T. Benedek, Parenthood as a developmental phase; a contribution to the libido theory, J Am Psychoanal Assoc, vol.7, issue.3, pp.389-417, 1959.

R. Serpa, S. Suardi, and F. , Le stress, quel lien avec l'attachement dans la transition à la parentalité ?, Stress et grossesse : quelle prévention pour quel risque ? Toulouse: Érès, pp.133-174, 2011.

K. A. Grant, C. Mcmahon, and M. P. Austin, Maternal anxiety during the transition to parenthood: a prospective study, J Affect Disord, vol.108, issue.1-2, pp.101-112, 2008.

D. Schetter, C. Tanner, and L. , Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice, Curr Opin Psychiatry, vol.25, issue.2, pp.141-149, 2012.

B. R. Van-den-bergh and A. Marcoen, High antenatal maternal anxiety is related to ADHD symptoms, externalizing problems, and anxiety in 8-and 9-yearolds, Child Dev, vol.75, issue.4, pp.1085-97, 2004.

A. C. Huizink, E. J. Mulder, P. G. Robles-de-medina, G. H. Visser, and J. K. Buitelaar, Is pregnancy anxiety a distinctive syndrome, Early Hum Dev, vol.79, issue.2, pp.81-91, 2004.

D. Schetter and C. , Psychological science on pregnancy: stress processes, biopsychosocial models, and emerging research issues, Annu Rev Psychol, vol.62, pp.531-58, 2011.

R. J. Brunton, R. Dryer, A. Saliba, and J. Kohlhoff, Pregnancy anxiety: a systematic review of current scales, J Affect Disord, vol.176, pp.24-34, 2015.

C. Guardino and C. D. Schetter, Understanding pregnancy anxiety: concepts, correlates, and consequences, Zero to Three, vol.34, issue.4, pp.12-21, 2014.

A. M. Lee, S. K. Lam, S. M. Sze-mun-lau, C. S. Chong, H. W. Chui et al., Prevalence, course, and risk factors for antenatal anxiety and depression, Obstet Gynecol, vol.110, issue.5, pp.1102-1114, 2007.

S. Somerville, K. Dedman, R. Hagan, E. Oxnam, M. Wettinger et al., The Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale: development and preliminary validation, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.17, issue.5, pp.443-54, 2014.

E. R. Blackmore, H. Gustafsson, M. Gilchrist, C. Wyman, and T. , Pregnancyrelated anxiety: evidence of distinct clinical significance from a prospective longitudinal study, J Affect Disord, vol.197, pp.251-259, 2016.

A. Huizink, B. Menting, M. Oosterman, M. Verhage, F. Kunseler et al., The interrelationship between pregnancy-specific anxiety and general anxiety across pregnancy: a longitudinal study, J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol, vol.35, issue.3, pp.92-100, 2014.

S. Matthey, B. Valenti, K. Souter, R. , and C. , Comparison of four self-report measures and a generic mood question to screen for anxiety during pregnancy in English-speaking women, J Affect Disord, vol.148, issue.2-3, pp.347-51, 2013.

E. Robert, H. David, N. Reeves, S. Goron, and S. Delfosse, Adaptation à la maternité : évolution discontinue de l'anxiété en pré-et en post-partum et valeur prédictive des différents types d'anxiété, Devenir, vol.20, issue.2, pp.151-71, 2008.

R. Meades and S. Ayers, Anxiety measures validated in perinatal populations: a systematic review, J Affect Disord, vol.133, issue.1-2, pp.1-15, 2011.

F. Alderdice, F. Lynn, and M. Lobel, A review and psychometric evaluation of pregnancy-specific stress measures, J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, vol.33, issue.2, pp.62-77, 2012.

M. Lobel, D. L. Cannella, J. E. Graham, C. Devincent, J. Schneider et al., Pregnancy-specific stress, prenatal health behaviors, and birth outcomes, Health Psychol, vol.27, issue.5, pp.604-619, 2008.

G. K. Madhavanprabhakaran, D. Souza, M. S. Nairy, and K. S. , Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors, Int J Afr Nurs Sci, vol.3, pp.1-7, 2015.

H. Rouhe, K. Salmela-aro, E. Halmesmaki, and T. Saisto, Fear of childbirth according to parity, gestational age, and obstetric history, BJOG, vol.116, issue.1, pp.67-73, 2009.

A. C. Huizink, M. J. Delforterie, N. M. Scheinin, M. Tolvanen, L. Karlsson et al., Adaption of pregnancy anxiety questionnaire-revised for all pregnant women regardless of parity: PRAQ-R2, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.19, issue.1, pp.125-157, 2016.

N. Reeves and J. Wendland, , vol.65, pp.211-218, 2017.

S. C. Roesch, C. D. Schetter, G. Woo, and C. J. Hobel, Modeling the types and timing of stress in pregnancy, Anxiety Stress Coping, vol.17, issue.1, pp.87-102, 2004.

J. Bowlby, A secure base: parent-child attachment and healthy human development. Basic books, 2008.

R. Miljkovitch, Les fondations du lien amoureux. Presses universitaires de France, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01016096

K. Pascuzzo, C. Cyr, E. Moss, and V. Lecompte, La régulation émotionnelle en tant que médiateur du lien entre l'attachement à l'adolescence et l'attachement amoureux à l'âge adulte, Rev Que Psychol, vol.32, issue.2, pp.1-22, 2011.

R. Miljkovitch, L'attachement au cours de la vie, 2001.

N. Guédeney, J. Fermanian, and A. Bifulco, La version française du Relationship Scales Questionnaire de Bartholomew (RSQ, Questionnaire des échelles de relation) : étude de validation du construit, Encephale, vol.36, issue.1, pp.69-76, 2010.

C. Hazan and P. Shaver, Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.52, issue.3, pp.511-535, 1987.

K. Bartholomew and L. M. Horowitz, Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.61, issue.2, pp.226-270, 1991.

D. W. Griffin and K. Bartholomew, Models of the self and other: fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.67, issue.3, p.430, 1994.

M. Ainsworth, M. C. Blehar, E. Waters, and S. N. Wall, Patterns of attachment: a psychological study of the strange situation, 2015.

M. Ikeda, M. Hayashi, and K. Kamibeppu, The relationship between attachment style and postpartum depression, Attach Hum Dev, vol.16, issue.6, pp.557-72, 2014.

C. Monk, K. L. Leight, and Y. Fang, The relationship between women's attachment style and perinatal mood disturbance: implications for screening and treatment, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.11, issue.2, pp.117-146, 2008.

M. Mikulincer and V. Florian, Maternal-fetal bonding, coping strategies, and mental health during pregnancy-The contribution of attachment style, J Soc Clin Psychol, vol.18, issue.3, pp.255-76, 1999.

C. Mazzeschi, C. Pazzagli, G. Radi, V. Raspa, and L. Buratta, Antecedents of maternal parenting stress: the role of attachment style, prenatal attachment, and dyadic adjustment in first-time mothers, Front Psychol, vol.6, p.1443, 2015.

J. Feeney, R. Alexander, P. Noller, and L. Hohaus, Attachment insecurity, depression, and the transition to parenthood, Pers Relationships, vol.10, issue.4, pp.475-93, 2003.

C. Pazzagli, L. Laghezza, M. Capurso, C. Sommella, F. Lelli et al., Antecedents and consequences of fear of childbirth in nulliparous and parous women, Infant Ment Health J, vol.36, issue.1, pp.62-74, 2015.

R. Hart and C. A. Mcmahon, Mood state and psychological adjustment to pregnancy, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.9, issue.6, pp.329-366, 2006.

H. Bayrampour, S. Mcdonald, and S. Tough, Risk factors of transient and persistent anxiety during pregnancy, Midwifery, vol.31, issue.6, pp.582-591, 2015.

J. A. Simpson, W. S. Rholes, L. Campbell, S. Tran, and C. L. Wilson, Adult attachment, the transition to parenthood, and depressive symptoms, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.84, issue.6, pp.1172-87, 2003.

A. Bifulco, B. Figueiredo, N. Guedeney, L. L. Gorman, S. Hayes et al., Maternal attachment style and depression associated with childbirth: preliminary results from a European and US cross-cultural study, Br J Psychiatry Suppl, vol.46, pp.31-38, 2004.

A. Buist, N. Gotman, and K. A. Yonkers, Generalized anxiety disorder: course and risk factors in pregnancy, J Affect Disord, vol.131, issue.1-3, pp.277-83, 2011.

C. Mcmahon, B. Barnett, N. Kowalenko, and C. Tennant, Psychological factors associated with persistent postnatal depression: past and current relationships, defence styles and the mediating role of insecure attachment style, J Affect Disord, vol.84, issue.1, pp.15-24, 2005.

P. Meredith and P. Noller, Attachment and infant difficultness in postnatal depression, J Fam Issues, vol.24, issue.5, pp.668-86, 2003.

V. Meuti, F. Aceti, N. Giacchetti, G. M. Carluccio, M. Zaccagni et al., Perinatal depression and patterns of attachment: a critical risk factor?, Depress Res Treat, p.105012, 2015.

T. K. Robakis, K. E. Williams, S. Crowe, K. W. Lin, J. Gannon et al., Maternal attachment insecurity is a potent predictor of depressive symptoms in the early postnatal period, J Affect Disord, vol.190, pp.623-654, 2016.

E. Scharfe, Cause or consequence? Exploring causal links between attachment and depression, J Soc Clin Psychol, vol.26, issue.9, pp.1048-64, 2007.

R. B. Wilkinson and R. Mulcahy, Attachment and interpersonal relationships in postnatal depression, J Reprod Infant Psychol, vol.28, issue.3, pp.252-65, 2010.

W. S. Rholes, J. A. Simpson, J. L. Kohn, C. L. Wilson, A. M. Martin-3rd et al., Attachment orientations and depression: a longitudinal study of new parents, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.100, issue.4, pp.567-86, 2011.

D. Clout and R. Brown, Marital relationship. Attachment predictors of postpartum stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, J Soc Clin Psychol, vol.35, issue.4, pp.322-363, 2016.

M. Steen, A. Jones, and B. Woodworth, Anxiety, bonding and attachment during pregnancy, the transition to parenthood and psychotherapy, Br J Midwifery, vol.21, issue.12, pp.844-50, 2013.

J. C. Van-bussel, B. Spitz, and K. Demyttenaere, Anxiety in pregnant and postpartum women. An exploratory study of the role of maternal orientations, J Affect Disord, vol.114, issue.1-3, pp.232-274, 2009.

T. Trillingsgaard, A. Elklit, M. Shevlin, and R. D. Maimburg, Adult attachment at the transition to motherhood: predicting worry, health care utility and relationship functioning, J Reprod Infant Psychol, vol.29, issue.4, pp.354-63, 2011.

N. L. Collins, Working models of attachment: implications for explanation, emotion and behavior, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.71, issue.4, pp.810-842, 1996.

J. M. Green, K. Kafetsios, H. E. Statham, and C. M. Snowdon, Factor structure, validity and reliability of the Cambridge Worry Scale in a pregnant population, J Health Psychol, vol.8, issue.6, pp.753-64, 2003.

J. Raphael-leff, Facilitators and regulators: two approaches to mothering, Br J Med Psychol, vol.56, pp.379-90, 1983.

J. A. Dipietro, M. M. Ghera, K. Costigan, and M. Hawkins, Measuring the ups and downs of pregnancy stress, J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, vol.25, issue.3-4, pp.189-201, 2004.

M. West, A. Sheldon, and L. Reiffer, An approach to the delineation of adult attachment. Scale development and reliability, J Nerv Ment Dis, vol.175, issue.12, pp.738-779, 1987.

V. Hendrick, L. Altshuler, T. Strouse, and S. Grosser, Postpartum and nonpostpartum depression: differences in presentation and response to pharmacologic treatment, Depress Anxiety, vol.11, issue.2, pp.66-72, 2000.

P. Ravitz, R. Maunder, J. Hunter, B. Sthankiya, and W. Lancee, Adult attachment measures: a 25-year review, J Psychosom Res, vol.69, issue.4, pp.419-451, 2010.

J. Bowlby, The making and breaking of affectional bonds, 2012.

. Alderdice-f, . Lynn-f, and . Lobel-m, A review and psychometric evaluation of pregnancyspecific stress measures, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, vol.33, issue.2, pp.62-77, 2012.

. Benedek-t, « Parenthood as a developmental phase, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, vol.7, pp.379-417, 1959.

J. Bonapace, Accoucher sans stress avec la méthode Bonapace, Editions de l'Homme, 2009.

. Burstein-i, . A. Kinch-r, and . Stern-l, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol.118, issue.2, pp.195-199, 1974.

. Bydlowski-m, Le regard intérieur de la femme enceinte, transparence psychique et représentation de l'objet interne, vol.13, pp.41-52, 2001.

. Capponi-i and . Horbacz-c, Femmes en transition vers la maternité : sur qui comptentelles ? », Dialogue, vol.175, p.115, 2007.

D. H. , La mère suffisamment folle, pp.77-101, 2006.

J. Dayan, G. Andro, and . Dugnat-m, Psychopathologie de la périnatalité et de la parentalité, deuxième édition, 2015.

. Dunkel-schetter-c, Psychological science on pregnancy : Stress processes, biopsychosocial models, and emerging research issues, Annual Review Psychology, vol.62, pp.531-558, 2011.

C. M. Guardino and . D. Dunkel-schetter-c, « Coping during pregnancy : A systematic review and recommendations, Health Psychology Review, vol.8, issue.1, pp.70-94, 2014.

. C. Huizink-a, . G. De-medina-p, . J. Mulder-e, . H. Visser-g, and J. K. Buitelaar, « Coping in normal pregnancy, Annals of Behavioral Medicine, vol.24, issue.2, pp.132-140, 2002.

. C. Huizink-a, . J. Mulder-e, . G. De-medina-p, . H. Visser-g, and J. K. Buitelaar, Is pregnancy anxiety a distinctive syndrome ? », Early Human Development, vol.79, pp.81-91, 2004.

. S. Kramer-m, J. Lydon, and . Seguin-l, « Stress pathways to spontaneous preterm birth : The role of stressors, psychological distress, and stress hormones, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.169, issue.11, pp.1319-1326, 2009.

. S. Lazarus-r and . Folkman-s, Stress, appraisal, and coping, 1984.

. Leifer-m, « Psychological changes accompanying pregnancy and motherhood, Genetic Psychology Monographs, vol.95, issue.1, pp.55-96, 1977.

. Lussier-v, H. David, J. F. Saucier, and . Borgeat-f, Enjeux maternels et dépression postnatale: rupture ou continuité, vol.6, pp.7-26, 1994.

H. L. Melender, « Fears and coping strategies associated with pregnancy and childbirth in Finland, Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, vol.47, issue.4, pp.256-263, 2002.

. Molenat-f, Accompagnement et alliance en cours de grossesse, Editions Fabert, 2013.

. Molenat-f, Naissances : pour une éthique de la prévention, 2001.

P. Paille and . Mucchielli-a, L'analyse qualitative en sciences humaines et sociales, (3 e édi-tion), 2012.

P. C. Speiss and M. Thevenot-a, Expérience de passivité et affects d'angoisse dans le temps de la grossesse, vol.192, pp.137-148, 2011.

. C. Racamier-p, C. Sens, and . Carretier-l, La mère et l'enfant dans les psychoses du post-partum », L'Evolution Psychiatrique, vol.26, pp.525-570, 1961.

R. , Psychological processes of childbearing

A. Centre, , 2005.

. Reeves-n, B. Boch, . Pelletier-v, J. Theriault, and . Krymko-bleton-i, « Pregnant women's anxiety, in their choice of professional who will follow their pregnancy », Archives of Women's Mental Health, vol.16, 2013.

R. E. David, H. Reeves-n, S. Goron, and . Delfosse-s, Adaptation à la maternité : évolution discontinue de l'anxiété en pré-et en post-partum et valeur prédictive des diffé-rents types d'anxiété », Devenir, vol.20, pp.151-171, 2008.

J. Schaeffer, Le refus du féminin, 1997.

C. Schauder, Prévention en périnatalité : Etude comparative interculturelle de l'attente des femmes et des hommes d'aujourd'hui en période périnatale, au regard de la démarche préventive d'éducation à la parentalité, 2007.

. Sjogren-b, « Reasons for anxiety about childbirth in 100 pregnant women, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, vol.18, issue.4, pp.266-272, 1997.

. Devenir, , vol.28, pp.43-64, 2016.

. Standley-k, . Soule-b, and S. A. Copans, « Dimensions of prenatal anxiety and their influence on pregnancy outcome, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol.135, issue.1, pp.22-26, 1979.

. L. Sutter-dallay-a, . Giaconne-marcesche-v, . Glatigny-dallay-e, and . Verdoux-h, Women with anxiety disorders during pregnancy are at increased risk of intense postnatal depressive symptoms : A prospective survey of the MATQUID cohort, European Psychiatry, vol.19, issue.8, pp.459-463, 2004.

. Van-den, . R. Bergh-b, and . Marcoen-a, High antenatal maternal anxiety is related to ADHD symptoms, externalizing problems, and anxiety in 8-and 9-year-olds, Child Development, vol.75, issue.4, pp.1085-1097, 2004.

. M. Yali-a and . Lobel-m, Coping and distress in pregnancy : An investigation of medically high risk women », Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, vol.20, issue.1, pp.39-52, 1999.

. M. Yali-a and . Lobel-m, Stress-resistance resources and coping in pregnancy, vol.15, pp.289-309, 2002.

R. Arch and J. J. , Pregnancy-specific anxiety: which women are highest and what are the alcohol-related risks?, Compr Psychiatry, vol.54, pp.217-228, 2013.

M. Backstrom and B. M. Holmes, Measuring adult attachment: a construct validation of two self-report instruments, Scand J Psychol, vol.42, pp.79-86, 2001.

K. Bartholomew and L. M. Horowitz, Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model, Journal of personality and social psychology, vol.61, pp.226-244, 1991.

H. Bayrampour, S. Mcdonald, and S. Tough, Risk factors of transient and persistent anxiety during pregnancy Midwifery, vol.31, pp.582-589, 2015.

A. Biaggi, S. Conroy, S. Pawlby, and C. M. Pariante, Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review, J Affect Disord, vol.191, pp.62-77, 2016.

A. Bifulco, Maternal attachment style and depression associated with childbirth: preliminary results from a European and US cross-cultural study, The British journal of psychiatry Supplement, vol.46, pp.31-37, 2004.

E. R. Blackmore, H. Gustafsson, M. Gilchrist, C. Wyman, G. O'-connor et al., Pregnancyrelated anxiety: Evidence of distinct clinical significance from a prospective longitudinal study, J Affect Disord, vol.197, pp.251-258, 2016.

M. M. Blair, L. M. Glynn, C. A. Sandman, and E. P. Davis, Stress, vol.14, pp.644-651, 2011.

A. Buist, N. Gotman, and K. A. Yonkers, Generalized anxiety disorder: course and risk factors in pregnancy, J Affect Disord, vol.131, pp.277-283, 2011.

, H5.2-Les femmes enceintes qui ont un niveau élevé à la dimension « consensus » d'ajustement conjugal (RDAS) auront des scores bas d'ASG (PRAQ) et d'AG

, Cette hypothèse est confirmée pour tous les types d'anxiété (AG, ASG)

, H5.3-Les femmes enceintes qui ont un niveau élevé à la dimension « satisfaction » d'ajustement conjugal (RDAS) auront des scores bas d'ASG (PRAQ) et d'AG

, Cette hypothèse est partiellement confirmée, la mesure d'AG « trait » n'est pas significativement corrélée avec la dimension « satisfaction

, H5.4-Les femmes enceintes qui ont un niveau élevé à la dimension « cohésion » d'ajustement conjugal (RDAS) auront des scores bas d'ASG (PRAQ) et d'AG

, Cette hypothèse est confirmée pour tous les types d'anxiété (AG, ASG)

H. , La qualité du soutien social dont les femmes enceintes bénéficient aura un impact sur l'AG

, H6.1 -Les femmes enceintes qui ont un score élevé de satisfaction à l'égard du soutien social perçu (SSQ6) auront des scores bas d'anxiété spécifique à la grossesse (PRAQ) et d'AG

, Cette hypothèse est confirmée pour tous les types d'anxiété

, H6.2 -Les femmes enceintes qui ont un score élevé de disponibilité à l'égard du soutien social perçu (SSQ6) auront des scores bas d'ASG (PRAQ) et d'AG

, Cette hypothèse est confirmée pour tous les types d'anxiété

, Le style d'attachement de la femme enceinte influera sur ses niveaux d'AG et d'ASG

, H7.1-Les femmes enceintes qui ont un score élevé pour le style d'attachement préoccupé (RSQ) auront des scores élevés d'ASG (PRAQ) et d'AG (STAI-Y)

, Cette hypothèse est confirmée pour tous les types d'anxiété

, 2-Les femmes enceintes qui ont un score élevé pour le style d'attachement « sécure » (RSQ) auront des scores bas d'ASG

, Cette hypothèse n'est pas confirmée ni pour l'AG ni pour l'ASG

F. Adouard, N. M. Glangeaud-freudenthal, and B. Et-golse, Validation of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) in a sample of women with highrisk pregnancies in France, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.8, issue.2, pp.89-95, 2005.

F. Alderdice, F. Lynn, and M. Lobel, A review and psychometric evaluation of pregnancy-specific stress measures, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol.33, issue.2, pp.62-77, 2012.

, Pregnancy-specific anxiety: which women are highest and what are the alcohol-related risks?, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders : DSM-5, vol.54, pp.217-228, 2013.

M. Backstrom and B. M. Holmes, Measuring adult attachment: a construct validation of two self-report instruments, Scand J Psychol, vol.42, issue.1, pp.79-86, 2001.

J. Baillargeon, G. Dubois, and R. Marineau, Traduction française de l'Échelle d'ajustement dyadique. Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, vol.18, pp.25-34, 1986.

K. Bartholomew and L. M. Horowitz, Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.61, issue.2, pp.226-244, 1991.

M. Bay-smadja and H. Rahoui, La thérapie interpersonnelle basée sur la théorie de l'attachement. De Klerman à bowlby, Annales médico-psychologiques, vol.173, issue.6, pp.547-552, 2015.

B. Bayle, L'enfant à naitre Identité conceptionnelle et gestation psychique, 2005.

H. Bayrampour, E. Ali, D. A. Mcneil, K. Benzies, G. Macqueen et al., Pregnancy-related anxiety: A concept analysis, Int J Nurs Stud, vol.55, pp.115-130, 2016.

H. Bayrampour, M. Heaman, K. A. Duncan, and S. Tough, Advanced maternal age and risk perception: a qualitative study, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol.12, p.100, 2012.

H. Bayrampour, S. Mcdonald, and S. Tough, Risk factors of transient and persistent anxiety during pregnancy, Midwifery, issue.6, pp.582-589, 2015.

O. Bernazzani, J. F. Saucier, H. David, and F. Borgeat, Psychosocial factors related to emotional disturbances during pregnancy, J Psychosom Res, vol.42, issue.4, pp.391-402, 1997.

A. Biaggi, S. Conroy, S. Pawlby, and C. M. Pariante, Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review, J Affect Disord, vol.191, pp.62-77, 2016.

G. L. Bibring, Some considerations of the psychological processes in pregnancy, vol.14, pp.113-121, 1959.

G. L. Bibring, T. F. Dwyer, D. S. Huntington, and A. F. Et-valenstein, A study of the psychological processes in pregnancy and of the earliest mother-child relationship, Psychoanal Study of the Child, vol.16, pp.9-72, 1961.

A. Bifulco, B. Figueiredo, N. Guedeney, L. L. Gorman, S. Hayes et al., Maternal attachment style and depression associated with childbirth: preliminary results from a European and US cross-cultural study, Br J Psychiatry Suppl, vol.46, pp.31-37, 2004.

E. R. Blackmore, D. Cote-arsenault, W. Tang, V. Glover, J. Evans et al., Previous prenatal loss as a predictor of perinatal depression and anxiety, Br J Psychiatry, vol.198, issue.5, pp.373-378, 2011.

E. R. Blackmore, H. Gustafsson, M. Gilchrist, C. Wyman, G. O'-connor et al., Pregnancy-related anxiety: Evidence of distinct clinical significance from a prospective longitudinal study, J Affect Disord, vol.197, pp.251-258, 2016.

M. M. Blair, L. M. Glynn, C. A. Sandman, and E. P. Davis, Prenatal maternal anxiety and early childhood temperament, Stress, vol.14, issue.6, pp.644-651, 2011.

M. Blais and S. Martineau, L'analyse inductive générale: description d'une démarche visant à donner un sens à des données brutes, Recherches qualitatives, vol.26, issue.2, pp.1-18, 2006.

C. Bocquet and P. Deruelle, Quelles échelles psychométriques utiliser pour évaluer l'état psychologiques de la femme enceinte?, J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod, issue.8, pp.587-592, 2014.

J. Bowlby, Attachement et perte, vol.2, 1973.

T. B. Brazelton and A. Et-heidelise, Quatre stades précoces au cours du développement de la relation mère-nourrisson, pp.397-418, 1981.

R. J. Brunton, R. Dryer, A. Saliba, and J. Kohlhoff, Pregnancy anxiety: A systematic review of current scales, J Affect Disord, vol.176, pp.24-34, 2015.

A. Buist, N. Gotman, and K. A. Yonkers, Generalized anxiety disorder: course and risk factors in pregnancy, J Affect Disord, vol.131, issue.1-3, pp.277-283, 2011.

I. Burstein, R. A. Kinch, and L. Stern, Anxiety, pregnancy, labor and the neonate, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.118, issue.2, pp.195-199, 1974.

D. M. Busby, C. Christensen, D. R. Crane, and J. H. Et-larson, A revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale for use with distressed and nondistressed couples: Construct hierarchy and multidimensional scales, Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, vol.21, issue.3, pp.289-308, 1995.

M. Bydlowski, Le regard intérieur de la femme enceinte, transparence psychique et représentation de l'objet interne, Devenir, vol.13, issue.2, pp.41-52, 2001.

I. Capponi, F. Bacro, and A. H. Boudoukha, Effets différentiels des types de soutien social sur l'anxiété maternelle périnatale, vol.66, pp.209-224, 2013.

I. Capponi and C. Horbacz, Femmes en transition vers la maternité : sur qui comptent-elles ?, Dialogue, vol.175, issue.1, pp.115-127, 2007.

J. Caron and S. Guay, , 2005.

, Sante Ment Que, vol.30, issue.2, pp.15-41

L. Chertok, Féminité et maternité, 1966.

N. L. Collins, Working models of attachment: implications for explanation, emotion and behavior, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.71, issue.4, pp.810-832, 1996.

N. L. Collins and S. J. Read, Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.58, issue.4, pp.644-663, 1990.

A. Conde, B. Figueiredo, and A. Bifulco, Attachment style and psychological adjustment in couples, Attach Hum Dev, vol.13, issue.3, pp.271-291, 2011.

D. Cote-arsenault, The influence of perinatal loss on anxiety in multigravidas, J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, vol.32, issue.5, pp.623-629, 2003.

D. Cote-arsenault, K. L. Donato, and S. S. Earl, Watching & worrying: early pregnancy after loss experiences, MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs, issue.6, pp.356-363, 2006.

J. L. Cox, J. M. Holden, and R. Sagovsky, Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Br J Psychiatry, vol.150, pp.782-786, 1987.

D. Da-costa, W. Brender, and J. Larouche, A prospective study of the impact of psychosocial and lifestyle variables on pregnancy complications, J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, vol.19, issue.1, pp.28-37, 1998.

D. Dacosta, J. Larouche, M. Dritsa, and W. Brender, Variations in stress levels over the course of pregnancy, J Psychosom Res, vol.47, issue.6, pp.609-621, 1999.

S. Daniells, B. F. Grenyer, W. S. Davis, K. J. Coleman, J. A. Burgess et al., Gestational diabetes mellitus: is a diagnosis associated with an increase in maternal anxiety and stress in the short and intermediate term? Diabetes Care, vol.26, pp.385-389, 2003.

J. Dayan, G. Andro, and M. Dugnat, Psychopathologie de la périnatalité et de la parentalité, 2014.

J. Dayan, C. Creveuil, M. N. Marks, S. Conroy, M. Herlicoviez et al., Prenatal depression, prenatal anxiety, and spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective cohort study among women with early and regular care, Santé Mentale au Québec, vol.68, issue.6, pp.199-202, 1986.

F. De-montigny and K. St-arneault, Devenir et être mère, La naissance de la famille Accompagner les parents et les enfants en période périnatale, pp.146-163, 2012.

C. De-tychey, B. Spitz, S. Briancon, M. L. Costantini, C. Messembourg et al., Prévalence de la dépression prénatale et stratégies de coping, Neuropsychiatr Enfance Adolesc, vol.52, pp.261-265, 2004.

C. De-tychey, E. Spitz, S. Briancon, J. Lighezzolo, F. Girvan et al.,

S. Vincent, Pre-and postnatal depression and coping: a comparative approach, J Affect Disord, vol.85, issue.3, pp.323-326, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02174041

D. Schetter and C. , Psychological science on pregnancy: stress processes, biopsychosocial models, and emerging research issues, Annu Rev Psychol, vol.62, pp.531-558, 2011.

D. Schetter, C. Niles, A. N. Guardino, C. M. Khaled, M. Kramer et al., , 2016.

, Psychosocial Predictors of Pregnancy Anxiety. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, vol.30, pp.421-429

D. Schetter, C. Tanner, and L. , Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice, Curr Opin Psychiatry, vol.25, issue.2, pp.141-148, 2012.

J. Evans, J. Heron, H. Francomb, S. Oke, and J. Golding, Cohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and after childbirth, BMJ, vol.323, issue.7307, pp.257-260, 2001.

K. Evans, H. Spiby, and C. J. Morrell, A psychometric systematic review of selfreport instruments to identify anxiety in pregnancy, J Adv Nurs, vol.71, issue.9, 1986.

N. Fairbrother, A. H. Young, P. Janssen, M. M. Antony, and E. Tucker, Depression and anxiety during the perinatal period, BMC Psychiatry, vol.15, p.206, 2015.

A. Faisal-cury and P. Et-rossi-menezes, Prevalence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in a private setting sample, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.10, issue.1, pp.25-32, 2007.

T. Field, M. Diego, M. Hernandez-reif, B. Figueiredo, O. Deeds et al.,

C. Kuhn, Comorbid depression and anxiety effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcome, Infant Behav Dev, vol.33, issue.1, pp.23-29, 2010.

C. Fortier, J. Wright, and S. Sabourin, Soutien social et abandon de la consultation médicale en clinique de fertilité, International Journal of Psychology, vol.27, issue.1, pp.33-48, 1992.

T. Gallois, J. Wendland, and S. Et-tordjman, Effets du stress prénatal sur le foetus et les données périnatales: une revue critique de la littérature. L'évolution psychiatrique, vol.77, pp.291-301, 2012.

J. Gaugue-finot, E. Devouche, J. Wendland, and I. Varescon, Repérage de la dépression prénatale dans un échantillon de femmes françaises : liens avec la détresse psychologique, l'anxiété et le soutien social perçcu, Neuropsychiatr Enfance Adolesc, vol.58, pp.441-447, 2010.

R. H. Glazier, F. J. Elgar, V. Goel, and S. Holzapfel, Stress, social support, and emotional distress in a community sample of pregnant women, J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, vol.25, issue.3-4, pp.247-255, 2004.

J. H. Goodman, K. L. Chenausky, and M. P. Freeman, Anxiety disorders during pregnancy: a systematic review, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.75, issue.10, pp.1153-1184, 2014.

K. A. Grant, C. Mcmahon, and M. P. Austin, Maternal anxiety during the transition to parenthood: a prospective study, J Affect Disord, vol.108, issue.1-2, pp.101-111, 2008.

J. M. Green, K. Kafetsios, H. E. Statham, and C. M. Et-snowdon, Factor structure, validity and reliability of the Cambridge Worry Scale in a pregnant population, J Health Psychol, vol.8, issue.6, pp.753-764, 2003.

D. W. Griffin and K. Bartholomew, Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.67, issue.3, p.430, 1994.

C. M. Guardino and C. Schetter, Understanding pregnancy anxiety: concepts, correlates, and consequences. Zero to Three, vol.34, pp.12-21, 2014.

N. Guedeney and J. Et-fermanian, Validation study of the French version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS): new results about use and psychometric properties, Eur Psychiatry, vol.13, issue.2, pp.80023-80023, 1998.

N. Guédeney, J. Fermanian, and A. Bifulco, La version française du Relationship Scales Questionnaire de Bartholomew (RSQ, Questionnaire des échelles de relation): étude de validation du construit, vol.36, pp.69-76, 2010.

M. D. Gunning, F. C. Denison, C. J. Stockley, S. P. Ho, H. K. Sandhu et al., Assessing maternal anxiety in pregnancy with the State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI): issues of validity, location and participation, Journal of Reproductive & Infant Psychology, vol.28, issue.3, pp.266-273, 2010.

R. A. Gurung, C. Dunkel-schetter, N. Collins, C. Rini, and C. J. Hobel, Psychosocial predictors of prenatal anxiety, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, vol.24, issue.4, pp.497-519, 2005.

T. S. Harpel, Fear of the unknown: ultrasound and anxiety about fetal health, Health (London), vol.12, issue.3, pp.295-312, 2008.

V. Hendrick, L. Altshuler, T. Strouse, and S. Grosser, Postpartum and nonpostpartum depression: differences in presentation and response to pharmacologic treatment, Depress Anxiety, vol.11, issue.2, pp.66-72, 2000.

J. Heron, T. G. O'connor, J. Evans, J. Golding, V. Glover et al., The course of anxiety and depression through pregnancy and the postpartum in a community sample, J Affect Disord, vol.80, issue.1, pp.65-73, 2004.

T. H. Holmes and R. H. Et-rahe, The Social Readjustment Rating Scale, J Psychosom Res, vol.11, issue.2, pp.213-218, 1967.

L. M. Howard, E. Molyneaux, C. L. Dennis, T. Rochat, A. Stein et al., Nonpsychotic mental disorders in the perinatal period, Lancet, vol.384, issue.9956, pp.61276-61285, 2014.

A. C. Huizink, M. J. Delforterie, N. M. Scheinin, M. Tolvanen, L. Karlsson et al., Adaption of pregnancy anxiety questionnaire-revised for all pregnant women regardless of parity: PRAQ-R2, Archives of Women's Mental Health, vol.19, issue.1, pp.125-132, 2015.

A. C. Huizink, B. Menting, M. Oosterman, M. L. Verhage, F. C. Kunseler et al., The interrelationship between pregnancy-specific anxiety and general anxiety across pregnancy: a longitudinal study, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol.35, issue.3, pp.92-100, 2014.

A. C. Huizink, E. J. Mulder, P. G. Robles-de-medina, G. H. Visser, and J. K. Buitelaar, Is pregnancy anxiety a distinctive syndrome, Early Hum Dev, vol.79, issue.2, pp.81-91, 2004.

M. Ikeda, M. Hayashi, and K. Kamibeppu, The relationship between attachment style and postpartum depression, Attach Hum Dev, vol.16, issue.6, pp.557-572, 2014.

H. S. Kane, C. Schetter, L. M. Glynn, C. J. Hobel, and C. A. Et-sandman, Pregnancy anxiety and prenatal cortisol trajectories, Biol Psychol, vol.100, pp.13-19, 2014.

S. Kendig, J. P. Keats, M. C. Hoffman, L. B. Kay, E. S. Miller et al.,

L. A. Lemieux, Consensus Bundle on Maternal Mental Health: Perinatal Depression and Anxiety, Obstet Gynecol, vol.129, issue.3, pp.422-430, 2017.

J. Kornelsen, K. Stoll, and S. Grzybowski, Development and psychometric testing of the Rural Pregnancy Experience Scale (RPES), J Nurs Meas, vol.19, issue.2, pp.115-128, 2011.

M. S. Kramer, J. Lydon, L. Seguin, L. Goulet, S. R. Kahn et al., Stress pathways to spontaneous preterm birth: the role of stressors, psychological distress, and stress hormones, Am J Epidemiol, vol.169, issue.11, pp.1319-1326, 2009.

M. Landry, L'adaptation française d'un questionnaire d'anxiété : Fidélité, validité et normalisation avec une population étudiante deniveau collégial, 1976.

R. S. Lazarus and S. Et-folkman, Stress, Appraisal, and coping, 1984.

A. M. Lee, S. K. Lam, S. M. Sze-mun-lau, C. S. Chong, H. W. Chui et al., , 2007.

, Prevalence, course, and risk factors for antenatal anxiety and depression, Obstet Gynecol, vol.110, issue.5, pp.1102-1112

J. S. Levin, The factor structure of the Pregnancy Anxiety Scale, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, vol.32, issue.4, pp.368-381, 1991.

G. Ling-ling, J. L. Xiao, L. F. Bai, and X. Wen, Predictors of childbirth fear among pregnant Chinese women: A cross-sectionnal questionnaire survey, 2015.

H. L. Littleton, C. R. Breitkopf, and A. B. Et-berenson, Correlates of anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and association with perinatal outcomes: a meta-analysis, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.196, issue.5, pp.424-432, 2007.

M. Lobel, D. L. Cannella, J. E. Graham, C. Devincent, J. Schneider et al., Pregnancy-specific stress, prenatal health behaviors, and birth outcomes, Health Psychol, vol.27, issue.5, pp.604-615, 2008.

V. Lussier, H. David, J. F. Saucier, and F. Borgeat, Enjeux maternels et dépression post-natale : rupture ou continuité. Devenir, vol.6, pp.7-26, 1994.

G. K. Madhavanprabhakaran, M. S. Souza, and K. S. Nairy, Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors, International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, vol.3, pp.1-7, 2015.

S. Matthey and C. Ross-hamid, The validity of DSM symptoms for depression and anxiety disorders during pregnancy, J Affect Disord, vol.133, issue.3, pp.546-552, 2011.

S. Matthey, B. Valenti, K. Souter, and C. Ross-hamid, Comparison of four selfreport measures and a generic mood question to screen for anxiety during pregnancy in English-speaking women, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.148, issue.2-3, pp.347-351, 2013.

C. Mazzeschi, C. Pazzagli, G. Radi, V. Raspa, and L. Buratta, Antecedents of maternal parenting stress: the role of attachment style, prenatal attachment, and dyadic adjustment in first-time mothers, Frontiers in Psychology, vol.6, p.1443, 2015.

C. A. Mcmahon, J. Boivin, F. L. Gibson, K. Hammarberg, K. Wynter et al., Pregnancy-specific anxiety, ART conception and infant temperament at 4 months post-partum, Hum Reprod, vol.28, issue.4, pp.997-1005, 2013.

R. Meades and S. Ayers, Anxiety measures validated in perinatal populations: a systematic review, J Affect Disord, vol.133, issue.1-2, pp.1-15, 2011.

H. L. Melender, Fears and coping strategies associated with pregnancy and childbirth in Finland, J Midwifery Womens Health, vol.47, issue.4, pp.256-263, 2002.

M. Mikulincer and V. Florian, The relationship between adult attachment styles and emotional and cognitive reactions to stressful events. (Attachment theory and close relationship, pp.143-165, 1998.

M. Mikulincer and V. Florian, Maternal-Fetal Bonding, Coping Strategies, and Mental Health During Pregnancy-The Contribution of Attachment Style, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, vol.18, issue.3, pp.255-276, 1999.

J. Milgrom, A. W. Gemmill, J. L. Bilszta, B. Hayes, B. Barnett et al., Antenatal risk factors for postnatal depression: a large prospective study, J Affect Disord, vol.108, issue.1-2, pp.147-157, 2008.

L. Ministère-de, Politique de périnatalité 2008-2018 -Un projet porteur de vie, Santé et des Services sociaux, 2008.

F. Molénat, Naissances : pour une éthique de la prévention, 2001.

F. Molénat, C. Monk, K. L. Leight, Y. ;. Et-fang, M. Bolten et al., How to measure prenatal stress? A systematic review of psychometric instruments to assess psychosocial stress during pregnancy, Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, vol.11, issue.2, pp.313-322, 2008.

J. J. Newham, M. Westwood, J. D. Aplin, and A. Wittkowski, State-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) scores during pregnancy following intervention with complementary therapies, J Affect Disord, vol.142, issue.1-3, pp.22-30, 2012.

M. R. Oates, Adverse effects of maternal antenatal anxiety on children: causal effect or developmental continuum?, Br J Psychiatry, vol.180, pp.478-479, 2002.

P. Paillé and A. Mucchielli, L'analyse qualitative en sciences humaines et sociales, 2012.

C. Pazzagli, L. Laghezza, M. Capurso, C. Sommella, F. Lelli et al., Antecedents and consequences of fear of childbirth in nulliparous and parous women, Infant Ment Health J, vol.36, issue.1, pp.62-74, 2015.

B. Pitt, Atypical" depression following childbirth, Br J Psychiatry, vol.114, issue.516, pp.1325-1335, 1968.

N. Pleschette, S. Asch, and J. Chase, A study of anxieties during pregnancy, labor, the early and late puerperium, Bull N Y Acad Med, vol.32, issue.6, pp.436-455, 1956.

V. J. Pop, A. M. Pommer, M. Pop-purceleanu, H. A. Wijnen, V. Bergink et al., Development of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale: the TPDS, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol.11, p.80, 2011.

P. C. Racamier, C. Sens, and L. Carretier, La mère et l'enfant dans les psychoses du post-partum. L'évolution psychiatrique, vol.26, pp.525-570, 1961.

S. Rallis, H. Skouteris, M. Mccabe, and J. Milgrom, A prospective examination of depression, anxiety and stress throughout pregnancy, Women Birth, vol.27, issue.4, 2014.

S. Rallis, H. Skouteris, M. Mccabe, and J. Milgrom, The transition to motherhood: towards a broader understanding of perinatal distress, Women Birth, vol.27, issue.1, pp.68-71, 2014.

J. Raphael-leff, Psychological Processes of Chilbearing. ( Update section, Great Britain: The Anna Freud Centre, 2005.

C. Reck, K. Zimmer, S. Dubber, B. Zipser, B. Schlehe et al., The influence of general anxiety and childbirth-specific anxiety on birth outcome, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.16, issue.5, pp.363-369, 2013.

N. Reeves, B. Boch, V. Pelletier, J. Theriault, and I. Krymko-bleton, Pregnant Women's Anxiety, in their Choice of Professional Who will Follow Their Pregnancy. Communication présentée à Marcé International Society International Biennial General Scientific Meeting, 2013.

N. Reeves, B. Decaluwe, and J. Wendland, Maternal attachment as a risk factor for pregnancy-related anxiety. Manuscrit soumis à Arch Womens Ment Health, 2017.

N. Reeves, V. Pelletier, C. Schauder, J. Thériault, and J. Wendland, Anxiété et mécanismes d'adaptation spécifiques à la grossesse, vol.28, pp.42-64, 2016.

N. Reeves and J. Wendland, Style d'attachement, maternité et anxiété spécifique à la grossesse, vol.65, pp.211-218, 2017.

C. K. Rini, C. Dunkel-schetter, P. D. Wadhwa, and C. A. Et-sandman, Psychological adaptation and birth outcomes: the role of personal resources, stress, and sociocultural context in pregnancy, Health Psychol, vol.18, issue.4, pp.333-345, 1999.

C. K. Rini, C. Schetter, C. J. Hobel, L. M. Glynn, and C. A. Et-sandman, Effective social support: Antecedents and consequences of partner support during pregnancy, Personal Relationships, vol.13, pp.207-229, 2006.

E. Robert, H. David, N. Reeves, S. Goron, and S. Delfosse, Adaptation à la maternité: évolution discontinue de l'anxiété en pré-et en post-partum et valeur prédictive des différents types d'anxiété, Devenir, vol.20, issue.2, pp.151-171, 2008.

E. Robertson, S. Grace, T. Wallington, and D. E. Stewart, Antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a synthesis of recent literature, Gen Hosp Psychiatry, vol.26, issue.4, pp.289-295, 2004.

L. Roegiers, La grossesse incertaine, 2003.

S. C. Roesch, C. D. Schetter, G. Woo, and C. J. Hobel, Modeling the types and timing of stress in pregnancy, Stress, & Coping, vol.17, issue.1, pp.87-102, 2004.

L. E. Ross, G. Evans, S. E. Sellers, E. M. Et-romach, and M. K. , Measurement issues in postpartum depression part 1: anxiety as a feature of postpartum depression, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.6, issue.1, pp.51-57, 2003.

A. S. Rossignol, Comment le stress psychique est il évalué dans les études, L. Roegiers & F. Molénat (dir.), pp.105-113, 2011.

H. Rouhe, K. Salmela-aro, E. Halmesmaki, and T. Saisto, Fear of childbirth according to parity, gestational age, and obstetric history, Bjog, vol.116, issue.1, pp.67-73, 2009.

C. Rubertsson, J. Hellstrom, M. Cross, and G. Sydsjo, Anxiety in early pregnancy: prevalence and contributing factors, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.17, issue.3, pp.221-228, 2014.

R. Crane, D. Middleton, D. S. Bean, R. , and A. , Establishing Criterion Scores for the Kansas Marital satisafaction Scale and the revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, The American journal of FamilyTherapy, vol.28, pp.53-60, 2000.

S. Sabourin, P. Valois, and Y. Lussier, Development and validation of a brief version of the dyadic adjustment scale with a nonparametric item analysis model, Psychol Assess, vol.17, issue.1, pp.15-27, 2005.

T. Saisto, K. Salmela-aro, J. E. Nurmi, and E. Halmesmaki, Psychosocial characteristics of women and their partners fearing vaginal childbirth, Bjog, vol.108, issue.5, pp.492-498, 2001.

I. G. Saranson, H. M. Levine, R. B. Basham, and B. R. Et-saranson, Assessing social support: the social support questionnaire, J Pers Soc Psychol, vol.44, pp.127-139, 1983.

H. Selye, The stress of life, 1976.

M. L. Silveira, K. A. Ertel, N. Dole, and L. Chasan-taber, The role of body image in prenatal and postpartum depression: a critical review of the literature, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.18, issue.3, pp.409-421, 2015.

B. Sjögren, Reasons for anxiety about childbirth in 100 pregnant women, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol.18, pp.266-272, 1997.

S. Somerville, K. Dedman, R. Hagan, E. Oxnam, M. Wettinger et al., The Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale: development and preliminary validation, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.17, issue.5, pp.443-454, 2014.

G. B. Spanier, Measuring Dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads, Journal of Marriage and Family, vol.38, pp.15-28, 1976.

C. D. Spielberger, Assesment of state and trait anxiety: conceptual and methodological issues, Southern Psychologist, vol.2, issue.4, pp.6-16, 1985.

C. D. Spielberger, R. L. Gorsuch, and R. E. Et-lushene, Manuel for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (self evaluation questionnaire), 1970.

M. G. Spinelli, Interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed antepartum women: a pilot study, Am J Psychiatry, vol.154, issue.7, 1997.

K. Standley, B. Soule, and S. A. Copans, Dimensions of prenatal anxiety and their influence on pregnancy outcome, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.135, issue.1, pp.22-26, 1979.

A. A. Staneva, F. Bogossian, and A. Wittkowski, The experience of psychological distress, depression, and anxiety during pregnancy: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research, Midwifery, issue.6, pp.563-573, 2015.

H. E. Statham, J. M. Green, and K. Et-kafetsios, Who worries that something might be wrong with the baby? A prospective study of 1072 pregnant women, Birth, vol.24, issue.4, pp.223-233, 1997.

A. L. Sutter-dallay, O. Cosnefroy, E. Glatigny-dallay, H. Verdoux, and N. Et-rascle, Evolution of perinatal depressive symptoms from pregnancy to two years postpartum in a low-risk sample: the MATQUID cohort, J Affect Disord, vol.139, issue.1, pp.23-29, 2012.

A. L. Sutter-dallay, V. Giaconne-marcesche, E. Glatigny-dallay, and H. Verdoux, Women with anxiety disorders during pregnancy are at increased risk of intense postnatal depressive symptoms: a prospective survey of the MATQUID cohort, Eur Psychiatry, vol.19, issue.8, pp.459-463, 2004.

O. Tagawa, L'accompagnement coutumier, pp.251-284, 2012.

O. Tagawa, L'accompagnement périnatal : point de vue de la sage-femme, Manuel de psychologie clinique de la périnatalité, pp.33-43, 2012.

C. Teixeira, B. Figueiredo, A. Conde, A. Pacheco, and R. Costa, Anxiety and depression during pregnancy in women and men, J Affect Disord, vol.119, issue.1-3, pp.142-148, 2009.

S. K. Theut, F. A. Pedersen, M. J. Zaslow, and B. A. Et-rabinovich, Pregnancy subsequent to perinatal loss: parental anxiety and depression, J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, vol.27, issue.3, pp.289-292, 1988.

T. Trillingsgaard, A. Elklit, M. Shevlin, R. D. Maimburg, J. C. Van-bussel et al., Adult attachment at the transition to motherhood: Predicting worry, health care utility and relationship functioning, Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, vol.29, issue.4, pp.232-242, 2009.

J. C. Van-bussel, B. Spitz, K. ;. Demyttenaere, E. Mulder, G. Visser et al., The influence of maternal emotions during pregnancy on fetal and neonatal behavior, Journal of Prenatal & Perinatal Psychology & Health, vol.12, issue.3, pp.119-130, 1989.

B. R. Van-den-bergh and A. Et-marcoen, High antenatal maternal anxiety is related to ADHD symptoms, externalizing problems, and anxiety in 8-and 9-year-olds, Child Dev, vol.75, issue.4, pp.1085-1097, 2004.

P. D. Wadhwa, C. A. Sandman, M. Porto, C. Dunkel-schetter, and T. J. Garite, The association between prenatal stress and infant birth weight and gestational age at birth: a prospective investigation, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.169, issue.4, pp.858-865, 1993.

J. Wendland, Le vécu psychologique de la grossesse gémellaire, Enfances & Psy, vol.34, pp.10-25, 2007.

J. Wendland, S. Tereno, A. Brunswick, and A. Benachi, avril). Emotional states, maternal representations and prenatal attachment in women experiencing pregnancy-induced diseases and complications. Communication présentée au 13th World Congress of the World Association for Infant Mental Health, pp.17-21, 2012.

A. Wenzel, Anxiety in Childbearing Women, Diagnosis and Treatment, 2011.

A. Wenzel, E. N. Haugen, L. C. Jackson, and J. R. Et-brendle, Anxiety symptoms and disorders at eight weeks postpartum, J Anxiety Disord, vol.19, issue.3, pp.295-311, 2005.

A. Wenzel, E. N. Haugen, L. C. Jackson, and K. Et-robinson, Prevalence of generalized anxiety at eight weeks postpartum, Arch Womens Ment Health, vol.6, issue.1, pp.43-49, 2003.

D. W. Winnicott, De la pédiatrie à la psychanalyse. (Traduit par, J. Kalmanovitch), 1956.

, WPA Perinatal mental health position statement, World Psychiatric Association, 2017.

P. Zelkowitz and A. Papageorgiou, Maternal anxiety: an emerging prognostic factor in neonatology, Acta Paediatr, vol.94, issue.12, pp.1704-1705, 2005.

, Annexes 1-Lettre d'approbation et formulaire de consentement pour l'étude qualitative

, Bourse professionnelle AQSMN 15-Confirmation de la soumission d'un article à Archives of Women's Mental Health 16-Communications orales et affichées en lien avec la thèse 17-Affiche sur les facteurs de risque de l'AS et l'ASG (WAIMH, Prague 2016) Questionnaire socio démographique Date : ___________________________________ N° d'anonymisation, Âge : _______ Partie, vol.1

B. , Niveau d'études (dernier diplôme obtenu ou niveau d'étude équivalent

C. , Avez-vous un conjoint ?

. Oui,

, Si vous n'êtes pas née au Canada, quel est votre pays d'origine ________ ? Et vous vivez au Canada depuis _____ ans

, Directives Le but de ce questionnaire est de déterminer s'il y a, dans votre entourage, des personnes qui peuvent vous aider ou vous supporter, si vous en avez besoin

, Dans la partie A, nous vous demandons d'indiquer si dans certaines situations, vous connaissez des personnes qui peuvent vous aider ou vous supporter

, Dans la partie B, nous vous demandons jusqu'à quel point cela vous satisfait

, Si pour une situation donnée, vous ne pouvez recevoir l'aide de personne, faites un crochet à côté du mot "Personne" (partie A) et indiquez jusqu'à quel point cela vous satisfait

, L'exemple qui suit vous aidera à mieux comprendre les directives. Vous n'avez pas à répondre

, Sur qui pouvez-vous compter pour lui dire tout ce que vous pensez?

, A) S'il y a une ou plusieurs personnes (n'en indiquez pas plus que neuf) sur qui vous pouvez compter, inscrivez leur prénom ou leurs initiales et précisez de qui il s'agit (père, mère, amie, ami

, Si la réponse de cet exemple avait été qu'il n'y a personne sur qui vous pouvez compter, vous auriez fait un crochet à coté du mot "Personne

N. Reeves, V. Pelletier, G. Lepage, E. Bourbonnière, C. Schauder et al., Pregnancy -specific anxiety : a qualitative and longitudinal research study. Communication présentée à l'international Marcé Society Biennal Conference on Perinatal Mental Health, 2014.

. Stai;-spielberger, Questionnaires : PSA : Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ; Van den Bergh, Affiche sur les facteurs de risque de l'AS et l'ASG (WAIMH, vol.17, 1970.

H. Cox, ;. Sagovsky, and . Ssq;-sarason, Attachment style : Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ; Bartholomew et Horowitz, 1991/2010) Social support : Social Support Questionnaire, 1983.

C. Busby, C. , and L. , , 1995.

. Lee, /3 of pregnant women present anxious symptoms, These symptoms are not stable across pregnancy, 2007.

. Mora, , 2009.

. Glazer, depressive symptoms, low marital adjustement, Many studies identify predictors and correlates of high PSA such as : Sociodemographic characteristics : Younger age, 1980.