergnes, C. Montagnani, and J. De-lorgeril, Distinct immune responses of juvenile and adult oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to viral and bacterial infections, Veterinary Research, vol.47, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01363949

P. C. Hanington and S. M. Zhang, The Primary Role of Fibrinogen-Related Proteins in Invertebrates Is Defense, Not Coagulation, Journal of Innate Immunity, vol.3, pp.17-27, 2011.

Y. He, A. Jouaux, S. E. Ford, C. Lelong, P. Sourdaine et al., Transcriptome analysis reveals strong and complex antiviral response in a mollusc, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.46, pp.131-144, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02296483

B. Huang, L. Zhang, Y. Du, F. Xu, L. Li et al., Characterization of the Mollusc RIG-I/MAVS Pathway Reveals an Archaic Antiviral Signalling Framework in Invertebrates, Sci Rep, vol.7, p.8217, 2017.

K. N. Johnson, M. C. Van-hulten, and A. C. Barnes, Vaccination" of shrimp against viral pathogens: Phenomenology and underlying mechanisms, Vaccine, vol.26, pp.4885-4892, 2008.

A. Jouaux, M. Lafont, J. L. Blin, M. Houssin, M. Mathieu et al., Physiological change under OsHV-1 contamination in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas through massive mortality events on fields, BMC Genomics, vol.14, 2013.

C. Kosiol, T. Vinar, R. R. Da-fonseca, M. J. Hubisz, C. D. Bustamante et al., Patterns of Positive Selection in Six Mammalian Genomes, PLoS Genetics, vol.4, 2008.

G. M. Kovacs, B. Harrach, A. N. Zakhartchouk, and A. J. Davison, Complete genome sequence of simian adenovirus 1: an Old World monkey adenovirus with two fiber genes, Journal of General Virology, vol.86, pp.1681-1686, 2005.

J. Kurtz, Memory in the innate and adaptive immune systems, Microbes and Infection, vol.6, pp.1410-1417, 2004.

J. Kurtz and K. Franz, Innate defence: evidence for memory in invertebrate immunity, Nature, vol.425, pp.37-38, 2003.

M. Lafont, A. B.-petton, M. Vergnes, A. Pauletto, B. Segarra et al., Long-lasting antiviral innate immune priming in the Lophotrochozoan Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01632346

B. Langmead and S. L. Salzberg, Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2, Nature Methods, vol.9, pp.357-359, 2012.

Y. Q. Li, X. R. Song, W. L. Wang, L. L. Wang, Q. L. Yi et al., The hematopoiesis in gill and its role in the immune response of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.71, pp.59-69, 2017.

C. H. Liu, T. Zhang, L. L. Wang, M. Q. Wang, W. L. Wang et al., The modulation of extracellular superoxide dismutase in the specifically enhanced cellular immune response against secondary challenge of Vibrio splendidus in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.63, pp.163-170, 2016.

B. Longdon, C. Cao, J. Martinez, and F. M. Jiggins, Previous Exposure to an RNA Virus Does Not Protect against Subsequent Infection in Drosophila melanogaster, Plos One, vol.8, 2013.

M. I. Love, W. Huber, and S. Anders, Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2, Genome Biology, vol.15, 2014.

C. Martenot, E. Oden, E. Travaille, J. P. Malas, and M. Houssin, Detection of different variants of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas between, vol.160, pp.25-31, 2008.

M. Matsumoto and T. Seya, TLR3: Interferon induction by double-stranded RNA including poly(I : C), Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, vol.60, pp.805-812, 2008.

B. Milutinovi? and J. Kurtz, Immune memory in invertebrates, Seminars in Immunology, vol.28, pp.328-342, 2016.

Y. Mone, B. Gourbal, D. Duval, L. Pasquier, S. Kieffer-jaquinod et al., A Large Repertoire of Parasite Epitopes Matched by a Large Repertoire of Host Immune Receptors in an Invertebrate Host/Parasite Model, Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol.4, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00515823

M. G. Netea, Training innate immunity: the changing concept of immunological memory in innate host defence, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.43, pp.881-884, 2013.

M. G. Netea, J. Quintin, and J. W. Van-der-meer, Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense, Cell Host Microbe, vol.9, pp.355-361, 2011.

M. G. Netea and J. W. Van-der-meer, Trained Immunity: An Ancient Way of Remembering, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.21, pp.297-300, 2017.

R. Nielsen, C. Bustamante, A. G. Clark, S. Glanowski, T. B. Sackton et al., A scan for positively selected genes in the genomes of humans and chimpanzees, Plos Biology, vol.3, pp.976-985, 2005.

M. Pauletto, A. Segarra, C. Montagnani, V. Quillien, N. Faury et al., Long dsRNAs promote an anti-viral response in Pacific oyster hampering ostreid herpesvirus 1 replication, J Exp Biol, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01632365

F. Pernet, J. Barret, P. L. Gall, C. Corporeau, L. Degremont et al., Mass mortalities of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas reflect infectious diseases and vary with farming practices in the Mediterranean Thau lagoon, Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.2, pp.215-237, 2012.

B. Petton, F. Pernet, R. Robert, and P. Boudry, Temperature influence on pathogen transmission and subsequent mortalities in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.3, pp.257-273, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00946757

S. Pinaud, J. Portela, D. Duval, F. C. Nowacki, M. A. Olive et al., A Shift from Cellular to Humoral Responses Contributes to Innate Immune Memory in the Vector Snail Biomphalaria glabrata, PLoS Pathogens, vol.12, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01259482

J. Portela, D. Duval, A. Rognon, R. Galinier, J. Boissier et al., Evidence for Specific Genotype-Dependent Immune Priming in the Lophotrochozoan Biomphalaria glabrata Snail, Journal of Innate Immunity, vol.5, pp.261-276, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00790554

J. Quintin, S. C. Cheng, J. W. Van-der-meer, and M. G. Netea, Innate immune memory: towards a better understanding of host defense mechanisms, Curr Opin Immunol, vol.29, pp.1-7, 2014.

O. Rechavi, G. Minevich, and O. Hobert, Transgenerational inheritance of an acquired small RNA-based antiviral response in C. elegans, Cell, vol.147, pp.1248-1256, 2011.

J. Rodrigues, F. A. Brayner, L. C. Alves, R. Dixit, and C. Barillas-mury, Hemocyte differentiation mediates innate immune memory in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, Science, vol.329, pp.1353-1355, 2010.

U. Rosani, L. Varotto, S. Domeneghetti, G. Arcangeli, A. Pallavicini et al., Dual analysis of host and pathogen transcriptomes in ostreid herpesvirus 1-positiveCrassostrea gigas, Environmental Microbiology, vol.17, pp.4200-4212, 2015.

O. Roth and J. Kurtz, Phagocytosis mediates specificity in the immune defence of an invertebrate, the woodlouse Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda), Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.33, pp.1151-1155, 2009.

D. Salvi and P. Mariottini, Molecular taxonomy in 2D: a novel ITS2 rRNA sequence-structure approach guides the description of the oysters' subfamily Saccostreinae and the genusMagallana(Bivalvia: Ostreidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016.

D. Schikorski, N. Faury, J. F. Pepin, D. Saulnier, D. Tourbiez et al., Experimental ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: Kinetics of virus DNA detection by q-PCR in seawater and in oyster samples, Virus Research, vol.155, pp.28-34, 2011.

P. Schmid-hempel, Natural insect host-parasite systems show immune priming and specificity: puzzles to be solved, Bioessays, vol.27, pp.1026-1034, 2005.

A. Segarra, J. F. Pepin, I. Arzul, B. Morga, N. Faury et al., Detection and description of a particular Ostreid herpesvirus 1 genotype associated with massive mortality outbreaks of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, Virus Research, vol.153, pp.92-99, 2008.

C. Sire, A. Rognon, and A. Theron, Failure of Schistosoma mansoni to reinfect Biomphalaria glabrata snails: acquired humoral resistance or intra-specific larval antagonism, Parasitology, vol.117, pp.117-122, 1998.

M. Suquet, G. De-kermoysan, R. G. Araya, I. Queau, L. Lebrun et al., Anesthesia in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Aquatic Living Resources, vol.22, pp.29-34, 2009.

H. J. Tidbury, A. B. Pedersen, and M. Boots, Within and transgenerational immune priming in an insect to a DNA virus, Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol.278, pp.871-876, 2011.

A. Vilcinskas, The role of epigenetics in host-parasite coevolution: lessons from the model host insects Galleria mellonella and Tribolium castaneum, Zoology (Jena), vol.119, pp.273-280, 2016.

C. R. Voolstra, S. Sunagawa, M. V. Matz, T. Bayer, M. Aranda et al., Rapid Evolution of Coral Proteins Responsible for Interaction with the Environment, Plos One, vol.6, 2011.

J. J. Wang, L. L. Wang, C. Y. Yang, Q. F. Jiang, H. Zhang et al., The response of mRNA expression upon secondary challenge with Vibrio anguillarum suggests the involvement of C-lectins in the immune priming of scallop Chlamys farreri, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.40, pp.142-147, 2013.

F. L. Watson, R. Puttmann-holgado, F. Thomas, D. L. Lamar, M. Hughes et al., Extensive diversity of Ig-superfamily proteins in the immune system of insects, Science, vol.309, pp.1874-1878, 2005.

S. C. Webb, A. Fidler, and T. Renault, Primers for PCR-based detection of ostreid herpes virus-1 (OsHV-1): Application in a survey of New Zealand molluscs, Aquaculture, vol.272, pp.126-139, 2007.

R. M. Wright, G. V. Aglyamova, E. Meyer, and M. V. Matz, Gene expression associated with white syndromes in a reef building coral, Acropora hyacinthus, BMC Genomics, vol.16, 2015.

I. Yoshida and M. Azuma, An alternative receptor to poly I:C on cell surfaces for interferon induction, Microbiology and Immunology, vol.57, pp.329-333, 2013.

G. Zhang, X. Fang, X. Guo, L. Li, R. Luo et al., The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation, vol.490, pp.49-54, 2012.

T. Zhang, L. M. Qiu, Z. B. Sun, L. L. Wang, Z. Zhou et al., The specifically enhanced cellular immune responses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.45, pp.141-150, 2014.

C. Abi-khalil, C. Lopez-joven, E. Abadie, V. Savar, Z. Amzil et al., Exposure to the Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Producer Alexandrium catenella Increases the Susceptibility of the Oyster Crassostrea gigas to Pathogenic Vibrios, Toxins, vol.8, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01311082

C. M. Adema, L. A. Hertel, R. D. Miller, and E. S. Loker, A family of fibrinogen-related proteins that precipitates parasite-derived molecules is produced by an invertebrate after infection, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.94, pp.8691-8696, 1997.

L. Alexopoulou, A. C. Holt, R. Medzhitov, and R. A. Flavell, Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappa B by Toll-like receptor 3, Nature, vol.413, pp.732-738, 2001.

P. Anderson and N. Kedersha, Stress granules, Curr Biol, vol.19, pp.397-398, 2009.

I. Arzul, S. Corbeil, B. Morga, and T. Renault, Viruses infecting marine molluscs, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.147, pp.118-135, 2017.

I. Arzul, T. Renault, and C. Lipart, Experimental herpes-like viral infections in marine bivalves: demonstration of interspecies transmission, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.46, pp.1-6, 2001.

I. Arzul, T. Renault, C. Lipart, and A. J. Davison, Evidence for interspecies transmission of oyster herpesvirus in marine bivalves, Journal of General Virology, vol.82, pp.865-870, 2001.

I. Arzul, T. Renault, A. Thebault, and A. Gerard, Detection of oyster herpesvirus DNA and proteins in asymptomatic Crassostrea gigas adults, Virus Research, vol.84, pp.151-160, 2002.

A. Ashkenazi, Targeting death and decoy receptors of the tumour-necrosis factor superfamily, Nature Reviews Cancer, vol.2, pp.420-430, 2002.

P. Azéma, J. Lamy, P. Boudry, T. Renault, M. Travers et al., Genetic parameters of resistance to Vibrio aestuarianus, and OsHV-1 infections in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, at three different life stages, Genetics Selection Evolution, vol.49, 2017.

E. Bachere, A. Barranger, R. Bruno, J. Rouxel, D. Menard et al., Parental diuron-exposure alters offspring transcriptome and fitness in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol.142, pp.51-58, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01510956

E. Bachere, D. Chagot, and H. Grizel, Separation of Crassostrea-Gigas Hemocytes by Density Gradient Centrifugation and Counterflow Centrifugal Elutriation, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.12, pp.549-559, 1988.

E. Bachere, Y. Gueguen, M. Gonzalez, J. De-lorgeril, J. Garnier et al., Insights into the anti-microbial defense of marine invertebrates: the penaeid shrimps and the oyster Crassostrea gigas, Immunol Rev, vol.198, pp.149-168, 2004.

E. Bachere, R. D. Rosa, P. Schmitt, A. C. Poirier, N. Merou et al., The new insights into the oyster antimicrobial defense: Cellular, molecular and genetic view, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.46, pp.50-64, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01162911

F. Badariotti, C. Lelong, M. P. Dubos, and P. Favrel, Characterization of chitinase-like proteins (Cg-Clp1 and Cg-Clp2) involved in immune defence of the mollusc Crassostrea gigas, Febs Journal, vol.274, pp.3646-3654, 2007.

C. M. Bai, C. M. Wang, J. Y. Xia, H. L. Sun, S. Zhang et al., Emerging and endemic types of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 were detected in bivalves in China, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.124, pp.98-106, 2015.

A. J. Bannister and T. Kouzarides, Regulation of chromatin by histone modifications, Cell Research, vol.21, pp.381-395, 2011.

V. Barbosa-solomieu, L. Degremont, R. Vazquez-juarez, F. Ascencio-valle, P. Boudry et al., Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) detection among three successive generations of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), Virus Research, vol.107, pp.47-56, 2005.

V. Barbosa-solomieu, L. Miossec, R. Vazquez-juarez, F. Ascencio-valle, and T. Renault, Diagnosis of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 in fixed paraffin-embedded archival samples using PCR and in situ hybridisation, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.119, pp.65-72, 2004.

V. Barbosa-solomieu, T. Renault, and M. A. Travers, Mass mortality in bivalves and the intricate case of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.131, pp.2-10, 2015.

S. M. Barribeau, P. Schmid-hempel, and B. M. Sadd, Royal Decree: Gene Expression in Trans-Generationally Immune Primed Bumblebee Workers Mimics a Primary Immune Response, Plos One, vol.11, 2016.

G. M. Barton and R. Medzhitov, Toll-like receptor signaling pathways, Science, vol.300, pp.1524-1525, 2003.

F. M. Batista, I. Arzul, J. F. Pepin, F. Ruano, C. S. Friedman et al., Detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 DNA by PCR in bivalve molluscs: A critical review, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.139, pp.1-11, 2007.

I. Bernard, Écologie de la reproduction de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, sur les côtes atlantiques françaises,vers une explication de la variabilité du captage, 2008.

K. Bouilly, R. Chaves, A. Leitao, A. Benabdelmouna, and H. Guedes-pinto, Chromosomal organization of simple sequence repeats in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas): (GGAT)(4), (GT)(7) and (TA)(10) chromosome patterns, Journal of Genetics, vol.87, pp.119-125, 2008.

K. A. Brogden, Antimicrobial peptides: Pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?, Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol.3, pp.238-250, 2005.

M. Bruto, A. James, B. Petton, Y. Labreuche, S. Chenivesse et al., Isme Journal, vol.11, pp.1043-1052, 2017.

J. R. Buchan and R. Parker, Eukaryotic stress granules: the ins and outs of translation, Mol Cell, vol.36, pp.932-941, 2009.

R. Bueno, M. Perrott, M. Dunowska, C. Brosnahan, and C. Johnston, In situ hybridization and histopathological observations during ostreid herpesvirus-1-associated mortalities in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.122, pp.43-55, 2016.

P. Bulet, R. Stocklin, and L. Menin, Anti-microbial peptides: from invertebrates to vertebrates, Immunological Reviews, vol.198, pp.169-184, 2004.

C. A. Burge, F. J. Griffin, and C. S. Friedman, Mortality and herpesvirus infections of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in Tomales Bay, Dis Aquat Organ, vol.72, pp.31-43, 2006.

E. A. Burioli, M. Prearo, and M. Houssin, Complete genome sequence of Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 µVar isolated during mortality events in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in France and Ireland, Virology, vol.509, pp.239-251, 2017.

L. Canesi, G. Gallo, M. Gavioli, and C. Pruzzo, Bacteria-hemocyte interactions and phagocytosis in marine bivalves, Microscopy Research and Technique, vol.57, pp.469-476, 2002.

D. Cassis, C. M. Pearce, and M. T. Maldonado, Effects of the environment and culture depth on growth and mortality in juvenile Pacific oysters in the Strait of Georgia, Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.1, pp.259-274, 2011.

M. T. Catanese, H. Ansuini, R. Graziani, T. Huby, M. Moreau et al., Role of Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I in Hepatitis C Virus Entry: Kinetics and Molecular Determinants, Journal of Virology, vol.84, pp.34-43, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00580589

P. H. Chang, S. T. Kuo, S. H. Lai, H. S. Yang, Y. Y. Ting et al., Herpes-like virus infection causing mortality of cultured abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta in Taiwan, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.65, pp.23-27, 2005.

G. F. Chen, C. Y. Zhang, F. J. Jiang, Y. Y. Wang, Z. Xu et al., Bioinformatics analysis of hemocyte miRNAs of scallop Chlamys farreri against acute viral necrobiotic virus (AVNV), Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.37, pp.75-86, 2014.

H. Chen, L. S. Xin, X. R. Song, L. Wang, W. L. Wang et al., A norepinephrine-responsive miRNA directly promotes CgHSP90AA1 expression in oyster haemocytes during desiccation, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.64, pp.297-307, 2017.

T. C. Cheng and A. F. Rowley, 1981. Invertebrate Blood Cells, pp.233-301

M. S. Clark, M. A. Thorne, A. Amaral, F. Vieira, F. M. Batista et al., Identification of molecular and physiological responses to chronic environmental challenge in an invasive species: the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Ecology and Evolution, vol.3, pp.3283-3297, 2013.

J. D. Coelho, C. Barreto, A. D. Silveira, G. C. Vieira, R. D. Rosa et al., A hemocyteexpressed fibrinogen-related protein gene (LvFrep) from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: Expression analysis after microbial infection and during larval development, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.56, pp.123-126, 2016.

S. E. Collins and K. L. Mossman, Danger, diversity and priming in innate antiviral immunity, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, vol.25, pp.525-531, 2014.

M. Comps, J. R. Bonami, C. Vago, and A. Campillo, Virus-Disease of Portuguese Oyster (Crassostrea-Angulata Lmk), Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires Des Seances De L Academie Des Sciences Serie D, vol.282, p.1991, 1976.

M. Comps, G. Tige, and H. Grizel, Ultrastructural-Study of a Protistan Parasite of the Flat Oyster Ostrea-Edulis L, Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires Des Seances De L Academie Des Sciences Serie D, vol.290, p.383, 1980.

B. Conradt, Genetic Control of Programmed Cell Death During Animal Development, Annual Review of Genetics, vol.43, pp.493-523, 2009.

U. Conrath, G. J. Beckers, C. J. Langenbach, and M. R. Jaskiewicz, Priming for Enhanced Defense, Annual Review of Phytopathology, vol.53, pp.97-119, 2015.

S. Corbeil, N. Faury, A. Segarra, and T. Renault, Development of an in situ hybridization assay for the detection of ostreid herpesvirus type 1 mRNAs in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.211, pp.43-50, 2015.

S. Cremer and M. Sixt, Analogies in the evolution of individual and social immunity, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, vol.364, pp.129-142, 2009.

T. O. Crisan, M. G. Netea, and L. A. Joosten, Innate immune memory: Implications for host responses to damage-associated molecular patterns, European Journal of Immunology, vol.46, pp.817-828, 2016.

J. Crouse, U. Kalinke, and A. Oxenius, Regulation of antiviral T cell responses by type I interferons, Nat Rev Immunol, vol.15, pp.231-242, 2015.

B. R. Cullen, How Do Viruses Avoid Inhibition by Endogenous Cellular MicroRNAs?, PLoS Pathogens, vol.9, 2013.

R. G. Cutler, Human Longevity and Aging -Possible Role of Reactive Oxygen Species, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.621, pp.1-28, 1991.

P. M. Da-silva, T. Renault, J. Fuentes, and A. Villalba, Herpesvirus infection in European flat oysters Ostrea edulis obtained from brood stocks of various geographic origins and grown in Galicia, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.78, pp.181-188, 2008.

I. M. Dambuza and G. D. Brown, C-type lectins in immunity: recent developments, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.32, pp.21-27, 2015.

J. L. Dangl and J. D. Jones, Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection, Nature, vol.411, pp.826-833, 2001.

J. E. Darnell, I. M. Kerr, and G. R. Stark, Jak-Stat Pathways and Transcriptional Activation in Response to Ifns and Other Extracellular Signaling Proteins, Science, vol.264, pp.1415-1421, 1994.

A. J. Davison, R. Eberle, B. Ehlers, G. S. Hayward, D. J. Mcgeoch et al., The order Herpesvirales, vol.154, pp.171-177, 2009.

A. J. Davison, B. L. Trus, N. Q. Cheng, A. C. Steven, M. S. Watson et al., A novel class of herpesvirus with bivalve hosts, Journal of General Virology, vol.86, pp.41-53, 2005.

I. J. De-faria, R. P. Olmo, E. G. Silva, and J. T. Marques, dsRNA sensing during viral infection: lessons from plants, worms, insects, and mammals, J Interferon Cytokine Res, vol.33, pp.239-253, 2013.

M. De-kantzow, P. Hick, J. A. Becker, and R. J. Whittington, Effect of water temperature on mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas associated with microvariant ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 mu Var), Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.8, pp.419-428, 2016.

J. De-lorgeril, Cracking the code of oyster polymicrobial disease: herpesvirus fosters bacterial septicemia by compromizing oyster antibacterial defenses

J. De-lorgeril, R. Zenagui, R. D. Rosa, D. Piquemal, and E. Bachere, Whole Transcriptome Profiling of Successful Immune Response to Vibrio Infections in the Oyster Crassostrea gigas by Digital Gene Expression Analysis, PLoS One, vol.6, p.23142, 2011.

E. Declercq, Degradation of Poly(Inosinic Acid) -Poly(Cytidylic Acid) [(I)N.(C)N] by Human-Plasma, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.93, pp.165-172, 1979.

S. Deddouche, N. Matt, A. Budd, S. Mueller, C. Kemp et al., The DExD/H-box helicase Dicer-2 mediates the induction of antiviral activity in drosophila, Nature Immunology, vol.9, pp.1425-1432, 2008.

L. Degremont, Evidence of herpesvirus (OsHV-1) resistance in juvenile Crassostrea gigas selected for high resistance to the summer mortality phenomenon, Aquaculture, vol.317, pp.94-98, 2011.

L. Degremont, E. Bedier, and P. Boudry, Summer mortality of hatchery-produced Pacific oyster spat (Crassostrea gigas). II. Response to selection for survival and its influence on growth and yield, Aquaculture, vol.299, pp.21-29, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00156731

L. Degremont, B. Ernande, E. Bedier, and P. Boudry, Summer mortality of hatchery-produced Pacific oyster spat (Crassostrea gigas). I. Estimation of genetic parameters for survival and growth, Aquaculture, vol.262, pp.41-53, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00156731

L. Degremont, C. Garcia, and S. K. Allen, Genetic improvement for disease resistance in oysters: A review, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.131, pp.226-241, 2015.

L. Degremont, M. Nourry, and E. Maurouard, Mass selection for survival and resistance to OsHV-1 infection in Crassostrea gigas spat in field conditions: response to selection after four generations, Aquaculture, vol.446, pp.111-121, 2015.

L. Degremont, P. Soletchnik, and P. Boudry, Summer Mortality of Selected Juvenile Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas under Laboratory Conditions and in Comparison with Field Performance, Journal of Shellfish Research, vol.29, pp.847-856, 2010.

P. W. Dempsey, S. A. Vaidya, and G. Cheng, The art of war: Innate and adaptive immune responses, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, vol.60, pp.2604-2621, 2003.

S. D. Der, A. M. Zhou, B. R. Williams, and R. H. Silverman, Identification of genes differentially regulated by interferon alpha, beta, or gamma using oligonucleotide arrays, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.95, pp.15623-15628, 1998.

V. Deretic, Autophagy as an immune defense mechanism, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.18, pp.375-382, 2006.

D. Destoumieux, P. Bulet, D. Loew, A. Van-dorsselaer, J. Rodriguez et al., Peanaeidins, a new family of antimicrobial peptides isolated from the shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Decapoda), J. Biol. Chem, vol.272, pp.28398-28406, 1997.

Y. M. Dong, C. M. Cirimotich, A. Pike, R. Chandra, and G. Dimopoulos, Anopheles NF-kappa B-Regulated Splicing Factors Direct Pathogen-Specific Repertoires of the Hypervariable Pattern Recognition Receptor AgDscam, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.12, pp.521-530, 2012.

Y. M. Dong, H. E. Taylor, and G. Dimopoulos, AgDscam, a hypervariable immunoglobulin domain-containing receptor of the Anopheles gambiae innate immune system, Plos Biology, vol.4, pp.1137-1146, 2006.

C. Dostert, E. Jouanguy, P. Irving, L. Troxler, D. Galiana-arnoux et al., The Jak-STAT signaling pathway is required but not sufficient for the antiviral response of drosophila, Nature Immunology, vol.6, pp.946-953, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00094350

A. Dubuffet, C. Zanchi, G. Boutet, J. Moreau, M. Teixeira et al., Trans-generational Immune Priming Protects the Eggs Only against Gram-Positive Bacteria in the Mealworm Beetle, PLoS Pathogens, vol.11, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01214091

M. Duperthuy, P. Schmitt, E. Garzon, A. Caro, R. D. Rosa et al., Use of OmpU porins for attachment and invasion of Crassostrea gigas immune cells by the oyster pathogen Vibrio splendidus, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.108, pp.2993-2998, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02023865

W. E. Durrant and X. Dong, Systemic acquired resistance, Annual Review of Phytopathology, vol.42, pp.185-209, 2004.

C. M. Escobedo-bonilla, S. Vega-pena, and C. H. Mejia-ruiz, Efficacy of double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) non-structural (orf89, wsv191) and structural (vp28, vp26) genes in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, Journal of King Saud University, vol.27, pp.182-188, 2015.

J. M. Escoubas, L. Briant, C. Montagnani, S. Hez, C. Devaux et al., Oyster IKK-like protein shares structural and functional properties with its mammalian homologues, Febs Letters, vol.453, pp.293-298, 1999.

O. Evans, P. Hick, and R. J. Whittington, Detection of Ostreid herpesvirus -1 microvariants in healthy Crassostrea gigas following disease events and their possible role as reservoirs of infection, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.148, pp.20-33, 2017.

O. Evans, I. Paul-pont, and R. J. Whittington, Detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 microvariant DNA in aquatic invertebrate species, sediment and other samples collected from the Georges River estuary, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.122, pp.247-255, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01483133

C. Fabioux, C. Corporeau, V. Quillien, P. Favrel, and A. Huvet, In vivo RNA interference in oyster -vasa silencing inhibits germ cell development, Febs Journal, vol.276, pp.2566-2573, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00663883

C. Fabioux, A. Huvet, P. L. Souchu, M. L. Pennec, and S. Pouvreau, Temperature and photoperiod drive Crassostrea gigas reproductive internal clock, Aquaculture, vol.250, pp.458-470, 2005.

S. Y. Feng, Cellular defense mechanisms of oysters and mussels, Am Fish Soc Spec Publ, vol.18, pp.153-168, 1988.

J. L. Fernandez-morera, V. Calvanese, S. Rodriguez-rodero, E. Menendez-torre, and M. F. Fraga, Epigenetic regulation of the immune system in health and disease, Tissue Antigens, vol.76, pp.431-439, 2010.

A. Fire, S. Q. Xu, M. K. Montgomery, S. A. Kostas, S. E. Driver et al., Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans, Nature, vol.391, pp.806-811, 1998.

R. S. Flannagan, G. Cosio, and S. Grinstein, Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies, Nat Rev Microbiol, vol.7, pp.355-366, 2009.

P. G. Fleury, E. Goyard, J. Mazurié, S. Claude, J. F. Bouget et al., Le réseau REMORA de suivi de la croissance des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, 1999.

, analyse des premières tendances (1993-98) en Bretagne

E. Fleury, A. Huvet, C. Lelong, J. De-lorgeril, V. Boulo et al., Generation and analysis of a 29,745 unique Expressed Sequence Tags from the Pacific oyster, BMC Genomics, vol.10, p.341, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00435769

E. Fleury, J. Moal, V. Boulo, J. Y. Daniel, D. Mazurais et al., Microarray-Based Identification of Gonad Transcripts Differentially Expressed Between Lines of Pacific Oyster Selected to Be Resistant or Susceptible to Summer Mortality, Marine Biotechnology, vol.12, pp.326-339, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00438081

M. E. Fortier, S. Kent, H. Ashdown, S. Poole, P. Boksa et al., The viral mimic, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, induces fever in rats via an interleukin-1-dependent mechanism, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, vol.287, pp.759-766, 2004.

D. A. Fraser, S. S. Bohlson, N. Jasinskiene, N. Rawal, G. Palmarini et al., C1q and MBL, components of the innate immune system, influence monocyte cytokine expression, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.80, pp.107-116, 2006.

C. S. Friedman, R. M. Estes, N. A. Stokes, C. A. Burge, J. S. Hargove et al., Herpes virus in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas from Tomales Bay, California, coincides with summer mortality episodes, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.63, pp.33-41, 2005.

L. L. Fu, J. B. Shuai, Z. R. Xu, J. R. Li, and W. F. Li, Immune responses of Fenneropenaeus chinensis against white spot syndrome virus after oral delivery of VP28 using Bacillus subtilis as vehicles, Fish Shellfish Immunol, vol.28, pp.49-55, 2010.

M. Fuhrmann, V. B.-petton, N. Quillien, B. Faury, F. Morga et al., Salinity influences disease-induced mortality of the oyster Crassostrea gigas and infectivity of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.8, pp.543-552, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01483190

M. Futo, S. A. Armitage, and J. Kurtz, Microbiota Plays a Role in Oral Immune Priming in Tribolium castaneum, Front Microbiol, vol.6, p.1383, 2015.

B. Gagnaire, H. Frouin, K. Moreau, H. Thomas-guyon, and T. Renault, Effects of temperature and salinity on haemocyte activities of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), vol.20, pp.536-547, 2006.

J. Galindo-villegas, D. Garcia-moreno, S. Oliveira, J. Meseguer, and V. Mulero, Regulation of immunity and disease resistance by commensal microbes and chromatin modifications during zebrafish development, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.109, pp.2605-2614, 2012.

L. Galluzzi, I. Vitale, J. M. Abrams, E. S. Alnemri, E. H. Baehrecke et al., Molecular definitions of cell death subroutines: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death, Cell Death and Differentiation, vol.19, pp.107-120, 2012.

P. S. Galstoff, The american oyster Crassotrea virginica, Gmelin, 1964.

M. P. Gantier and B. R. Williams, The response of mammalian cells to double-stranded RNA, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, vol.18, pp.363-371, 2007.

C. Garcia, I. Arzul, B. Chollet, M. Robert, E. Omnes et al., Summer Mortality Outbreaks of French Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas since 2008: Results of the Repamo Network Surveillance, Journal of Shellfish Research, vol.30, pp.508-508, 2011.

C. Gareau, E. Houssin, D. Martel, L. Coudert, S. Mellaoui et al., Characterization of fragile X mental retardation protein recruitment and dynamics in Drosophila stress granules, Plos One, vol.8, p.55342, 2013.

M. Garnier, Y. Labreuche, and J. L. Nicolas, Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Vibrio aestuarianus subsp francensis subsp nov., a pathogen of the oyster Crassostrea gigas, Systematic and Applied Microbiology, vol.31, pp.358-365, 2008.

M. Gay, T. Renault, A. M. Pons, and F. L. Roux, Two Vibrio splendidus related strains collaborate to kill Crassostrea gigas: taxonomy and host alterations, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.62, pp.65-74, 2004.

B. Genard, P. Miner, J. L. Nicolas, D. Moraga, P. Boudry et al., Integrative Study of Physiological Changes Associated with Bacterial Infection in Pacific Oyster Larvae, Plos One, vol.8, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00833831

M. Gerdol, P. Venier, and A. Pallavicini, The genome of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas brings new insights on the massive expansion of the C1 q gene family in Bivalvia, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.49, pp.59-71, 2015.

M. Gonzalez, Y. Gueguen, G. Desserre, J. De-lorgeril, B. Romestand et al., Molecular characterization of two isoforms of defensin from hemocytes of the oyster Crassostrea gigas, Dev Comp Immunol, 2006.

M. Gonzalez, Y. Gueguen, D. Destoumieux-garzon, B. Romestand, J. Fievet et al., Evidence of a bactericidal permeability increasing protein in an invertebrate, the Crassostrea gigas Cg-BPI, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.104, pp.17759-17764, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00258926

M. Gonzalez, B. Romestand, J. Fievet, A. Huvet, M. C. Lebart et al., Evidence in oyster of a plasma extracellular superoxide dismutase which binds LPS, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.338, pp.1089-1097, 2005.

E. Goyard, REMORA Bilan national de la croissance de l'huître creuse de 1993 à 1995, 1996.

T. J. Green and A. C. Barnes, Inhibitor of REL/NF-KappaB is regulated in Sydney rock oysters in response to specific double-stranded RNA and Vibrio alginolyticus, but the major immune anti-oxidants EcSOD and Prx6 are non-inducible, Fish Shellfish Immunol, vol.27, pp.260-265, 2009.

T. J. Green, K. Helbig, P. Speck, and D. A. Raftos, Primed for success: Oyster parents treated with poly(I:C) produce offspring with enhanced protection against Ostreid herpesvirus type I infection, Molecular Immunology, vol.78, pp.113-120, 2016.

T. J. Green, N. Robinson, T. Chataway, K. Benkendorff, W. O'connor et al., Evidence that the major hemolymph protein of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has antiviral activity against herpesviruses, Antiviral Research, vol.110, pp.168-174, 2014.

T. J. Green, P. Speck, L. Geng, D. Raftos, M. R. Beard et al., Oyster viperin retains direct antiviral activity and its transcription occurs via a signalling pathway involving a heatstable haemolymph protein, Journal of General Virology, vol.96, pp.3587-3597, 2015.

A. Grundhoff and C. S. Sullivan, Virus-encoded microRNAs, Virology, vol.411, pp.325-343, 2011.

Y. Gueguen, R. Bernard, F. Julie, S. Paulina, D. G. Delphine et al., Oyster hemocytes express a proline-rich peptide displaying synergistic antimicrobial activity with a defensin, Mol Immunol, vol.46, pp.516-522, 2009.

Y. Gueguen, J. P. Cadoret, D. Flament, C. Barreau-roumiguiere, A. L. Girardot et al., Immune gene discovery by expressed sequence tags generated from hemocytes of the bacteria-challenged oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Gene, vol.303, pp.139-145, 2003.

Y. Gueguen, A. Herpin, A. Aumelas, J. Garnier, J. Fievet et al., Characterization of a defensin from the oyster Crassostrea gigas -Recombinant production, folding, solution structure, antimicrobial activities, and gene expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, pp.313-323, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00286204

X. M. Guo, Y. He, L. L. Zhang, C. Lelong, and A. Jouaux, Immune and stress responses in oysters with insights on adaptation, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.46, pp.107-119, 2015.

H. S. Hada, P. A. West, J. V. Lee, J. Stemmler, and R. R. Colwell, Vibrio-Tubiashii Sp-Nov, a Pathogen of Bivalve Mollusks, International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, vol.34, pp.1-4, 1984.

E. R. Haine, Y. Moret, M. T. Siva-jothy, and J. Rolff, Antimicrobial Defense and Persistent Infection in Insects, Science, vol.322, pp.1257-1259, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00343225

C. Hamilton, B. T. Lejeune, and R. B. Rosengaus, Trophallaxis and prophylaxis: social immunity in the carpenter ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus, Biology Letters, vol.7, pp.89-92, 2011.

P. C. Hanington and S. M. Zhang, The Primary Role of Fibrinogen-Related Proteins in Invertebrates Is Defense, Not Coagulation, Journal of Innate Immunity, vol.3, pp.17-27, 2011.

C. Hauton and V. J. Smith, Adaptive immunity in invertebrates: a straw house without a mechanistic foundation, Bioessays, vol.29, pp.1138-1146, 2007.

P. Hernandez-martinez, B. Naseri, G. Navarro-cerrillo, B. Escriche, J. Ferre et al., Increase in midgut microbiota load induces an apparent immune priming and increases tolerance to Bacillus thuringiensis, Environ Microbiol, vol.12, pp.2730-2737, 2010.

W. H. Hildemann, R. L. Raison, G. Cheung, C. J. Hull, L. Akaka et al., Immunological Specificity and Memory in a Scleractinian Coral, Nature, vol.270, pp.219-223, 1977.

P. M. Hine, B. Wesney, and B. E. Hay, Herpesviruses associated with mortalities among hatcheryreared larval Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, Dis. Aquat. Organ, vol.12, pp.135-142, 1992.

U. Holmskov, S. Thiel, and J. C. Jensenius, Collectins and ficolins: Humoral lectins of the innate immune defense, Annual Review of Immunology, vol.21, pp.547-578, 2003.

K. Honda, A. Takaoka, and T. Taniguchi, Type I inteferon gene induction by the interferon regulatory factor family of transcription factors, Immunity, vol.25, pp.349-360, 2006.

B. Huang, L. Zhang, L. Li, X. Tang, and G. Zhang, Highly diverse fibrinogen-related proteins in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Fish Shellfish Immunol, vol.43, pp.485-490, 2015.

B. Y. Huang, L. L. Zhang, Y. S. Du, F. Xu, L. Li et al., Characterization of the Mollusc RIG-I/MAVS Pathway Reveals an Archaic Antiviral Signalling Framework in Invertebrates, Scientific Reports, vol.7, 2017.

C. C. Huang and Y. L. Song, Maternal transmission of immunity to white spot syndrome associated virus (WSSV) in shrimp (Penaeus monodon), Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.23, pp.545-552, 1999.

B. Huot, J. Yao, B. L. Montgomery, and S. Y. He, Growth-defense tradeoffs in plants: a balancing act to optimize fitness, Mol Plant, vol.7, pp.1267-1287, 2014.

A. Huvet, E. Fleury, C. Corporeau, V. Quillien, J. Y. Daniel et al., In Vivo RNA Interference of a Gonad-Specific Transforming Growth Factor-beta in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas, Marine Biotechnology, vol.14, pp.402-410, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00724496

A. Huvet, A. Herpin, L. Degremont, Y. Labreuche, J. F. Samain et al., The identification of genes from the oyster Crassostrea gigas that are differentially expressed in progeny exhibiting opposed susceptibility to summer mortality, Gene, vol.343, pp.211-220, 2004.

M. Iizuka, T. Nagasaki, K. G. Takahashi, M. Osada, and N. Itoh, Involvement of Pacific oyster CgPGRP-S1S in bacterial recognition, agglutination and granulocyte degranulation, Dev Comp Immunol, vol.43, pp.30-34, 2014.

N. Itoh and K. G. Takahashi, Distribution of multiple peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the tissues of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, vol.150, pp.409-417, 2008.

K. T. Jeang, RNAi in the regulation of mammalian viral infections, Bmc Biology, vol.10, 2012.

V. E. Jeffries, 3 Vibrio Strains Pathogenic to Larvae of Crassostrea-Gigas and Ostrea-Edulis, Aquaculture, vol.29, pp.201-226, 1982.

M. Jemaa, N. Morin, P. Cavelier, J. Cau, J. M. Strub et al., Adult somatic progenitor cells and hematopoiesis in oysters, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.217, pp.3067-3077, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01059173

C. Jenkins, P. Hick, M. Gabor, Z. Spiers, S. A. Fell et al., Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 micro-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia, Dis Aquat Organ, vol.105, pp.109-126, 2013.

I. Jevtov, M. Zacharogianni, M. M. Van-oorschot, G. Van-zadelhoff, A. Aguilera-gomez et al., TORC2 mediates the heat stress response in Drosophila by promoting the formation of stress granules, J Cell Sci, vol.128, pp.2497-2508, 2015.

Z. H. Jia, H. Zhang, S. Jiang, M. Q. Wang, L. L. Wang et al., Comparative study of two single CRD C-type lectins, CgCLec-4 and CgCLec-5, from pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.59, pp.220-232, 2016.

M. Jinek and J. A. Doudna, A three-dimensional view of the molecular machinery of RNA interference, Nature, vol.457, pp.405-412, 2009.

H. Kato, O. Takeuchi, S. Sato, M. Yoneyama, M. Yamamoto et al., Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses, Nature, vol.441, pp.101-105, 2006.

T. Kawai and S. Akira, Signaling to NF-kappa B by Toll-like receptors, Trends in Molecular Medicine, vol.13, pp.460-469, 2007.

S. E. Keeling, C. L. Brosnahan, R. Williams, E. Gias, M. Hannah et al., New Zealand juvenile oyster mortality associated with ostreid herpesvirus 1-an opportunistic longitudinal study, Dis Aquat Organ, vol.109, pp.231-239, 2014.

C. Kemp, S. Mueller, A. Goto, V. Barbier, S. Paro et al., Broad RNA Interference-Mediated Antiviral Immunity and Virus-Specific Inducible Responses in Drosophila, Journal of Immunology, vol.190, pp.650-658, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02346286

D. C. Kilpatrick, Mannan-binding lectin and its role in innate immunity, Transfusion Medicine, vol.12, pp.335-351, 2002.

C. S. Kim, Z. Kosuke, Y. K. Nam, S. K. Kim, and K. H. Kim, Protection of shrimp (Penaeus chinensis) against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge by double-stranded RNA, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.23, pp.242-246, 2007.

R. P. Kincaid and C. S. Sullivan, Virus-Encoded microRNAs: An Overview and a Look to the Future, PLoS Pathogens, vol.8, 2012.

M. B. Kingsolver, Z. J. Huang, and R. W. Hardy, Insect Antiviral Innate Immunity: Pathways, Effectors, and Connections, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.425, pp.4921-4936, 2013.

T. Kiss, Apoptosis and its functional significance in molluscs, Apoptosis, vol.15, pp.313-321, 2010.

M. Knight, H. D. Arican-goktas, W. Ittiprasert, E. C. Odoemelam, A. N. Miller et al., Schistosomes and snails: a molecular encounter, Front Genet, vol.5, p.230, 2014.

G. Knowles, J. Handlinger, B. Jones, and N. Moltschaniwskyj, Hemolymph chemistry and histopathological changes in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in response to low salinity stress, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.121, pp.78-84, 2014.

M. Konrad, M. L. Vyleta, F. J. Theis, M. Stock, S. Tragust et al., Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies, Plos Biology, vol.10, 2012.

J. Kurtz, Memory in the innate and adaptive immune systems, Microbes and Infection, vol.6, pp.1410-1417, 2004.

J. Kurtz, Specific memory within innate immune systems, Trends Immunol, vol.26, pp.186-192, 2005.

J. Kurtz and S. A. Armitage, Alternative adaptive immunity in invertebrates, Trends Immunol, vol.27, pp.493-496, 2006.

J. Kurtz and K. Franz, Innate defence: evidence for memory in invertebrate immunity, Nature, vol.425, pp.37-38, 2003.

Y. Labreuche, P. Soudant, M. Goncalves, C. Lambert, and J. L. Nicolas, Effects of extracellular products from the pathogenic Vibrio aestuarianus strain 01/32 on lethality and cellular immune responses of the oyster Crassostrea gigas, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.30, pp.367-379, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00629874

Y. Labreuche, A. Veloso, E. De-la, P. S. Vega, R. W. Gross et al., Non-specific activation of antiviral immunity and induction of RNA interference may engage the same pathway in the Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.34, pp.1209-1218, 2010.

Y. Labreuche and G. W. Warr, Insights into the antiviral functions of the RNAi machinery in penaeid shrimp, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.34, pp.1002-1010, 2013.

A. Lacoste, A. Cueff, and S. A. Poulet, P35-sensitive caspases, MAP kinases and Rho modulate beta-adrenergic induction of apoptosis in mollusc immune cells, Journal of Cell Science, vol.115, pp.761-768, 2002.

L. Deuff, R. M. , and T. Renault, Purification and partial genome characterization of a herpes-like virus infecting the Japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Journal of General Virology, vol.80, pp.1317-1322, 1999.

R. M. Ledeuff, T. Renault, and A. Gerard, Effects of temperature on herpes-like virus detection among hatchery-reared larval Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.24, pp.149-157, 1996.

M. S. Lee and Y. J. Min, Signaling pathways downstream of pattern-recognition receptors and their cross talk, Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.76, pp.447-480, 2007.

L. Leibovitz, R. Elston, V. P. Lipovsky, and J. Donaldson, A new disease of larval Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, vol.9, pp.603-615, 1978.

A. Lemire, D. Goudenege, T. Versigny, B. Petton, A. Calteau et al., Populations, not clones, are the unit of vibrio pathogenesis in naturally infected oysters, Isme Journal, vol.9, pp.1523-1531, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02083151

F. Leroux, K. M. Wegner, C. Baker-austin, L. Vezzulli, C. R. Osorio et al., The emergence of Vibrio pathogens in Europe: ecology, evolution, and pathogenesis, vol.6, pp.11-12, 2015.

H. Li, H. Zhang, S. Jiang, W. L. Wang, L. S. Xin et al., A single-CRD C-type lectin from oyster Crassostrea gigas mediates immune recognition and pathogen elimination with a potential role in the activation of complement system, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.44, pp.566-575, 2015.

X. A. Li, Q. H. Liu, L. Hou, and J. Huang, Effect of VP28 DNA vaccine on white spot syndrome virus in Litopenaeus vannamei, Aquaculture International, vol.18, pp.1035-1044, 2010.

Y. X. Li, L. L. Zhang, T. Qu, X. Y. Tang, L. Li et al., Conservation and divergence of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Cell Death & Disease, vol.8, 2017.

H. J. Lim, B. M. Kim, I. J. Hwang, J. S. Lee, I. Y. Choi et al., Thermal stress induces a distinct transcriptome profile in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics, vol.19, pp.62-70, 2016.

T. T. Lin, J. Xing, X. Z. Sheng, X. Q. Tang, and W. B. Zhan, Development of a monoclonal antibody specific to granulocytes and its application for variation of granulocytes in scallop Chlamys farreri after acute viral necrobiotic virus (AVNV) infection, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.30, pp.1348-1353, 2011.

C. Lipart and T. Renault, Herpes-like virus detection in infected Crassostrea gigas spat using DIG-labelled probes, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.101, pp.1-10, 2002.

G. W. Litman, J. P. Rast, and S. D. Fugmann, The origins of vertebrate adaptive immunity, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.10, pp.543-553, 2010.

T. J. Little, N. Colegrave, B. M. Sadd, and P. Schmid-hempel, Studying immunity at the whole organism level, Bioessays, vol.30, pp.404-405, 2008.

T. J. Little and A. R. Kraaijeveld, Ecological and evolutionary implications of immunological priming in invertebrates, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.19, pp.58-60, 2004.

T. J. Little, B. O'connor, N. Colegrave, K. Watt, and A. F. Read, Maternal transfer of strainspecific immunity in an invertebrate, Current Biology, vol.13, pp.489-492, 2003.

R. Liu, L. Qiu, Z. Yu, J. Zi, F. Yue et al., Identification and characterisation of pathogenic Vibrio splendidus from Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) cultured in a low temperature environment, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.114, pp.144-150, 2013.

S. Y. Liu, R. Aliyari, K. Chikere, G. Li, M. D. Marsden et al., Interferon-inducible cholesterol-25-hydroxylase broadly inhibits viral entry by production of 25-hydroxycholesterol, Immunity, vol.38, pp.92-105, 2013.

E. S. Loker, C. M. Adema, S. M. Zhang, and T. B. Kepler, Invertebrate immune systems -not homogeneous, not simple, not well understood, Immunological Reviews, vol.198, pp.10-24, 2004.

B. Longdon, C. Cao, J. Martinez, and F. M. Jiggins, Previous Exposure to an RNA Virus Does Not Protect against Subsequent Infection in Drosophila melanogaster, Plos One, vol.8, 2013.

S. H. Lu and B. R. Cullen, Adenovirus VA1 noncoding RNA can inhibit small interfering RNA and microRNA biogenesis, Journal of Virology, vol.78, pp.12868-12876, 2004.

S. A. Lynch, J. Carlsson, A. O. Reilly, E. Cotter, and S. C. Culloty, A previously undescribed ostreid herpes virus 1 (OsHV-1) genotype detected in the pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Parasitology, vol.139, pp.1526-1532, 2012.

C. Martenot, L. Denechere, P. Hubert, L. Metayer, E. Oden et al., Virulence of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 mu Var in sea water at 16 degrees C and 25 degrees C, Aquaculture, vol.439, pp.1-6, 2015.

C. Martenot, O. Gervais, B. Chollet, M. Houssin, and T. Renault, Haemocytes collected from experimentally infected Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas: Detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 DNA, RNA, and proteins in relation with inhibition of apoptosis, Plos One, vol.12, 2017.

C. Martenot, E. Oden, E. Travaille, J. P. Malas, and M. Houssin, Comparison of two real-time PCR methods for detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.170, pp.86-89, 2010.

C. Martenot, E. Oden, E. Travaille, J. P. Malas, and M. Houssin, Detection of different variants of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas between, vol.160, pp.25-31, 2008.

M. Masood, M. E. Herberstein, D. A. Raftos, and S. V. Nair, Double stranded RNA is processed differently in two oyster species, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.76, pp.285-291, 2017.

V. Matozzo and M. G. Marin, Bivalve immune responses and climate changes: is there a relationship?, Isj-Invertebrate Survival Journal, vol.8, pp.70-77, 2011.

D. Maurer and M. Comps, Mortalites Estivales De l'huitre Crassostrea Gigas Dans Le Bassin d'arcachon: Facteurs Du Milieu, Aspects Biochimioues Et Histologiques. Pathology in Marine Aquaculture, European Aquaculture Society, special Publication N°, 1986.

M. Mcfall-ngai, M. G. Hadfield, T. C. Bosch, H. V. Carey, T. Domazet-loso et al., Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.110, pp.3229-3236, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00972300

F. Mcnab, K. Mayer-barber, A. Sher, A. Wack, and A. O'garra, Type I interferons in infectious disease, Nat Rev Immunol, vol.15, pp.87-103, 2015.

R. Medzhitov, Innate immunity: quo vadis?, Nature Immunology, vol.11, pp.551-553, 2010.

G. Meister and T. Tuschl, Mechanisms of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA, Nature, vol.431, pp.343-349, 2004.

M. F. Mian, A. N. Ahmed, M. Rad, A. Babaian, D. Bowdish et al., Length of dsRNA (poly I:C) drives distinct innate immune responses, depending on the cell type, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.94, pp.1025-1036, 2013.

B. Milutinovi? and J. Kurtz, Immune memory in invertebrates, Seminars in Immunology, vol.28, pp.328-342, 2016.

B. Milutinovic, R. Peuss, K. Ferro, and J. Kurtz, Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle, Zoology, vol.119, pp.254-261, 2016.

T. H. Mogensen, Pathogen Recognition and Inflammatory Signaling in Innate Immune Defenses, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol.22, p.240, 2009.

C. Montagnani, C. Kappler, J. M. Reichhart, and J. M. Escoubas, Cg-Rel, the first Rel/NF-kappa B homolog characterized in a mollusk, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Febs Letters, vol.561, pp.75-82, 2004.

C. Montagnani, Y. Labreuche, and J. M. Escoubas, Cg-IkappaB, a new member of the IkappaB protein family characterized in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Dev Comp Immunol, vol.32, pp.182-190, 2008.

C. Montagnani, F. L. Roux, F. Berthe, and J. M. Escoubas, Cg-TIMP, an inducible tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas with a potential role in wound healing and defense mechanisms(1), FEBS Lett, vol.500, pp.64-70, 2001.

J. F. Montes, M. Durfort, and J. Garciavalero, Cellular Defense-Mechanism of the Clam Tapes Semidecussatus against Infection by the Protozoan Perkinsus Sp, Cell and Tissue Research, vol.279, pp.529-538, 1995.

P. Moreau, N. Faury, T. Burgeot, and T. Renault, Pesticides and Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 Infection in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Plos One, vol.10, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01245509

P. Moreau, K. Moreau, A. Segarra, D. Tourbiez, M. A. Travers et al., Autophagy plays an important role in protecting Pacific oysters from OsHV-1 and Vibrio aestuarianus infections, Autophagy, vol.11, pp.516-526, 2015.

Y. Moret, Trans-generational immune priming': specific enhancement of the antimicrobial immune response in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol.273, pp.1399-1405, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00258228

Y. Moret and P. Schmid-hempel, Survival for immunity: The price of immune system activation for bumblebee workers, Science, vol.290, pp.1166-1168, 2000.

Y. Moret and M. T. Siva-jothy, Adaptive innate immunity? Responsive-mode prophylaxis in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol.270, pp.2475-2480, 2003.

B. Morga, N. Faury, S. Guesdon, B. Chollet, and T. Renault, Haemocytes from Crassostrea gigas and OsHV-1: A promising in vitro system to study host/virus interactions, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2017.

K. Mori and J. E. Stewart, Immunogen-dependent quantitative and qualitative differences in phagocytic responses of the circulating hemocytes of the lobster Homarus americanus, Dis Aquat Organ, vol.69, pp.197-203, 2006.

K. Mori, Effects of Artificial Eutrophication on the Metabolism of the Japanese Oyster Crassostrea gigas, Marine Biology, vol.53, pp.361-369, 1979.

K. Mukherjee, E. Grizanova, E. Chertkova, R. Lehmann, I. Dubovskiy et al., Experimental evolution of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis in the insect model host Galleria mellonella results in epigenetic modifications, pp.1-13, 2017.

H. Myllymaki and M. Ramet, JAK/STAT Pathway in Drosophila Immunity, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, vol.79, pp.377-385, 2014.

Y. Nakanishi, Humoral and cellular responses in innate immunity, Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, vol.126, pp.1207-1212, 2006.

A. Namikoshi, J. L. Wu, T. Yamashita, T. Nishizawa, T. Nishioka et al., Vaccination trials with Penaeus japonicus to induce resistance to white spot syndrome virus, Aquaculture, vol.229, pp.25-35, 2004.

A. Nayak, M. Tassetto, M. Kunitomi, and R. Andino, RNA Interference-Mediated Intrinsic Antiviral Immunity in Invertebrates. Intrinsic Immunity, vol.371, pp.183-200, 2013.

M. G. Netea, Training innate immunity: the changing concept of immunological memory in innate host defence, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.43, pp.881-884, 2013.

M. G. Netea, J. Quintin, and J. W. Van-der-meer, Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.9, pp.355-361, 2011.

M. G. Netea and J. W. Van-der-meer, Trained Immunity: An Ancient Way of Remembering, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.21, pp.297-300, 2017.

M. L. Nguyen and J. A. Blaho, Cellular Players in the Herpes Simplex Virus Dependent Apoptosis Balancing Act, Viruses-Basel, vol.1, pp.965-978, 2009.

J. L. Nicolas, M. Comps, and N. Cochennec, Herpes-like virus infecting Pacific-oyster larvae, Crassostrea gigas, Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol, vol.12, 1992.

P. Nilsen, M. Karlsen, K. Sritunyalucksana, and S. Thitamadee, White spot syndrome virus VP28 specific double-stranded RNA provides protection through a highly focused siRNA population, Scientific Reports, vol.7, 2017.

M. Nonaka, Evolution of the complement system, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.13, pp.69-73, 2001.

M. Nonaka and S. Miyazawa, Evolution of the initiating enzymes of the complement system, Genome Biol, vol.3, p.1001, 2002.

J. Normand, J. L. Blin, and A. Jouaux, Rearing practices identified as risk factors for ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) infection in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas spat, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.110, pp.201-211, 2014.

J. Normand, R. H. Li, V. Quillien, J. L. Nicolas, P. Boudry et al., Contrasted survival under field or controlled conditions displays associations between mRNA levels of candidate genes and response to OsHV-1 infection in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Marine Genomics, vol.15, pp.95-102, 2014.

P. Norouzitallab, K. Baruah, P. Biswas, D. Vanrompay, and P. Bossier, Probing the phenomenon of trained immunity in invertebrates during a transgenerational study, using brine shrimp Artemia as a model system, Sci Rep, vol.6, p.21166, 2016.

B. Novoa, A. Romero, A. L. Alvarez, R. Moreira, P. Pereiro et al., Antiviral Activity of Myticin C Peptide from Mussel: an Ancient Defense against Herpesviruses, Journal of Virology, vol.90, pp.7692-7702, 2016.

E. Ottaviani, A. Accorsi, G. Rigillo, D. Malagoli, J. M. Blom et al., Epigenetic modification in neurons of the mollusc Pomacea canaliculata after immune challenge, Brain Res, vol.1537, pp.18-26, 2013.

L. Owens and S. Malham, Review of the RNA interference pathway in molluscs including some possibilities for use in bivalves in aquaculture, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol.3, pp.87-89, 2015.

Z. K. Pan, C. Fisher, J. D. Li, Y. Jiang, S. Huang et al., Bacterial LPS up-regulated TLR3 expression is critical for antiviral response in human monocytes: evidence for negative regulation by CYLD, International Immunology, vol.23, pp.357-364, 2011.

P. N. Paradkar, L. Trinidad, R. Voysey, J. B. Duchemin, and P. J. Walker, Secreted Vago restricts West Nile virus infection in Culex mosquito cells by activating the Jak-STAT pathway, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.109, pp.18915-18920, 2012.

K. Park and A. L. Scott, Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase production by dendritic cells and macrophages is regulated by type I interferons, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.88, pp.1081-1087, 2010.

I. Paul-pont, N. K. Dhand, and R. J. Whittington, Spatial distribution of mortality in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas: reflection on mechanisms of OsHV-1 transmission, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.105, pp.127-138, 2013.

L. Payton, M. Perrigault, C. Hoede, J. C. Massabuau, M. Sow et al., Remodeling of the cycling transcriptome of the oyster Crassostrea gigas by the harmful algae Alexandrium minutum, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01605998

J. F. Pepin, A. Riou, and T. Renault, Rapid and sensitive detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 in oyster samples by real-time PCR, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.149, pp.269-276, 2008.

J. A. Perdue, J. H. Beattie, and K. K. Chew, Some relationships between gametogenic cycle and summer mortality phenomenon in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in Washington State, 1981.

F. Pernet, C. Lupo, C. Bacher, and R. J. Whittington, Infectious diseases in oyster aquaculture require a new integrated approach, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol.371, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01483233

B. Petton, M. Bruto, A. James, Y. Labreuche, M. Alunno-bruscia et al., Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease, Frontiers in Microbiology, vol.6, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01216445

B. Petton, F. Pernet, R. Robert, and P. Boudry, Temperature influence on pathogen transmission and subsequent mortalities in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.3, pp.257-273, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00946757

L. N. Pham, M. S. Dionne, M. Shirasu-hiza, and D. S. Schneider, A specific primed immune response in Drosophila is dependent on phagocytes, PLoS Pathogens, vol.3, p.26, 2007.

A. Pichlmair, O. Schulz, C. P. Tan, T. I. Naslund, P. Liljestrom et al., RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses to single-stranded RNA bearing 5 '-phosphates, Science, vol.314, pp.997-1001, 2006.

D. Piedade and J. M. Azevedo-pereira, The Role of microRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Herpesvirus Infection, Viruses-Basel, vol.8, 2016.

S. Pinaud, Aspects fonctionnel et evolutif de l'immunite? me?oire chez les invertebre? : l'escargot vecteur de la Bilharziose intestinale Biomphalaria glabrata comme nouvel organisme modele, 2014.

K. P. Plant, H. Harbottle, and R. L. Thune, Poly I:C induces an antiviral state against Ictalurid Herpesvirus 1 and Mx1 transcription in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), Dev Comp Immunol, vol.29, pp.627-635, 2005.

E. C. Pope, A. Powell, E. C. Roberts, R. J. Shields, R. Wardle et al., Enhanced Cellular Immunity in Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) after 'Vaccination', Plos One, vol.6, 2011.

S. J. Poynter and S. J. Dewitte-orr, Length-dependent innate antiviral effects of doublestranded RNA in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cell line, RTG-2, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.46, pp.557-565, 2015.

M. Prado-alvarez, G. Darmody, S. Hutton, A. O'reilly, S. A. Lynch et al., Occurrence of OsHV-1 in Crassostrea gigas Cultured in Ireland during an Exceptionally Warm Summer. Selection of Less Susceptible Oysters, Frontiers in Physiology, vol.7, 2016.

T. Qu, L. L. Zhang, W. Wang, B. Y. Huang, Y. X. Li et al., Characterization of an inhibitor of apoptosis protein in Crassostrea gigas clarifies its role in apoptosis and immune defense, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.51, pp.74-78, 2015.

J. Quintin, S. Saeed, J. H. Martens, E. J. Giamarellos-bourboulis, D. C. Ifrim et al., Candida albicans Infection Affords Protection against Reinfection via Functional Reprogramming of Monocytes, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.12, pp.223-232, 2012.

J. Quintin, S. Saeed, J. H. Martens, E. J. Giamarellos-bourboulis, D. C. Ifrim et al., Candida albicans induces monocyte training via epigenetic reprogramming through a dectin-1-dependent pathway, Mycoses, vol.55, pp.58-58, 2012.

E. Rances, Y. X. Ye, M. Woolfit, E. A. Mcgraw, and S. L. O'neill, The Relative Importance of Innate Immune Priming in Wolbachia-Mediated Dengue Interference, PLoS Pathogens, vol.8, 2012.

R. E. Randall and S. Goodbourn, Interferons and viruses: an interplay between induction, signalling, antiviral responses and virus countermeasures, Journal of General Virology, vol.89, pp.1-47, 2008.

A. Reber and M. Chapuisat, No Evidence for Immune Priming in Ants Exposed to a Fungal Pathogen, Plos One, vol.7, 2012.

S. Reikine, J. B. Nguyen, and Y. Modis, Pattern recognition and signaling mechanisms of RIG-I and MDA5, Frontiers in Immunology, vol.5, 2014.

W. C. Ren, H. X. Chen, T. Renault, Y. Y. Cai, C. M. Bai et al., Complete genome sequence of acute viral necrosis virus associated with massive mortality outbreaks in the Chinese scallop, Chlamys farreri, Virology Journal, vol.10, 2013.

T. Renault, R. M. Le-deuff, C. Lipart, and C. Delsert, Development of a PCR procedure for the detection of a herpes-like virus infecting oysters in France, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.88, pp.41-50, 2000.

T. Renault, R. M. Ledeuff, N. Cochennec, B. Chollet, and P. Maffart, Herpes-Like Viruses Associated with High Mortality Levels in Larvae and Spat of Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea-Gigas -a Comparative-Study, the Thermal Effects on Virus Detection in Hatchery-Reared Larvae, Reproduction of the Disease in Axenic Larvae, Veterinary Research, vol.26, pp.539-543, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00902389

T. Renault, R. M. Ledeuff, N. Cochennec, and P. Maffart, Herpesviruses Associated with Mortalities among Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea-Gigas, in France -Comparative-Study, Revue De Medecine Veterinaire, vol.145, pp.735-742, 1994.

T. Renault, P. Moreau, N. Faury, J. F. Pepin, A. Segarra et al., Analysis of Clinical Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 (Malacoherpesviridae) Specimens by Sequencing Amplified Fragments from Three Virus Genome Areas, Journal of Virology, vol.86, pp.5942-5947, 2012.

T. Renault and B. Novoa, Viruses infecting bivalve molluscs, Autophagy in antiviral innate immunity. Cellular Microbiology, vol.17, pp.368-376, 2004.

J. Robalino, T. C. Bartlett, R. W. Chapman, P. S. Gross, C. L. Browdy et al., Doublestranded RNA and antiviral immunity in marine shrimp: Inducible host mechanisms and evidence for the evolution of viral counter-responses, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.31, pp.539-547, 2007.

J. Robalino, C. L. Browdy, S. Prior, A. Metz, P. Parnell et al., Induction of antiviral immunity by double-stranded RNA in a marine invertebrate, Journal of Virology, vol.78, pp.10442-10448, 2004.

S. Roberts, G. Goetz, S. White, and F. Goetz, Analysis of genes isolated from plated hemocytes of the Pacific oyster, Crassostreas gigas, Mar Biotechnol (NY), vol.11, pp.24-44, 2009.

J. Rodrigues, F. A. Brayner, L. C. Alves, R. Dixit, and C. Barillas-mury, Hemocyte differentiation mediates innate immune memory in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, Science, vol.329, pp.1353-1355, 2010.

A. Rohfritsch, N. Bierne, P. Boudry, S. Heurtebise, F. Cornette et al., Population genomics shed light on the demographic and adaptive histories of European invasion in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Evolutionary Applications, vol.6, pp.1064-1078, 2013.

B. Roizman and A. Sears, An Inquiry into the mechanisms of herpes simplex virus latency, Annu. Rev. Microbiol, vol.41, pp.543-571, 1987.

A. Roque, N. Carrasco, K. B. Andree, B. Lacuesta, L. Elandaloussi et al., First report of OsHV-1 microvar in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) cultured in Spain, Aquaculture, vol.324, pp.303-306, 2012.

R. D. Rosa, J. De-lorgeril, P. Tailliez, R. Bruno, D. Piquemal et al., A hemocyte gene expression signature correlated with predictive capacity of oysters to survive Vibrio infections, BMC Genomics, vol.13, p.252, 2012.

R. D. Rosa, A. Santini, J. Fievet, P. Bulet, D. Destoumieux-garzon et al., Big defensins, a diverse family of antimicrobial peptides that follows different patterns of expression in hemocytes of the oyster Crassostrea gigas, Plos One, vol.6, p.25594, 2011.

U. Rosani, A. Pallavicini, and P. Venice, The miRNA biogenesis in marine bivalves, 2016.

U. Rosani and P. Venier, Oyster RNA-seq Data Support the Development of Malacoherpesviridae Genomics, Frontiers in Microbiology, vol.8, 2017.

O. Roth, G. Joop, H. Eggert, J. Hilbert, J. Daniel et al., Paternally derived immune priming for offspring in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.79, pp.403-413, 2010.

O. Roth, B. M. Sadd, P. Schmid-hempel, and J. Kurtz, Strain-specific priming of resistance in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, Proc Biol Sci, vol.276, pp.145-151, 2009.

N. Rout, S. Kumar, S. Jaganmohan, and V. Murugan, DNA vaccines encoding viral envelope proteins confer protective immunity against WSSV in black tiger shrimp, Vaccine, vol.25, pp.2778-2786, 2007.

A. F. Rowley and A. Powell, Invertebrate immune systems specific, quasi-specific, or nonspecific?, J Immunol, vol.179, pp.7209-7214, 2007.

J. Royet, D. Gupta, and R. Dziarski, Peptidoglycan recognition proteins: modulators of the microbiome and inflammation, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.11, pp.837-851, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01692785

D. K. Rozelle, C. M. Filone, N. Kedersha, and J. H. Connor, Activation of stress response pathways promotes formation of antiviral granules and restricts virus replication, Mol Cell Biol, vol.34, pp.2003-2016, 2014.

T. Rubio, Diversité des mécanismes d'interactions des vibrios du clade Splendidus et de leur hôte, l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, 2014.

B. M. Sadd, Y. Kleinlogel, R. Schmid-hempel, and P. Schmid-hempel, Trans-generational immune priming in a social insect, Biology Letters, vol.1, pp.386-388, 2005.

B. M. Sadd and P. Schmid-hempel, Insect immunity shows specificity in protection upon secondary pathogen exposure, Current Biology, vol.16, pp.1206-1210, 2006.

B. M. Sadd and P. Schmid-hempel, Facultative but persistent transgenerational immunity via the mother's eggs in bumblebees, Current Biology, vol.17, pp.1046-1047, 2007.

B. M. Sadd and P. Schmid-hempel, A distinct infection cost associated with trans-generational priming of antibacterial immunity in bumble-bees, Biol Lett, vol.5, pp.798-801, 2009.

S. Saeed, J. Quintin, H. H. Kerstens, N. A. Rao, A. Aghajanirefah et al., Epigenetic programming of monocyteto-macrophage differentiation and trained innate immunity, Science, vol.345, p.1251086, 2014.

H. Salmela, G. V. Amdam, and D. Freitak, Transfer of Immunity from Mother to Offspring Is Mediated via Egg-Yolk Protein Vitellogenin, PLoS Pathogens, vol.11, p.1005015, 2015.

D. Salvi and P. Mariottini, Molecular taxonomy in 2D: a novel ITS2 rRNA sequence-structure approach guides the description of the oysters' subfamily Saccostreinae and the genusMagallana(Bivalvia: Ostreidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016.

J. Samain and H. Mccombie, Summer Mortality of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas:The Morest Project, 2008.

C. L. Sansone, J. Cohen, A. Yasunaga, J. Xu, G. Osborn et al., Microbiota-Dependent Priming of Antiviral Intestinal Immunity in Drosophila, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.18, pp.571-581, 2015.

C. Sauvage, P. Boudry, D. J. De-koning, C. S. Haley, S. Heurtebise et al., QTL for resistance to summer mortality and OsHV-1 load in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), Animal Genetics, vol.41, pp.390-399, 2010.

C. Sauvage, J. F. Pepin, S. Lapegue, P. Boudry, and T. Renault, Ostreid herpes virus 1 infection in families of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, during a summer mortality outbreak: Differences in viral DNA detection and quantification using real-time PCR, Virus Research, vol.142, pp.181-187, 2009.

K. W. Savin, B. G. Cocks, F. Wong, T. Sawbridge, N. Cogan et al., A neurotropic herpesvirus infecting the gastropod, abalone, shares ancestry with oyster herpesvirus and a herpesvirus associated with the amphioxus genome, Virology Journal, vol.7, 2010.

D. Schikorski, T. Renault, D. Saulnier, N. Faury, P. Moreau et al., Experimental infection of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas spat by ostreid herpesvirus 1: demonstration of oyster spat susceptibility, Veterinary Research, vol.42, p.27, 2011.

P. Schmid-hempel, Natural insect host-parasite systems show immune priming and specificity: puzzles to be solved, Bioessays, vol.27, pp.1026-1034, 2005.

P. Schmitt, M. Duperthuy, C. Montagnani, E. Bachere, and D. Destoumieux-garzon, Immune responses in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. An overview with focus on summer mortalities. . Pages 227-273 in, Oysters: Physiology, Ecological Distribution and Mortality. Nova publishers, 2011.

P. Schmitt, Y. Gueguen, E. Desmarais, E. Bachere, and J. De-lorgeril, Molecular diversity of antimicrobial effectors in the oyster Crassostrea gigas, BMC Evol Biol, vol.10, p.23, 2010.

P. Schmitt, R. D. Rosa, M. Duperthuy, J. De-lorgeril, E. Bachere et al., The Antimicrobial Defense of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas. How Diversity may Compensate for Scarcity in the Regulation of Resident/Pathogenic Microflora, Front Microbiol, vol.3, p.160, 2012.

H. Schulenburg, C. Boehnisch, and N. K. Michiels, How do invertebrates generate a highly specific innate immune response?, Mol Immunol, vol.44, pp.3338-3344, 2007.

R. A. Schwenke, B. P. Lazzaro, and M. F. Wolfner, Reproduction-Immunity Trade-Offs in Insects, Annu Rev Entomol, vol.61, pp.239-256, 2016.

P. D. Scotti, S. C. Dearing, and D. R. Greenwood, Characterisation of cavortin, the major haemolymph protein of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.41, pp.91-101, 2007.

A. Segarra, L. Baillon, D. Tourbiez, A. Benabdelmouna, N. Faury et al., Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 replication and host response in adult Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, Veterinary Research, vol.45, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01290599

A. Segarra, N. Faury, J. F. Pepin, and T. Renault, Transcriptomic study of 39 ostreid herpesvirus 1 genes during an experimental infection, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.119, pp.5-11, 2014.

A. Segarra, F. Mauduit, N. Faury, S. Trancart, L. Degremont et al., Dual transcriptomics of virus-host interactions: comparing two Pacific oyster families presenting contrasted susceptibility to ostreid herpesvirus 1, BMC Genomics, vol.15, 2014.

G. C. Sen and G. A. Peters, Viral stress-inducible genes, Advances in Virus Research, vol.70, pp.233-263, 2007.

Y. Shimahara, J. Kurita, I. Kiryu, T. Nishioka, K. Yuasa et al., Surveillance of Type 1 Ostreid Herpesvirus (OsHV-1) Variants in Japan, Fish Pathology, vol.47, pp.129-136, 2012.

M. Simpson-holley, N. Kedersha, K. Dower, K. H. Rubins, P. Anderson et al., Formation of antiviral cytoplasmic granules during orthopoxvirus infection, J Virol, vol.85, pp.1581-1593, 2011.

I. S. Singh, M. Manjusha, S. S. Pai, and R. Philip, Fenneropenaeus indicus is protected from white spot disease by oral administration of inactivated white spot syndrome virus, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.66, pp.265-270, 2005.

T. Sminia and W. P. Vanderknaap, Cells and Molecules in Molluscan Immunology, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.11, pp.17-28, 1987.

S. F. Snieszko, The effects of environmental stress on outbreaks of infectious diseases of fishes, J. Fish Biol, vol.6, pp.197-208, 1974.

G. Sugumar, T. Nakai, Y. Hirata, D. Matsubara, and K. Muroga, Vibrio splendidus biovar II as the causative agent of bacillary necrosis of Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.33, pp.111-118, 1998.

J. C. Sun, J. N. Beilke, and L. L. Lanier, Adaptive Immune Features of Natural Killer Cells, Journal of Immunology, vol.182, 2009.

N. Taris, R. P. Lang, P. W. Reno, and M. D. Camara, Transcriptome response of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to infection with Vibrio tubiashii using cDNA AFLP differential display, Anim Genet, vol.40, pp.663-677, 2009.

A. T. Tate, P. Andolfatto, J. P. Demuth, and A. L. Graham, The within-host dynamics of infection in trans-generationally primed flour beetles, Molecular Ecology, vol.26, pp.3794-3807, 2017.

K. Terahara, K. G. Takahashi, A. Nakamura, M. Osada, M. Yoda et al., Differences in integrin-dependent phagocytosis among three hemocyte subpopulations of the Pacific oyster "Crassostrea gigas, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.30, pp.667-683, 2006.

J. F. Traniello, R. B. Rosengaus, and K. Savoie, The development of immunity in a social insect: Evidence for the group facilitation of disease resistance, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.99, pp.6838-6842, 2002.

M. A. Travers, K. B. Miller, A. Roque, and C. S. Friedman, Bacterial diseases in marine bivalves, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.131, pp.11-31, 2015.

A. M. Van-der-laan, A. M. Van-gemert, R. W. Dirks, J. N. Noordermeer, L. G. Fradkin et al., mRNA cycles through hypoxia-induced stress granules in live Drosophila embryonic muscles, Int J Dev Biol, vol.56, pp.701-709, 2012.

J. W. Van-der-meer, L. A. Joosten, N. Riksen, and M. G. Netea, Trained immunity: A smart way to enhance innate immune defence, Molecular Immunology, vol.68, pp.40-44, 2015.

A. S. Vanhove, T. P. Rubio, A. N. Nguyen, A. Lemire, D. Roche et al., Copper homeostasis at the host vibrio interface: lessons from intracellular vibrio transcriptomics, Environmental Microbiology, vol.18, pp.875-888, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01311061

R. Vasquez-yeomans, J. Caceres-martinez, and A. F. Huerta, Herpes-like virus associated with eroded gills of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in Mexico, Journal of Shellfish Research, vol.23, pp.417-419, 2004.

L. Vezzulli, E. Pezzati, M. Stauder, L. Stagnaro, P. Venier et al., Aquatic ecology of the oyster pathogens Vibrio splendidus and Vibrio aestuarianus, Environmental Microbiology, vol.17, pp.1065-1080, 2015.

A. Vilcinskas, The role of epigenetics in host-parasite coevolution: lessons from the model host insects Galleria mellonella and Tribolium castaneum, Zoology (Jena), vol.119, pp.273-280, 2016.

L. Wang, X. Song, and L. Song, The oyster immunity. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 2017.

P. H. Wang, S. P. Weng, and J. G. He, Nucleic acid-induced antiviral immunity in invertebrates: An evolutionary perspective, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.48, pp.291-296, 2015.

P. H. Wang, L. S. Yang, Z. H. Gu, S. P. Weng, X. Q. Yu et al., Nucleic acid-induced antiviral immunity in shrimp, Antiviral Research, vol.99, pp.270-280, 2013.

W. L. Wang, T. Zhang, L. L. Wang, J. C. Xu, M. J. Li et al., A new non-phagocytic TLR6 with broad recognition ligands from Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.65, pp.182-190, 2016.

X. B. Wang, Q. F. Wu, T. Ito, F. Cillo, W. X. Li et al., RNAimediated viral immunity requires amplification of virus-derived siRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.107, pp.484-489, 2010.

X. Y. Wang, E. R. Hinson, and P. Cresswell, The interferon-inducible protein viperin inhibits influenza virus release by perturbing lipid rafts, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.2, pp.96-105, 2007.

F. L. Watson, R. Puttmann-holgado, F. Thomas, D. L. Lamar, M. Hughes et al., Extensive diversity of Ig-superfamily proteins in the immune system of insects, Science, vol.309, pp.1874-1878, 2005.

S. C. Webb, A. Fidler, and T. Renault, Primers for PCR-based detection of ostreid herpes virus-1 (OsHV-1): Application in a survey of New Zealand molluscs, Aquaculture, vol.272, pp.126-139, 2007.

A. N. Weber, S. Tauszig-delamasure, J. A. Hoffmann, E. Lelievre, H. Gascan et al., Binding of the Drosophila cytokine Spatzle to Toll is direct and establishes signaling, Nature Immunology, vol.4, pp.794-800, 2003.

R. Whittington, I. Paul-pont, and N. Dhand, /053 Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS) -understanding biotic and abiotic environmental and husbandry effects to reduce economic losses ISBN, pp.97-105, 2011.

J. Witteveldt, C. C. Cifuentes, J. M. Vlak, and M. C. Van-hulten, Protection of Penaeus monodon against White Spot Syndrome Virus by Oral Vaccination, Journal of Virology, vol.78, pp.2057-2061, 2004.

J. Y. Xia, C. M. Bai, C. M. Wang, X. L. Song, and J. Huang, Complete genome sequence of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 associated with mortalities of Scapharca broughtonii broodstocks, Virology Journal, vol.12, 2015.

F. Xu, X. T. Wang, Y. Feng, W. Huang, W. Wang et al., Identification of Conserved and Novel MicroRNAs in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas by Deep Sequencing, Plos One, vol.9, 2014.

K. Yamaura, K. G. Takahashi, and T. Suzuki, Identification and tissue expression analysis of Ctype lectin and galectin in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, vol.149, pp.168-175, 2008.

-. ,

C. Zanchi, J. P. Troussard, G. Martinaud, J. Moreau, and Y. Moret, Differential expression and costs between maternally and paternally derived immune priming for offspring in an insect, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.80, pp.1174-1183, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00634641

C. Zanchi, J. P. Troussard, J. Moreau, and Y. Moret, Relationship between maternal transfer of immunity and mother fecundity in an insect, Proc Biol Sci, vol.279, pp.3223-3230, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00717793

G. Zhang, X. Fang, X. Guo, L. Li, R. Luo et al., The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation, 2012.

L. L. Zhang, L. Li, X. M. Guo, G. W. Litman, L. J. Dishaw et al., Massive expansion and functional divergence of innate immune genes in a protostome, Scientific Reports, vol.5, 2015.

L. L. Zhang, L. Li, and G. F. Zhang, A Crassostrea gigas Toll-like receptor and comparative analysis of TLR pathway in invertebrates, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.30, pp.653-660, 2011.

L. L. Zhang, L. Li, and G. F. Zhang, Gene discovery, comparative analysis and expression profile reveal the complexity of the Crassostrea gigas apoptosis system, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.35, pp.603-610, 2011.

R. Zhang, R. Liu, L. S. Xin, H. Chen, C. H. Li et al., A CgIFNLP receptor from Crassostrea gigas and its activation of the related genes in human JAK/STAT signaling pathway, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.65, pp.98-106, 2016.

S. Zhang, Z. Wang, and H. Wang, Maternal immunity in fish, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.39, pp.72-78, 2013.

S. M. Zhang and E. S. Loker, The FREP gene family in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata: additional members, and evidence consistent with alternative splicing and FREP retrosequences, Developmental and Comparative Immunology, vol.27, pp.175-187, 2003.

Y. Zhang, X. C. He, F. Yu, Z. M. Xiang, J. Li et al., Characteristic and Functional Analysis of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) in the lophotrocozoan, Crassostrea gigas, Reveals Ancient Origin of TLR-Mediated Innate Immunity, Plos One, vol.8, 2013.

X. L. Zhao, H. Yu, L. F. Kong, and Q. Li, Transcriptomic Responses to Salinity Stress in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas, Plos One, vol.7, 2012.

X. L. Zhao, H. Yu, L. F. Kong, S. K. Liu, and Q. Li, Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Oysters, Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea hongkongensis Provides Insights into Adaptation to Hypo-Osmotic Conditions, Plos One, vol.9, 2014.

Z. Zhou, L. L. Wang, L. S. Song, R. Liu, H. Zhang et al., The Identification and Characteristics of Immune-Related MicroRNAs in Haemocytes of Oyster Crassostrea gigas, Plos One, vol.9, 2014.

, Annexe : Bilan des valorisations, activités de recherche et d'enseignement Valorisations : -Publications scientifiques

A. Jouaux, M. Lafont, J. Blin, M. Houssin, M. Mathieu et al., Physiological change under OsHV-1 contamination in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas through massive mortality events on fields, BMC genomics, p.14, 2013.

M. Lafont, B. Petton, A. Vergnes, M. Pauletto, A. Segarra et al., Long-lasting antiviral innate immune priming in the Lophotrochozoan Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01632346

M. Lafont, Molecular mechanisms underlying antiviral innate immune priming in the Lophotrochozoan Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas

M. Lafont, Transgenerational antiviral immune priming in the Pacific oyster C. gigas. En préparation

. De-lorgeril, Cracking the code of oyster polymicrobial disease: herpesvirus fosters bacterial septicemia by compromizing oyster antibacterial defenses. En préparation

M. Lafont, G. M. Charrière, B. Gourbal, and C. Montagnani, Molecular mechanisms and specificity of immune priming in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

M. Lafont and C. Et-montagnani, Bilan de l'avancée des travaux sur le priming antiviral auprès du Comité Régional de la conchyliculture en Méditerranée, 2014.

M. Lafont and C. Et-montagnani, , pp.2014-2016

M. Lafont, B. Gourbal, C. Montagnani, and . Workshop, Innate Immune Memory In Invertebrates". 30 Mars, 2016.

M. Lafont, B. Gourbal, and C. Montagnani, Evidence for antiviral immune priming and immune memory in a Lophotrochozoan, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Innate Immune Memory conference, 14-16 Mars, Wellcome Genome Campus, 2017.

M. Lafont, B. Gourbal, and C. Montagnani, Evidence for antiviral immune priming and immune memory in a Lophotrochozoan, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, 2017.