C. Aguirre, Dispersión et Mélange Atmosphérique Euléro-lagrangien de Particules Fluides Réactives. Application à des cas simples et complexe, 2005.

G. Almeida, D. Durao, and M. Heitor, Wake flows behind two-dimensional model hills, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, vol.7, issue.1, pp.87-101, 1993.

R. S. Anderson and P. Haff, Wind modification and bed response during saltation of sand in air, In Aeolian Grain Transport, vol.1, pp.21-51, 1991.

R. S. Anderson, M. Sørensen, and B. B. Willetts, A review of recent progress in our understanding of aeolian sediment transport, In Aeolian Grain Transport 1, pp.1-19, 1991.

B. Andreotti, P. Claudin, and S. Douady, Selection of dune shapes and velocities part 1: Dynamics of sand, wind and barchans, The European Physical Journal B-Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, vol.28, issue.3, pp.321-339, 2002.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00009357

A. Arakawa, Computational design for long-term numerical integration of the equations of fluid motion: Two-dimensional incompressible flow. part i, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.1, issue.1, pp.119-143, 1966.

B. Aupoix and J. Cousteix, Modèles simples de tensions de sous-maille en turbulence homogène isotrope, La Recherche Aérospatiale, vol.4, pp.273-283, 1982.

R. A. Bagnold, The physics of blown sand and desert dunes, London: Methuen. Menthuen, 1941.

E. Balaras, Modeling complex boundaries using an external force field on fixed cartesian grids in large-eddy simulations, Computers & Fluids, vol.33, issue.3, pp.375-404, 2004.

A. B. Basset, On the motion of a sphere in a viscous liquid, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A, vol.179, pp.43-63, 1888.

A. B. Basset, A treatise on hydrodynamics: with numerous examples, vol.2, 1888.

D. Beladjine, M. Ammi, L. Oger, and A. Valance, Collision process between an incident bead and a three-dimensional granular packing, Physical Review E, vol.75, issue.6, p.61305, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00155179

L. C. Berselli, T. Iliescu, and W. J. Layton, Mathematics of large eddy simulation of turbulent flows, 2005.

R. P. Beyer and R. J. Leveque, Analysis of a one-dimensional model for the immersed boundary method, SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, vol.29, issue.2, pp.332-364, 1992.

J. Boussinesq, Sur la résistance qu'oppose un liquide indéfini en repos sans pesanteur, au mouvement varié d'une sphère solide, Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, vol.100, pp.985-937, 1885.

M. Briscolini and P. Santangelo, Development of the mask method for incompressible unsteady flows, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.84, issue.1, pp.57-75, 1989.

Y. A. Buevich, Motion resistance of a particle suspended in a turbulent medium, Fluid Dynamics, vol.1, issue.6, pp.119-119, 1966.

D. W. Byun, On the analytical solutions of flux-profile relationships for the atmospheric surface layer, Journal of Applied Meteorology, vol.29, issue.7, pp.652-657, 1990.

S. Cao and T. Tamura, Experimental study on roughness effects on turbulent boundary layer flow over a two-dimensional steep hill, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol.94, issue.1, pp.1-19, 2006.

I. P. Castro, Rough-wall boundary layers: mean flow universality, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.585, pp.469-485, 2007.

F. Charru, B. Andreotti, and P. Claudin, Sand ripples and dunes, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol.45, pp.469-493, 2013.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev-fluid-011212-140806
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00778107

F. Charru and E. Hinch, Ripple formation on a particle bed sheared by a viscous liquid. part 1. steady flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.550, pp.111-121, 2006.

N. Cheng and Y. Chiew, Pickup probability for sediment entrainment, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol.124, issue.2, pp.232-235, 1998.

W. Chepil, Dynamics of wind erosion: Ii. initiation of soil movement, Soil Science, vol.60, issue.5, p.397, 1945.

R. A. Clark, J. H. Ferziger, and W. C. Reynolds, Evaluation of subgrid-scale models using an accurately simulated turbulent flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.91, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1979.

T. L. Clark, Numerical simulations with a three-dimensional cloud model: Lateral boundary condition experiments and multicellular severe storm simulations, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.36, issue.11, pp.2191-2215, 1979.

D. Coles, The law of the wake in the turbulent boundary layer, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.1, issue.2, pp.191-226, 1956.

S. Corrsin and J. Lumley, On the equation of motion for a particle in turbulent fluid, Applied Scientific Research, Section A, vol.6, issue.2-3, pp.114-116, 1956.

M. Creyssels, P. Dupont, A. O. El-moctar, A. Valance, I. Cantat et al., Saltating particles in a turbulent boundary layer: experiment and theory, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.625, pp.47-74, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00664591

D. S. Dandy and H. A. Dwyer, A sphere in shear flow at finite reynolds number: effect of shear on particle lift, drag, and heat transfer, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.216, pp.381-410, 1990.

J. W. Deardorff, A numerical study of three-dimensional turbulent channel flow at large reynolds numbers, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.41, issue.2, pp.453-480, 1970.

J. W. Deardorff, Stratocumulus-capped mixed layers derived from a threedimensional model, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol.18, issue.4, pp.495-527, 1980.
DOI : 10.1007/bf00119502

R. Deleon, M. Sandusky, and I. Senocak, Simulations of turbulent flow over complex terrain using an immersed-boundary method, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol.167, issue.3, pp.399-420, 2018.

I. Descamps, Erosion éolienne d'un lit de particules à large spectre granulométrique, 2004.

P. Diplas, C. L. Dancey, A. O. Celik, M. Valyrakis, K. Greer et al., The role of impulse on the initiation of particle movement under turbulent flow conditions, Science, vol.322, issue.5902, pp.717-720, 2008.

P. Duboys, Le rhone et les rivieres a lit affouillable, In Annales des Ponts et Chaussees, Series, vol.5, pp.141-195, 1879.

S. Dupont, G. Bergametti, B. Marticorena, and S. Simoëns, Modeling saltation intermittency, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.118, issue.13, pp.7109-7128, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/jgrd.50528

O. Durán, B. Andreotti, and P. Claudin, Numerical simulation of turbulent sediment transport, from bed load to saltation, Physics of Fluids, vol.24, issue.10, p.103306, 2012.

O. Durán, P. Claudin, A. , and B. , Direct numerical simulations of aeolian sand ripples, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.111, issue.44, pp.15665-15668, 2014.

O. Durán and H. Herrmann, Modelling of saturated sand flux, Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, issue.07, p.7011, 2006.

D. R. Durran and J. B. Klemp, The effects of moisture on trapped mountain lee waves, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.39, issue.11, pp.2490-2506, 1982.

H. A. Einstein, The bed-load function for sediment transportation in open channel flows, vol.1026, 1950.

S. Elghobashi, On predicting particle-laden turbulent flows, Applied scientific research, vol.52, issue.4, pp.309-329, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/bf00936835

M. Elhakeem, A. T. Papanicolaou, and A. G. Tsakiris, A probabilistic model for sediment entrainment: The role of bed irregularity, International Journal of Sediment Research, vol.32, issue.2, pp.137-148, 2017.

V. B. Ernstsen, M. Becker, C. Winter, A. Bartholomä, B. W. Flemming et al., Bedload transport in an inlet channel during a tidal cycle, River, Coastal and Estuarine Morphodynamics: RCEM, pp.351-358, 2007.
DOI : 10.1201/noe0415453639-c45

E. Fadlun, R. Verzicco, P. Orlandi, and J. Mohd-yusof, Combined immersedboundary finite-difference methods for three-dimensional complex flow simulations, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.161, issue.1, pp.35-60, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/jcph.2000.6484

H. Faxén, Der widerstand gegen die bewegung einer starren kugel in einer zähen flüssigkeit, die zwischen zwei parallelen ebenen wänden eingeschlossen ist, Annalen der Physik, vol.373, issue.10, pp.89-119, 1922.

R. Fernandez-luque and R. Van-beek, Erosion and transport of bed-load sediment, Journal of Hydraulic Research, vol.14, issue.2, pp.127-144, 1976.

A. D. Ferreira and M. R. Fino, A wind tunnel study of wind erosion and profile reshaping of transverse sand piles in tandem, Geomorphology, vol.139, pp.230-241, 2012.

M. C. Ferreira, Influence of non-erodible particles on aeolian erosion, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01620022

J. R. Fessler, J. D. Kulick, and J. K. Eaton, Preferential concentration of heavy particles in a turbulent channel flow, Physics of Fluids, vol.6, issue.11, pp.3742-3749, 1994.

B. Fletcher, The incipient motion of granular materials, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol.9, issue.17, p.2471, 1976.

J. Foucaut and M. Stanislas, Take-off threshold velocity of solid particles lying under a turbulent boundary layer, Experiments in fluids, vol.20, issue.5, pp.377-382, 1996.

T. Gao, Y. Tseng, and X. Lu, An improved hybrid cartesian/immersed boundary method for fluid-solid flows, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol.55, issue.12, pp.1189-1211, 2007.

R. Gatignol, The faxén formulas for a rigid particle in an unsteady non-uniform stokes-flow, Journal de Mécanique théorique et appliquée, vol.2, issue.2, pp.143-160, 1983.

M. Germano, U. Piomelli, P. Moin, and W. H. Cabot, A dynamic subgrid-scale eddy viscosity model, Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics, vol.3, issue.7, pp.1760-1765, 1991.
DOI : 10.1063/1.857955

A. Gilmanov, F. Sotiropoulos, and E. Balaras, A general reconstruction algorithm for simulating flows with complex 3d immersed boundaries on cartesian grids, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.191, issue.2, pp.660-669, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/s0021-9991(03)00321-8

D. Goldstein, R. Handler, and L. Sirovich, Modeling a no-slip flow boundary with an external force field, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.105, issue.2, pp.354-366, 1993.
DOI : 10.1006/jcph.1993.1081

R. Greeley and J. Iversen, Wind as a geological process on Earth, 1985.
DOI : 10.1017/cbo9780511573071

G. Grötzbach, Direct numerical and large eddy simulation of turbulent channel flows, Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics, vol.6, pp.1337-1391, 1987.

D. Hall, Measurements of the mean force on a particle near a boundary in turbulent flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.187, pp.451-466, 1988.

T. D. Ho, Etude expérimentale du transport de particules dans une couche limite turbulente, 2012.

T. D. Ho, A. Valance, P. Dupont, and A. O. Moctar, Aeolian sand transport: Length and height distributions of saltation trajectories, Aeolian Research, vol.12, pp.65-74, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00921534

P. Hoffmann, K. Muck, and P. Bradshaw, The effect of concave surface curvature on turbulent boundary layers, Journal of Fluid mechanics, vol.161, pp.371-403, 1985.

K. Horiuti, Large eddy simulation of turbulent channel flow by one-equation modeling, Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, vol.54, issue.8, pp.2855-2865, 1985.

, Training Course Materials, Institut for Development and Resources in Intensive Scientific Computing

G. Huang, Numerical simulation of solid particle transport in atmospheric boundarylayer over obstacles, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01303749

G. Huang, C. Le-ribault, I. Vinkovic, and S. Simoëns, Part i: a priori study of erosion and deposition with large eddy simulation of turbulent flow over multiple 2d sandy gaussian hills, Environmental Fluid Mechanics, pp.1-29, 2018.

G. Huang, S. Simoëns, I. Vinkovic, C. Le-ribault, S. Dupont et al., , 2016.

, Law-of-the-wall in a boundary-layer over regularly distributed roughness elements, Journal of Turbulence, vol.17, issue.5, pp.518-541

M. Hussain and B. Lee, A wind tunnel study of the mean pressure forces acting on large groups of low-rise buildings, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol.6, issue.3-4, pp.207-225, 1980.

G. Iaccarino and R. Verzicco, Immersed boundary technique for turbulent flow simulations, Applied Mechanics Reviews, vol.56, issue.3, pp.331-347, 2003.

A. Ibrahim, P. Dunn, and M. Qazi, Experiments and validation of a model for microparticle detachment from a surface by turbulent air flow, Journal of Aerosol Science, vol.39, issue.8, pp.645-656, 2008.

J. Jiménez, Turbulent flows over rough walls, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol.36, pp.173-196, 2004.

J. Kamphuis, Determination of sand roughness for fixed beds, Journal of Hydraulic Research, vol.12, issue.2, pp.193-203, 1974.

I. Kanda, Y. Yamao, K. Uehara, and S. Wakamatsu, Particle-image velocimetry measurements of separation and re-attachment of airflow over two-dimensional hills with various slope angles and approach-flow characteristics. Boundary-layer meteorology, vol.148, pp.157-175, 2013.

L. Kang, L. Guo, and D. Liu, Reconstructing the vertical distribution of the aeolian saltation mass flux based on the probability distribution of lift-off velocity, Geomorphology, vol.96, issue.1-2, pp.1-15, 2008.

K. Khadra, P. Angot, S. Parneix, and J. Caltagirone, Fictitious domain approach for numerical modelling of navier-stokes equations, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol.34, issue.8, pp.651-684, 2000.

J. B. Klemp and D. R. Durran, An upper boundary condition permitting internal gravity wave radiation in numerical mesoscale models, Monthly Weather Review, vol.111, issue.3, pp.430-444, 1983.

J. B. Klemp and R. B. Wilhelmson, The simulation of three-dimensional convective storm dynamics, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.35, issue.6, pp.1070-1096, 1978.

J. F. Kok and N. O. Renno, A comprehensive numerical model of steady state saltation (comsalt), Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, issue.D17, p.114, 2009.

V. A. Kuzkin, On angular momentum balance for particle systems with periodic boundary conditions, ZAMM-Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics/Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, vol.95, issue.11, pp.1290-1295, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/zamm.201400045
URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/1312.7008

M. Lai and C. S. Peskin, An immersed boundary method with formal secondorder accuracy and reduced numerical viscosity, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.160, issue.2, pp.705-719, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/jcph.2000.6483
URL : http://jupiter.math.nctu.edu.tw/~mclai/papers/Lai_1.pdf

N. Lancaster, Desert dune processes and dynamics. Arid Zone Geomorphology: Process, Form and Change in Drylands, pp.487-515, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/9780470710777.ch19

J. W. Lavelle and H. O. Mofjeld, Do critical stresses for incipient motion and erosion really exist, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol.113, issue.3, pp.370-385, 1987.
DOI : 10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1987)113:3(370)

H. Le, P. Moin, K. , and J. , Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow over a backward-facing step, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.330, pp.349-374, 1997.

D. Legendre and J. Magnaudet, The lift force on a spherical bubble in a viscous linear shear flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.368, pp.81-126, 1998.

D. Leighton and A. Acrivos, The lift on a small sphere touching a plane in the presence of a simple shear flow, Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik ZAMP, vol.36, issue.1, pp.174-178, 1985.

M. Lesieur, Turbulence in fluids: stochastic and numerical modelling, 1987.

K. Lettau, Experimental and micrometeorological field studies of dune migration. Exploring in the World's Driest Climate, pp.110-147, 1978.

C. C. Liao, Y. W. Chang, C. A. Lin, and J. Mcdonough, Simulating flows with moving rigid boundary using immersed-boundary method, Computers & Fluids, vol.39, issue.1, pp.152-167, 2010.

P. M. Ligrani and R. J. Moffat, Structure of transitionally rough and fully rough turbulent boundary layers, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.162, pp.69-98, 1986.
DOI : 10.1017/s0022112086001933
URL : https://calhoun.nps.edu/bitstream/10945/62207/1/Structure_of_Transitionally.pdf

D. Lilly, Wave-permeable lateral boundary conditions for convective cloud and storm simulations, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.38, issue.6, pp.1313-1316, 1981.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1981)038<1313:wplbcf>2.0.co;2
URL : http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0469%281981%29038%3C1313%3AWPLBCF%3E2.0.CO%3B2

A. Lopes, L. Oliveira, A. D. Ferreira, and J. Pinto, Numerical simulation of sand dune erosion, Environmental Fluid Mechanics, vol.13, issue.2, pp.145-168, 2013.

E. Loth, Lift of a spherical particle subject to vorticity and/or spin, AIAA Journal, vol.46, issue.4, pp.801-809, 2008.

T. S. Lund, X. Wu, and K. D. Squires, Generation of turbulent inflow data for spatially-developing boundary layer simulations, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.140, issue.2, pp.233-258, 1998.

K. A. Lundquist, F. K. Chow, and J. K. Lundquist, An immersed boundary method for the weather research and forecasting model, Monthly Weather Review, vol.138, issue.3, pp.796-817, 2010.

P. Mason and N. Callen, On the magnitude of the subgrid-scale eddy coefficient in large-eddy simulations of turbulent channel flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.162, pp.439-462, 1986.

M. R. Maxey and J. J. Riley, Equation of motion for a small rigid sphere in a nonuniform flow, The Physics of Fluids, vol.26, issue.4, pp.883-889, 1983.

R. Mei, An approximate expression for the shear lift force on a spherical particle at finite reynolds number, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol.18, issue.1, pp.145-147, 1992.

C. Meneveau, Statistics of turbulence subgrid-scale stresses: Necessary conditions and experimental tests, Physics of Fluids, vol.6, issue.2, pp.815-833, 1994.
DOI : 10.1063/1.868320

M. Miller and A. Thorpe, Radiation conditions for the lateral boundaries of limited-area numerical models, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.107, issue.453, pp.615-628, 1981.

R. Mittal, H. Dong, M. Bozkurttas, F. Najjar, A. Vargas et al., A versatile sharp interface immersed boundary method for incompressible flows with complex boundaries, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.227, issue.10, pp.4825-4852, 2008.

R. Mittal and G. Iaccarino, Immersed boundary methods, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol.37, pp.239-261, 2005.

C. Moeng, A large-eddy-simulation model for the study of planetary boundarylayer turbulence, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.41, issue.13, pp.2052-2062, 1984.

C. Moeng and J. C. Wyngaard, Evaluation of turbulent transport and dissipation closures in second-order modeling, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.46, issue.14, pp.2311-2330, 1989.

J. Mohd-yusof, Combined immersed boundary/b-spline methods for simulation of flow in complex geometries, Annual Research Briefs, pp.317-328, 1997.

P. Moin and J. Kim, Numerical investigation of turbulent channel flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.118, pp.341-377, 1982.

A. Mollinger and F. Nieuwstadt, Measurement of the lift force on a particle fixed to the wall in the viscous sublayer of a fully developed turbulent boundary layer, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.316, pp.285-306, 1996.

K. Muck, P. Hoffmann, and P. Bradshaw, The effect of convex surface curvature on turbulent boundary layers, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.161, pp.347-369, 1985.

M. Nabi, .. H. Vriend, E. Mosselman, C. Sloff, and Y. Shimizu, Detailed simulation of morphodynamics: 1. hydrodynamic model, Water Resources Research, issue.12, p.48, 2012.

J. Nikuradse, Stromungsgesetze in rauhen rohren. VDI-Forschungsheft, vol.361, p.1292, 1933.
DOI : 10.1002/zamm.19310110603

T. R. Oke, Street design and urban canopy layer climate. Energy and buildings, vol.11, pp.103-113, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-7788(88)90026-6

J. O&apos;neil and C. Meneveau, Subgrid-scale stresses and their modelling in a turbulent plane wake, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.349, pp.253-293, 1997.

I. Orlanski, A simple boundary condition for unbounded hyperbolic flows, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.21, issue.3, pp.251-269, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9991(76)90023-1

C. W. Oseen, , vol.1, 1927.

R. Ouchene, J. I. Polanco, I. Vinkovic, and S. Simoëns, Acceleration statistics of prolate spheroidal particles in turbulent channel flow, Journal of Turbulence, vol.19, issue.10, pp.827-848, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02085881

P. R. Owen, Saltation of uniform grains in air, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.20, issue.2, pp.225-242, 1964.

N. Peller, A. L. Duc, F. Tremblay, and M. Manhart, High-order stable interpolations for immersed boundary methods, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol.52, issue.11, pp.1175-1193, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/fld.1227

C. S. Peskin, Flow patterns around heart valves: a numerical method, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.10, issue.2, pp.252-271, 1972.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9991(72)90065-4

C. S. Peskin, Numerical analysis of blood flow in the heart, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.25, issue.3, pp.220-252, 1977.

M. Picciotto, C. Marchioli, and A. Soldati, Characterization of near-wall accumulation regions for inertial particles in turbulent boundary layers, Physics of Fluids, vol.17, issue.9, p.98101, 2005.

S. Pope and S. B. Pope, Turbulent Flows, 2000.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00712179

L. Quartier, B. Andreotti, S. Douady, and A. Daerr, Dynamics of a grain on a sandpile model, Physical Review E, vol.62, issue.6, p.8299, 2000.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01591074

M. Raupach, R. Antonia, and S. Rajagopalan, Rough-wall turbulent boundary layers, Applied Mechanics Reviews, vol.44, issue.1, pp.1-25, 1991.

M. Raupach, G. Mctainsh, and J. Leys, Estimates of dust mass in recent major australian dust storms, Australian Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, vol.7, pp.20-24, 1994.

M. Raupach, A. Thom, and I. Edwards, A wind-tunnel study of turbulent flow close to regularly arrayed rough surfaces, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol.18, issue.4, pp.373-397, 1980.

M. A. Rice, B. B. Willetts, and I. Mcewan, An experimental study of multiple grain-size ejecta produced by collisions of saltating grains with a flat bed, Sedimentology, vol.42, issue.4, pp.695-706, 1995.

M. A. Rice, B. B. Willetts, and I. Mcewan, Observations of collisions of saltating grains with a granular bed from high-speed cine-film, Sedimentology, vol.43, issue.1, pp.21-31, 1996.

P. J. Roache, Computational fluid dynamics, 1972.

D. W. Rouson and J. K. Eaton, On the preferential concentration of solid particles in turbulent channel flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.428, pp.149-169, 2001.

P. Saffman, The lift on a small sphere in a slow shear flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.22, issue.2, pp.385-400, 1965.

E. Saiki and S. Biringen, Numerical simulation of a cylinder in uniform flow: application of a virtual boundary method, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.123, issue.2, pp.450-465, 1996.

G. Sauermann, K. Kroy, and H. J. Herrmann, Continuum saltation model for sand dunes, Physical Review E, vol.64, issue.3, p.31305, 2001.
DOI : 10.1103/physreve.64.031305
URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0101377

U. Schumann, Subgrid scale model for finite difference simulations of turbulent flows in plane channels and annuli, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.18, issue.4, pp.376-404, 1975.

Y. Shao, Physics and modelling of wind erosion, vol.37, 2008.

Y. Shao and H. Lu, A simple expression for wind erosion threshold friction velocity, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.105, issue.D17, pp.22437-22443, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/2000jd900304
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2000JD900304

A. Shields, Anwendung der Aehnlichkeitsmechanik und der Turbulenzforschung auf die Geschiebebewegung, 1936.

S. Simoens, M. Ayrault, and J. M. Wallace, The flow across a street canyon of variable width-part 1: Kinematic description, Atmospheric Environment, vol.41, issue.39, pp.9002-9017, 2007.

S. Simoëns, A. Saleh, C. Leribault, M. Belhmadi, R. Zegadi et al., Influence of gaussian hill on concentration of solid particles in suspension inside turbulent boudary layer, Procedia IUTAM, vol.17, pp.110-118, 2015.

J. Smagorinsky, General circulation experiments with the primitive equations: I. the basic experiment, Monthly Weather Review, vol.91, issue.3, pp.99-164, 1963.

A. Soldati and C. Marchioli, Physics and modelling of turbulent particle deposition and entrainment: Review of a systematic study, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol.35, issue.9, pp.827-839, 2009.

M. Sørensen, An analytic model of wind-blown sand transport, Acta Mechanica, pp.67-81, 1991.

P. R. Spalart, Direct simulation of a turbulent boundary layer up to r ? = 1410, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.187, pp.61-98, 1988.

K. D. Squires and J. K. Eaton, Preferential concentration of particles by turbulence, Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics, vol.3, issue.5, pp.1169-1178, 1991.

G. G. Stokes, On the effect of the internal friction of fluids on the motion of pendulums, vol.9, 1851.

R. B. Stull, An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, vol.13, 1988.

A. Taniere, B. Oesterle, and J. Monnier, On the behaviour of solid particles in a horizontal boundary layer with turbulence and saltation effects, Experiments in Fluids, vol.23, issue.6, pp.463-471, 1997.

C. Tchen, Mean value and correlation problems connected with the motion of small particles suspended in a turbulent fluid, 1947.

Y. Tseng and J. H. Ferziger, A ghost-cell immersed boundary method for flow in complex geometry, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.192, issue.2, pp.593-623, 2003.

J. E. Ungar and P. Haff, Steady state saltation in air, Sedimentology, vol.34, issue.2, pp.289-299, 1987.

M. Valyrakis, P. Diplas, and C. L. Dancey, Entrainment of coarse particles in turbulent flows: An energy approach, Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, vol.118, issue.1, pp.42-53, 2013.

J. Vinçont, S. Simoens, M. Ayrault, W. , and J. , Passive scalar dispersion in a turbulent boundary layer from a line source at the wall and downstream of an obstacle, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.424, pp.127-167, 2000.

I. Vinkovic, Dispersion et mélange turbulents de particules solides et de gouttelettes par une simulation des grandes échelles et une modélisation stochastique lagrangienne. Application à la pollution de l'atmosphère, 2005.

I. Vinkovic, C. Aguirre, M. Ayrault, and S. Simoëns, Large-eddy simulation of the dispersion of solid particles in a turbulent boundary layer, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol.121, issue.2, p.283, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00274830

I. Vinkovic, D. Doppler, J. Lelouvetel, and M. Buffat, Direct numerical simulation of particle interaction with ejections in turbulent channel flows, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol.37, issue.2, pp.187-197, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00691098

D. Wang, Y. Wang, B. Yang, W. Zhang, and N. Lancaster, Statistical analysis of sand grain/bed collision process recorded by high-speed digital camera, Sedimentology, vol.55, issue.2, pp.461-470, 2008.

B. White, Two-phase measurements of saltating turbulent boundary layer flow, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol.8, issue.5, pp.459-473, 1982.

C. White, The equilibrium of grains on the bed of a stream, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A, vol.174, issue.958, pp.322-338, 1940.

G. Wiggs and C. Weaver, Turbulent flow structures and aeolian sediment transport over a barchan sand dune, Geophysical Research Letters, issue.5, p.39, 2012.

G. F. Wiggs, Desert dune processes and dynamics, Progress in Physical Geography, vol.25, issue.1, pp.53-79, 2001.

B. Willetts and M. Rice, Collisions in aeolian saltation, Acta Mechanica, vol.63, issue.1-4, pp.255-265, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/bf01182552

J. J. Williams, Aeolian entrainment thresholds in a developing boundary layer, 1986.

F. Wippermann and G. Gross, The wind-induced shaping and migration of an isolated dune: a numerical experiment, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol.36, issue.4, pp.319-334, 1986.

F. Wu and Y. Lin, Pickup probability of sediment under log-normal velocity distribution, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol.128, issue.4, pp.438-442, 2002.

J. Wu, R. Le, I. Vinkovic, and S. Simoëns, Large-eddy simulation for moving terrain applied to sand dune displacement, 23ème Congrès Français de Mécanique. Association Française de Mécanique, 2017.

M. Xue, K. Droegemeier, V. Wong, A. Shapiro, and K. Brewster, Advanced regional prediction system (arps) version 4.0 user's guide. Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms, p.380, 1995.

M. Xue, K. K. Droegemeier, and V. Wong, The advanced regional prediction system (arps)-a multi-scale nonhydrostatic atmospheric simulation and prediction model. part i: Model dynamics and verification, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol.75, issue.3-4, pp.161-193, 2000.

M. Xue, K. K. Droegemeier, V. Wong, A. Shapiro, K. Brewster et al., The advanced regional prediction system (arps)-a multi-scale nonhydrostatic atmospheric simulation and prediction tool. part ii: Model physics and applications, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol.76, issue.3-4, pp.143-165, 2001.

J. Yang and E. Balaras, An embedded-boundary formulation for large-eddy simulation of turbulent flows interacting with moving boundaries, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.215, issue.1, pp.12-40, 2006.

A. Yoshizawa, A statistically-derived subgrid model for the large-eddy simulation of turbulence, The Physics of Fluids, vol.25, issue.9, pp.1532-1538, 1982.

A. Yoshizawa and K. Horiuti, A statistically-derived subgrid-scale kinetic energy model for the large-eddy simulation of turbulent flows, Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, vol.54, issue.8, pp.2834-2839, 1985.

W. Yu, Finite size particle transport in turbulent channel flow, 2015.

L. Zeng, F. Najjar, S. Balachandar, and P. Fischer, Forces on a finite-sized particle located close to a wall in a linear shear flow, Physics of Fluids, vol.21, issue.3, p.33302, 2009.

A. D. Zimon, Adhesion of dust and powder, 1969.

A. Zingg, Wind tunnel studies of the movement of sedimentary material, Proceedings of the 5th Hydraulic Conference Bulletin, vol.34, pp.111-135, 1953.