D. J. Abson, E. D. Fraser, and T. G. Benton, Landscape diversity and the resilience of agricultural returns: a portfolio analysis of land-use patterns and economic returns from lowland agriculture, Agriculture & Food Security, vol.2, issue.1, 2013.

S. Acharya, S. Kim, S. Chap, and Y. Meach, Off-farm and Non-farm Employment: A Perspective on Job Creation in Cambodia. Phnom Penh, 2003.

J. M. Acheson, Institutional Failure in Resource Management, Annual Review of Anthropology, vol.35, issue.1, pp.117-134, 2006.

W. N. Adger, Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, vol.16, issue.3, pp.268-281, 2006.

M. Ahmed, H. Hap, V. Ly, and M. Tiongco, Socioeconomic Assesment of Freshwater Capture Fisheries in Cambodia, 1998.

A. , A. D. Manyong, V. M. Omanya, G. O. Mignouna, H. D. Bokanga et al., Economic Efficiency and Supply Response of Women as Farm Managers: Comparative Evidence from Western Kenya, World Development, vol.36, issue.7, pp.1247-1260, 2008.

J. D. Allan, R. Abell, Z. Hogan, C. Revenga, B. W. Taylor et al., Overfishing of Inland Waters, BioScience, vol.55, issue.12, p.1041, 2005.

E. H. Allison and F. Ellis, The livelihoods approach and management of small-scale fisheries, Marine Policy, vol.25, issue.5, pp.377-388, 2001.

E. H. Allison and B. Horemans, Putting the principles of the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach into fisheries development policy and practice. Marine Policy, vol.30, pp.757-766, 2006.

E. H. Allison, A. L. Perry, M. C. Badjeck, W. Neil-adger, K. Brown et al., Vulnerability of national economies to the impacts of climate change on fisheries, Fish and Fisheries, vol.10, issue.2, pp.173-196, 2009.

C. Andre and J. Platteau, Land relations under unbearable stress: Rwanda caught in the Malthusian trap, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, vol.34, issue.1, pp.1-47, 1998.

M. J. Andrews, J. Golan, and J. Lay, Inefficiency of male and female labor supply in agricultural households: Evidence from Uganda, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol.97, issue.3, pp.998-1019, 2014.

A. Angelsen, P. Jagger, R. Babigumira, B. Belcher, N. J. Hogarth et al., Environmental Income and Rural Livelihoods: A GlobalComparative Analysis, World Development, vol.64, pp.12-28, 2014.

A. M. Arce-ibarra and A. T. Charles, Inland fisheries of the Mayan Zone in Quintana Roo, Mexico: Using a combined approach to fishery assessment for data-sparse fisheries, Fisheries Research, vol.91, issue.2-3, pp.151-159, 2008.

M. E. Arias, T. A. Cochrane, M. Kummu, H. Lauri, G. W. Holtgrieve et al., Impacts of hydropower and climate change on drivers of ecological productivity of Southeast Asia's most important wetland, Ecological Modelling, vol.272, pp.252-263, 2014.

M. E. Arias, T. A. Cochrane, D. Norton, T. J. Killeen, and P. Khon, The flood pulse as the underlying driver of vegetation in the largest wetland and fishery of the mekong basin, Ambio, vol.42, issue.7, pp.864-876, 2013.

M. E. Arias, T. A. Cochrane, T. Piman, M. Kummu, B. S. Caruso et al., Quantifying changes in flooding and habitats in the Tonle Sap Lake (Cambodia) caused by water infrastructure development and climate change in the Mekong Basin, Journal of Environmental Management, vol.112, pp.53-66, 2012.

D. Armitage, M. Marschke, and R. Plummer, Adaptive co-management and the paradox of learning, Global Environmental Change, vol.18, issue.1, pp.86-98, 2008.

, Cambodian Climate Change Resilient Rice Commercialization: Socio-economic assessment and gender analysis, 2012.

, Cambodia: Country Poverty Analysis, Asian Development Bank, 2014.

. Manila, Uppsala Research Reports in Cultural Anthropology, issue.15

A. L. Ayers and J. N. Kittinger, Emergence of co-management governance for Hawai'i coral reef fisheries, Global Environmental Change, vol.28, issue.1, pp.251-262, 2014.

B. Babulo, B. Muys, F. Nega, E. Tollens, J. Nyssen et al., Household livelihood strategies and forest dependence in the highlands of Tigray, Agricultural Systems, vol.98, issue.2, pp.147-155, 2008.

B. Babulo, B. Muys, F. Nega, E. Tollens, J. Nyssen et al., The economic contribution of forest resource use to rural livelihoods in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Forest Policy and Economics, vol.11, issue.2, pp.123-131, 2009.

M. Badjeck, E. H. Allison, A. S. Halls, and N. K. Dulvy, Impacts of climate variability and change on fishery-based livelihoods, Marine Policy, vol.34, issue.3, pp.375-383, 2010.

E. Baran, Cambodia inland fisheries: facts, figures and context, 2005.

E. Baran, V. Ly, J. Nasielski, S. Saray, B. Touch et al., Atlas of Cambodia -Maps on socioeconomic development and environment, pp.37-48, 2001.

E. Baran and C. Myschowoda, Have Fish Catches Been Declining in the Mekong River Basin ? Production, pp.55-64, 2008.

E. Baran, N. Schwartz, and Y. Kura, Climate change and fisheries: vulnerability and adaptation in Cambodia, Issues Brief, 2008.

E. Baran, N. Zalinge, . Van, and P. Ngor, Floods, floodplains and fish production in the Mekong Basin: present and past trends, Proceedings of the Second Asian Wetlands Symposium, pp.920-932, 2001.

M. Penang,

, DS_FLOODPLAINS_AND_FISH_PRODUCTION_IN_THE_MEKONG_BASI N_PRESENT_AND_PAST_TRENDS/links/00b4952c62f34cc2bb000000.pdf

C. B. Barrett, T. Reardon, and P. Webb, Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa: Concepts, dynamics, and policy implications, Food Policy, vol.26, issue.4, pp.315-331, 2001.

C. Barrett and B. M. Swallow, Dynamic Poverty Traps and Rural Livelihoods, Rural Livelihoods and Poverty Reduction Policies, 2004.

C. Béné and R. M. Friend, Poverty in small-scale fi sheries: old issue, new analysis. Progress in Development Studies, vol.11, pp.119-144, 2011.

C. Béné, E. Steel, B. K. Luadia, and A. Gordon, Fish as the "bank in the water" -Evidence from chronic-poor communities in Congo, Food Policy, vol.34, issue.1, pp.108-118, 2009.

F. Berkes, Evolution of co-management: Role of knowledge generation, bridging organizations and social learning, Journal of Environmental Management, vol.90, issue.5, pp.1692-1702, 2009.

F. Berkes, R. Mahon, P. Mcconney, R. Pollnac, and . Pomeroy, Managing Small-scale Fisheries. Alternative Directions and Methods. International Development Research Center, 2001.

V. Bindlish and R. Evenson, Evaluation of the Performance of T & V Extension in Kenya, 1993.

M. Y. Birhanu, A. Girma, and R. Puskur, Determinants of success and intensity of livestock feed technologies use in Ethiopia: Evidence from a positive deviance perspective, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2014.

D. Birkhaeuser and R. E. Evenson, The economic impact of agricultural extension: A review, Economic Development & Cultural Change, vol.39, issue.3, p.607, 1991.

N. Bond, Examining Adaptations to Changing Fish Populations of Tonlé Sap Lake in Cambodia : A Case Study of Pursat Province, 2015.

L. Breiman, J. H. Friedman, R. A. Olshen, and C. J. Stone, Classification and Regression Trees, 1984.

K. Brickell, The "stubborn stain" on development: gendered meanings of housework (non-)participation in Cambodia, Journal of Development Studies, vol.47, issue.9, pp.1353-1370, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00722233

S. E. Brooks, J. D. Reynolds, and E. H. Allison, Sustained by snakes? Seasonal livelihood strategies and resource conservation by tonle sap fishers in Cambodia, Human Ecology, vol.36, issue.6, pp.835-851, 2008.

C. Bruch, D. Jensen, M. Nakayama, and J. Unruh, Human Conflict: Targeting Natural Resources, SCIENCE, vol.337, issue.6092, pp.291-292, 2012.

J. R. Butler, J. C. Young, I. A. Mcmyn, B. Leyshon, I. M. Graham et al., Evaluating adaptive co-management as conservation conflict resolution: Learning from seals and salmon, Journal of Environmental Management, vol.160, pp.212-225, 2015.

S. Canagarajah, C. Newman, and R. Bhattamishra, Non-farm income, gender, and inequality: Evidence from rural Ghana and Uganda, Food Policy, vol.26, issue.4, pp.405-420, 2001.

D. Carney, M. Drinkwater, T. Rusinow, S. Wanmali, and N. Singh, , 1999.

, Livelihoods Approachs Compared

G. Cecchi, W. Wint, A. Shaw, A. Marletta, R. Mattioli et al., Geographic distribution and environmental characterization of livestock production systems in Eastern Africa, Ecosystems & Environment, vol.135, issue.1-2, pp.98-110, 2010.

R. Chambers and G. Conway, Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical concepts for the 21st century, Ids Discussion Paper, vol.296, p.33, 1991.

A. Charles and N. Nasuchon, Community involvement in fisheries management: Experiences in the Gulf of Thailand countries, Marine Policy, vol.34, pp.163-169, 2010.

L. Chen, N. Heerink, . Van-den, and M. Berg, Energy consumption in rural China: A household model for three villages in Jiangxi Province, Ecological Economics, vol.58, issue.2, pp.407-420, 2006.

H. Chenery and M. Syrquin, Patterns of Development 1950-1970, 1975.

J. E. Cinner, T. R. Mcclanahan, N. A. Graham, T. M. Daw, J. Maina et al., Vulnerability of coastal communities to key impacts of climate change on coral reef fisheries, Global Environmental Change, vol.22, issue.1, pp.12-20, 2012.

C. W. Clark, The Economics of Overexploitation, Science, vol.181, issue.4100, pp.630-634, 1973.

K. M. Cleaver and G. A. Schreiber, Reversing the Spiral: The Population, Agriculture, and Environment Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1994.

T. Clements, A. John, K. Nielsen, D. An, S. Tan et al., Payments for biodiversity conservation in the context of weak institutions: Comparison of three programs from Cambodia, Ecological Economics, vol.69, issue.6, pp.1283-1291, 2010.

D. Coates, Inland capture fishery statistics of Southeast Asia: current status and information needs, RAP Publications, vol.11, issue.11, pp.1-114, 2002.

G. R. Conway, Agroecosystem analysis. Agricultural Administration, vol.20, pp.31-55, 1985.

S. J. Cooper and T. Wheeler, Rural household vulnerability to climate risk in Uganda, Regional Environmental Change, vol.17, issue.3, pp.1-15, 2016.

M. S. Cooperman, L. Kaufman, K. S. Mccann, and K. O. Winemiller, A watershed moment for the Mekong: newly announced community use and conservation areas for the Tonle Sap Lake may boost sustainability of the world's largest inland fishery, Cambodian Journal of Natural History, vol.2, pp.101-106, 2012.

L. Corral and T. Reardon, Rural Nonfarm Incomes in Nicaragua, World Development, vol.29, issue.3, pp.427-442, 2001.

C. Costello, D. Ovando, R. Hilborn, S. D. Gaines, O. Deschenes et al., Status and solutions for the world's unassessed fisheries, Science, vol.338, pp.517-520, 2012.

Y. Croissant, {mlogit: multinomial logit model}, 2013.

J. R. Davis, The rural non-farm economy , livelihoods and their diversification, 2003.

A. De-sherbinin, L. K. Vanwey, K. Mcsweeney, R. Aggarwal, A. Barbieri et al., Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment, Global Environmental Change, vol.18, issue.1, pp.38-53, 2008.

K. Deininger and P. Olinto, Rural nonfarm employment and income diversification in Colombia, World Development, vol.29, issue.3, pp.455-465, 2001.

D. Franco, A. Thiriet, P. Di-carlo, G. Dimitriadis, C. Francour et al., Five key attributes can increase marine protected areas performance for small-scale fisheries management, Scientific Reports, vol.6, p.38135, 2016.

A. A. Djurfeldt, Seasonality and farm/non-farm interactions in Western Kenya, The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol.50, issue.1, pp.1-23, 2012.

C. R. Doss, Designing agricultural technology for African women farmers: Lessons from 25 years of experience, World Development, vol.29, issue.12, pp.2075-2092, 2001.

A. E. Duchelle, A. M. Zambrano, S. Wunder, J. Börner, and K. A. Kainer, Smallholder Specialization Strategies along the Forest Transition Curve in Southwestern Amazonia, World Development, vol.64, issue.S1, pp.149-158, 2014.

F. Ellis, The determinants of rural livelihood diversification in developing countries, Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol.51, issue.2, pp.289-302, 2000.

A. Eneyew and W. Bekele, Determinants of livelihood strategies in Wolaita , southern Ethiopia, vol.1, pp.153-161, 2012.

K. Enomoto, S. Ishikawa, M. Hori, H. Sitha, S. L. Song et al., Data mining and stock assessment of fisheries resources in Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia. Fisheries Science, vol.77, issue.5, pp.713-722, 2011.

O. Erenstein, J. Hellin, and P. Chandna, Poverty mapping based on livelihood assets: A meso-level application in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India. Applied Geography, vol.30, issue.1, pp.112-125, 2010.

L. Evans, N. Cherrett, and D. Pemsl, Assessing the impact of fisheries comanagement interventions in developing countries: A meta-analysis, Journal of Environmental Management, vol.92, issue.8, pp.1938-1949, 2011.

P. Evans, M. Marschke, and K. Paudyal, Flood Forests, Fish and Fishing Villages, 2004.

P. Bohol,

&. Fa/maff and . Cbnrmli, Gender implication in CBNRM -the roles, needs and aspirations of women in community fisheries, 2008.

E. Fabusoro, .. M. Omotayo, S. O. Apantaku, and P. A. Okuneye, Forms and Determinants of Rural Livelihoods Diversification in Ogun State, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, vol.34, issue.4, pp.417-438, 2010.

. Fao, Contributing to food security and nutrition for all, 2016.

. Faostat, FAO Statistics, 2016.

B. Farquharson, F. Scott, and S. Chea, Upland crop technologies in Cambodia: economic evaluations and some adoption issues, 52nd Annual Conference of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, p.23, 2008.

D. Ferrol-schulte, M. Wolff, S. Ferse, and M. Glaser, Sustainable Livelihoods Approach in tropical coastal and marine social-ecological systems: A review, Marine Policy, vol.42, pp.253-258, 2013.

M. Fisher, Household welfare and forest dependence in Southern Malawi, Environment and Development Economics, vol.9, issue.2, pp.135-154, 2004.

E. Francis and J. Hoddinott, Migration and differentiation in western Kenya: a tale of two sub-locations, Journal of Development Studies, 1993.

E. D. Fraser, W. Mabee, and F. Figge, A framework for assessing the vulnerability of food systems to future shocks, Futures, vol.37, issue.6, pp.465-479, 2005.

J. Fritzsch, Is non-farm income diversification a feasible option for smallscale farmers? An assessment using a composite fuzzy indicator, PostCommunist Economies, vol.24, issue.3, pp.403-417, 2012.

, Kingdom of Cambodia: Tonle Sap Lowland Stabilization Project TA No. 4756-CAM. Final Report to Asian Development Bank, Cambodia National Level 1 Survey: Final Report, 2002.

P. Giraudoux, pgirmess: Data Analysis in Ecology, 2016.

S. Guimbert, Cambodia 1998-2008: An Episode of Rapid Growth, 2010.

S. Haggblade, P. Hazell, and J. Brown, Farm-nonfarm linkages in rural subSaharan Africa, World Development, vol.17, issue.8, pp.1173-1201, 1989.

M. B. Hahn, A. M. Riederer, and S. O. Foster, The Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A Pragmatic Approach to Assessing Risks from Climate Variability and Change -A Case Study in Mozambique, Global Environmental Change, vol.19, issue.1, pp.74-88, 2009.

M. C. Hansen, P. V. Potapov, R. Moore, M. Hancher, S. Turubanova et al., High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change, Science, vol.342, issue.6160, pp.850-853, 2013.

N. Hap and M. Bhattarai, Economic Assessment of Small-Scale Inland Fisheries and Wetland Livelihoods in Cambodia, International Riversymposium, p.30, 2006.

E. Harrison, Fish and Feminists, IDS Bulletin, vol.26, issue.3, pp.39-47, 1995.

P. Hazell and S. Haggblade, Rural -urban growth linkages in India. Policy, Research, and External Affairs working papers, vol.1, 1990.

P. Hazell and A. Roell, Rural growth linkages: Household expenditure patterns in Malaysia and Nigeria, vol.41, 1983.

S. Heck, C. Béné, and R. Reyes-gaskin, Investing in African fisheries: Building links to the Millennium Development Goals, Fish and Fisheries, 2007.

U. Heinonen, Environmental Impact on Migration in Cambodia: Waterrelated Migration from the Tonle Sap Lake Region, International Journal of Water Resources Development, vol.22, issue.3, pp.449-462, 2006.

H. Hill and J. Menon, Cambodia: Rapid growth in an open, post-conflict economy, World Economy, vol.37, issue.12, pp.1649-1668, 2014.

P. Hitayezu, J. J. Okello, and C. Obel-gor, Farm households' participation in rural non-farm employment in post-war Rwanda: Drivers and policy implications, Development Southern Africa, vol.31, issue.3, pp.452-474, 2014.

K. G. Horlte, S. Lieng, and J. Valbo-jorgensen, An introduction to Cambodia's inland fisheries, Mekong Development Series, issue.4, 2004.

K. G. Hortle, Consumption and the yield of fish and other aquatic animals from the Lower Mekong Basin, MRC Technical Paper, vol.87, issue.16, 2007.

T. Hothorn and A. Zeileis, partykit: A Modular Toolkit for Recursive Partytioning in R, Journal of Machine Learning Research, vol.16, pp.3905-3909, 2015.

, Land Mines in Cambodia: The Coward's War. Human Rights Watch and Physicians for Human Rights, Human Rights Watch, & Physicians for Human Rights, 1991.

&. Iclarm and . Ifm, Analysis of co-management arrangements in fisheries and related coastal resources, 1998.

. Ilo, Growth continues for Cambodia's garment and footwear sector, Cambodia Garment and Footwear Sector Bulletin, issue.1, 2015.

G. M. Islam, T. S. Yew, N. M. Abdullah, and K. K. Viswanathan, Social capital, community based management, and fishers' livelihood in Bangladesh, Ocean and Coastal Management, vol.54, issue.2, pp.173-180, 2011.

M. M. Islam, S. Sallu, K. Hubacek, and J. Paavola, Vulnerability of fisherybased livelihoods to the impacts of climate variability and change: Insights from coastal Bangladesh, vol.14, pp.281-294, 2014.

S. Jackman, pscl: Classes and Methods for R Developed in the Political Science, 2015.

J. B. Jackson, M. X. Kirby, W. H. Berger, K. Bjorndal, L. W. Botsford et al., Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems, Science, issue.5530, pp.629-666, 2001.

S. Jentoft, The community: A missing link of fisheries management, Marine Policy, vol.24, issue.1, pp.53-59, 2000.

S. Jentoft and B. Mccay, User participation in fisheries management: lessons drawn from international experiences, Marine Policy, vol.19, issue.3, pp.227-246, 1995.

J. , Kingdom of Cambodia Study for Poverty Profiles in the Asian Region, 2010.

&. Jica and . Mpwt, Cambodia Reconnaissance Survey Digital Data, Ministry of Public Works and Transportation (MPWT) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), 2003.

W. Jogo and R. Hassan, Determinants of rural household labour allocation for wetland and other livelihood activities: The case of the Limpopo wetland in Southern Africa, Agrekon, vol.49, pp.195-216, 2010.

G. Johnstone, P. Ranjitha, D. Fabrice, K. Mam, O. Il et al., , 2013.

, Tonle Sap scoping report. CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems

B. Jones and H. N. Scheiber, Fisheries Policies and the Problems of Instituing Sustainable Management: The Case of Occupied Japan, 2015.

. Goldman, Livelihoods, Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Building (First, pp.287-306

P. Kamanga, P. Vedeld, and E. Sjaastad, Forest incomes and rural livelihoods in Chiradzulu District, Malawi. Ecological Economics, vol.68, issue.3, pp.613-624, 2009.

R. E. Kearney, Co-management: The resolution of conflict between commercial and recreational fishers in Victoria, Australia. Ocean and Coastal Management, vol.45, issue.4-5, pp.201-214, 2002.

M. Keskinen, The Lake with Floating Villages: Socio-economic Analysis of the Tonle Sap Lake, International Journal of Water Resources Development, vol.22, issue.3, pp.463-480, 2006.

M. Keskinen, P. Tola, and O. Varis, The Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia: waterrelated conflicts with abundance of water. The Economics of Peace and Security, Journal, vol.2, issue.2, pp.49-59, 2007.

M. Keskinen and O. Varis, Institutional cooperation at a basin level: For what, by whom? Lessons learned from Cambodia's Tonle Sap Lake, Natural Resources Forum, vol.36, issue.1, pp.50-60, 2012.

T. Kilic, A. Palacios-lópez, and M. Goldstein, Caught in a Productivity Trap: A Distributional Perspective on Gender Differences in Malawian Agriculture, 2015.

J. R. Landis and G. G. Koch, The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data, Biometrics, vol.33, issue.1, pp.159-174, 1977.

J. O. Lanjouw and P. Lanjouw, The rural non-farm sector: Issues and evidence from developing countries, Agricultural Economics, 2001.

J. Levinson, An Examination of the Community Fisheries Sub-Decree in Cambodia: Changes and Developments during the Drafting Process, 2002.

M. Makino and H. Matsuda, Co-management in Japanese coastal fisheries: Institutional features and transaction costs, Marine Policy, vol.29, issue.5, pp.441-450, 2005.

C. Mansfield and K. Macleod, Advocacy in cambodia: increasing democratic space, 2002.

M. Marschke and A. J. Sinclair, Learning for sustainability: Participatory resource management in Cambodian fishing villages, Journal of Environmental Management, vol.90, issue.1, pp.206-216, 2009.

K. S. Mccann, G. Gellner, B. C. Mcmeans, T. Deenik, G. Holtgrieve et al., Food webs and the sustainability of indiscriminate fisheries 1, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.73, issue.4, pp.656-665, 2016.

T. R. Mcclanahan, J. E. Cinner, N. A. Graham, T. M. Daw, J. Maina et al., Identifying reefs of hope and hopeful actions: Contextualizing environmental, ecological, and social parameters to respond effectively to climate change, Conservation Biology, vol.23, issue.3, pp.662-671, 2009.

B. Mckenney and T. Prom, Natural resources and rural livelihoods in Cambodia: a baseline assessment, 2002.

D. Meyer, A. Zeileis, and K. Hornik, The Strucplot Framework: Visualizing Multi-way Contingency Tables with vcd, Journal of Statistical Software, vol.17, issue.3, pp.1-48, 2006.

, Report of Cambodia Rural Urban Migration Project, 2012.

. Mop, Integration of Demographic Perspectives in Development, 2013.

. Mrc, State of the Basin Report, 2003.

P. Nadasdy, Reevaluating the co-managment success story, Arctic, vol.56, issue.4, pp.367-380, 2003.

U. Narain, S. Gupta, K. Veld, and . Van-`t, Poverty and the environment: exploring the relationship between household incomes, private assets, and natural assets, LAND ECONOMICS, vol.84, pp.148-167, 2008.

D. Narayan, The contribution of people's participation : evidence from 121 rural water supply projects, Environmentally Sustainable Development Occasional Paper Series No. 1 The World Bank, pp.1-122, 1995.

J. Nasielski, O. Joffre, S. El, S. Svay, M. Cheach et al., Role and value of fish in the welfare of rural communities in Cambodia: Questionnaire development. Updated report for the project "Assessing economic and welfare values of fish in the Lower Mekong Basin, 2013.

J. Nasielski, J. Tress, and E. Baran, Report for the project "Assessing economic and welfare values of fish in the Lower Mekong Basin, 2012.

A. Neef, S. Touch, and J. Chiengthong, The Politics and Ethics of Land Concessions in Rural Cambodia, Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, vol.26, issue.6, pp.1085-1103, 2013.

. Ngof, Statistical Analysis of Land Disputes in Cambodia, 2014.

P. Ngor, K. Heng, S. Thor, and D. Thomson, Pilot Participatory Policy Impact Assessment: Fisheries Policy Related to Community Fisheries Development in Stung Treng, 2010.

T. T. Nguyen, T. L. Do, D. Buhler, R. Hartje, and U. Grote, Rural livelihoods and environmental resource dependence in Cambodia, Ecological Economics, vol.120, pp.282-295, 2015.

T. T. Nguyen, J. Bonetti, K. Rogers, and C. D. Woodroffe, Indicator-based assessment of climate-change impacts on coasts: A review of concepts, methodological approaches and vulnerability indices, 2016.

J. R. Nielsen, P. Degnbol, K. K. Viswanathan, M. Ahmed, M. Hara et al., Fisheries co-management-an institutional innovation?, vol.28, pp.151-160, 2004.

Ø. J. Nielsen, S. Rayamajhi, P. Uberhuaga, H. Meilby, and C. Smith-hall, , 2013.

, Quantifying rural livelihood strategies in developing countries using an activity choice approach, Agricultural Economics, vol.44, issue.1, pp.57-71

. Nis, Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey (CSES), 2016.

P. Nuorteva, M. Keskinen, and O. Varis, Water, livelihoods and climate change adaptation in the tonle sap lake area, Cambodia: Learning from the past to understand the future, Journal of Water and Climate Change, vol.1, issue.1, pp.87-101, 2010.

J. Oglethorpe, R. Ham, J. Shambaugh, and H. Van-der-linde, Overview C: Conservations in times of war, Winnipeg: International Institute for Sustainable Development, p.408, 2002.

J. Oksanen, F. G. Blanchet, R. Kindt, P. Legendre, P. R. Minchin et al., vegan: Community Ecology Package, 2016.

P. Olsson, C. Folke, and F. Berkes, Adaptive comanagement for building resilience in social-ecological systems, Environmental Management, vol.34, issue.1, pp.75-90, 2004.

D. Pauly, Small-Scale Fisheries in the Tropics: Marginality, Marginalization, and Some Implications for Fisheries Management, 1997.

, Global Trends: Fisheries Management, vol.20, pp.40-49

D. Pauly, Fishing Down Marine Food Webs, Science, vol.279, issue.5352, pp.860-863, 1998.

D. Pauly, V. Christensen, S. Guénette, T. J. Pitcher, U. R. Sumaila et al., Towards sustainability in world fisheries, Nature, vol.418, pp.689-695, 2002.

E. W. Pinkerton, Translating Legal Rights into Management Practice: Overcoming Barriers to the Exercise of Co-management, Human Organization, vol.51, issue.4, pp.339-334, 1992.

P. Pittaluga, E. Corcoran, and J. Senahoun, Poverty profiles of artisanal fishers: methods based on SLA model, pp.103-123, 2004.

R. Plummer and J. Baird, Adaptive co-management for climate change adaptation: Considerations for the barents region, Sustainability (Switzerland), vol.5, issue.2, pp.629-642, 2013.

R. Plummer and J. Fitzgibbon, People matter: The importance of social capital in the co-management of natural resources, Natural Resources Forum, vol.30, pp.51-62, 2006.

M. Poffenberger, Cambodia's forests and climate change: Mitigating drivers of deforestation, Natural Resources Forum, vol.33, issue.4, pp.285-296, 2009.

R. S. Pomeroy, Community-based and co-management institutions for sustainable coastal fisheries management in Southeast Asia, Ocean and Coastal Management, vol.27, issue.3, pp.143-162, 1995.

R. S. Pomeroy, Managing overcapacity in small-scale fisheries in Southeast Asia, Marine Policy, vol.36, issue.2, pp.520-527, 2012.

R. S. Pomeroy, B. M. Katon, and I. Harkes, Conditions affecting the success of fisheries co-management: Lessons from Asia, Marine Policy, vol.25, issue.3, pp.197-208, 2001.

R. S. Pomeroy and M. J. Williams, Fisheries Co-management and Small-scale fisheries: A Policy Brief, 1994.

L. S. Prokopy, Women's participation in rural water supply projects in India: is it moving beyond tokenism and does it matter? Water Policy, vol.6, pp.103-116, 2004.

A. R. Quisumbing, Male-Female Productivity: Differences in Agricultural Issues and Empirical Evidence, World Development, vol.24, issue.10, pp.1579-1595, 1996.

. R-core-team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, 2016.

, R Foundation for Statistical Computing

S. Rahman and S. Akter, Determinants of Livelihood Choices: An Empirical Analysis from Rural Bangladesh, Journal of South Asian Development, vol.9, issue.3, pp.287-308, 2014.

D. B. Rahut and M. Scharf, Non-farm employment and incomes in rural Cambodia, Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, vol.26, issue.2, pp.54-71, 2012.

B. D. Ratner, Community Management by Decree? Lessons From Cambodia's Fisheries Reform, Society & Natural Resources, 2006.

B. D. Ratner, Community Management by Decree? Lessons From Cambodia's Fisheries Reform, Society & Natural Resources, vol.19, issue.1, pp.79-86, 2006.

T. Reardon, J. Berdegué, C. B. Barrett, and K. Stamoulis, Household income diversification into rural nonfarm activities, Transforming the rural nonfarm economy. Opportunities and threads in the developing world, pp.115-140, 2007.

B. P. Resurreccion, Rules, Roles and Rights: Gender, Participation and Community Fisheries Management in Cambodia's Tonle Sap Region, International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2006.

A. Ricciardi and J. B. Rasmussen, Extinction rates of North American freshwater fauna, Conservation Biology, vol.13, issue.5, pp.1220-1222, 1999.

N. Salayo, L. Garces, M. Pido, K. Viswanathan, R. Pomeroy et al., Managing excess capacity in small-scale fisheries: Perspectives from stakeholders in three Southeast Asian countries, Marine Policy, vol.32, issue.4, pp.692-700, 2008.

A. Salmivaara, M. Kummu, O. Varis, and M. Keskinen, Socio-Economic Changes in Cambodia's Unique Tonle Sap Lake Area: A Spatial Approach, 2016.

, Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, vol.9, issue.3, pp.413-432

P. Samkol, K. Sath, M. Patel, P. A. Windsor, and K. Holtenius, Survey of smallholder beef cattle production systems in different agro-ecological zones of Cambodia, Tropical Animal Health and Production, pp.1299-1306, 2015.

J. Sarkkula and J. Koponen, , 2010.

A. Schuhbauer and U. R. Sumaila, Economic viability and small-scale fisheries -A review, Ecological Economics, vol.124, pp.69-75, 2016.

I. Scoones, Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: A Framework for Analysis, IDS Working Paper, vol.72, 1998.

A. Sen, Capability and Well-being, 1993.

X. Shi, N. Heerink, and F. Qu, Choices between different off-farm employment sub-categories: An empirical analysis for Jiangxi Province, China. China Economic Review, vol.18, issue.4, pp.438-455, 2007.

L. X. Sinh, N. Hap, and R. S. Pomeroy, Value Chain of Snakehead Fish in the Lower Mekong Basin of Cambodia and Vietnam, Aquaculture Economics & Management, vol.18, issue.1, pp.76-96, 2014.

M. Sithirith, The Patron-Client System and Its Effect on Resources Management in Cambodia: A Case in the Tonle Sap Lake, Asian Politics and Policy, vol.6, issue.4, pp.595-609, 2014.

D. R. Smith, A. Gordon, K. Meadows, and K. Zwick, Livelihood diversification in Uganda: Patterns and determinants of change across two rural districts, Food Policy, vol.26, issue.4, pp.421-435, 2001.

N. So and S. L. Song, Fisheries management and development in Tonle Sap Great Lake, Cambodia, Consultation on Development Trends in Fisheries and Aquaculture in Asian Lakes and Reservoirs, pp.20-23, 2011.

N. S. Sodhi, M. R. Posa, T. M. Lee, D. Bickford, L. P. Koh et al., The state and conservation of Southeast Asian biodiversity, Biodiversity and Conservation, vol.19, issue.2, pp.317-328, 2010.

P. Sokhem and K. Sunada, The Governance of the Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia: Integration of Local, National and International Levels, International Journal of Water Resources Development, vol.22, issue.3, pp.399-416, 2006.

W. Solesbury, Sustainable Livelihoods : A Case Study of the Evolution of DFID Policy, 2003.

A. Soltani, A. Angelsen, T. Eid, M. S. Naieni, and T. Shamekhi, Poverty, sustainability, and household livelihood strategies in Zagros, Iran. Ecological Economics, vol.79, pp.60-70, 2012.

N. Strange, I. Theilade, S. Thea, A. Sloth, and F. Helles, Integration of species persistence, costs and conflicts: An evaluation of tree conservation strategies in Cambodia, Biological Conservation, vol.137, issue.2, pp.223-236, 2007.

U. R. Sumaila and C. Walters, Intergenerational discounting: A new intuitive approach, Ecological Economics, vol.52, issue.2, pp.135-142, 2005.

T. S. Sunil and M. Sagna, Decomposition of childhood malnutrition in Cambodia, Maternal and Child Nutrition, vol.11, issue.4, pp.973-986, 2015.

J. Swift, Why Are Rural People Vulnerable To Famine, IDS Bulletin, vol.20, issue.2, pp.8-15, 1989.

S. Choo, P. Nowak, B. S. Kusakabe, K. Williams, and M. J. , Guest Editorial: Gender and Fisheries, Development, vol.51, issue.2, pp.176-179, 2008.

J. E. Taylor, S. Rozelle, and A. De-brauw, Migration and Incomes in Source Communities: A New Economics of Migration Perspective from China, 2003.

, Economic Development and Cultural Change, vol.52, issue.1, pp.75-101

L. S. Teh, L. C. Teh, and U. Rashid-sumaila, Time preference of smallscale fishers in open access and traditionally managed reef fisheries, Marine Policy, vol.44, pp.222-231, 2014.

C. Tep, K. Meng, P. Tith, P. Deap, S. Chap et al., Cambodia: Asserting rights, defining responsibilities, 2007.

Y. Tesfaye, A. Roos, B. M. Campbell, and F. Bohlin, Livelihood strategies and the role of forest income in participatory-managed forests of Dodola area in the bale highlands, southern Ethiopia, Forest Policy and Economics, vol.13, issue.4, pp.258-265, 2011.

S. Thay, Fisheries Policy Reforms and the Current Perceptions about Community Fisheries and Co-management of Fisheries: A Case Study from Selected Fishing Lot Areas of Siem Reap and Battambang Provinces Kingdom of Cambodia, 2002.

E. Thys, M. Oueadraogo, N. Speybroeck, and S. Geerts, Socio-economic determinants of urban household livestock keeping in semi-arid Western Africa, Journal of Arid Environments, vol.63, pp.475-496, 2005.

A. Tilley and J. Lopez-angarita, Predicting vulnerability to management changes in data-limited, small-scale fisheries, Marine Policy, vol.72, pp.211-218, 2016.

C. P. Timmer, Chapter 8: The agricultural transformation, Handbook of Development Economics, vol.1, pp.275-331, 1988.

P. Townsley, Sustainable rural livelihoods: what contribution can we make?, pp.139-154, 1998.

H. Travers, T. Clements, A. Keane, and E. J. Milner-gulland, Incentives for cooperation: The effects of institutional controls on common pool resource extraction in Cambodia, Ecological Economics, vol.71, issue.1, pp.151-161, 2011.

. Uncdf, Local development outlook Cambodia: Trends, policies, governance, 2010.

M. L. Van-brakel and L. G. Ross, Aquaculture development and scenarios of change in fish trade and market access for the poor in Cambodia, Aquaculture Research, vol.42, issue.7, pp.931-942, 2011.

N. Van-zalinge, T. Nao, S. T. Touch, and L. Deap, Where there is water, there is fish? Cambodian fi sheries issues in a Mekong River Basin perspective, 2000.

, Common property in the Mekong: issues of sustainability and subsistence, pp.37-48

O. Varis, Poverty, economic growth, deprivation, and water: the cases of Cambodia and Vietnam, Ambio, vol.37, issue.3, pp.225-231, 2008.

S. Vixathep and N. Matsunaga, Firm Efficiency in Cambodia's Garment Industry on the Eve of the Multi-Fiber Arrangement Termination, Asian Economic Journal, vol.26, issue.4, pp.359-380, 2012.

P. Vrieze and K. Naren, Carving Up Cambodia: One concession at a time. Cambodia Daily, Weekend, vol.730, pp.4-11, 2012.

P. Webb, E. Richardson, S. Seyoum, and Y. Yohannes, Vulnerability mapping and geographical targeting an exploratory methodology applied to ethiopia, 1994.

A. T. White, L. Z. Hale, Y. Renard, and L. Cortesi, Collaborative and community-based management of coral reefs, 1994.

, Cambodia Halving Poverty by 2015 ? Poverty Assessment, 2006.

W. Bank, Where Have All The Poor Gone ? Cambodia Poverty Assessment, 2013.

W. Bank, Cambodian Agriculture in Transition: Opportunities and Risks, 2015.

D. C. Washington,

W. Bank, Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average), 2015.

W. Bank, World Development Indicators, 2016.

W. Center, Study of the Influence of Built Structures on the Fisheries of the Tonle Sap: Technical Assistance Consultant's Report, 2007.

T. Yandle, Sharing natural resource management responsibility: Examining the New Zealand rock lobster co-management experience, Policy Sciences, vol.39, issue.3, pp.249-278, 2006.

Y. Yohannes and P. Webb, Classification and Regression Trees, CART: A User Manual for Identifying Indicators of Vulnerability to Famine and Chronic Food Insecurity, 1999.

C. Yoshimura, T. Omura, H. Furumai, and K. Tockner, Present state of rivers and streams in Japan, River Res. Applic, vol.21, issue.2-3, pp.93-112, 2005.

B. Yu and X. Diao, Cambodia's Agricultural Strategy: Future Development Options for the Rice Sector -A Policy Discussion Paper. Phnom Penh, 2011.

B. Yu and S. Fan, Rice production response in Cambodia, Agricultural Economics, vol.42, issue.3, pp.437-450, 2011.

G. Ziv, E. Baran, S. Nam, I. Rodriguez-iturbe, and S. A. Levin, Trading-off fish biodiversity, food security, and hydropower in the Mekong River Basin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.109, issue.15, pp.5609-5614, 2012.

, Off-farm activities, income, migration

C. Part, This part will ask you about your response to hypothetical change in Tonle Sap fishery

, Views/perceptions under possible policy/future conditions Some studies show that because of the ongoing development of dam construction in the Upper Mekong Basin, climate change and urbanization, there will be four possible situations in the future: (a) 50% reduction of fish production in Tonle Sap Lake, (b) Increased agricultural land due to changes in flood plain habitats, (c) Creation of more jobs due to the urbanization and increased economic activities in urban centers or

, Assuming one or more of these conditions arise in the future, then how would your livelihood be affected and how would you allocate and manage your resources. 12 What type of illegal fishing occurs?