A. Abbott, « Biology's new dimension », Nature, vol.424, p.870, 2003.

C. Abraham and J. H. Cho, « Inflammatory Bowel Disease, vol.361, p.206678, 2009.

R. Al-sadi, D. Ye, H. M. Said, and T. Y. Ma, Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Interleukin-1? Modulation of Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Tight Junction Barrier, Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, vol.15, issue.4, p.97082, 2011.

R. Alzamora, F. O. Mahony, W. Ko, T. Wai-nga-yip, D. Carter et al., « Berberine Reduces cAMP-Induced Chloride Secretion in T84 Human Colonic Carcinoma Cells through Inhibition of Basolateral KCNQ1 Channels », Frontiers in Physiology, vol.2, 2011.

A. Andoh, K. Kinoshita, I. Rosenberg, D. K. Et, and . Podolsky, « Intestinal Trefoil Factor Induces Decay-Accelerating Factor Expression and Enhances the Protective Activities Against Complement Activation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells, The Journal of Immunology, vol.167, issue.7, p.388793, 2001.

F. Antunes, F. Andrade, F. Araújo, D. Ferreira, B. Et et al., « Establishment of a triple co-culture in vitro cell models to study intestinal absorption of peptide drugs, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, vol.83, issue.3, p.42735, 2013.

F. Araújo, C. Pereira, J. Costa, C. Barrias, P. L. Granja et al., « In Vitro M-like Cells Genesis through a Tissue-Engineered TripleCulture Intestinal Model, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, vol.104, issue.4, p.78288, 2016.

F. Araújo and B. Sarmento, « Towards the characterization of an in vitro triple co-culture intestine cell model for permeability studies, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, vol.458, issue.1, p.12834, 2013.

N. Arpaia, C. Campbell, X. Fan, S. Dikiy, J. Van-der et al., « Metabolites Produced by Commensal Bacteria Promote Peripheral Regulatory T-Cell Generation », Nature, vol.504, issue.7480, p.45155, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/nature12726
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3869884?pdf=render

P. Artursson, K. Palm, K. Et, and . Luthman, « Caco-2 monolayers in experimental and theoretical predictions of drug transport1, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Special issue dedicated to Dr. Eric Tomlinson, vol.46, issue.1-3, p.2743, 1991.

C. Augeron and C. L. Laboisse, « Emergence of Permanently Differentiated Cell Clones in a Human Colonic Cancer Cell Line in Culture after Treatment with Sodium Butyrate, Cancer Research, vol.44, issue.9, p.396169, 1984.

A. M. Barnett, C. Nicole, W. C. Roy, A. L. Mcnabb, and . Cookson, « Effect of a Semi-Purified Oligosaccharide-Enriched Fraction from Caprine Milk on Barrier Integrity and Mucin Production of Co-Culture Models of the Small and Large Intestinal Epithelium, Nutrients, vol.8, issue.5, p.267, 2016.

G. J. Barrera, G. Et, and . Sánchez, « Cytokine modulation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) by human breast milk lipids on intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2), The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, vol.0, issue.0, p.18, 2015.
DOI : 10.3109/14767058.2015.1091879

J. Barrila, J. Yang, A. Crabbé, F. Shameema, Y. Sarker et al., « Three-Dimensional Organotypic Co-Culture Model of Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Macrophages to Study Salmonella Enterica Colonization Patterns, Npj Microgravity, vol.3, issue.1, p.10, 2017.
DOI : 10.1038/s41526-017-0011-2
URL : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41526-017-0011-2.pdf

A. Béduneau, C. Tempesta, S. Fimbel, Y. Pellequer, and V. Jannin, Frédéric Demarne, et Alf Lamprecht. 2014. « A tunable Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture model mimicking variable permeabilities of the human intestine obtained by an original seeding procedure, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, vol.87, issue.2, p.29098

I. Behrens, P. Stenberg, P. Artursson, T. Et, and . Kissel, Transport of Lipophilic Drug Molecules in a New Mucus-Secreting Cell Culture Model Based on HT29-MTX Cells », vol.18, p.113845, 2001.

A. R. Beltrán, R. Luciene, C. N. Carraro-lacroix, M. Bezerra, K. Cornejo et al., Escherichia coli HeatStable Enterotoxin Mediates Na+/H+ Exchanger 4 Inhibition Involving cAMP in T84 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells, vol.10, 2015.

. Benjamin, G. K. Jaya, M. Makharia, . Kalaivani, Y. K. Et et al., « Nutritional status of patients with Crohn's disease, » Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, vol.27, issue.5, p.195200, 2008.

L. J. Berghaus, N. James, D. J. Moore, M. L. Hurley, B. P. Vandenplas et al., « Innate immune responses of primary murine macrophage-lineage cells and RAW 264.7 cells to ligands of Toll-like receptors 2, 3, and 4, Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, vol.33, issue.5, p.44354, 2010.

S. C. Bischoff, G. Barbara, W. Buurman, T. Ockhuizen, J. Schulzke et al., « Intestinal permeability -a new target for disease prevention and therapy, BMC Gastroenterology, vol.14, p.189, 2014.

Z. T. Bitzer, L. Shannon, M. R. Glisan, K. M. Dorenkott, L. Goodrich et al., « Cocoa procyanidins with different degrees of polymerization possess distinct activities in models of colonic inflammation, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol.26, issue.8, p.82731, 2015.

J. Bourgine, I. Billaut-laden, M. Happillon, J. Lo-guidice, and V. Maunoury, Michel Imbenotte, et Franck Broly. 2012. « Gene Expression Profiling of Systems Involved in the Metabolism and the Disposition of Xenobiotics: Comparison between Human Intestinal Biopsy Samples and Colon Cell Lines, Drug Metabolism and Disposition, vol.40, issue.4, p.694705

M. J. Briske-anderson, W. John, S. M. Finley, and . Newman, « The Influence of Culture Time and Passage Number on the Morphological and Physiological Development of Caco-2 Cells, Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol.214, issue.3, p.24857, 1997.

E. M. Brown, M. Sadarangani, and B. Brett-finlay, « The Role of the Immune System in Governing Host-Microbe Interactions in the Intestine », Nature Immunology, vol.14, issue.7, p.66067, 2013.

M. Calatayud, J. V. Gimeno-alcañiz, V. Devesa, D. Et, and . Vélez, « Proinflammatory Effect of Trivalent Arsenical Species in a Co-Culture of Caco-2 Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, Archives of Toxicology, vol.89, issue.4, p.55564, 2014.

G. Cammarota, G. Ianiro, R. Cianci, S. Bibbò, A. Gasbarrini et al., The involvement of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: Potential for therapy, vol.149, p.191212, 2015.

E. Cario, I. M. Rosenberg, S. L. Brandwein, P. L. Beck, H. Reinecker et al., Lipopolysaccharide Activates Distinct Signaling Pathways in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines Expressing Toll-Like Receptors, vol.164, p.96672, 2000.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.164.2.966
URL : http://www.jimmunol.org/content/164/2/966.full.pdf

I. Caro, X. Boulenc, M. Rousset, V. Meunier, M. Bourrié et al., « Characterisation of a newly isolated Caco-2 clone (TC-7), as a model of transport processes and biotransformation of drugs, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, vol.116, issue.2, p.14758, 1995.

M. Cavicchi, B. J. Et, and . Whittle, « Regulation of Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthase and the Inhibitory Actions of Dexamethasone in the Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line, Caco-2: Influence of Cell Differentiation, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol.128, issue.3, p.70515, 1999.

. Chanput, J. J. Wasaporn, . Mes, F. J. Huub, H. J. Savelkoul et al., Characterization of Polarized THP-1 Macrophages and Polarizing Ability of LPS and Food Compounds, vol.4, p.26676, 2013.

. Chanput, J. J. Wasaporn, H. J. Mes, and . Wichers, « THP-1 cell line: An in vitro cell model for immune modulation approach, International Immunopharmacology, vol.23, issue.1, p.3745, 2014.

W. Chanput, J. Mes, A. M. Robert, . Vreeburg, F. J. Huub et al., « Transcription Profiles of LPS-Stimulated THP-1 Monocytes and Macrophages: A Tool to Study Inflammation Modulating Effects of Food-Derived Compounds, Food & Function, vol.1, issue.3, p.25461, 2010.

W. Chanput, V. Peters, H. Et, and . Wichers, The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health, édité par Kitty Verhoeckx, 2015.

I. Chantret, A. Rodolosse, A. Barbat, E. Dussaulx, E. Brot-laroche et al., « Differential Expression of Sucrase-Isomaltase in Clones Isolated from Early and Late Passages of the Cell Line Caco-2: Evidence for Glucose-Dependent Negative Regulation, Journal of Cell Science, vol.107, issue.1, p.21325, 1994.

I. Chantret, A. Barbat, E. Dussaulx, M. G. Brattain, and A. Zweibaum, « Epithelial Polarity, Villin Expression, and Enterocytic Differentiation of Cultured Human Colon Carcinoma Cells: A Survey of Twenty Cell Lines, Cancer Research, vol.48, issue.7, p.193642, 1988.

K. Cheng, C. Li, A. S. Et, and . Uss, « Prediction of oral drug absorption in humans -from cultured cell lines and experimental animals, Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, vol.4, issue.5, p.58190, 2008.

M. Chi, B. Yi, S. Oh, and D. Park,

«. Microfluidic, Cell Culture Device (?FCCD) to Culture Epithelial Cells with Physiological and Morphological Properties That Mimic Those of the Human Intestine, Biomedical Microdevices, vol.17, issue.3, p.58

R. Chisté, M. Campos, A. Z. Freitas, . Mercadante, E. Et et al., « Carotenoids inhibit lipid peroxidation and hemoglobin oxidation, but not the depletion of glutathione induced by ROS in human erythrocytes, Life Sciences, vol.99, issue.1, p.5260, 2014.

J. Cho, . Ah, E. Et, and . Park, « Curcumin utilizes the anti-inflammatory response pathway to protect the intestine against bacterial invasion, Nutrition Research and Practice, vol.9, issue.2, p.11722, 2015.

J. H. Cho, The Genetics and Immunopathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, vol.8, p.45866, 2008.

A. Cilla, A. Attanzio, R. Barberá, L. Tesoriere, M. A. Et et al., « Anti-proliferative effect of main dietary phytosterols and ?-cryptoxanthin alone or combined in human colon cancer Caco-2 cells through cytosolic Ca+2 -and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, Journal of Functional Foods, vol.12, p.28293, 2015.

E. Collnot, J. Susewind, C. Et, and . Lehr, « Advanced in Vitro Models of the Intestinal Mucosa for Drug Delivery Studies, Cellular In Vitro Testing: Methods and Protocols, 2013.

, REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES, vol.92

L. S. Conklin and . Et-maria-oliva-hemker, « Nutritional considerations in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, vol.4, issue.3, p.30517, 2010.

V. Costantini, E. K. Morantz, H. Browne, K. Ettayebi, X. L. Zeng et al., « Human Norovirus Replication in Human Intestinal Enteroids as Model to Evaluate Virus Inactivation, » Emerging infectious diseases, vol.24, issue.8, pp.1453-1464, 2018.

. Daigneault, J. A. Marc, H. M. Preston, M. K. Marriott, . Whyte et al., « The Identification of Markers of Macrophage Differentiation in PMA-Stimulated THP-1 Cells and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages », PLoS ONE, vol.5, issue.1, p.8668, 2010.

M. Denis, Y. Desjardins, A. Furtos, V. Marcil, S. Dudonné et al., « Prevention of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Intestine by Different Cranberry Phenolic Fractions », Clinical Science, vol.128, issue.3, p.197212, 2015.

K. Dharmsathaphorn, J. A. Mcroberts, K. G. Mandel, L. D. Tisdale, and H. Masui, « A human colonic tumor cell line that maintains vectorial electrolyte transport, American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.246, issue.2, pp.204-208, 1984.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.1984.246.2.g204

C. Dhuique-mayer, P. Borel, E. Reboul, B. Caporiccio, P. Besancon et al., « ?-Cryptoxanthin from citrus juices: assessment of bioaccessibility using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.97, issue.05, pp.883-890, 2007.

C. Dhuique-mayer, C. Caris-veyrat, P. Ollitrault, F. Curk, M. Et et al., « Varietal and Interspecific Influence on Micronutrient Contents in Citrus from the Mediterranean Area, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol.53, issue.6, p.214045, 2005.

C. Dhuique-mayer, A. During, B. Caporiccio, F. Tourniaire, M. Et et al., « Citrus Flavanones Enhance Carotenoid Uptake by Intestinal Caco-2 Cells, Food & Function, vol.4, issue.11, p.162531, 2013.

E. J. Dial, H. M. Suzan, R. L. Rooijakkers, J. J. Darling, L. M. Romero et al., « Role of Phosphatidylcholine Saturation in Preventing Bile Salt Toxicity to Gastrointestinal Epithelia and Membranes, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol.23, issue.3, p.43036, 2008.

S. Ding and P. K. Lund, Role of intestinal inflammation as an early event in obesity and insulin resistance ». Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care, vol.14, p.32833, 2011.

A. Dostal, C. Chassard, F. M. Hilty, M. B. Zimmermann, T. Jaeggi et al., « Iron Depletion and Repletion with Ferrous Sulfate or Electrolytic Iron Modifies the Composition and Metabolic Activity of the Gut Microbiota in Rats, The Journal of Nutrition, vol.142, issue.2, p.27177, 2012.

A. Dostal, M. Gagnon, C. Chassard, M. B. Zimmermann, L. O. Mahony et al., « Salmonella Adhesion, Invasion and Cellular Immune Responses Are Differentially Affected by Iron Concentrations in a, Combined In Vitro Gut Fermentation-Cell Model ». PLOS ONE, vol.9, issue.3, p.93549, 2014.

A. During, G. Albaugh, and J. C. Smith, « Characterization of ?-Carotene 15,15?-Dioxygenase Activity in TC7 Clone of Human Intestinal Cell Line Caco-2, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.249, issue.2, p.46774, 1998.

A. During, S. Doraiswamy, E. H. Et, and . Harrison, « Xanthophylls Are Preferentially Taken up Compared with ?-Carotene by Retinal Cells via a SRBIDependent Mechanism, Journal of Lipid Research, vol.49, issue.8, p.171524, 2008.
DOI : 10.1194/jlr.m700580-jlr200
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2444002?pdf=render

, REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES, vol.93

A. During, H. Earl, and . Harrison, « Mechanisms of Provitamin A (Carotenoid) and Vitamin A (Retinol) Transport into and out of Intestinal Caco-2 Cells », Journal of Lipid Research, vol.48, issue.10, p.228394, 2007.

A. During, M. M. Hussain, D. W. Morel, and E. H. Harrison, « Carotenoid Uptake and Secretion by CaCo-2 Cells ?-Carotene Isomer Selectivity and Carotenoid Interactions », Journal of Lipid Research, vol.43, issue.7, p.108695, 2002.
DOI : 10.1194/jlr.m200068-jlr200
URL : http://www.jlr.org/content/43/7/1086.full.pdf

M. Dvir-ginzberg, I. Gamlieli-bonshtein, R. Agbaria, S. Et, and . Cohen, Liver Tissue Engineering within Alginate Scaffolds: Effects of Cell-Seeding Density on Hepatocyte Viability, Morphology, and Function », vol.9, p.75766, 2003.
DOI : 10.1089/107632703768247430

M. Esch, J. H. Brigitte, J. Sung, C. Yang, J. Yu et al., « On Chip Porous Polymer Membranes for Integration of Gastrointestinal Tract Epithelium with Microfluidic 'Body-on-a-Chip' Devices », Biomedical Microdevices, vol.14, issue.5, p.895906, 2012.

N. Esser, S. Legrand-poels, J. Piette, and A. J. Scheen, « Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, et Nicolas Paquot, vol.105, p.14150, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006
URL : https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/168482/1/1-s2.0-S0168822714001879-main.pdf

. Ettayebi, S. E. Khalil, K. Crawford, J. R. Murakami, U. Broughman et al., Replication of Human Noroviruses in Stem Cell-Derived Human Enteroids ». Science, août, p.5211, 2016.

J. B. Ewaschuk, H. Diaz, L. Meddings, B. Diederichs, A. Dmytrash et al., « Secreted Bioactive Factors from Bifidobacterium Infantis Enhance Epithelial Cell Barrier Function, American Journal of Physiology -Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.295, issue.5, p.102534, 2008.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.90227.2008

M. L. Failla, C. Chitchumronchokchai, M. G. Ferruzzi, R. Shellen, W. W. Goltz et al., « Unsaturated Fatty Acids Promote Bioaccessibility and Basolateral Secretion of Carotenoids and ?-Tocopherol by Caco-2 Cells, Food & Function, vol.5, issue.6, p.110112, 2014.
DOI : 10.1039/c3fo60599j

M. L. Failla, C. Chitchumroonchokchai, B. K. Et, and . Ishida, « In Vitro Micellarization and Intestinal Cell Uptake of Cis Isomers of Lycopene Exceed Those of All-Trans Lycopene, The Journal of Nutrition, vol.138, issue.3, p.48286, 2008.

. Fang, S. Hsu-wei, J. Fang, C. Chiau, W. Yeung et al., « Inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus on Salmonella lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction in a co-culture model using Caco-2/peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol.59, issue.5, p.57379, 2010.

L. Ferguson and . Robin, « Dietary Interactions with the Bacterial Sensing Machinery in the Intestine: The Plant Polyphenol Case, Frontiers in Genetics, vol.5, 2014.

M. G. Ferruzzi, L. John, S. J. Lumpkin, M. Schwartz, and . Failla, « Digestive Stability, Micellarization, and Uptake of ?-Carotene Isomers by Caco-2 Human Intestinal Cells, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol.54, issue.7, p.278085, 2006.

K. A. Fitzgerald, M. Malhotra, C. M. Curtin, J. Fergal, . O'-brien et al., « Life in 3D is never flat: 3D models to optimise drug delivery, Journal of Controlled Release, vol.215, p.3954, 2015.

J. Fogh and G. Trempe, « New Human Tumor Cell Lines, Human Tumor Cells in Vitro, édité par Jørgen Fogh, p.11559, 1975.

,

A. Forbes, J. Escher, X. Hébuterne, S. K??k, Z. Krznaric et al., « ESPEN Guideline: Clinical Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease », Clinical Nutrition, vol.36, issue.2, p.32147, 2017.

C. Frontela-saseta, R. López-nicolás, C. A. González-bermúdez, C. Martínez-graciá, and G. Ros-berruezo, « Anti-inflammatory properties of fruit juices enriched with pine bark extract in an in vitro model of inflamed human intestinal epithelium: The effect of gastrointestinal digestion, Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol.53, p.9499, 2013.

M. Furuse, « Molecular Basis of the Core Structure of Tight Junctions, Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, vol.2, issue.1, p.2907, 2010.

K. Fyderek, « Mucosal Bacterial Microflora and Mucus Layer Thickness in Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.15, issue.42, p.5287, 2009.

. Galvez-llompart, M. María, J. Del-carmen-recio-iglesias, . Gálvez, and . Et-ramón-garcía-domenech, « Novel Potential Agents for Ulcerative Colitis by Molecular Topology: Suppression of IL-6 Production in Caco-2 and RAW 264, Cell Lines ». Molecular Diversity, vol.17, issue.7, p.57393, 2013.

A. Geremia, P. Biancheri, P. Allan, G. R. Corazza, and A. D. Sabatino, Innate and adaptive immunity in inflammatory bowel disease, vol.13, p.310, 2014.

J. Girón-calle, M. Alaiz, J. Et, and . Vioque, « Effect of chickpea protein hydrolysates on cell proliferation and in vitro bioavailability, Food Research International, vol.43, issue.5, p.136570, 2010.

D. Giuffrida, L. La-torre, S. Manuela, T. M. Pellicanò, and G. Dugo, « Application of HPLC-APCI-MS with a C-30 Reversed Phase Column for the Characterization of Carotenoid Esters in Mandarin Essential Oil, Flavour and Fragrance Journal, vol.21, issue.2, p.31923, 2006.

L. G. Griffith, M. A. Et, and . Swartz, « Capturing Complex 3D Tissue Physiology in Vitro », Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.7, issue.3, p.21124, 2006.

J. Grootjans, H. Inca, K. Hundscheid, B. Lenaerts, . Boonen et al., « Ischaemia-Induced Mucus Barrier Loss and Bacterial Penetration Are Rapidly Counteracted by Increased Goblet Cell Secretory Activity in Human and Rat Colon, Gut, vol.62, issue.2, p.25058, 2013.

E. Hagesaether, « Permeation modulating properties of natural polymers -Effect of molecular weight and mucus, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, vol.409, issue.1, p.15055, 2011.

D. Haller, L. Holt, A. Parlesak, J. Zanga, A. Bäuerlein et al., « Differential Effect of Immune Cells on Non-Pathogenic Gram-Negative BacteriaInduced Nuclear Factor-?B Activation and pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Immunology, vol.112, issue.2, p.31020, 2004.

D. Haller, P. Serrant, G. Peruisseau, C. Bode, W. P. Hammes et al., « IL-10 Producing CD14low Monocytes Inhibit Lymphocyte-Dependent Activation of Intestinal Epithelial Cells by Commensal Bacteria, Microbiology and Immunology, vol.46, issue.3, p.195205, 2002.

F. Heller, P. Florian, C. Bojarski, J. Richter, M. Christ et al., Interleukin-13 Is the Key Effector Th2 Cytokine in Ulcerative Colitis That Affects Epithelial Tight Junctions, vol.129, p.55064, 2005.

N. A. Hering, J. Et, and . Schulzke, Therapeutic Options to Modulate Barrier Defects in Inflammatory Bowel Disease ». Digestive Diseases, vol.27, p.45054, 2009.

I. Hidalgo, T. Raub, R. Et, and . Borchardt, « Characterization of the Human-Colon Carcinoma Cell-Line (Caco-2) as a Model System for Intestinal Epithelial Permeability, Gastroenterology, vol.96, issue.3, p.73649, 1989.

C. Hilgendorf, H. Spahn-langguth, C. G. Regårdh, E. Lipka, G. L. Amidon et al., « Caco-2 versus Caco-2/HT29-MTX Co-Cultured Cell Lines: Permeabilities via Diffusion, inside-and Outside-Directed Carrier-Mediated Transport, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.89, issue.1, pp.2-6, 2000.

K. M. Hillgren, A. Kato, R. T. Et, and . Borchardt, « In Vitro Systems for Studying Intestinal Drug Absorption, Medicinal Research Reviews, vol.15, issue.2, p.83109, 1995.

S. Hollebeeck, J. Winand, M. Hérent, A. During, J. Leclercq et al., Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) Husk Ellagitannins in Caco-2 Cells, an in Vitro Model of Human Intestine, Food & Function, vol.3, issue.8, p.87585, 2012.

C. E. Holy, M. S. Shoichet, and J. E. Davies, « Engineering three-dimensional bone tissue in vitro using biodegradable scaffolds: investigating initial cell-seeding density and culture period, Journal of biomedical materials research, vol.51, issue.3, pp.376-382, 2000.

S. Howell, A. Kenny, A. Et, and . Turner, « A Survey of Membrane Peptidases in 2 Human Colonic Cell-Lines, Caco-2 and Ht-29 », Biochemical Journal, vol.284, p.595601, 1992.

C. Huang, Q. Ramadan, J. B. Wacker, H. C. Tekin, C. Ruffert et al., « Microfluidic Chip for Monitoring Ca2+ Transport through a Confluent Layer of Intestinal Cells, RSC Advances, vol.4, issue.95, p.5288791, 2014.

H. Huang, J. Liu, Y. Yu, L. Mo, R. Ge et al., « Regulation of TWIK-related potassium channel-1 (Trek1) restitutes intestinal epithelial barrier function, Cellular and Molecular Immunology, vol.13, issue.1, p.11018, 2016.

. Huang, C. Shang-ming, . Wu, G. Et, and . Yen, « Effects of Flavonoids on the Expression of the Pro-Inflammatory Response in Human Monocytes Induced by Ligation of the Receptor for AGEs, Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, vol.50, issue.12, p.112939, 2006.

. Huang, J. M. Shurong, R. G. Rutkowsky, . Snodgrass, D. Kikumi et al., Saturated Fatty Acids Activate TLR-Mediated Proinflammatory Signaling Pathways, vol.53, p.200213, 2012.

Z. Huang, Z. Wang, S. Long, H. Jiang, J. Chen et al., « A 3-D Artificial Colon Tissue Mimic for the Evaluation of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System, Molecular Pharmaceutics, vol.11, issue.7, p.205161, 2014.

C. Huet, C. Sahuquillo-merino, E. Coudrier, and D. Louvard, « Absorptive and MucusSecreting Subclones Isolated from a Multipotent Intestinal Cell Line (HT-29) Provide New Models for Cell Polarity and Terminal Differentiation, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.105, issue.1, p.34557, 1987.

Y. Imura, Y. Asano, K. Sato, E. Et, and . Yoshimura, « A Microfluidic System to Evaluate Intestinal Absorption, Analytical Sciences, vol.25, issue.12, p.14037, 2009.

T. Jaeggi, A. M. Guus, D. Kortman, C. Moretti, P. Chassard et al., « Iron Fortification Adversely Affects the Gut Microbiome, Increases Pathogen Abundance and Induces Intestinal Inflammation in Kenyan Infants, Gut, vol.64, issue.5, p.73142, 2015.

A. B. Jaffe, N. Kaji, J. Durgan, A. Et, and . Hall, « Cdc42 Controls Spindle Orientation to Position the Apical Surface during Epithelial Morphogenesis, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.183, issue.4, p.62533, 2008.

H. Jiang, « ?-carrageenan induces the disruption of intestinal epithelial Caco-2 monolayers by promoting the interaction between intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells, Molecular Medicine Reports, vol.8, issue.6, p.163542, 2013.

M. E. Johansson, J. Mia-phillipson, A. Petersson, L. Velcich, . Holm et al., « The Inner of the Two Muc2 Mucin-Dependent Mucus Layers in Colon Is Devoid of Bacteria, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.105, issue.39, p.1506469, 2008.

P. A. Juliet, T. Hayashi, S. Daigo, H. Matsui-hirai, A. Miyazaki et al., « Combined effect of testosterone and apocynin on nitric oxide and superoxide production in PMAdifferentiated THP-1 cells, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) -Molecular Cell Research, vol.1693, issue.3, p.18591, 2004.

. Juuti-uusitalo, L. J. Kati, K. A. Klunder, K. Sjollema, R. Mackovicova et al., Differential Effects of TNF (TNFSF2) and IFN-? on Intestinal Epithelial Cell Morphogenesis and Barrier Function in Three-Dimensional Culture, vol.6, p.22967, 2011.

K. M. Juuti-uusitalo, M. Katri-kaukinen, J. Mäki, . Tuimala, and . Et-heikki-kainulainen, « Gene expression in TGFbeta-induced epithelial cell differentiation in a threedimensional intestinal epithelial cell differentiation model, BMC Genomics, vol.7, p.279, 2006.

N. Kamada and G. Núñez, « Regulation of the Immune System by the Resident Intestinal Bacteria ». Gastroenterology, The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease, vol.146, p.147788, 2014.

N. Kamada, S. Seo, and G. Y. Chen, et Gabriel Núñez. 2013. « Role of the Gut Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammatory Disease, vol.13, p.32135

K. -. Kang, C. Hwa, Y. Kong, M. Seo, S. Kim et al., « Anti-inflammatory effect of coumarins isolated from Corydalis heterocarpa in HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells, Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol.47, issue.8, p.212934, 2009.

H. Kanzato, M. Manabe, M. Et, and . Shimizu, « An in Vitro Approach to the Evaluation of the Cross Talk between Intestinal Epithelium and Macrophages, 2014.

, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, vol.65, issue.2, p.44951

J. Y. Kasper, M. I. Hermanns, C. Cavelius, A. Kraegeloh, T. Jung et al., « The role of the intestinal microvasculature in inflammatory bowel disease: studies with a modified Caco-2 model including endothelial cells resembling the intestinal barrier in vitro, International Journal of Nanomedicine, vol.11, p.635364, 2016.

. Kaulmann, C. M. Anouk, Y. André, L. Schneider, . Hoffmann et al., « Carotenoid and polyphenol bioaccessibility and cellular uptake from plum and cabbage varieties, Food Chemistry, vol.197, p.32532, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.049

A. Kaulmann, S. Legay, Y. Schneider, L. Hoffmann, and . Et-torsten-bohn, « Inflammation Related Responses of Intestinal Cells to Plum and Cabbage Digesta with Differential Carotenoid and Polyphenol Profiles Following Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion, Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, vol.60, issue.5, p.9921005, 2016.

A. Kaulmann, T. Serchi, J. Renaut, L. Hoffmann, and . Et-torsten-bohn, « Carotenoid exposure of Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells did not affect selected inflammatory markers but altered their proteomic response, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.108, issue.06, pp.963-973, 2012.

S. Kernéis, E. Caliot, H. Stubbe, A. Bogdanova, and J. Kraehenbuhl, et Eric Pringault. 2000. « Molecular studies of the intestinal mucosal barrier REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 97

, physiopathology using cocultures of epithelial and immune cells: a technical update, Microbes and Infection, vol.2, issue.9, p.111924

B. Khor, A. Gardet, J. Et-ramnik, and . Xavier, Genetics and Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, vol.474, p.30717, 2011.

A. Khosravi, K. Sarkis, and . Mazmanian, « Disruption of the gut microbiome as a risk factor for microbial infections, Current Opinion in Microbiology, vol.16, issue.2, p.22127, 2013.

H. Kim, D. Jung, G. Huh, D. E. Hamilton, and . Ingber, « Human Guton-a-Chip Inhabited by Microbial Flora That Experiences Intestinal Peristalsis-like Motions and Flow, vol.12, p.216574, 2012.

H. Kim, D. E. Jung, and . Ingber, « Gut-on-a-Chip Microenvironment Induces Human Intestinal Cells to Undergo Villus Differentiation, vol.5, p.113040, 2013.

K. Kim, Y. Kim, J. Y. Lim, S. J. Min, H. Ko et al., « Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Sasa Quelpaertensis Leaf Extract by Suppressing Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Inflammatory Mediators in Intestinal Epithelial Caco-2 Cells Co-Cultured with RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells, Nutrition Research and Practice, vol.9, issue.1, p.3, 2015.

S. Kim, M. Hyun, B. Chi, S. H. Yi, S. Kim et al., « Three-Dimensional Intestinal Villi Epithelium Enhances Protection of Human Intestinal Cells from Bacterial Infection by Inducing Mucin Expression, Integrative Biology, vol.6, issue.12, p.112231, 2014.

H. Kimura, T. Yamamoto, H. Sakai, Y. Sakai, T. Et et al., « An Integrated Microfluidic System for Long-Term Perfusion Culture and on-Line Monitoring of Intestinal Tissue Models, Lab on a Chip, vol.8, issue.5, p.74146, 2008.

S. Kivit, . De, N. Els-van-hoffen, J. Korthagen, . Garssen et al., « Apical TLR ligation of intestinal epithelial cells drives a Th1-polarized regulatory or inflammatory type effector response in vitro, Immunobiology, vol.216, issue.4, p.51827, 2011.

C. R. Kleiveland, The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health, édité par Kitty Verhoeckx, 2015.

G. Kolios, V. Valatas, S. G. Et, and . Ward, « Nitric Oxide in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Universal Messenger in an Unsolved Puzzle, Immunology, vol.113, issue.4, p.42737, 2004.

A. Kosi?ska, W. Et, and . Andlauer, « Cocoa polyphenols are absorbed in Caco-2 cell model of intestinal epithelium », Food Research International, vol.135, issue.3, p.95160, 2012.

A. D. Kostic, J. Ramnik, D. Xavier, and . Gevers, The Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Status and the Future Ahead, vol.146, p.148999, 2014.

. Kuan, J. C. Shih-fan, C. B. Byrd, Y. S. Basbaum, and . Kim, « Characterization of Quantitative Mucin Variants from a Human Colon Cancer Cell Line, Cancer Research, vol.47, issue.21, p.571524, 1987.

. Langerholc, P. A. Tomaz, J. Maragkoudakis, L. Wollgast, . Gradisnik et al., « Novel and established intestinal cell line models -An indispensable tool in food science and nutrition, Food Science & Technology, vol.22, p.1120, 2011.

S. A. Langhans, « Three-Dimensional in Vitro Cell Culture Models in Drug Discovery and Drug Repositioning, Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol.9, 2018.

J. Laparra, R. P. Moisés, D. D. Glahn, and . Miller, « Different Responses of Fe Transporters in Caco-2/HT29-MTX Cocultures than in Independent Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Cell Biology International, vol.33, issue.9, p.97177, 2009.

T. Lea, « Caco-2 Cell Line, The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health, édité par Kitty Verhoeckx, 2015.

S. Lee and . Hee, Intestinal Permeability Regulation by Tight Junction: Implication on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, vol.13, p.11, 2015.

D. E. Lefebvre, K. Venema, L. Gombau, L. G. Valerio, J. Raju et al., « Utility of models of the gastrointestinal tract for assessment of the digestion and absorption of engineered nanomaterials released from food matrices, Nanotoxicology, vol.9, issue.4, p.52342, 2015.

A. Leibovitz, J. C. Stinson, W. B. Mccombs, C. E. Mccoy, K. C. Mazur et al., Classification of Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines, vol.36, p.456269, 1976.

F. Leonard, H. Ali, E. Collnot, B. J. Crielaard, T. Lammers et al., « Screening of Budesonide Nanoformulations for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in an Inflamed 3D Cell-Culture Model, AltexAlternatives to Animal Experimentation, vol.29, issue.3, p.27585, 2012.

F. Leonard, E. Collnot, and C. Lehr, « A Three-Dimensional Coculture of Enterocytes, Monocytes and Dendritic Cells To Model Inflamed Intestinal Mucosa in Vitro, Molecular Pharmaceutics, vol.7, issue.6, p.210319, 2010.

T. Lesuffleur, N. Porchet, J. P. Aubert, D. Swallow, J. R. Gum et al., « Differential Expression of the Human Mucin Genes MUC1 to MUC5 in Relation to Growth and Differentiation of Different Mucus-Secreting HT-29 Cell Subpopulations, Journal of Cell Science, vol.106, issue.3, p.77183, 1993.

T. Lesuffleur, A. Barbat, E. Dussaulx, A. Et, and . Zweibaum, « Growth Adaptation to Methotrexate of HT-29 Human Colon Carcinoma Cells Is Associated with Their Ability to Differentiate into Columnar Absorptive and Mucus-Secreting Cells, Cancer Research, vol.50, p.633443, 1990.

N. Li, D. Wang, Z. Sui, X. Qi, L. Ji et al., « Development of an Improved Three-Dimensional In Vitro Intestinal Mucosa Model for Drug Absorption Evaluation, Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods, vol.19, issue.9, p.70819, 2013.

G. Liang, . Hua, C. R. Et, and . Weber, « Molecular aspects of tight junction barrier function ». Current Opinion in Pharmacology, Gastrointestinal ? Endocrine and metabolic diseases, vol.19, p.8489, 2014.

S. D. Lin and A. O. Chen, « Major Carotenoids in Juices of Ponkan Mandarin and Liucheng Orange », Journal of Food Biochemistry, vol.18, issue.4, p.27383, 1994.

T. Liu, T. S. Et, and . Stappenbeck, Genetics and Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, vol.11, p.12748, 2016.

. Loftus and V. Edward, « Clinical epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: incidence, prevalence, and environmental influences, Gastroenterology, vol.126, issue.6, p.150417, 2004.

Y. Lorenzo, A. Azqueta, L. Luna, F. Bonilla, G. Domínguez et al., « The Carotenoid ?-Cryptoxanthin Stimulates the Repair of DNA Oxidation Damage in Addition to Acting as an Antioxidant in Human Cells, Carcinogenesis, vol.30, issue.2, p.30814, 2009.

J. O. Lundberg, E. Et, and . Weitzberg, Biology of Nitrogen Oxides in the Gastrointestinal Tract, vol.62, p.61629, 2013.

S. Maccaferri, A. Klinder, P. Brigidi, P. Cavina, A. Et et al., « Potential Probiotic Kluyveromyces Marxianus B0399 Modulates the Immune Response in Caco-2 Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Impacts the Human Gut Microbiota in an In Vitro Colonic Model System, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.78, issue.4, p.95664, 2012.

J. L. Madara and K. Dharmsathaphorn, « Occluding Junction Structure-Function Relationships in a, Cultured Epithelial Monolayer. » The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.101, issue.6, p.212433, 1985.

G. J. Mahler, B. Mandy, R. P. Esch, M. L. Glahn, and . Shuler, « Characterization of a gastrointestinal tract microscale cell culture analog used to predict drug toxicity (PDF Download Available), Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.104, issue.1, p.193205, 2009.

G. J. Mahler, L. Michael, R. P. Shuler, and . Glahn, « Characterization of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cocultures in an in vitro digestion/cell culture model used to predict iron bioavailability, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol.20, issue.7, p.494502, 2009.

N. Makon-sébastien, F. Bastien, S. Francis, . Eric, P. Villard et al., Lycopene Modulates THP1 and Caco2 Cells Inflammatory State through Transcriptional and Nontranscriptional Processes, Lycopene Modulates THP1 and Caco2 Cells Inflammatory State through Transcriptional and Nontranscriptional Processes ». Mediators of Inflammation, p.507272, 2014.

R. Malefyt, J. De-waal, B. Abrams, C. G. Bennett, J. E. Figdor et al., IL-10) Inhibits Cytokine Synthesis by Human Monocytes: An Autoregulatory Role of IL-10 Produced by Monocytes, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.10, issue.5, p.120920, 1991.

D. P. Mallon, L. Et-david, and . Suskind, « Nutrition in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease », Nutrition in Clinical Practice, vol.25, issue.4, p.33539, 2010.

C. Manichanh and N. Borruel, Francesc Casellas, et Francisco Guarner. 2012. « The Gut Microbiota in IBD, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol.9, issue.10, p.599608

I. M. Martins, A. Gabriela, J. A. Macedo, B. S. Macedo, Q. Roberto et al., « Tannase enhances the antiinflammatory effect of grape pomace in Caco-2 cells treated with IL-1? », Journal of Functional Foods, vol.29, p.6976, 2017.

K. M. Maslowski, A. T. Vieira, A. Ng, J. Kranich, F. Sierro et al., « Regulation of Inflammatory Responses by Gut Microbiota and Chemoattractant Receptor GPR43 », Nature, vol.461, issue.7268, p.128286, 2009.

S. Massironi, R. E. Rossi, F. A. Cavalcoli, S. D. Valle, M. Fraquelli et al., Nutritional deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease: Therapeutic approaches, vol.32, p.90410, 2013.

A. Matias, S. L. Nunes, J. Poejo, E. Mecha, A. T. Serra et al., Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Flavonoid-Rich Concentrate Recovered from Opuntia Ficus-Indica Juice, vol.5, p.326980, 2014.

M. Matsusaki, D. Hikimoto, A. Nishiguchi, K. Kadowaki, K. Ohura et al., « 3D-fibroblast tissues constructed by a cell-coat technology enhance tight-junction formation of human colon epithelial cells, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.457, issue.3, p.36369, 2015.

K. W. Mccracken, C. Jonathan, J. M. Howell, J. R. Wells, and . Spence, Generating Human Intestinal Tissue from Pluripotent Stem Cells in Vitro », Nature Protocols, vol.6, issue.12, p.192028, 2011.

M. A. Mcguckin, R. Eri, L. A. Simms, T. H. Florin, and G. Radfordsmith, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, vol.15, p.100113, 2009.

C. Meaney and C. M. O'driscoll, « A comparison of the permeation enhancement potential of simple bile salt and mixed bile salt:fatty acid micellar systems using the CaCo-2 cell culture model, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, vol.207, issue.1, p.2130, 2000.

S. Middendorp, K. Schneeberger, C. L. Wiegerinck, M. Mokry, D. L. Ronald et al.,

, Adult Stem Cells in the Small Intestine Are Intrinsically Programmed with Their Location-Specific Function, STEM CELLS, vol.32, issue.5, p.108391

D. D. Mija?, L. J. Goran, J. Jankovi?, . Jorga, N. Et-miodrag et al., « Nutritional status in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease: Prevalence of malnutrition and methods for routine nutritional assessment, European Journal of Internal Medicine, vol.21, issue.4, p.31519, 2010.

N. A. Molodecky, D. M. Ing-shian-soon, W. A. Rabi, M. Ghali, G. Ferris et al., Increasing Incidence and Prevalence of the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases With Time, vol.142, pp.46-54, 2012.

A. Mori, H. Satsu, M. Et, and . Shimizu, « New Model for Studying the Migration of Immune Cells into Intestinal Epithelial Cell Monolayers, Cytotechnology, vol.43, issue.13, p.5764, 2003.

S. M. Moyes, F. John, K. E. Morris, and . Carr, « Macrophages Increase Microparticle Uptake by Enterocyte-like Caco-2 Cell Monolayers, Journal of Anatomy, vol.217, issue.6, p.74054, 2010.

H. Murakami, H. Et, and . Masui, « Hormonal Control of Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Growth in Serum-Free Medium, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.77, issue.6, p.346468, 1980.

T. Narisawa, Y. Fukaura, S. Oshima, T. Inakuma, M. Yano et al., « Chemoprevention by the Oxygenated Carotenoid ?-Cryptoxanthin of N-Methylnitrosourea-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in F344 Rats, Japanese Journal of Cancer Research, vol.90, issue.10, p.106165, 1999.

. Navabi, M. A. Nazanin, S. K. Mcguckin, and . Lindén, « Gastrointestinal Cell Lines Form Polarized Epithelia with an Adherent Mucus Layer when Cultured in Semi-Wet Interfaces with Mechanical Stimulation, PLOS ONE, vol.8, issue.7, p.68761, 2013.

P. Navarro, A. J. Pérez-lópez, M. T. Mercader, A. A. Carbonell-barrachina, and J. A. Gabaldon, « Antioxidant Activity, Color, Carotenoids Composition, Minerals, Vitamin C and Sensory Quality of Organic and Conventional Mandarin Juice, Cv. Orogrande ». Food Science and Technology International, vol.17, issue.3, p.24148, 2011.

M. M. Nerurkar, S. Philip, R. T. Burton, and . Borchardt, « The Use of Surfactants to Enhance the Permeability of Peptides Through Caco-2 Cells by Inhibition of an Apically Polarized Efflux System, Pharmaceutical Research, vol.13, issue.4, p.52834, 1996.

M. F. Neurath, Cytokines in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, vol.14, p.32942, 2014.

. Ng, C. Siew, N. Charles, M. H. Bernstein, P. L. Vatn et al., Jean-Frédéric Colombel, et on behalf of the Epidemiology and Natural History Task Force of the International Organization of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ioibd). 2013. « Geographical Variability and Environmental Risk Factors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gut, vol.62, issue.4, p.63049

J. M. Nichols, I. Maiellaro, and J. Abi-jaoude, Silvana Curci, et Aldebaran M. Hofer. 2015. « "Store-operated" cAMP signaling contributes to Ca2+-activated Cl? REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES

G. Nollevaux, C. Devillé, B. E. Moualij, W. Zorzi, and P. Deloyer, « Development of a serum-free co-culture of human intestinal epithelium cell-lines (Caco-2/HT29-5M21), American Journal of Physiology -Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.309, issue.8, p.20, 2006.

A. Nusrat, C. Eichel-streiber, J. R. Turner, P. Verkade, J. L. Madara et al., « Clostridium Difficile Toxins Disrupt Epithelial Barrier Function by Altering Membrane Microdomain Localization of Tight Junction Proteins, Infection and Immunity, vol.69, issue.3, p.132936, 2001.

J. R. O'hara, A. G. Et, and . Buret, « Mechanisms of intestinal tight junctional disruption during infection, Frontiers in Bioscience, vol.13, p.700821, 2008.

T. Ohnuma, H. Arkin, and J. F. Holland, « Effects of Cell Density on Drug-Induced Cell Kill Kinetics in Vitro (Inoculum Effect) ». British Journal of Cancer, vol.54, issue.3, p.41521, 1986.

A. Olejnik, K. Kowalska, M. Olkowicz, J. Rychlik, W. Juzwa et al., Rados?aw Dembczy?ski, et Wojciech Bia?as. 2015. « Anti-inflammatory effects of gastrointestinal digested Sambucus nigra L. fruit extract analysed in co-cultured intestinal epithelial cells and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, Journal of Functional Foods, vol.19, p.64960

L. O'sullivan, L. Ryan, N. Et, and . Brien, « Comparison of the Uptake and Secretion of Carotene and Xanthophyll Carotenoids by Caco-2 Intestinal Cells, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.98, issue.1, p.3844, 2007.

J. Otte, D. K. Podolsky, G. Ou, V. Baranov, E. Lundmark et al., « Contribution of Intestinal Epithelial Cells to Innate Immunity of the Human GutStudies on Polarized Monolayers of Colon Carcinoma Cells, American Journal of PhysiologyGastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.286, issue.4, p.15061, 2004.

K. Palatka, Z. Serf?z?, Z. Veréb, Z. Hargitay, B. Lontay et al., « Changes in the expression and distribution of the inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in mucosal biopsy specimens of inflammatory bowel disease, Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.40, issue.6, p.67080, 2005.

F. Pampaloni, E. G. Reynaud, H. K. Ernst, and . Stelzer, The Third Dimension Bridges the Gap between Cell Culture and Live Tissue, vol.8, p.83945, 2007.

F. Pandolfi, R. Cianci, D. Pagliari, R. Landolfi, G. Et et al., Cellular Mediators of Inflammation: Tregs and TH+, Cells in Gastrointestinal Diseases, p.132028, 2009.

A. Parlesak, D. Haller, S. Brinz, A. Baeuerlein, and C. Bode, « Modulation of Cytokine Release by Differentiated CACO-2 Cells in a Compartmentalized Coculture Model with Mononuclear Leucocytes and Nonpathogenic Bacteria, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, vol.60, issue.5, p.47785, 2004.

A. Parlesak, I. Negrier, N. Neveux, C. Bode, L. Et et al., « Arginine Does Not Exacerbate Markers of Inflammation in Cocultures of Human Enterocytes and Leukocytes, The Journal of Nutrition, vol.137, issue.1, p.10611, 2007.

M. Pinto, M. S.-robineleon, M. Appay, N. Kedinger, E. Triadou et al., « Enterocyte-Like Differentiation and Polarization of the Human-Colon Carcinoma Cell-Line Caco-2 in Culture, Biology of the Cell, vol.47, issue.3, p.32330, 1983.

M. D. Ponce-de-león-rodríguez, J. Carmen, C. Guyot, and . Laurent-babot, « Intestinal in Vitro Cell Culture Models and Their Potential to Study the Effect of REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 102, 2018.

, Food Components on Intestinal Inflammation ». Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, p.119

C. Pontier, J. Pachot, R. Botham, B. Lenfant, P. Et et al., « HT29-MTX and Caco-2/TC7 Monolayers as Predictive Models for Human Intestinal Absorption: Role of the Mucus Layer, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.90, issue.10, p.160819, 2001.

L. Poquet, M. N. Clifford, and G. Williamson, « Transport and Metabolism of Ferulic Acid through the Colonic Epithelium, Drug Metabolism and Disposition, vol.36, issue.1, p.19097, 2008.

Q. Ramadan, H. Jafarpoorchekab, C. Huang, P. Silacci, S. Carrara et al., NutriChip: Nutrition Analysis Meets Microfluidics, vol.13, p.196203, 2013.

Q. Ramadan and L. Jing, « Characterization of Tight Junction Disruption and Immune Response Modulation in a Miniaturized Caco-2/U937 Coculture-Based in Vitro Model of the Human Intestinal Barrier », Biomedical Microdevices, vol.18, issue.1, p.11, 2016.

G. Ranaldi, R. Consalvo, Y. Sambuy, M. L. Et, and . Scarino, « Permeability characteristics of parental and clonal human intestinal Caco-2 cell lines differentiated in serum-supplemented and serum-free media, Twelfth International Workshop on In vitro Toxicology, vol.17, p.76167, 2003.

W. C. Raschke, S. Baird, P. Ralph, and E. I. Nakoinz, « Functional macrophage cell lines transformed by abelson leukemia virus, Cell, vol.15, issue.1, pp.90101-90101, 1978.

M. Ravi, V. Paramesh, S. R. Kaviya, E. Anuradha, and F. D. Solomon, 3D Cell Culture Systems: Advantages and Applications, vol.230, p.1626, 2015.

E. Reboul, Absorption of Vitamin A and Carotenoids by the Enterocyte: Focus on Transport Proteins, vol.5, p.356381, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01478606

E. Reboul, L. Abou, C. Mikail, O. Ghiringhelli, M. André et al., « Lutein Transport by Caco-2 TC-7 Cells Occurs Partly by a Facilitated Process Involving the Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI) », Biochemical Journal, vol.387, issue.2, p.45561, 2005.

E. Reboul and P. Borel, « Proteins involved in uptake, intracellular transport and basolateral secretion of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids by mammalian enterocytes, Progress in Lipid Research, vol.50, issue.4, p.388402, 2011.

C. Reiff and D. K. , « Inflammatory bowel disease, gut bacteria and probiotic therapy, International Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol.300, issue.1, p.2533, 2010.

N. Reiling, A. J. Ulmer, M. Duchrow, M. Ernst, H. Flad et al., « Nitric Oxide Synthase: MRNA Expression of Different Isoforms in Human Monocytes/Macrophages, European Journal of Immunology, vol.24, issue.8, p.194144, 1994.

A. D. Rieux, V. Fievez, I. Théate, J. Mast, V. Préat et al., « An improved in vitro model of human intestinal follicle-associated epithelium to study nanoparticle transport by M cells, European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.30, issue.5, p.38091, 2007.

. Rodríguez-ramiro, S. Ildefonso, E. Ramos, A. López-oliva, L. Agis-torres et al., « Cocoa polyphenols prevent inflammation in the colon of azoxymethane-treated rats and in TNF-?-stimulated Caco-2 cells, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.110, issue.02, pp.206-215, 2013.

S. Ryan, A. Baird, G. Vaz, A. J. Urquhart, D. J. Senge et al., Drug Discovery Approaches Utilizing Three-Dimensional Cell Culture, vol.14, p.1928, 2016.

B. Saad, B. Soudah-abouatta, W. Basha, A. Hmade, and A. Kmail, Said Khasib, et Omar Said. 2011. « Hypericum Triquetrifolium-Derived Factors Downregulate the Production Levels of LPS-Induced Nitric Oxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor-? in THP-1 Cells

. Salerno-goncalves, A. Rosângela, . Fasano, M. B. Et, and . Sztein, Engineering of a multi-cellular organotypic model of the human intestinal mucosa, Gastroenterology, vol.141, issue.2, p.1820, 2011.

G. Samak, S. Aggarwal, and R. K. Rao, « ERK Is Involved in EGF-Mediated Protection of Tight Junctions, but Not Adherens Junctions, in Acetaldehyde-Treated Caco-2 Cell Monolayers, American Journal of Physiology -Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.301, issue.1, p.5059, 2011.

Y. Sambuy, I. De-angelis, G. Ranaldi, M. L. Scarino, A. Stammati et al., « The Caco-2 Cell Line as a Model of the Intestinal Barrier: Influence of Cell and CultureRelated Factors on Caco-2 Cell Functional Characteristics, Cell Biology and Toxicology, vol.21, issue.1, p.126, 2005.

. Sato, D. E. Toshiro, M. Stange, . Ferrante, G. J. Robert et al., « Long-Term Expansion of Epithelial Organoids From Human Colon, Adenoma, Adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's Epithelium », Gastroenterology, vol.141, issue.5, p.176272, 2011.

H. Satsu, Y. Ishimoto, T. Nakano, T. Mochizuki, T. Iwanaga et al., « Induction by activated macrophage-like THP-1 cells of apoptotic and necrotic cell death in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 monolayers via tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Experimental Cell Research, vol.312, p.390919, 2006.

. Saxena, S. E. Kapil, K. Blutt, X. Ettayebi, J. R. Zeng et al., Human Intestinal Enteroids: A New Model to Study Human Rotavirus Infection, Host Restriction and Pathophysiology, 2015.

. Saxena, L. M. Kapil, X. Simon, S. E. Zeng, S. E. Blutt et al., « A Paradox of Transcriptional and Functional Innate Interferon Responses of Human Intestinal Enteroids to Enteric Virus Infection, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, janvier, 2017.

C. Schimpel, B. Teubl, M. Absenger, C. Meindl, E. Fröhlich et al., « Development of an Advanced Intestinal in Vitro Triple Culture Permeability Model To Study Transport of Nanoparticles, Molecular Pharmaceutics, vol.11, issue.3, p.80818, 2014.

R. A. Schroeder, P. C. Et, and . Kuo, Nitric Oxide: Physiology and Pharmacology, vol.81, p.1052, 1995.

S. N. Selby-pham, A. Simone, K. S. Osborne, F. R. Howell, L. E. Dunshea et al., « Transport rates of dietary phytochemicals in cell monolayers is inversely correlated with absorption kinetics in humans, Journal of Functional Foods, vol.39, p.20614, 2017.

T. Sergent, N. Piront, J. Meurice, O. Toussaint, Y. Et et al., « Anti-inflammatory effects of dietary phenolic compounds in an in vitro model of inflamed human intestinal epithelium, Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol.188, issue.3, p.65967, 2010.

F. Shanahan, M. M. Et-eamonn, and . Quigley, « Manipulation of the Microbiota for Treatment of IBS and IBD-Challenges and Controversies ». Gastroenterology, The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease, vol.146, p.155463, 2014.

D. Sheehan, C. Moran, F. Et, and . Shanahan, The Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, vol.50, p.495507, 2015.

K. Shim, D. Lee, J. Han, N. Nguyen, and S. Park, et Jong Hwan Sung. 2017. « Microfluidic Gut-on-a-Chip with Three-Dimensional Villi Structure », vol.19, p.37

M. Shimizu, Multifunctions of dietary polyphenols in the regulation of intestinal inflammation, vol.74, p.9399, 2010.

I. Simonovic, J. Rosenberg, A. Koutsouris, G. Et, and . Hecht, Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli Dephosphorylates and Dissociates Occludin from Intestinal Epithelial Tight Junctions, vol.2, p.30515, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2000.00055.x
URL : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1462-5822.2000.00055.x

M. G. Smirnova, P. John, E. Birchall, P. Jeffrey, and . Pearson, TNF-ALPHA IN THE REGULATION OF MUC5AC SECRETION: SOME ASPECTS OF CYTOKINE-INDUCED MUCIN HYPERSECRETION ON THE IN VITRO MODEL, vol.12, p.173236, 2000.

P. M. Smith, R. Michael, N. Howitt, M. Panikov, C. A. Michaud et al., The Microbial Metabolites, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Regulate Colonic Treg Cell Homeostasis, vol.341, p.56973, 2013.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1241165
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3807819?pdf=render

M. Somchit, C. Changtam, R. Kimseng, and T. Utaipan, « Demethoxycurcumin from Curcuma longa rhizome suppresses iNOS induction in an in vitro inflamed human intestinal mucosa model, Monthon Lertcanawanichakul, vol.15, issue.4, pp.1807-1810, 2014.

J. R. Spence, N. Christopher, S. A. Mayhew, M. F. Rankin, J. E. Kuhar et al., « Directed Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Intestinal Tissue in Vitro, Nature, vol.470, issue.7332, p.1059, 2011.

K. R. Spring, « Routes and Mechanism of Fluid Transport by Epithelia, Annual Review of Physiology, vol.60, issue.1, p.10519, 1998.

. Strober, I. J. Warren, R. S. Fuss, and . Blumberg, The Immunology of Mucosal Models of Inflammation, vol.20, p.495549, 2002.

J. Susewind, C. De-souza-carvalho-wodarz, U. Repnik, E. Collnot, N. Schneider-daum et al., « A 3D co-culture of three human cell lines to model the inflamed intestinal mucosa for safety testing of nanomaterials, Nanotoxicology, vol.10, issue.1, p.5362, 2016.

M. Suzuki, T. Hisamatsu, D. K. Et, and . Podolsky, « Gamma Interferon Augments the Intracellular Pathway for Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Recognition in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells through Coordinated Up-Regulation of LPS Uptake and Expression of the Intracellular Toll-Like Receptor 4-MD-2 Complex, Infection and Immunity, vol.71, issue.6, p.350311, 2003.

T. Suzuki, « Regulation of Intestinal Epithelial Permeability by Tight Junctions, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, vol.70, issue.4, p.63159, 2012.

T. Suzuki, S. Tanabe, H. Et, and . Hara, « Kaempferol Enhances Intestinal Barrier Function through the Cytoskeletal Association and Expression of Tight Junction Proteins in Caco-2 Cells, The Journal of Nutrition, vol.141, issue.1, p.8794, 2011.

T. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, T. Et, and . Kuno, « Cancer Chemoprevention by Citrus Pulp and Juices Containing High Amounts of ?-Cryptoxanthin and Hesperidin », Journal of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, p.516981, 2012.

J. Tang, P. Bouyer, A. Mykoniatis, M. Buschmann, K. S. Matlin et al., « Activated PKC? and PKC? Inhibit Epithelial Chloride Secretion Response to cAMP via Inducing Internalization of the Na+-K+-2Cl? Cotransporter NKCC1, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.285, issue.44, p.3407285, 2010.

T. Tanoue, Y. Nishitani, K. Kanazawa, T. Hashimoto, M. Et et al., « In vitro model to estimate gut inflammation using co-cultured Caco-2 and RAW264.7 cells, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.374, issue.3, p.56569, 2008.

Z. Tolkien, L. Stecher, A. P. Mander, D. I. Pereira, and J. J. Powell, « Ferrous Sulfate Supplementation Causes Significant Gastrointestinal Side-Effects in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis », PLoS ONE, vol.10, issue.2, p.117383, 2015.

B. H. Tom, P. Lynne, M. M. Rutzky, R. Jakstys, C. I. Oyasu et al., « Human Colonic Adenocarcinoma Cells ». In Vitro, vol.12, issue.3, p.18091, 1976.

S. Tsuchiya, M. Yamabe, Y. Yamaguchi, Y. Kobayashi, T. Konno et al., « Establishment and Characterization of a Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line (THP-1), International Journal of Cancer, vol.26, issue.2, p.17176, 1980.

L. Turco, T. Catone, F. Caloni, E. D. Consiglio, E. Testai et al., « Caco-2/TC7 cell line characterization for intestinal absorption: How reliable is this in vitro model for the prediction of the oral dose fraction absorbed in human?, Toxicology in Vitro, vol.25, issue.1, p.1320, 2011.

J. R. Turner, « Molecular Basis of Epithelial Barrier Regulation: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Application, The American Journal of Pathology, vol.169, issue.6, p.799809, 2006.

W. Turpin, C. Humblot, M. Noordine, M. Thomas, and J. Guyot, Lactobacillaceae and Cell Adhesion: Genomic and Functional Screening », PLoS ONE, vol.7, issue.5, p.38034, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0038034
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01190777

P. C. Tyrer, E. G. Bean, A. R. Foxwell, and P. Pavli, Effects of bacterial products on enterocyte-macrophage interactions in vitro, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.413, issue.2, p.33641, 2011.

P. Tyrer, J. Ruth-foxwell, M. Kyd, P. Harvey, . Sizer et al., « Validation and quantitation of an in vitro M-cell model, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.299, issue.3, p.37783, 2002.

Z. Ustunol, C. Et, and . Wong, « Effect of nonfat dry milk and major whey components on interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 production in human intestinal epithelial-like Caco-2 cells », Journal of Dairy Science, vol.93, issue.6, p.231114, 2010.

M. Utech, A. I. Ivanov, N. Stanislav, M. Samarin, J. R. Bruewer et al., et Asma Nusrat. 2005. « Mechanism of IFN-?-Induced Endocytosis of Tight Junction Proteins: Myosin II-Dependent Vacuolarization of the Apical Plasma Membrane, vol.16, p.504052

P. Vachon, J. Et, and . Beaulieu, « Transient Mosaic Patterns of Morphological and FunctionalDifferentiation in the Caco-2 Cell-Line, Gastroenterology, vol.103, issue.2, p.90829, 1992.

K. Vagianos, S. Bector, J. Mcconnell, C. N. Et, and . Bernstein, « Nutrition Assessment of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, vol.31, issue.4, p.31119, 2007.

A. S. Vamadevan, M. Fukata, E. T. Arnold, L. S. Thomas, D. Hsu et al., « Regulation of Toll-like Receptor 4-Associated MD-2 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells: A Comprehensive Analysis, Innate Immunity, vol.16, issue.2, p.93103, 2010.

J. Van-de-walle, A. Hendrickx, B. Romier, Y. Larondelle, Y. Et et al., « Inflammatory parameters in Caco-2 cells: Effect of stimuli nature, concentration, combination and cell differentiation », Toxicology in Vitro, vol.24, issue.5, p.144149, 2010.

C. M. Van-itallie, J. M. Et, and . Anderson, Claudins and Epithelial Paracellular Transport, vol.68, p.40329, 2006.

. Van-seuningen, P. Isabelle, M. Pigny, N. Perrais, J. Porchet et al., « Transcriptional regulation of the 11p15 mucin genes. Towards new biological tools in human therapy, in inflammatory diseases and cancer, Front Biosci, vol.6, pp.1216-1234, 2001.

K. L. Vandussen, M. Jeffrey, N. Marinshaw, H. Shaikh, C. Miyoshi et al., « Development of an Enhanced Human Gastrointestinal Epithelial Culture System to Facilitate Patient-Based Assays, Gut, juillet, 2014.

G. Vergères, B. Bogicevic, C. Buri, S. Carrara, M. Chollet et al., « The NutriChip project -translating technology into nutritional knowledge, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.108, issue.5, p.76268, 2012.

V. Viallard, C. Denis, V. Trocheris, and J. C. Murat, « Effect of glutamine deprivation and glutamate or ammonium chloride addition on growth rate, metabolism and differentiation of human colon cancer cell-line HT29 », International Journal of Biochemistry, vol.18, issue.3, pp.90116-90119, 1986.

E. L. Vieira, A. J. Leonel, A. P. Sad, R. M. Nathália, T. F. Beltrão et al., « Oral administration of sodium butyrate attenuates inflammation and mucosal lesion in experimental acute ulcerative colitis, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol.23, issue.5, p.43036, 2012.

M. Viladomiu, R. Hontecillas, L. Yuan, P. Lu, J. Et et al., « Nutritional protective mechanisms against gut inflammation, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol.24, issue.6, p.92939, 2013.

S. M. Vindigni, L. Timothy, D. L. Zisman, C. J. Suskind, and . Damman, « The Intestinal Microbiome, Barrier Function, and Immune System in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Tripartite Pathophysiological Circuit with Implications for New Therapeutic Directions, Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, vol.9, issue.4, p.60625, 2016.

D. G. Wallace, J. Et, and . Rosenblatt, « Collagen gel systems for sustained delivery and tissue engineering ». Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Collagen in drug delivery and tissue engineering, vol.55, p.163149, 2003.

W. A. Walters, Z. Xu, R. Et, and . Knight, « Meta-Analyses of Human Gut Microbes Associated with Obesity and IBD, FEBS Letters, vol.588, issue.22, p.422333, 2014.

F. Wang, W. Graham, Y. Wang, E. D. Witkowski, B. T. Schwarz et al., « Interferon-? and Tumor Necrosis Factor-? Synergize to Induce Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by Up-Regulating Myosin Light Chain Kinase Expression, The American Journal of Pathology, vol.166, issue.2, p.62264, 2005.

. Wang and . Fu-cai, « Overexpression of HMGB1 A-Box Reduced Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Inflammation via HMGB1/TLR4 Signaling in Vitro, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.21, issue.25, p.7764, 2015.

Q. Wang, M. Xia, C. Liu, H. Guo, Q. Ye et al., « Cyanidin-3-O-?-glucoside inhibits iNOS and COX-2 expression by inducing liver X receptor alpha activation in THP-1 macrophages, Life Sciences, vol.83, issue.5, p.17684, 2008.

C. J. Watson, C. J. Hoare, D. R. Garrod, G. L. Carlson, and G. Warhurst, « Interferon-? Selectively Increases Epithelial Permeability to Large Molecules by Activating Different Populations of Paracellular Pores », Journal of Cell Science, vol.118, issue.22, p.522130, 2005.

F. M. Watt, Effect of Seeding Density on Stability of the Differentiated Phenotype of Pig Articular Chondrocytes in Culture, vol.89, p.37378, 1988.

L. W?glarz, J. Wawszczyk, A. Orchel, M. Jaworska-kik, Z. Et et al., « Phytic Acid Modulates In Vitro IL-8 and IL-6 Release from Colonic Epithelial Cells Stimulated with LPS and IL-1? », Digestive Diseases and Sciences, vol.52, issue.1, p.93102, 2006.

J. Wehkamp, M. Schmid, K. Fellermann, E. F. Et, and . Stange, « Defensin Deficiency, Intestinal Microbes, and the Clinical Phenotypes of Crohn's Disease », Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.77, issue.4, p.46065, 2005.

K. M. Williams, K. Gokulan, C. E. Cerniglia, and . Et-sangeeta-khare, « Size and dose dependent effects of silver nanoparticle exposure on intestinal permeability in an in vitro model of the human gut epithelium, Journal of Nanobiotechnology, vol.14, 2016.

K. A. Wojtal, I. Lutz-wolfram, S. Frey-wagner, M. Lang, S. R. Scharl et al., « The effects of vitamin A on cells of innate immunity in vitro, Toxicology in Vitro, vol.27, issue.5, p.152532, 2013.

C. -. Wu, H. Hao, J. Huang, S. Lin, . Huang et al., « The proglycation effect of caffeic acid leads to the elevation of oxidative stress and inflammation in monocytes, macrophages and vascular endothelial cells, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol.22, issue.6, p.58594, 2011.

G. D. Wu, J. Chen, C. Hoffmann, K. Bittinger, Y. Chen et al., « Linking Long-Term Dietary Patterns with Gut Microbial Enterotypes, Science, vol.334, issue.6052, p.1058, 2011.

Z. Wu, R. Guan, M. Tao, F. Lyu, G. Cao et al., « Assessment of the Toxicity and Inflammatory Effects of Different-Sized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in 2D and 3D Cell Cultures, RSC Advances, vol.7, issue.21, p.1243745, 2017.

C. Xu, C. Yang, Y. Yin, J. Liu, Y. Et et al., « Phosphopeptides (PPPs) from hen egg yolk phosvitin exert anti-inflammatory activity via modulation of cytokine expression, Journal of Functional Foods, vol.4, issue.4, p.71826, 2012.

Y. Yamazaki, R. Tokumasu, H. Kimura, S. Tsukita, K. E. Et et al., Role of claudin species-specific dynamics in reconstitution and remodeling of the zonula occludens, Molecular Biology of the Cell, vol.22, issue.9, p.14951504, 2011.

H. Yasumatsu and . Et-soichi-tanabe, « The casein peptide Asn-Pro-Trp-Asp-Gln enforces the intestinal tight junction partly by increasing occludin expression in Caco-2 cells, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.104, issue.07, pp.951-956, 2010.

. Yi, T. A. Jinsoo, A. Knudsen, L. Nielsen, M. Duelund et al., « Inhibition of cholesterol transport in an intestine cell model by pine-derived phytosterols, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, vol.200, p.6273, 2016.

J. Yu, S. Peng, D. Luo, and C. Et-john, « In Vitro 3D Human Small Intestinal Villous Model for Drug Permeability Determination, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.109, issue.9, p.217378, 2012.

N. C. Zachos, O. Kovbasnjuk, J. Foulke-abel, J. In, S. E. Blutt et al., Human Enteroids/Colonoids and Intestinal Organoids Functionally Recapitulate Normal Intestinal Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2015.

Y. Zen, K. Harada, M. Sasaki, K. Tsuneyama, K. Katayanagi et al., « Lipopolysaccharide Induces Overexpression of MUC2 and MUC5AC in Cultured Biliary Epithelial Cells: Possible Key Phenomenon of Hepatolithiasis, The American Journal of Pathology, vol.161, issue.4, pp.64423-64432, 2002.

. Zhang, Y. I. Hua, J. Hassan, R. Renaud, C. Liu et al., Bioavailability, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Anthocyanins from Purple Root Vegetables Using Mono-and Co-Culture Cell Models, Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, vol.61, issue.10, 2017.

X. Zhang, J. Cao, L. Et, and . Zhong, « Hydroxytyrosol Inhibits Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, INOS, and COX-2 Expression in Human Monocytic Cells, NaunynSchmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol.379, issue.6, p.581, 2009.

J. Zimmer, B. Lange, J. Frick, H. Sauer, K. Zimmermann et al., « A Vegan or Vegetarian Diet Substantially Alters the Human Colonic Faecal Microbiota, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.66, issue.1, p.5360, 2012.

M. B. Zimmermann, C. Chassard, F. Rohner, K. Eliézer, C. N'goran et al., The Effects of Iron Fortification on the Gut Microbiota in African Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial in, vol.92, p.140615, 2010.

G. Zoumpopoulou, E. Tsakalidou, J. Dewulf, B. Pot, C. Et et al., « Differential crosstalk between epithelial cells, dendritic cells and bacteria in a coculture model, 15th Meeting of the Club des Bactéries Lactiques, vol.131, p.4051, 2009.

F. Zucco, A. F. Batto, G. Bises, J. Chambaz, A. Chiusolo et al., « An Inter-Laboratory Study to Evaluate the Effects of Medium Composition on the Differentiation and Barrier Function of Caco-2 Cell Lines, Atla-Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, vol.33, issue.6, p.60318, 2005.

A. Zweibaum, M. Laburthe, E. Grasset, D. Et, and . Louvard, Use of Cultured Cell Lines in Studies of Intestinal Cell Differentiation and Function, Comprehensive Physiology, 2011.

A. Zweibaum, M. Pinto, G. Chevalier, E. Dussaulx, N. Triadou et al., « Enterocytic Differentiation of a Subpopulation of the Human Colon Tumor Cell Line HT-29 Selected for Growth in Sugar-Free Medium and Its Inhibition by Glucose, Journal of Cellular Physiology, vol.122, issue.1, p.2129, 1985.