S. S. Burmeister, R. D. Fernald, and U. Strahle, Evolutionary conservation of the egr-1 immediate-References References Korzh, Trends Neurosci, vol.25, pp.603-605, 2002.

C. Lawrence, The husbandry of zebrafish (Danio rerio): A review, Aquaculture, vol.269, pp.1-20, 2007.

C. Munschy, K. Heas-moisan, C. Tixier, N. Olivie-r, O. Gastineau et al., Dietary expos ure of juvenile common sole (Solea solea L.) to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): Part 1. Bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics of individual conge ners and their debrominated metabolites, Environ. Pollut, vol.159, pp.229-237, 2011.

, References 209) exposure affected parental gonad development and locomotion in F1 offspring, Ecotoxicology, vol.20, pp.1813-1822

M. Herrera, M. F. Castanheira, L. E. Conceicao, and C. I. Martins, Linking risk taking and the behavioral and metabolic responses to confinement stress in gilthead seabream Sparus aurata, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.155, pp.101-108, 2014.

K. Horri, S. Alfonso, X. Cousin, C. Munschy, V. Loizeau et al., Fish life-history traits are affected after chronic dietary exposure to an environmentally realistic marine mixture of PCBs and PBDEs, Sci Total Environ, pp.531-545, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01826754

S. Jensen, A. G. Johnels, M. Olsson, and G. Otterlind, DDT and PCB in marine animals from Swedish waters, Nature, vol.224, pp.247-250, 1969.

K. C. Jones and P. De-voogt, Persistent organic pollutants (POPs): state of the science, Environ Pollut, vol.100, pp.209-221, 1999.

A. V. Kalueff, D. J. Echevarria, S. Homechaudhuri, A. M. Stewart, A. D. Collier et al., Zebrafish neurobehavioral phenomics for aquatic neuropharmacology and toxicology research, Aquat Toxicol, vol.170, pp.297-309, 2016.

N. Kannan, Part K New Types of Persistent Halogenated Compounds, vol.3, pp.127-156, 2000.

M. Kellne-r, T. Porseryd, S. Hallgren, I. Porsch-hallstrom, S. H. Hansen et al., Waterborne citalopram has anxiolytic effects and increases locomotor activity in the three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Aquat Toxicol, vol.173, pp.19-28, 2016.

S. S. Killen, S. Marras, M. R. Ryan, P. Domenici, and D. J. Mckenzie, A relationship between metabolic rate and risk-taking behaviour is revealed during hypoxia in juvenile European sea bass, Functional Ecology, vol.26, pp.134-143, 2012.

J. Kimura-kuroda, I. Nagata, and Y. Kuroda, Disrupting effects of hydroxypolychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners on neuronal development of cerebellar Purkinje cells: a possible causal factor for developmental brain disorders, Chemosphere, vol.67, pp.412-420, 2007.

N. Klüver, M. König, J. Ortmann, R. Massei, A. Paschke et al., Fish Embryo Toxicity Test: Identification of Compounds with Weak Toxicity and Analysis of Behavioral Effects To Improve Prediction of Acute Toxicity for Neurotoxic Compounds, Environmental science & technology, vol.49, pp.7002-7011, 2015.

J. Krause and G. D. Ruxton, Living in groups, 2002.

R. J. Law, C. R. Allchin, J. De-boer, A. Covaci, D. Herzke et al., Levels and trends of brominated flame retardants in the European environment, Chemosphere, vol.64, pp.187-208, 2006.

C. Lawrence, The husbandry of zebrafish (Danio rerio): A review, Aquaculture, vol.269, pp.1-20, 2007.

J. Legler and A. Brouwe-r, Are brominated flame retardants endocrine disruptors?, Environ Int, vol.29, pp.879-885, 2003.

E. D. Levin, Z. Bencan, and D. T. Cerutti, Anxiolytic effects of nicotine in zebrafish, Physiol Behav, vol.90, pp.54-58, 2007.

Q. Luo, Z. W. Cai, and M. H. Wong, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish and sediment from river polluted by electronic waste, Sci Total Environ, vol.383, pp.115-127, 2007.

L. J. Macaulay, J. M. Bailey, E. D. Levin, and H. M. Stapleton, Persisting effects of a PBDE metabolite, 6-OH-BDE-47, on larval and juvenile zebrafish swimming behavior, Neurotoxicology and teratology, vol.52, pp.119-126, 2015.

L. J. Macaulay, J. M. Bailey, E. D. Levin, and H. M. Stapleton, Persisting effects of a PBDE metabolite, 6-OH-BDE-47, on larval and juvenile zebrafish swimming behavior, Neurotoxicology and teratology, vol.52, pp.119-126, 2015.

H. Magaud, B. Migeon, P. Morfin, J. Garric, and E. Vindimian, Modelling fish mortality dur to urban storm run off: interacting effects of hypoxia and un-ionized ammonia, Water research, vol.31, pp.211-218, 1997.

L. Margiotta-casaluci, S. F. Owe-n, R. I. Cumming, A. De-polo, M. J. Winter et al., Quantitative Cross-Species Extrapo lation between Humans and F ish: The Case of the Anti-Depressant Fluoxetine, PloS, vol.9, 2014.

C. I. Martins, E. H. Eding, M. C. Verdegem, L. T. Heinsbroek, O. Schneider et al., New developments in recirculating aquaculture systems in Europe: A perspective on environmental sustainability, Aquacultural Engineering, vol.43, pp.83-93, 2010.

C. I. Martins, L. Galhardo, C. Noble, B. Damsgard, M. T. Spedicato et al., Behavioural indicators of welfare in farmed fish. Fish physiology and biochemistry, vol.38, pp.17-41, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00722106

J. D. Metcalfe and P. J. Butler, Changes in activity and ventilation in response to hypoxia in unrestrained, unoperated dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.), J Exp Biol, vol.108, pp.411-418, 1984.

B. Muusze, J. Marcon, G. Van-den-thillart, and . Almeida-val, Hypoxia tolerance of Amazon fish Respirometry and energy metabolism of the cichlid Astronotus Ocellatus, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A, vol.120, pp.151-156, 1998.

N. Papandroulakis, K. Lika, T. S. Kristiansen, F. Oppedal, P. Divanach et al., Behaviour of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., in cages -impact of early life rearing conditions and management, Aquaculture Research, vol.45, pp.1545-1558, 2014.

C. L. Perdersen, Energy budgets for juvenile rainbow trout at various oxygen concentration, Aquaculture, vol.68, 1987.

J. Person-le-ruyet and G. Boeuf, L'Azote ammoniacal, un toxique potentiel en élevage de poissons : le cas du turbot. Bulletin Francais de la Peche et de la Pisciculture 350-351, pp.393-412, 1998.

J. Person-le-ruyet, H. Chartois, and L. Quemene-r, Comparative acute ammonia toxicity in marine fish and plasma ammonia response, Aquaculture, vol.136, pp.181-194, 1995.

M. Petitjean, Etude de la bioremédiation du CO2 industriel par culture de microalgues marines, 2018.

J. M. Pettersen, M. B. Bracke, P. J. Midtlyng, O. Folkedal, L. H. Stien et al., Salmon welfare index model 2.0: an extended model for overall welfare assessment of caged Atlantic salmon, based on a review of selected welfare indicators and intended for fish health professionals, Reviews in Aquaculture, vol.6, pp.162-179, 2014.

K. Pichavant, . Person-le, J. Ruyet, N. Le-bayon, A. Sévère et al., Comparative effects of long-term hypoxia on growth, feeding and oxygen cosumption in juvenile turbot and European sea bass, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.59, 2001.

K. Pichavant, . Person-le, J. Ruyet, N. Le-bayon, A. Sévère et al., Effects of hypoxia on growth and metabolism of juvenile turbot, Aquaculture, vol.188, pp.103-114, 2000.

L. Prut and C. Belzung, The open field as a paradigm to measure the effects of drugs on anxiety-like behaviors: a review, European journal of pharmacology, vol.463, pp.3-33, 2003.

J. Richardson, E. E. Williams, and W. Hickey, Avoidance behaviour of freshwater fish and shrimp exposed to ammonia and low dissolved oxygen separately and in combination, New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.35, pp.625-633, 2001.

S. Rimoldi, G. Terova, G. Zaccone, T. Parker, M. Kuciel et al., The Effect of Hypo xia and Hype roxia on Growth and Expression of Hypo xia-Related Genes and Proteins in Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus Larvae and Juveniles, Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution, vol.326, pp.250-267, 2016.

J. Rotllant, N. M. Ruane, M. J. Caballe-ro, D. Montero, and L. Tort, Response to confinement in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is characterised by an increased biosynthetic capacity of interrenal tissue with no effect on ACTH sens itivity, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology, vol.136, pp.613-620, 2003.

B. Sadoul, P. Evouana-mengues, N. C. Friggens, P. Prunet, and V. Colson, A new method for measuring group behaviours of fish shoals from recorded videos taken in near aquaculture conditions, Aquaculture, vol.430, pp.179-187, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01173631

B. Sadoul, N. C. Friggens, C. Valotaire, L. Labbe, V. Colson et al., Physiological and behavioral flexibility to an acute CO2 challenge, within and between genotypes in rainbow trout, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology, vol.209, pp.25-33, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01540178

B. Sadoul and M. M. Vijayan, Stress and growth. Fish physiology Biology of stress in fish, pp.167-205, 2016.

A. Samaras, A. Dimitroglou, E. Sarropoulou, L. Papaharisis, L. Kottaras et al., Repeatability of cortisol stress response in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and transcription differences between individuals with divergent responses, Scientific reports, vol.6, p.34858, 2016.

E. Scherer, Behavioural responses as indicators of environmental alterations: approaches, results, developments, J. Appl. Ichthyol, vol.8, pp.122-131, 1992.

S. J. Schnorr, P. J. Steenbergen, M. K. Richardson, and D. L. Champagne, Measuring thigmotaxis in larval zebrafish, Behaviour Brain Research, vol.228, pp.367-374, 2012.

C. B. Schreck, Physiological, behavioral, and performance indicators of stress, Am. Fish. Soc. Symp, vol.8, pp.29-37, 1990.

C. B. Schreck, B. Olla, L. Davis, M. W. Iwama, G. K. Pickering et al., Behavioral responses to stress, Fish stress and Health in Aquaculture, pp.145-170, 1997.

C. B. Schreck and L. Tort, The concept of stress in fish. Fish physiology Biology of stress in fish, pp.1-34, 2016.

E. L. Shimps, J. A. Rice, and J. A. Osborne, Hypoxia tolerance in two juvenile estuarydependent fishes, Journal Experimental of Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.325, pp.146-162, 2005.

A. Shingles, D. J. Mckenzie, E. W. Taylor, A. Moretti, P. J. Butler et al., Effects of sublethal ammonia exposure on swimming performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), J Exp Biol, vol.204, pp.2691-2698, 2001.

P. Simon, R. Dupuis, and J. Costentin, Thigmotaxis as an Index of Anxiety in MiceInfluence of Dopaminergic Transmissions, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.61, pp.59-64, 1994.

J. E. Skjaeraasen, T. Nilsen, J. J. Meager, N. A. Herbert, G. P. Moberg et al., Hypoxic avoidance behaviour in cod (Gadus morhua L.): The effect of temperature and haemoglobin genotype, Journal Experimental of Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.358, pp.70-77, 2008.

S. Alfonso, X. Cousin, L. Joassard, B. Chatain, and M. L. Begout, Chapitre 5. Spatial distribution and activity patterns as welfare indicators in response to water quality changes in Europe an sea bass, Integ. and Comp. Biol, vol.42, pp.517-525, 2002.

C. Best, D. M. Kurrasch, and M. M. Vijayan, Maternal cortisol stimulates neurogenesis and affects larval behaviour in zebrafish, Scientific reports, vol.7, p.40905, 2017.

C. Brown, F. Burgess, and V. A. Braithwaite, Heritable and experiential effects on boldness in a tropical poeciliid, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol.62, pp.237-243, 2007.

C. Buske and R. Gerlai, Early embryonic ethanol exposure impairs shoaling and the dopa minergic and serotoninergic systems in adult zebrafish, Neurotoxicology and teratology, vol.33, pp.698-707, 2011.

V. Careau, D. Thomas, M. Humphries, and D. Réale, Energy metabolism and animal personality, Oikos, vol.117, pp.641-653, 2008.

M. F. Castanheira, L. E. Conceição, S. Millot, S. Rey, M. L. Bégout et al., Coping styles in farmed fish: consequences for aquaculture, stress coping style. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, vol.9, pp.161-171, 2017.

I. B. Johansen, C. Sørensen, G. K. Sandvik, G. E. Nilsson, E. Höglund et al., Neural plasticity is affected by stress and heritable variation in stress coping style, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics, vol.7, pp.161-171, 2012.

S. S. Killen, S. Marras, and D. J. Mckenzie, Fuel, fasting, fear: routine metabolic rate and food deprivation exert synergistic effects on risk-taking in individual juvenile European sea bass, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.80, pp.1024-1033, 2011.

S. S. Killen, S. Marras, M. R. Ryan, P. Domenici, and D. J. Mckenzie, A relationship between metabolic rate and risk-taking be haviour is revealed during hypoxia in juvenile European sea bass, Functional Ecology, vol.26, pp.134-143, 2012.

J. M. Koolhaas, S. M. Korte, S. F. De-boer, . Van-der, B. J. Vegt et al., Coping styles in animals: current status in behavior and stress-physiology, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.23, pp.925-935, 1999.

C. Lefrancois, R. S. Ferrari, J. Moreira-da-silva, and P. Domenici, The effect of progressive hypoxia on spontaneous activity in single and shoaling golden grey mullet Liza aurata, J Fish Biol, vol.75, pp.1615-1625, 2009.

C. Lefrançois, A. Shingles, and P. Domenici, The effect of hypoxia on locomotor performance and behaviour during escape in Liza aurata, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.67, pp.1711-1729, 2005.

E. D. Levin, Z. Bencan, and D. T. Cerutti, Anxiolytic effects of nicotine in zebrafish, Physiol Behav, vol.90, pp.54-58, 2007.

S. Mackenzie, L. Ribas, M. Pilarczyk, D. M. Capdevila, S. Kadri et al., Screening for coping style increases the power of gene expression studies, PloS one, vol.4, p.5314, 2009.

C. I. Martins, P. I. Silva, L. E. Conceicao, B. Costas, E. Hoglund et al., Linking fearfulness and coping styles in fish, PloS one, vol.6, 2011.

J. D. Metcalfe and P. J. Butler, Changes in activity and ventilation in response to hypoxia in unrestrained, unoperated dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.), J Exp Biol, vol.108, pp.411-418, 1984.

S. Millot, M. Bégout, and B. Chatain, Exploration behaviour and flight response toward a stimulus in three sea bass strains, Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.119, pp.108-114, 2009.

O. Øverli, W. J. Korzan, E. T. Larson, S. Winberg, O. Lepage et al., Behavioral and neuroendocrine correlates of displaced aggression in trout, Horm Behav, vol.45, pp.324-329, 2004.

O. Øverli, T. G. Pottinger, T. R. Carrick, E. Øverli, and S. Winberg, Brain monoaminergic activity in rainbow trout selected for high and low stress responsiveness, Brain Behav Evolut, vol.57, pp.214-224, 2001.

O. Øverli, T. G. Pottinger, T. R. Carrick, E. Øverli, and S. Winberg, Differences in behaviour between rainbow trout selected for high-and low-stress responsiveness, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.205, pp.391-395, 2002.

O. Øverli, C. Sorensen, and G. E. Nilsson, Behavioral indicators of stress-coping style in rainbow trout: Do males and females react differently to novelty?, Physiol Behav, vol.87, pp.506-512, 2006.

Ø. Øverli, C. Sørensen, and G. E. Nilsson, Behavioral indicators of stress-coping style in rainbow trout: Do males and females react differently to novelty?, Physiology & Behavior, vol.87, pp.506-512, 2006.

O. Øverli, C. Sorensen, K. G. Pulman, T. G. Pottinger, W. Korzan et al., Evolutionary background for stress-coping styles: relationships between physiological, behavioral, and cognitive traits in non-mammalian vertebrates, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, vol.31, pp.396-412, 2007.

C. L. Perdersen, Energy budgets for juvenile rainbow trout at various oxygen concentration, Aquaculture, vol.68, 1987.

K. Pichavant, . Person-le, J. Ruyet, N. Le-bayon, A. Sévère et al., Comparative effects of long-term hypoxia on growth, feeding and oxygen cosumption in juvenile turbot and European sea bass, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.59, 2001.

K. Pichavant, . Person-le, J. Ruyet, N. Le-bayon, A. Sévère et al., Effects of hypoxia on growth and metabolism of juvenile turbot, Aquaculture, vol.188, pp.103-114, 2000.

D. Réale, S. M. Reader, D. Sol, P. T. Mcdougall, and N. J. Dingemanse, Integrating animal temperament within ecology and evolution, Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, vol.82, pp.291-318, 2007.

S. Rey, S. Boltana, R. Vargas, N. Roher, and S. Mackenzie, Combining animal personalities with transcriptomics resolves individual variation within a wild-type zebrafish population and identifies underpinning molecular differences in brain function, Mol Ecol, vol.22, pp.6100-6115, 2013.

S. Rimoldi, G. Terova, G. Zaccone, T. Parker, M. Kuciel et al., The Effect of Hypo xia and Hype roxia on Growth and Expression of Hypo xia-Related Genes and Proteins in Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus Larvae and Juveniles, Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution, vol.326, pp.250-267, 2016.

B. Sadoul, S. Alfonso, E. Bessa, A. Bouchareb, E. Blondeau-bidet et al., Enhanced brain expression of genes related to cell proliferation and neural differentiation is associated with cortisol receptor expression in fishes, Gen Comp Endocrinol, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02002184

B. Sadoul, I. Leguen, S. Alfonso, B. Chatain, P. Prunet et al.,

S. J. Schnorr, P. J. Steenbergen, M. K. Richardson, and D. L. Champagne, Measuring thigmotaxis in larval zebrafish, Behaviour Brain Research, vol.228, pp.367-374, 2012.

S. Shams, D. Chatterjee, and R. Gerlai, Chronic social isolation affects thigmotaxis and whole-brain serotonin levels in adult zebrafish, Behav Brain Res, vol.292, pp.283-287, 2015.

A. Shingles, D. J. Mckenzie, E. W. Taylor, A. Moretti, P. J. Butler et al., Effects of sublethal ammonia exposure on swimming performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), J Exp Biol, vol.204, pp.2691-2698, 2001.

P. I. Silva, C. I. Martins, S. Engrola, G. Marino, Ø. Øverli et al., I ndividual differences in cortisol levels and behaviour of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles: Evidence for coping styles, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.124, pp.75-81, 2010.

C. Sorensen, L. C. Bohlin, O. Øverli, and G. E. Nilsson, Cortisol reduces cell proliferation in the telencephalon of rainbo w trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Physiol Behav, vol.102, pp.518-523, 2011.

J. P. Sumpte-r, The endocrinology of stress. Fish Stress and Health in Aquaculture, Seminar series, vol.62, pp.95-118, 1997.

J. S. Thomson, P. C. Watts, T. G. Pottinger, and L. U. Sneddon, Plasticity of boldness in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: do hunger and predation influence risk-taking behaviour?, Hormones and Behavior, vol.61, pp.750-757, 2012.

, revanche pour l'hyperoxie, c'est, à notre connaissance, la première fois que cela est démontré même si des variabilités comportementales plus fortes ont déjà été observées

. Baeverfjord, D'autres facteurs permettant de caractériser la qualité de l'eau, comme la teneur en CO 2 par exemple, peuvent être une source de stress si leur concentration dans l'eau devient trop haute (hypercapnie) et altérer l'activité locomotrice des téléostéens. Par exemple, Sadoul et al. (2017) ont démontré chez deux lignées isogéniques de truite arc-en-ciel qu'une induction d'hypercapnie dans le bassin entraînait une augmentation de l'activité locomotrice qui chutait lorsque ces conditions étaient prolongées. A l'instar d'une condition d'hypercapnie, des conditions d'hypoxie ou de fortes concentrations en ammoniac (NH 3 ) da ns l'eau, 2009.

, Pour NH 3 , cela est causé par une réduction de la capacité de transport d'oxygène (Camargo et

;. Alonso and . Shingles, Pour cette raison, nous suppos ons donc que la ainsi de supporter le plus longtemps possible ces mauvaises qualités d'eau en attente d'une amélioration des conditions du milieu (stratégie wait and see, 1996.

;. T. Dans-le-cadre-de-cette-thèse, J. Schjolden, Ø. Øverli, P. O. Thornqvist, and S. Winberg, mais non présenté dans ce manuscrit car encore trop préliminaire, visait à enregistrer l'activité de nage de bars dans deux qualités d'eau différentes (n=3 individus pa r condition) dans de réelles conditions d'élevage (50 kg/m 3 ). La bonne qualité d'eau se différenciait de la mauvaise principalement par des valeurs plus faibles Backstrom, Horm Behav, vol.59, pp.180-186, 2011.

L. G. Barboza, L. R. Vieira, V. Branco, N. Figueiredo, F. Carvalho et al., Microplastics cause neurotoxicity, oxidative damage and energy-related changes and interact with the bioaccumulation of mercury in the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), Aquatic Toxicology, vol.195, pp.49-57, 2018.

G. Barnabé, Contribution à la connaissance de la biologie du loup (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) de la région de Sète. Thèse 3ème Cycle, Univ. Sc. Techn. Languedoc, vol.160, p.pp, 1976.

G. Barnabé, Exposé synoptique des données biologiques sur le loup, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linné, 1758). Synopsis FAO Pêches 126, vol.70, p.pp, 1980.

B. Barton, Stress in fishes: a diversity of responses with particular reference to changes in circulating corticosteroids, Integ. and Comp. Biol, vol.42, pp.517-525, 2002.

B. Barton and G. Iwama, Physiological changes in fish from stress in aquaculture with emphasis on the response and effects of corticosteroids, Annual review of fish disease, vol.1, pp.3-26, 1991.

B. L. Bayne, Responses to environmental stress: tolerance, resistance and adaptation. Marine biology of polar regions and effects of stress on marine organisms, pp.331-349, 1985.

A. J. Bejda, A. L. Studholme, and B. L. Olla, Behavioral-Responses of Red Hake, Urophycis-Chuss, to Decreasing Concentrations of Dissolved-Oxygen, Environmental Biology of Fishes, vol.19, pp.261-268, 1987.

A. M. Bell, Effects of an endocrine disrupter on courtship and aggressive behaviour of male three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Animal Behaviour, vol.62, pp.775-780, 2001.

A. M. Bell, An endocrine disrupter increases growth and risky behavior in threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Hormones and Behavior, vol.45, pp.108-114, 2004.

A. M. Bell, Future directions in behavioural syndromes research, Proc eedings of The Royal Society, vol.274, pp.755-761, 2007.

A. M. Bell and J. A. Stamps, Development of behavioural differences between individuals and populations of sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Animal Behaviour, vol.68, pp.1339-1348, 2004.

D. Benhaim, D. D. Akian, M. Ramos, S. Ferrari, K. Yao et al., Selffeeding behaviour and personality traits in tilapia: A comparative study between Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.187, pp.85-92, 2017.

D. Benhaïm, M. Bégout, G. Lucas, B. , and C. , First Insight into Exploration and Cognition in Wild Caught and Domesticated Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in a Maze, PloS one, vol.8, issue.6, p.65872, 2013.

D. Benhaïm, M. Bégout, S. Péan, B. Brisset, D. Leguay et al., Effect of fasting on self-feeding activity in juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.136, pp.63-73, 2012.

D. Benhaïm, M. Bégout, S. Péan, M. Manca, P. Prunet et al., Impact of a plant-based diet on behavioural and physiological traits in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Aquatic Living Resources, vol.26, pp.121-131, 2013.

R. Berme-jo-poza, J. De-la-fuente, C. Pere-z, E. G. De-chavarri, M. T. Diaz et al., Determination of optimal degree days of fasting before slaughter in rainbo w trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Aquaculture, vol.473, pp.272-277, 2017.

R. Berme-jo-poza, J. De-la-fuente, C. Pe-rez, S. Lauzurica, E. G. De-chavarri et al., Reducing the effect of pre-slaughter fasting on the stress response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Animal Welfare, vol.25, pp.339-346, 2016.

R. Berme-jo-poza, J. De-la-fuente, C. Perez, S. Lauzurica, E. Gonzalez et al., The effect of intermittent feeding on the pre-slaughter fasting response in rainbow trout, Aquaculture, vol.443, pp.24-30, 2015.

N. J. Bernier, G. Flik, and P. H. Klaren, Chapter 6 regulation and contribution of the corticotropic, melanotropic and thyrotropic axes to the stress response in fishes. Fish physiology, 2009.

P. Berschick, C. R. Bridges, M. K. , and G. , The influence of hyperoxia, hypoxia and temperature on the respiratory physiology of the intertidal rockpool fish Gobius Cobitis Pallas, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.130, pp.368-387, 1987.

M. G. Bertram, M. Saaristo, J. M. Martin, T. E. Ecker, M. Michelangeli et al., Field-realistic exposure to the androgenic endocrine disruptor 17beta-trenbolone alters ecologically important behaviours in female fish across multiple contexts, Environ Pollut, vol.243, pp.900-911, 2018.

F. Bertucci, J. Attia, M. Beauchaud, and N. Mathevon, The relevance of temporal cues in a fish sound: a first experimental investigation using modified signals in cichlids, Animal Cognition, vol.16, pp.45-54, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01240309

J. E. Bolhuis, W. G. Schouten, J. A. Leeuw, J. W. Schrama, and V. M. Wiegant, Individual coping characteristics, rearing conditions and behavioural flexibility in pigs, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.152, pp.351-360, 2004.

K. Borch, F. B. Jensen, and B. B. Andersen, Cardiac activity, ventilation rate and acidbase régulation in rainbow trout exposed to hypoxia and combined hypoxia and hypercapnia, Fish Physiol. Biochem, vol.12, pp.101-110, 1993.

K. Breivik, A. Sweetman, J. M. Pacyna, and K. C. Jones, Towards a globa l historical emission inventory for selected PCB congeners--a mass balance approach. 2. Emissions, Sci Total Environ, vol.290, pp.199-224, 2002.

K. Breivik, A. Sweetman, J. M. Pacyna, and K. C. Jones, Towards a global historical emission inventory for selected PCB congeners -a mass balance approach 1. Global production and consumption, Science of the Total Environment, vol.290, pp.181-198, 2002.

J. R. Brett, Implications and a assessment of environmental stress. The investigation of fish-power problems, pp.69-83, 1958.

D. M. Broom, P. R. Wiepkema, and . Van-adrichem, Applications of neurobiological studies to farm animal welfare. 101-110, Biology of stress in farm animals: an integrative approach, pp.101-110, 1987.

D. M. Broom, Usable Definition of Animal Welfare, Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, vol.6, pp.15-25, 1993.

C. Brown, F. Burgess, and V. A. Braithwaite, Heritable and experiential effects on boldness in a tropical poeciliid, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol.62, pp.237-243, 2007.

C. Brown, F. Jones, and V. Braithwaite, In situ examination of boldness-shyness traits in the tropical poeciliid, Brachyraphis epidcopi, Animal Behaviour, vol.70, pp.1003-1009, 2005.

S. S. Burmeister and R. D. Fernald, Evolutionary conservation of the egr-1 immediateearly gene response in a teleost, J Comp Neurol, vol.481, pp.220-232, 2005.

N. R. Bury, A. Sturm, P. Le-rouzic, C. Lethimonier, B. Ducouret et al., Evidence for two distinct functional glucocorticoid receptors in teleost fish, Journal of molecular endocrinology, vol.31, pp.141-156, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00115189

J. Cachat, A. Stewart, L. Grossman, S. Gaikwad, F. Kadri et al., Measuring behavioral and endocrine responses to novelty stress in adult zebrafish, Nat Protoc, vol.5, pp.1786-1799, 2010.

J. A. Camargo and A. Alonso, Ecological and toxicological effects of inorganic nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems: A global assessment, Environ Int, vol.32, pp.831-849, 2006.

W. B. Cannon, Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear and rage, 1915.

J. Cano-nicolau, C. Valliant, E. Pellegrini, T. D. Charlier, O. Kah et al., Estrogenic Effects of Several BPA Analogs in the Developing Zebrafish Brain, p.10, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01299976

V. Careau, D. Thomas, M. Humphries, and D. Réale, Energy metabolism and animal personality, Oikos, vol.117, pp.641-653, 2008.

R. E. Carpenter, W. J. Korzan, C. Bockholt, M. J. Watt, G. L. Forster et al., Corticotropin Releasing Factor Influences Aggression and Monoamines: Modulation of Attacks and Retreats, Neuroscience, vol.158, pp.412-425, 2009.

R. E. Carpenter, M. J. Watt, G. L. Forster, Ø. Øverli, C. Bockholt et al., Corticotropin releasing factor induces anxiogenic locomotion in trout and alters serotonergic and dopaminergic activity, Hormones and Behavior, vol.52, pp.600-611, 2007.

M. F. Castanheira, L. E. Conceição, S. Millot, S. Rey, M. L. Bégout et al., Coping styles in farmed fish: consequences for aquaculture, Reviews in Aquaculture, vol.9, pp.23-41, 2017.

M. F. Castanheira, M. He-rrera, B. Costas, L. E. Conceicao, and C. I. Martins, Can We Predict Personality in Fish? Searching for Consistency over Time and across Contexts, PloS one, vol.8, 2013.

D. Chabot and G. Claireaux, Environmental hypoxia as a metabolic constraint on fish: the case of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, Mar Pollut Bull, vol.57, pp.287-294, 2008.

K. P. Chandroo, I. J. Duncan, and R. D. Moccia, Can fish suffer?: perspectives on sentience, pain, fear and stress, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.86, pp.225-250, 2004.

K. P. Chandroo, S. Yue, and R. D. Moccia, An evaluation of current perspectives on consciousness and pa in in fishes, F ish and F isheries, vol.5, pp.281-295, 2004.

B. B. Chapman, L. J. Morrell, and J. Krause, Unpredictability in food supply during early life influences boldness in fish, Behavioral Ecology, vol.21, pp.501-506, 2010.

L. J. Chapman and D. J. Mckenzie, Chapter 2 Behavioral Responses and Ecological Consequences, J), vol.27, pp.25-77, 2009.

B. Chatain, Estimation et amélioration des performances zootechniques de l'élevage larvaire de Dicentrarchus labrax et de Sparus auratus, 1994.

F. J. Chen, S. J. Chen, S. S. Liu, C. Z. Zhang, and G. Peng, Effects of lorazepam and WAY-200070 in larval zebrafish light/dark choice, Neuropharmacology, vol.95, pp.226-233, 2015.

J. Chen, C. Liufu, W. Sun, X. Sun, and D. Chen, Assessment of the neurotoxic mechanisms of decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209) in primary cultured neonatal rat hippocampal neurons includes alterations in second messenger signaling and oxidative stress, Toxicol Lett, vol.192, pp.431-439, 2010.

L. Chen, C. Huang, C. Hu, K. Yu, L. Yang et al., Acute exposure to DE-71: effects on locomotor behavior and developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae, Environ Toxicol Chem, vol.31, pp.2338-2344, 2012.

L. Chen, K. Yu, C. Huang, L. Yu, B. Zhu et al., Prenatal Transfer of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Results in Developmental Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish Larvae, Environ Sci Technol, vol.46, pp.9727-9734, 2012.

X. Chen, C. Huang, X. Wang, J. Chen, C. Bai et al., BDE-47 disrupts axonal growth and motor behavior in developing zebrafish, Aquat Toxicol, vol.120, issue.121, pp.35-44, 2012.

G. P. Chrousos, Stressors, stress, and neuroendocrine integration of the adaptive response -The 1997 Hans Selye Memorial Lecture, Ann Ny Acad Sci, vol.851, pp.311-335, 1998.

J. Clinge-rman, J. Bebak, P. M. Mazik, and S. T. Summe-rfelt, Use of avoidance response by rainbow trout to carbon dioxide for fish self-transfer between tanks, Aquacultural Engineering, vol.37, pp.234-251, 2007.

T. Colchen, F. Teletchea, P. Fontaine, and A. Pasquet, Temperature modifies activity, inter-individual relationships and group structure in a fish, Current Zoology, vol.63, pp.175-183, 2017.

L. Colombe, A. Fostier, N. Bury, F. Pakdel, and Y. Guiguen, A mineralocorticoid-like receptor in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: cloning and characterization of its steroid binding domain, Steroids, vol.65, pp.319-328, 2000.

V. Colson, B. Sadoul, C. Valotaire, P. Prunet, M. Gaume et al., Welfare assessment of rainbow trout reared in a Recirculating Aquaculture System: Compa rison with a Flow-Through System, vol.436, pp.151-159, 2015.

J. L. Conrad, K. L. Weiners-mith, T. Brodin, J. B. Saltz, and A. Sih, Behavioural syndromes in fishes: a review with implications for ecology and fisheries management, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.78, pp.395-435, 2011.

F. S. Conte, Stress and the welfare of cultured fish, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.86, pp.205-223, 2004.

J. Cote and J. Clobe-rt, Social personalities influence natal dispersal in a lizard, P Roy Soc B-Biol Sci, vol.274, pp.383-390, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02120918

K. F. Cubitt, S. Winberg, F. A. Huntingford, S. Kadri, V. O. Crampton et al., Social hierarchies, growth and brain serotonin metabolism in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) kept under commercial rearing conditions, Physiology & behavior, vol.94, pp.529-535, 2008.

C. J. Cutts, N. B. Metcalfe, and A. C. Taylor, Aggression and growth depression in juve nile Atlantic salmon: the consequences of individual variation in standard metabolic rate, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.52, pp.1026-1037, 1998.

C. J. Cutts, N. B. Metcalfe, and A. C. Taylor, Competitive asymmetries in territorial juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, Oikos, vol.86, pp.479-486, 1999.

S. Daan, D. Masman, and A. Groenewold, Avian Basal Metabolic Rates -Their Association with Body-Composition and Energy-Expenditure in Nature, American Journal of Physiology, vol.259, pp.333-340, 1990.

D. Via, J. Van-den-thillart, G. Cattani, O. Cortesi, and P. , Behavioural responses and biochemical correlates in Solea solea to gradual hypoxic exposure, Canadian Journal of Zoology, vol.76, pp.2108-2113, 1998.

E. Danchin, L. Giraldeau, and F. Cézilly, Ecologie Comportementale. Editions Dunod, vol.637, p.pp, 2005.

M. Danion, M. H. Deschamps, H. Thomas-guyon, A. Bado-nilles, S. Le-floch et al., Effect of an experimental oil spill on vertebral bone tissue quality in Europe an sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol.74, pp.1888-1895, 2011.

M. Danion, S. Le-floch, F. Lamour, J. Guyomarch, and C. Quentel, Bioconcentration and immunotoxicity of an experimental oil spill in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol.74, pp.2167-2174, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00770997

T. Daouk, T. Larcher, F. Roupsard, L. Lyphout, C. Rigaud et al., Long-term food-expos ure of zebrafish to PCB mixtures mimicking some environmental situations induces ovary pathology and impairs reproduction ability, Aquat Toxicol, vol.105, pp.270-278, 2011.

P. O. Darnerud, G. S. Eriksen, T. Johannesson, P. B. Larsen, and M. Viluksela, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers: occurrence, dietary exposure, and toxicology, Environmental health perspectives, vol.109, pp.49-68, 2001.

C. Darwin, On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life, p.1859

J. Davidson, C. Good, C. Williams, and S. T. Summerfelt, Evaluating the chronic effects of nitrate on the health and performance of post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems, Aquacultural Engineering, vol.79, pp.1-8, 2017.

M. S. Dawkins, La souffrance animale, vol.138, 1983.

C. A. De-wit, An overview of brominated flame retardants in the environment, Chemosphere, vol.46, pp.583-624, 2002.

R. J. Diaz and D. L. Breitburg, The hypoxic environment, Fish physiology, vol.27, pp.1-23, 2009.

N. J. Dingemanse, A. J. Kazem, D. Reale, and J. Wright, Behavioural reaction norms: animal personality meets individual plasticity, Trends Ecol Evol, vol.25, pp.81-89, 2010.

P. Domenici, R. S. Ferrari, J. F. Steffensen, and R. S. Batty, The effect of progressive hypoxia on school structure and dynamics in Atlantic herring Clupea harengus, Proceedings. Biological sciences, vol.269, pp.2103-2111, 2002.

P. Domenici, J. F. Steffensen, and S. Marras, The effect of hypoxia on fish schooling, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, p.372, 2017.

A. Dosdat, . Person-le, J. Ruyet, D. Covès, G. Dutto et al., Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Aquatic Living Resources, vol.16, pp.509-520, 2003.

C. Doyon, K. M. Gilmour, V. L. Trudeau, and T. W. Moon, Corticotropin-releasing factor and neuropeptide Y mRNA levels are elevated in the preoptic area of socially subordinate rainbow trout, General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol.133, pp.260-271, 2003.

G. E. Duncan, D. J. Knapp, and G. R. Breese, Neuroanatomical characterization of Fos induction in rat behavioral models of anxiety, Brain research, vol.713, pp.79-91, 1996.

I. J. Duncan, Science-based assessment of animal welfare: farm animals, Rev Sci Tech, vol.24, pp.483-492, 2005.

T. L. Dzie-weczynski, B. A. Campbell, and J. L. Kane, Dose-dependent fluoxetine effects on boldness in male Siamese fighting fish, J Exp Biol, vol.219, pp.797-804, 2016.

T. L. Dzie-weczynski, J. L. Kane, B. A. Campbell, and L. E. Lavin, Fluoxetine exposure impacts boldness in female Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, Ecotoxicology, vol.25, pp.69-79, 2016.

D. Eddins, D. Cerutti, P. Williams, E. Linney, and E. D. Levin, Zebrafish provide a sensitive model of persisting neurobehavioral effects of developmental chlorpyrifos expos ure: comparison with nicotine and pilocarpine effects and relationship to dopa mine deficits, Neurotoxicology and teratology, vol.32, pp.99-108, 2010.

M. Edenbrow and D. P. Croft, Environmental and genetic effects shape the development of personality traits in the mangrove killifish Kryptolebias marmoratus, Oikos, vol.122, pp.667-681, 2013.

R. J. Egan, C. L. Bergner, P. C. Hart, J. M. Cachat, P. R. Canavello et al., Understanding behavioral and physiological phenotypes of stress and anxiety in zebrafish, Behav Brain Res, vol.205, pp.38-44, 2009.

A. J. Eisch and C. D. Mandyam, Adult neurogenesis: Can analysis of cell cycle proteins move us "Beyond BrdU, Curr Pharm Biotechno, vol.8, pp.147-165, 2007.

E. Eljarrat and D. Barcelo, Sample handling and analysis of brominated flame retardants in soil and sludge samples, Trac-Trend Anal Chem, vol.23, pp.727-736, 2004.

E. Eljarrat, A. De-la-cal, and D. Barcelo, Determination of decabromodiphenyl ether in sediments using selective pressurized liquid extraction followed by GC-NCI-MS, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, vol.378, pp.610-614, 2004.

T. Ellis, H. Yildiz, J. López-olmeda, M. Spedicato, L. Tort et al., Cortisol and finfish welfare, Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, vol.38, pp.163-188, 2012.

G. Engel and A. Schmale, Conservation withdrawal: a primary regulatory process for organic homeostasis. Physiology, emotions and psychosomatic illness, pp.57-95, 1972.

P. Eriksson and A. Fredriksson, Neurotoxic effects in adult mice neonatally exposed to 3,3-pentachlorobiphenyl or 2,3,3 -pentachlorobiphenyl. Changes in brain nicotinic receptors and behaviour, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol.5, pp.17-27, 1998.

A. M. Espmark and G. Baeverfjord, Effects of hyperoxia on behavioural and physiological variables in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr, Aquaculture International, vol.17, pp.341-353, 2009.

F. A. , The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. Rome Contributing to food security and nutrition for all, 0200.

A. Farwell, V. Nero, M. Croft, P. Bal, and D. G. Dixon, Modified Japanese medaka embr yo-larval bioassay for rapid determination of developmental abnormalities, Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, vol.51, pp.600-607, 2006.

E. Fatira, N. Papandroulakis, and M. Pavlidis, Diel change s in plasma cortisol and effects of size and stress duration on the cortisol response in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, vol.40, pp.911-919, 2014.

E. Faught, N. Aluru, and M. M. Vijayan, The molecular stress reponse. Fish physiology Biology of stress in fish, pp.133-166, 2016.

A. I. Faustino, G. A. Oliveira, and R. F. Oliveira, Linking appraisal to behavioral flexibility in animals: implications for stress research, Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience 9, 2015.

S. Ferrari, Caractérisation, variatiblité et héritabilités des traits de personalité chez les téléostéens, vol.350, p.pp, 2014.

S. Ferrari, D. Benhaim, T. Colchen, B. Chatain, and M. L. Begout, First links between self-feeding behaviour and personality traits in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.161, pp.131-141, 2014.

S. Ferrari, B. Chatain, X. Cousin, D. Leguay, A. Ve-rgnet et al., Early individual electronic identification of sea bass using RFID microtags: A first example of early phenotyping of sex-related growth, Aquaculture, vol.426, issue.427, pp.165-171, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01193949

S. Ferrari, K. Horri, F. Allal, A. Vergnet, D. Benhaim et al., Heritability of boldness and hypoxia avoidance in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax, PloS one, p.11, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01602254

S. Ferrari, D. Leguay, A. Vergnet, M. O. Vidal, B. Chatain et al., Unpredictability in food supply during early life influences growth and boldness in European seabass, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.180, pp.152-152, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01924056

S. Ferrari, S. Millot, D. Leguay, B. Chatain, and M. L. Bégout, Consistency in European seabass coping styles: A life-history approach, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.167, pp.74-88, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01840588

B. Fischesser and M. F. Dupuis-tate, Le guide illustré de l'écologie (Ed Broché), 1996.

M. Fore, M. Alver, J. A. Alfredsen, G. Marafioti, G. Senneset et al., Modelling growth performance and feeding behaviour of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in commercial-size aquaculture net pens: Model details and validation through full-scale experiments, Aquaculture, vol.464, pp.268-278, 2016.

D. F. Fraser and J. F. Gilliam, Feeding under Predation Hazard -Respo nse of the Gupp y and Hart Rivulus from Sites with Contrasting Predation Hazard, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol.21, pp.203-209, 1987.

A. J. Frost, A. Winrow-giffen, P. J. As-hley, and L. U. Sneddon, Plasticity in animal personality traits: does prior experience alter the degree of boldness?, P Roy Soc BBiol Sci, vol.274, pp.333-339, 2007.

F. E. Fry, University of Toronto Studies, biological series no 55, pp.1-62, 1947.

F. E. Fry, The effect of environmental factors on the physiology of fish. Fish physiology, pp.1-98, 1971.

G. ,

L. Galhardo and R. F. Oliveira, Psychological stress and welfare in fish, Annual review of Biomedical Sciences, pp.1-20, 2009.

L. Galhardo, J. Vital, and R. F. Oliveira, The role of predictability in the stress response of a cichlid fish, Physiology & Behavior, vol.102, pp.367-372, 2011.

N. Gao, L. Zhu, Z. Guo, M. Yi, and L. Zhang, Effects of chronic ammonia exposure on ammonia metabolism and excretion in marine medaka Oryzias melastigma, Fish & shellfish immunology, vol.65, pp.226-234, 2017.

P. T. Gauthier, A. Evenset, G. N. Christensen, E. H. Jorgensen, and M. M. Vijayan, Lifelong Exposure to PCBs in the Remote Norwegian Arctic Disrupts the Plasma Stress Metabolome in Arctic Charr, Environmental science & technology, vol.52, pp.868-876, 2018.

B. Geffroy, B. Sadoul, and A. Bardonnet, Behavioural syndrome in juvenile eels and its ecological implications, Behaviour, vol.152, pp.147-166, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01205106

B. Geffroy, B. Sadoul, A. Bouchareb, S. Prigent, J. P. Bourdineaud et al., Nature-Based Tourism Elicits a Phenotypic Shift in the Coping Abilities of Fish, Front Physiol, vol.9, p.13, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01744585

M. Gesto, M. A. Lopez-patino, J. Hernandez, J. L. Soengas, and J. M. Miguez, The response of brain serotonergic and dopaminergic systems to an acute stressor in rainbow trout: a time course study, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.216, pp.4435-4442, 2013.

L. Glazer, M. E. Hahn, and N. Aluru, Delayed effects of developmental exposure to low levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) on adult zebrafish behavior, Neurotoxicology, vol.52, pp.134-143, 2016.

S. T. Gonzalez, D. Remick, R. Creton, and R. M. Colwill, Effects of embryonic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on anxiety-related behaviors in larval zebrafish, Neurotoxicology, vol.53, pp.93-101, 2016.

S. D. Gosling, From Mice to Men: What Can We Learn About Personality From Animal Research?, Psychological Bulletin, vol.127, pp.45-86, 2001.

S. D. Gosling and O. P. John, Personality dimensions in nonhuman animals: A crossspecies review, Curr Dir Psychol Sci, vol.8, pp.69-75, 1999.

J. S. Gray, Biomagnification in marine systems: the perspective of an ecologist, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.45, pp.46-52, 2002.

J. Halle-r, I. Albert, and G. B. Makara, Acute behavioural effects of corticosterone lack specificity but show marked context-dependency, Journal of neuroendocrinology, vol.9, pp.515-518, 1997.

J. He, D. Yang, C. Wang, W. Liu, J. Liao et al., Chronic zebrafish low dose decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) exposure affected parental gonad development and locomotion in F1 offspring, Ecotoxicology, vol.20, pp.1813-1822, 2011.

N. A. Herbert, J. E. Skjaeraasen, T. Nilsen, A. G. Salvanes, and J. F. Steffensen, The hypoxia avoidance behaviour of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) depends on the provision and pressure level of an O2 refuge, Marine Biology, vol.158, 2010.

G. Herczeg, N. I. Ghani, and J. Merila, Evolution of stickleback feeding behaviour: genetics of pop ulation divergence at different ontogenetic stages, Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol.26, pp.955-962, 2013.

L. Highcock and A. J. Carter, Intraindividual Variability of Boldness Is Repeatable across Contexts in a Wild Lizard, PloS, vol.9, 2014.

S. M. Hixson, Fish Nutrition and Current Issues in Aquaculture: The Balance in Providing Safe and Nutritious Seafood, in an Environmentally Sustainable Manner, Journal of Aquaculture Research Development, vol.5, p.234, 2014.

H. Hong, R. Shen, W. Liu, D. Li, L. Huang et al., Developmental toxicity of three hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers in embryos of the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma, Mar Pollut Bull, vol.101, pp.110-118, 2015.

A. Hontela, J. B. Rasmussen, C. Audet, and G. Chevalier, Impaired cortisol stress response in fish from environments polluted by PAHs, PCBs, and mercury, Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, vol.22, pp.278-283, 1992.

C. Y. Horng, H. C. Lin, and W. Lee, A reproductive toxicology study of phenanthrene in medaka (Oryzias latipes), Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, vol.58, pp.131-139, 2010.

K. Horri, Effets d'une exposition alimentaire chronique à un mélange environnemental de PCB et PBDE sur les traits d'histoire de vie, la bioénergétique et la dynamique des populations de poissons, vol.250, p.pp, 2018.

K. Horri, S. Alfonso, X. Cousin, C. Munschy, V. Loizeau et al., Fish life-history traits are affected after chronic dietary exposure to an environmentally realistic marine mixture of PCBs and PBDEs, Sci Total Environ, pp.531-545, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01826754

F. A. Huntingford, Relationship between Anti-Predator Behavior and Aggression among Conspecifics in 3-Spined Stickleback, Gasterosteus-Aculeatus. Animal Behaviour, vol.24, pp.245-260, 1976.

G. K. Iwama, L. O. Afonso, and M. M. Vijayan, Stress in fish, pp.1-9, 2004.

, J

M. Joels, Z. W. Pu, O. Wiegert, M. S. Oitzl, and H. J. Krugers, Learning under stress: How does it work?, Trends Cogn Sci, vol.10, pp.152-158, 2006.

I. B. Johansen, G. K. Sandvik, G. E. Nilsson, M. Bakken, and Ø. Øverli, Cortisol receptor expression differs in the brains of rainbow trout selected for divergent cortisol responses. Comparative biochemistry and physiology, Genomics & proteomics, vol.6, pp.126-132, 2011.

I. B. Johansen, C. Sorensen, G. K. Sandvik, G. E. Nilsson, E. Hoglund et al., N eural plasticity is affected by stress and heritable variation in stress coping style. Comparative biochemistry and physiology, Genomics & proteomics, vol.7, pp.161-171, 2012.

O. P. John, The "Big Five" factor taxonomy: Dimensions of personality in the natural languaugeand in questionnaires, 1990.

A. C. Jones and S. D. Gosling, Temperament and personality in dogs (Canis familiaris): A review and evaluation of past research, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.95, pp.1-53, 2005.

K. C. Jones and P. De-voogt, Persistent organic pollutants (POPs): state of the science, Environ Pollut, vol.100, pp.209-221, 1999.

E. H. Jorgensen, M. M. Vijayan, N. Aluru, and A. G. Maule, Fasting modifies Aroclor 1254 impact on plasma cortisol, glucose and lactate responses to a handling disturbance in Arctic charr, Comp Biochem Phys C, vol.132, pp.235-245, 2002.

K. Kaidanovich-beilin, O. Lipina, T. Vukobradovic, I. Rode-r, J. Woodgett et al., Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors, Jove-J Vis Exp, 2011.

A. V. Kalueff, D. J. Echevarria, S. Homechaudhuri, A. M. Stewart, A. D. Collier et al., Aquat Toxicol, vol.170, pp.297-309, 2016.

M. Kellne-r, T. Porseryd, S. Hallgren, I. Porsch-hallstrom, S. H. Hansen et al., Waterborne citalopram has anxiolytic effects and increases locomotor activity in the three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Aquat Toxicol, vol.173, pp.19-28, 2016.

S. Kemmlein, D. Herzke, and R. J. Law, Brominated flame retardants in the European chemicals policy of REACH-Regulation and determination in materials, J Chromatogr A, vol.1216, pp.320-333, 2009.

M. Kennedy and P. Fitzmaurice, The biology of the bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, in irish waters, J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K, vol.52, pp.557-597, 1972.

P. Kiilerich, B. Geffroy, C. Valotaire, and P. Prunet, Endogenous regulation of 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and corticosteroid receptors (CRs) during rainbow trout early development and the effects of corticosteroids on hatching, General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol.265, pp.22-30, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01823238

P. Kiilerich, A. Servili, S. Peron, C. Valotaire, L. Goardon et al., Regulation of the corticosteroid signalling system in rainbow trout HPI axis during confinement stress, General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol.258, pp.184-193, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01608722

S. S. Killen, S. Marras, and D. J. Mckenzie, Fuel, fasting, fear: routine metabolic rate and food deprivation exert synergistic effects on risk-taking in individual juvenile European sea bass, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.80, pp.1024-1033, 2011.

S. S. Killen, S. Marras, M. R. Ryan, P. Domenici, and D. J. Mckenzie, A relations hip between metabolic rate and risk-taking behaviour is revealed during hypoxia in juvenile European sea bass, Functional Ecology, vol.26, pp.134-143, 2012.

J. Kimura-kuroda, I. Nagata, and Y. Kuroda, Disrupting effects of hydroxypolychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners on neuronal de velop ment of cerebellar Purkinje cells: a possible causal factor for developmental brain disorders, Chemosphere, vol.67, pp.412-420, 2007.

N. Klüver, M. König, J. Ortmann, R. Massei, A. Paschke et al., Fish Embr yo Toxicity Test: Identification of Compounds with Weak Toxicity and Analysis of Behavioral Effects To Improve Prediction of Acute Toxicity for Neurotoxic Compounds, Environmental science & technology, vol.49, pp.7002-7011, 2015.

A. L. Knecht, L. Truong, S. W. Marvel, D. M. Reif, A. Garcia et al., Transgenerational inheritance of neurobehavioral and physiological deficits from developmental exposure to benzo[a]pyrene in zebrafish, Toxicology and applied pharmacology, vol.329, pp.148-157, 2017.

M. B. Knoph and Y. A. Olsen, Subacute Toxicity of Ammonia to Atlantic Salmon (Salmo-Salar L, Seawater -Effects on Water and Salt Balance, Plasma-Cortisol and Plasma Ammonia Levels, vol.30, pp.295-310, 1994.

P. R. Kodavanti, N. Kannan, N. Yamashita, E. C. Derr-yellin, T. R. Ward et al., Differential effects of two lots of Aroclor 1254: Congener-specific analysis and neurochemical end points, Environmental health perspectives, vol.109, pp.1153-1161, 2001.

J. M. Koolhaas, A. Bartolomucci, B. Buwalda, S. F. De-boer, G. Flugge et al., Stress revisited: A critical evaluation of the stress concept, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.35, pp.1291-1301, 2011.

J. M. Koolhaas, S. M. Korte, S. F. De-boer, . Van-der, B. J. Vegt et al., Coping styles in animals: current status in behavior and stress-physiology, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, vol.23, pp.925-935, 1999.

S. M. Korte, J. M. Koolhaas, J. C. Wingfield, and B. S. Mcewen, The Darwinian concept of stress: benefits of allostasis and costs of allostatic load and the trade-offs in health and disease, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.29, pp.3-38, 2005.

V. Korzh, I. Sleptsova, J. Liao, J. Y. He, and Z. Y. Gong, Expression of zebrafish bHLH genes ngn1 and nrd de fines distinct stages of neural differentiation, Developmental Dynamics, vol.213, pp.92-104, 1998.

W. M. Koven, R. D. Van-anholt, S. Lutzky, I. Ben-atia, O. Nixon et al., The effect of dietary arachidonic acid on growth, survival, and cortisol levels in different-age gilthead sea bream larvae (Sparus auratus) exposed to handling or daily salinity change, Aquaculture, vol.228, pp.307-320, 2003.

D. L. Kramer and M. Mcclure, Aquatic surface respiration, a widespread adaptation to hypoxia in tropical freshwater fisches, Environmental Biology of Fishes, vol.7, pp.47-55, 1982.

L. Guardia, M. J. Hale, R. C. Harvey, and E. , Detailed polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener composition of the widely used penta-, octa-, and deca-PBDE technical flame-retardant mixtures, Environmental science & technology, vol.40, pp.6247-6254, 2006.

L. Guardia, M. J. Hale, R. C. Harvey, and E. , Evidence of debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in biota from a wastewater receiving stream, Environmental science & technology, vol.41, pp.6663-6670, 2007.

L. V. Laing, J. Viana, E. L. Dempster, M. Trznadel, L. A. Trunkfield et al., Bisphenol A causes reproductive toxicity, decreases dnmt1 transcription, and reduces global DNA methylation in breeding zebrafish (Danio rerio), Epigenetics, vol.11, pp.526-538, 2016.

L. Bihanic, F. Clerandeau, C. Le-menach, K. Morin, B. Budzinski et al., Developmental toxicity of PAH mixtures in fish early life stages. Part II: adverse effects in Japanese medaka, Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, vol.21, pp.13732-13743, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01205096

P. Le-neindre, M. Dunier, R. Larrè-re, and P. Prunet, La conscience des animaux. Quae, coll. Matière à débattre et décider, vol.120, p.pp, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02264366

S. Lecomte, D. Habauzit, T. D. Charlier, and F. Pakdel, Emerging Estrogenic Pollutants in the Aquatic Environment and Breast Cancer, Genes-Basel, vol.8, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01616486

J. Legler and A. Brouwe-r, Are brominated flame retardants endocrine disruptors?, Environ Int, vol.29, pp.879-885, 2003.

G. Lemarié, A. Dosdat, D. Covès, G. Dutto, E. Gasset et al., Effect of chronic ammonia exposure on growth of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles, Aquaculture, vol.229, pp.479-491, 2004.

E. D. Levin, Z. Bencan, and D. T. Cerutti, Anxiolytic effects of nicotine in zebrafish, Physiol Behav, vol.90, pp.54-58, 2007.

C. Lillesaar, The serotonergic system in fish, Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, vol.41, pp.294-308, 2011.

B. L. Liu, Y. Liu, and G. X. Sun, Effects of stocking density on growth performance and welfare-related physiological parameters of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. in recirculating aquaculture system, Aquaculture Research, vol.48, pp.2133-2144, 2017.

Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, S. Tao, Y. Guan, T. Zhang et al., Global DNA methylation in gonads of adult zebrafish Danio rerio under bisphenol A exposure, Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, vol.130, pp.124-132, 2016.

V. Loizeau, A. Abarnou, P. Cugier, A. Jaouen-madoulet, A. M. Le-guellec et al., A model of PCB bioaccumulation in the Sea Bass food web from the Seine estuary (eastern English Channel), Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.43, pp.242-255, 2001.

C. Lorin-nebel, H. Budzinski, K. Le-ménach, M. H. Devier, G. Charmantier et al., 4-Nonyl phenol disrupts osmoregulation in the European sea-bass Dicentrarchus labrax, Journal of Xenobiotics, vol.4, pp.94-96, 2014.

W. R. Lovallo, Stress & Health: Biological and Psychological Interactions, 2005.

C. A. Lowry and F. L. Moore, Regulation of behavioral responses by corticotropinreleasing factor, General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol.146, pp.19-27, 2006.

Q. Luo, Z. W. Cai, and M. H. Wong, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish and sediment from river polluted by electronic waste, Sci Total Environ, vol.383, pp.115-127, 2007.

R. H. Macarthur and E. O. Wilson, The theory of island biogeography, 1967.

L. J. Macaulay, J. M. Bailey, E. D. Levin, and H. M. Stapleton, Persisting effects of a PBDE metabolite, 6-OH-BDE-47, on larval and juvenile zebrafish swimming behavior, Neurotoxicology and teratology, vol.52, pp.119-126, 2015.

H. Magaud, B. Migeon, P. Morfin, J. Garric, and E. Vindimian, Modelling fish mortality dur to urban storm run off: interacting effects of hypoxia and un-ionized ammonia, Water research, vol.31, pp.211-218, 1997.

S. F. Maier and L. R. Watkins, Stressor controllability and learned helplessness: the roles of the dorsal raphe nucleus, serotonin, and corticotropin-releasing factor, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, vol.29, pp.829-841, 2005.

C. D. Mandyam, G. C. Harburg, and A. J. Eisch, Determination of key aspects of precursor cell proliferation, cell cycle length and kinetics in the adult mouse subgranular zone, Neuroscience, vol.146, pp.108-122, 2007.

H. Marcucella and C. I. Abramson, Behavioral toxicology and teleost fish. The Behavior of Fish and Other Aquatic Animals, 1978.

C. I. Martins, E. H. Eding, M. C. Verdegem, L. T. Heinsbroek, O. Schneider et al., New developments in recirculating aquaculture systems in Europe: A perspective on environmental sustainability, Aquacultural Engineering, vol.43, pp.83-93, 2010.

C. I. Martins, L. Galhardo, C. Noble, B. Damsgard, M. T. Spedicato et al., Behavioural indicators of welfare in farmed fish. Fish physiology and biochemistry, vol.38, pp.17-41, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00722106

C. I. Martins, P. I. Silva, L. E. Conceicao, B. Costas, E. Hoglund et al., Linking fearfulness and coping styles in fish, PloS one, vol.6, 2011.

C. I. Martins, M. F. Castanheira, S. Engrola, B. Costas, and L. E. Conceicao, Individual differences in metabolism predict coping styles in fish, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.130, pp.135-143, 2011.

C. I. Martins, L. E. Conceição, and J. W. Schrama, Consistency of individual variation in feeding behaviour and its relationship with performance traits in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.133, pp.109-116, 2011.

C. I. Martins, B. Hillen, J. W. Schrama, and J. A. Ve-rreth, A brief note on the relationship between residual feed intake and aggression behaviour in juveniles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.111, pp.408-413, 2008.

J. W. Mason, A re-evaluation of the concept of non-specificity in stress theory, J, 1971.

K. J. Mathot and N. J. Dinge-manse, Energetics and behavior: unrequited needs and new directions, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.30, pp.199-206, 2015.

G. Maugars, M. C. Manirafasha, E. Grousset, V. Boulo, and J. H. Lignot, The effects of acute transfer to freshwater on ion transporters of the pharyngeal cavity in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, vol.44, pp.1393-1408, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02002249

M. Smith and J. , Evolution and the Theor y of Games, C ambr idge, 1982.

M. M. Mazeaud, F. Mazeaud, and E. M. Donaldson, Primary and Secondary Effects of Stress in Fish -Some New Data with a General Review, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, vol.106, pp.201-212, 1977.

I. D. Mccarthy and D. F. Houlihan, The effect of temperature on protein metabolism in fish : the pos sible consequences for wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) stocks in Europe as a result of global warming, Globa l Warming: implications for freshwater and marine fish, vol.61, pp.51-77, 1996.

A. E. Mcelroy, A. Bogle-r, D. Weisbaum, M. Norris, L. V. Mendelman et al., Uptake, metabolism, mutant frequencies and muta, Environmental Research, vol.62, pp.273-277, 2006.

B. S. Mcewen and J. C. Wingfield, The concept of allostasis in biology and biomedicine, Hormones and Behavior, vol.43, pp.2-15, 2003.

V. A. Mcfarland and J. U. Clarke, Environmental occurrence, abundance, and potential toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners: considerations for a congener-specific analysis, Environmental health perspectives, vol.81, pp.225-239, 1989.

K. E. Mcghee and A. M. Bell, Paternal care in a fish: epigenetics and fitness enhancing effects on offspring anxiety, Proceedings. Biological sciences, vol.281, 2014.

J. D. Metcalfe and P. J. Butler, Changes in activity and ventilation in response to hypoxia in unr estrained, unoperated dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.), J Exp Biol, vol.108, pp.411-418, 1984.

S. Millot, Domestication, selection et comportement du bar. Variabilité des aptitudes comportementales et de la tolérance au stress de groupes génétiquement distincts de bar, Dicentrarchus labrax, vol.188, p.pp, 2008.

S. Millot, M. Bégout, and B. Chatain, Exploration behaviour and flight respo nse toward a stimulus in three sea bass strains, Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.119, pp.108-114, 2009.

S. Millot, S. Péan, B. Chatain, and M. Bégout, Self-feeding be haviour changes induced by a first and a second generation of domestication or selection for growth in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), 2011.

S. Millot, S. Péan, D. Leguay, A. Vergnet, B. Chatain et al., Evaluation of behavioral changes induced by a first step of domestication or selection for growth in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): A self-feeding approach under repeated acute stress, Aquaculture, vol.306, pp.211-217, 2010.

L. J. Mills and C. Chichester, Review of evidence: Are endocrine-disrupting c hemicals in the aquatic environment impacting fish pop ulations?, Science of The Total Environment, vol.343, pp.1-34, 2005.

O. Mohseni, H. G. Stefan, and J. G. Eaton, Global warming and potential changes in fish habitat in US streams, C limatic Change, vol.59, pp.389-409, 2003.

P. O. Montiglio, M. Dammhahn, G. D. Messier, and D. Reale, The pace-of-life syndrome revisited: the role of ecological conditions and natural history on the slowfast continuum, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol.72, 2018.

P. O. Montiglio and R. Royauté, Contaminants as a neglected source of behavioural variation, Animal Behaviour, vol.88, pp.29-35, 2014.

D. Muir, T. Savinova, V. Savinov, L. Alexeeva, V. Potelov et al., Bioaccumulation of PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in seals, fishes and invertebrates from the White Sea, Russia. The Science of The Total Environment, vol.306, pp.111-131, 2003.

S. V. Nielsen, M. Kellner, P. G. Henriksen, H. Olsen, S. H. Hansen et al., The psychoactive drug Escitalopram affects swimming behaviour and increases boldness in zebrafish (Danio rerio), Ecotoxicology, vol.27, pp.485-497, 2018.

C. Nüsslein-volhard and R. Dahm, Zebrafish: a pratical approach, The Pratical Approach Series, vol.261, pp.8-37, 2002.

J. R. Nyholm, A. Norman, L. Norrgren, P. Haglund, and P. L. Andersson, Maternal transfer of brominated flame retardants in zebrafish (Danio rerio), Chemosphere, vol.73, pp.203-208, 2008.

M. Nyman, J. Koistinen, M. L. Fant, T. Vartiainen, and E. Helle, Current levels of DDT, PCB and trace elements in the Baltic ringed seals (Phoca hispida baltica) and grey seals (Halichoerus gr ypus), Environ Pollut, vol.119, pp.399-412, 2002.

R. F. Oliveira, L. A. Carneiro, and A. V. Canario, No hormonal response in tied fights, Nature, vol.437, pp.207-208, 2005.

R. F. Oliveira, A. Silva, and A. V. Canario, Why do winners keep winning? Androgen mediation of winner but not loser effects in cichlid fish, Proceedings. Biological sciences, vol.276, pp.2249-2256, 2009.

J. Ortuño, M. A. Esteban, and J. Meseguer, Lack of effect of combining different stressors on innate immune responses of seabream (Sparus aurata L.), Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, vol.84, pp.17-27, 2002.

Ø. Øverli, W. J. Korzan, E. Hoglund, S. Winberg, H. Bollig et al., Stress coping style predicts aggression and social dominance in rainbow trout, Horm Behav, vol.45, pp.235-241, 2004.

Ø. Øverli, W. J. Korzan, E. T. Larson, S. Winberg, O. Lepage et al., Behavioral and neuroendocrine correlates of displaced aggression in trout, Horm Behav, vol.45, pp.324-329, 2004.

Ø. Øverli, S. Kotzian, and S. Winberg, Effects of cortisol on aggression and locomotor activity in rainbow trout, Hormones and Behavior, vol.42, pp.53-61, 2002.

Ø. Øverli, T. G. Pottinger, T. R. Carrick, E. Overli, and S. Winberg, Brain monoaminergic activity in rainbow trout selected for high and low stress responsiveness, Brain Behav Evolut, vol.57, pp.214-224, 2001.

Ø. Øverli and C. Sorensen, On the Role of Neurogenesis and Neural Plasticity in the Evolution of Animal Personalities and Stress Coping Styles, Brain Behav Evolut, vol.87, pp.167-174, 2016.

Ø. Øverli, C. Sorensen, and G. E. Nilsson, Behavioral indicators of stress-coping style in rainbow trout: Do males and females react differently to novelty?, Physiol Behav, vol.87, pp.506-512, 2006.

Ø. Øverli, C. Sorensen, K. G. Pulman, T. G. Pottinger, W. Korzan et al., Evolutionary background for stress-cop ing styles: relationships between physiological, behavioral, and cognitive traits in non-mammalian vertebrates, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, vol.31, pp.396-412, 2007.

Ø. Øverli, S. Winberg, B. Damsård, and M. Jobling, Food intake and spontaneous swimming activity in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus): role of brain serotonergic activity and social interactions, Canadian Journal of Zoology, vol.76, pp.1366-1370, 1998.

Ø. Øverli, S. Winberg, and T. G. Pottinger, Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Correlates of Selection for Stress Responsiveness in Rainbow Trout--a Review, Integrative and comparative biology, vol.45, pp.463-474, 2005.

K. Overton, F. Samsing, F. Oppedal, L. H. Stien, and T. Dempster, Lowering treatment temperature reduces salmon mortality: a new way to treat with hydrogen peroxide in aquaculture, Pest Manag Sci, vol.74, pp.535-540, 2018.

S. Padilla, J. Cowde-n, D. E. Hinton, B. Yuen, S. Law et al., Use of medaka in toxicity testing. Current protocols in toxicology / editorial board, 2009.

M. Paspatis, D. Maragoudaki, and M. Kentouri, Self-feeding activity patterns in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) and their reciprocal hybrids, Aquaculture, vol.190, pp.389-401, 2000.

S. Péan, T. Daouk, C. Vignet, L. Lyphout, D. Leguay et al., Long-term dietary-exposure to non-coplanar PCBs induces behavioral disruptions in adult zebrafish and their offspring, Neurotoxicology and teratology, vol.39, pp.45-56, 2013.

C. Peda, L. Caccamo, M. C. Fossi, F. Gai, F. Andaloro et al., Intestinal alterations in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) exposed to microplastics: Preliminary results, Environmental Pollution, vol.212, pp.251-256, 2016.

J. Person-le-ruyet and G. Boeuf, L'Azote ammoniacal, un toxique potentiel en élevage de poissons : le cas du turbot. Bulletin Francais de la Peche et de la Pisciculture 350-351, pp.393-412, 1998.

J. Person-le-ruyet, H. Chartois, and L. Que-mener, Comparative acute ammonia toxicity in marine fish and plasma ammonia response, Aquaculture, vol.136, pp.181-194, 1995.

A. D. Pickering, Introduction: The concept of biological stress, pp.1-9, 1981.

G. Polverino, C. Cigliano, S. Nakayama, and T. Mehner, Emergence and development of personality over the ontogeny of fish in absence of environmental stress factors, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol.70, pp.2027-2037, 2016.

V. L. Pritchard, J. Lawre-nce, R. K. Butlin, and J. Krause, Shoal choice in zebrafish, Danio rerio: the influe nce of shoal size and activity, Animal Behaviour, vol.62, pp.1085-1088, 2001.

P. Prunet, A. Sturm, and S. Milla, Multiple corticosteroid receptors in fish: From old ideas to new concepts, General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol.147, pp.17-23, 2006.

J. L. Quinn and W. Cresswell, Personality, Anti-Predation Behaviour and Behavioural Plasticity in the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, Behaviour, vol.142, pp.1377-1402, 2005.

F. Rahman, K. H. Langford, M. D. Scrimshaw, and J. N. Lester, Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, Sci Total Environ, vol.275, pp.1-17, 2001.

D. J. Randall and T. K. Tsui, Ammonia toxicity in fish, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.45, pp.17-23, 2002.

D. Réale, D. Garant, M. M. Humphries, P. Bergeron, V. Careau et al., Persona lity and the emergence of the pace-of-life syndrome concept at the population level, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.365, pp.4051-4063, 2010.

D. Réale, S. M. Reader, D. Sol, P. T. Mcdougall, and N. J. Dinge-manse, Integrating animal temperament within ecology and evolution, Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, vol.82, pp.291-318, 2007.

S. G. Reid, N. J. Bernier, and S. F. Perry, The adrenergic stress response in fish: control of catecholamine storage and release, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, vol.120, pp.1-27, 1998.

S. Rey, S. Boltana, R. Vargas, N. Roher, and S. Mackenzie, Combining animal personalities with transcriptomics resolves individual variation within a wild-type zebrafish population and identifies underpinning molecular differences in brain function, Mol Ecol, vol.22, pp.6100-6115, 2013.

S. Rey, F. A. Huntingford, S. Boltana, R. Vargas, T. G. Knowles et al., Fish can show emotional fever: stress-induced hyperthermia in zebrafish, P Roy Soc B-Biol Sci, vol.282, 2015.

N. Reyhanian, K. Volkova, S. Hallgre-n, T. Bollner, P. E. Olsson et al., 17alpha-Ethinyl estradiol affects anxiety and shoaling behavior in adult male zebra fish (Danio rerio), Aquat Toxicol, vol.105, pp.41-48, 2011.

D. N. Reznick, M. J. Butler, F. H. Rodd, and P. Ross, Life-history evolution in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) .6. Differential mortality as a mechanism for natural selection, Evolution, vol.50, pp.1651-1660, 1996.

J. Richardson, E. E. Williams, and W. Hickey, Avoidance behaviour of freshwater fish and shrimp exposed to ammonia and low dissolved oxygen separately and in combination, New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.35, pp.625-633, 2001.

J. Rihel, D. A. Prober, A. Arvanites, K. Lam, S. Zimme-rman et al., Zebrafish behavioral profiling links drugs to biological targets and rest/wake regulation, Science, vol.327, pp.348-351, 2010.

S. Rimoldi, G. Terova, G. Zaccone, T. Parker, M. Kuciel et al., The Effect of Hypo xia and Hype roxia on Growth and Expression of Hypo xia-Related Genes and Proteins in Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus Larvae and Juveniles, Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution, vol.326, pp.250-267, 2016.

L. M. Rios, C. Moore, and P. R. Jones, Persistent organic pollutants carried by synthetic polymers in the ocean environment, Mar Pollut Bull, vol.54, pp.1230-1237, 2007.

C. D. Robinson, L. Webster, C. Martine-z-gome-z, T. Burgeot, M. J. Gubbins et al., Assessment of contaminant concentrations in sediments, fish and mussels sampled from the North Atlantic and European regional seas within the ICON project, Mar Environ Res, vol.124, pp.21-31, 2017.

A. Rodriguez, H. Q. Zhang, J. Klaminder, T. Brodin, and M. Andersson, ToxId: an efficient algorithm to solve occlusions when tracking multiple animals, Scientific Reports, vol.7, 2017.

A. Rodriguez, H. Q. Zhang, J. Klaminder, T. Brodin, P. L. Ande-rsson et al., ToxTrac: A fast and robust software for tracking organisms, Methods Ecol Evol, vol.9, pp.460-464, 2018.

T. L. Root, J. T. Price, K. R. Hall, S. H. Schneider, C. Rosenzweig et al., Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants, Nature, vol.421, pp.57-60, 2003.

J. D. Rose, The Neurobehavioral Nature of Fishes and the Question of Awareness and Pain, Reviews in Fisheries Science, vol.10, pp.1-38, 2002.

J. D. Rose, Anthropomorphism and 'mental welfare' of fishes, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.75, pp.139-154, 2007.

J. Rotllant, N. M. Ruane, M. J. Caballero, D. Montero, and L. Tort, Response to confinement in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is characterised by an increased biosynthetic capacity of interrenal tissue with no effect on ACTH senitivity, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A, vol.136, pp.613-620, 2003.

R. Royauté, C. M. Buddle, and C. Vincent, Interpop ulation Variations in Behavioral Syndromes of a Jumping Spider from Insecticide-Treated and Insecticide-Free Orchards, Ethology, vol.120, pp.127-139, 2014.

R. Royauté, C. M. Buddle, and C. Vincent, Under the influence: sublethal exposure to an insecticide affects personality expression in a jumping spider, Functional Ecology, vol.29, pp.962-970, 2015.

M. D. Ruiz-gomez, S. Kittilsen, E. Höglund, F. A. Huntingford, C. Sørensen et al., Behavioral plasticity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with divergent coping styles: When doves become hawks, Hormones and Behavior, vol.54, pp.534-538, 2008.

B. Sadoul, S. Alfonso, E. Bessa, A. Bouchareb, E. Blondeau-bidet et al., Enhanced brain expression of genes related to cell proliferation and neural differentiation is associated with cortisol receptor expr ession in fishes, Gen Comp Endocrinol, vol.267, pp.76-81, 2018.

B. Sadoul, S. Augustine, E. Zimme-r, M. L. Bégout, and M. M. Vijayan, Journal of Sea, 2018.

B. Sadoul, O. Birceanu, N. Aluru, J. K. Thomas, and M. M. Vijayan, Bisphenol A in eggs causes develop ment-specific liver molecular reprogramming in two generations of rainbow trout, Scientific Reports, vol.7, 2017.

B. Sadoul, N. C. Friggens, C. Valotaire, L. Labbe, V. Colson et al., Physiological and behavioral flexibility to an acute CO2 challenge, within and between genotypes in rainbow trout, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology, vol.209, pp.25-33, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01540178

B. Sadoul, I. Leguen, S. Alfonso, B. Chatain, P. Prunet et al.,

B. Sadoul and M. M. Vijayan, Stress and growth. Fish physiology Biology of stress in fish, pp.167-205, 2016.

A. Samaras, A. Dimitroglou, E. Sarropoulou, L. Papaharisis, L. Kottaras et al., Repeatability of cortisol stress response in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and transcription differences between individuals with divergent responses, Scientific reports, vol.6, p.34858, 2016.

C. Sandi, C. Venero, and C. Guaza, Novelty-related rapid locomotor effects of corticosterone in rats, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.8, pp.794-800, 1996.

S. Saravanan, I. Geurden, A. C. Figueiredo-silva, S. J. Kaushik, M. N. Haidar et al., Control of voluntary feed intake in fish: a role for dietary oxygen demand in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets with different macronutrient profiles, Brit J Nutr, vol.108, pp.1519-1529, 2012.

J. Schjolden, T. Backström, K. G. Pulman, T. G. Pottinger, and S. Winberg, Divergence in behavioural responses to stress in two strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with contrasting stress responsiveness, Hormones and Behavior, vol.48, pp.537-544, 2005.

J. Schjolden and S. Winberg, Genetically determined variation in stress responsiveness in rainbow trout: Behavior and neurobiology, Brain Behav Evolut, vol.70, pp.227-238, 2007.

S. J. Schnorr, P. J. Steenbergen, M. K. Richardson, and D. L. Champagne, Measuring thigmotaxis in larval zebrafish, Behaviour Brain Research, vol.228, pp.367-374, 2012.

C. B. Schreck and L. Tort, The concept of stress in fish. Fish physiology Biology of stress in fish, pp.1-34, 2016.

B. H. Seghers, Schooling behavior in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata): an evolut ion respo nse to p redation, 1974.

H. Selye, Stress and the general adapation syndrome, Brithish Medecine Journal, vol.1, pp.1383-1392, 1950.

S. Shams, D. Chatte-rjee, and R. Gerlai, Chronic social isolation affects thigmotaxis and whole-brain serotonin levels in adult zebrafish, Behav Brain Res, vol.292, pp.283-287, 2015.

N. J. Shannon, J. W. Gunnet, and K. E. Moore, A Comparison of Biochemical Indexes of 5-Hydroxytryptaminergic Neuronal-Activity Following Electrical-Stimulation of the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.47, pp.958-965, 1986.

S. D. Shaw and K. Kannan, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine ecosystems of the American continents: foresight from current knowledge, Rev Environ Health, vol.24, pp.157-229, 2009.

E. L. Shimps, J. A. Rice, and J. A. Osborne, Hypoxia tolerance in two juvenile estuarydependent fishes, Journal Experimental of Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.325, pp.146-162, 2005.

A. Shingles, D. J. Mckenzie, E. W. Taylor, A. Moretti, P. J. Butler et al., Effects of sublethal ammonia expos ure on swimming performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), J Exp Biol, vol.204, pp.2691-2698, 2001.

A. Sih, A. Bell, and J. Chadwick-johnson, Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.19, pp.372-378, 2004.

A. Sih and A. M. Bell, Chapter 5 Insights for Behavioral Ecology from Behavioral Syndromes, Advances in the Study of Behavior, pp.227-281, 2008.

A. Sih, J. Cote, M. Evans, S. Fogarty, and J. Pruitt, Ecological implications of behavioural syndromes, Ecology Letters, vol.15, pp.278-289, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02120981

D. T. Sijm, W. Selnen, and A. Opperhulzen, Life-cycle biomagnification study in fish, Environ. Sci. Technol, vol.26, pp.2162-2174, 1992.

P. I. Silva, C. I. Martins, S. Engrola, G. Marino, Ø. Øverli et al., Individual differences in cortisol levels and behaviour of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles: Evidence for coping styles, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.124, pp.75-81, 2010.

A. K. Sinha, H. Abdelgawad, T. Giblen, G. Zinta, M. De-rop et al., Anti-oxidative defences are modulated differentially in three freshwater teleosts in response to ammonia-induced oxidative stress, PloS one, vol.9, p.95319, 2014.

A. K. Sinha, M. Diricx, L. P. Chan, H. J. Lie-w, V. Kumar et al., Expression pattern of potential biomarker genes related to growth, ion regulation and stress in response to ammonia exposure, food deprivation and exercise in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Aquat Toxicol, pp.93-105, 2012.

M. K. Skinner, Endocrine disruptor induction of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease, Mol Cell Endocrinol, vol.398, pp.4-12, 2014.

M. K. Skinner, Environmental stress and epigenetic transgenerational inheritance, BMC Med, vol.12, p.153, 2014.

J. E. Skjaeraasen, T. Nilsen, J. J. Meager, N. A. Herbert, G. P. Moberg et al., Hypoxic avoidance behaviour in cod (Gadus morhua L.): The effect of temperature and haemoglobin genotype, Journal Experimental of Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.358, pp.70-77, 2008.

L. U. Sneddon, The evidence for pain in fish: the use of morphine as an analgesic, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, vol.83, pp.153-162, 2003.

L. U. Sneddon, Pain perception in fish. Fish Farmer, vol.27, pp.8-10, 2004.

E. C. Snell-rood, Selective Processes in Development: Implications for the Costs and Benefits of Phenotypic Plasticity, Integrative and Comparative Biology, vol.52, pp.31-42, 2012.

C. Sorensen, L. C. Bohlin, Ø. Øverli, and G. E. Nilsson, Cortisol reduces cell proliferation in the telencephalon of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Physiol Behav, vol.102, pp.518-523, 2011.

C. Sorensen, I. B. Johansen, and Ø. Øverli, Neural plasticity and stress coping in teleost fishes, Gen Comp Endocrinol, vol.181, pp.25-34, 2013.

C. Sorensen, G. E. Nilsson, C. H. Summe-rs, and Ø. Øverli, Social stress reduces forebrain cell proliferation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Behav Brain Res, vol.227, pp.311-318, 2012.

O. Sorg, AhR signalling and dioxin toxicity, Toxicology letters, vol.230, pp.225-233, 2014.

J. R. Speakman and C. Selman, Physical activity and resting metabolic rate, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, vol.62, pp.621-634, 2003.

R. Spence, G. Gerlach, C. Lawre-nce, and C. Smith, The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, Biological Reviews, vol.83, pp.13-34, 2008.

B. Steiner, F. Kle-mpin, L. Wang, M. Kott, and H. Kettenmann, Type-2 cells as link between glial and neuronal lineage in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, Glia, vol.54, pp.805-814, 2006.

R. J. Strange, Reduced swimming performance of striped bass after confinement stress, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, vol.121, pp.206-210, 1992.

T. R. Summe-rs, T. L. Summe-rs, R. E. Carpenter, J. P. Smith, S. L. Young et al., Learning and CRF-Induced Indecision during Escape and Submission in Rainbow Trout during Socially Aggressive Interactions in the Stress-Alternatives Model, p.11, 2017.

J. P. Sumpte-r, Seminar series:62, 95-118. and behavior after embryonic exposure of zebrafish to PAH-spiked sediment, Cambridge Society for Experimental Biology, vol.21, pp.13877-13887, 1997.

C. Vignet, L. Joassard, L. Lyphout, T. Guionnet, M. Goubeau et al., Expos ures of zebrafish through diet to three environmentally relevant mixtures of PAHs produce behavioral disruptions in unexposed F1 and F2 descendant, Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, vol.22, pp.16371-16383, 2015.

C. Vignet, K. Le-menach, L. Lyphout, T. Guionnet, L. Frere et al., Chronic dietary expos ure to pyr olytic and petrogenic mixtures of PAHs causes physiological disruption in zebrafish--part II: behavior, Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, vol.21, pp.13818-13832, 2014.

M. A. Vindas, M. Gorissen, E. Hoglund, G. Flik, V. Tronci et al., How do individuals cope with stress? Behavioural, physiological and neuronal differences between proactive and reactive coping styles in fish, J Exp Biol, vol.220, pp.1524-1532, 2017.
DOI : 10.1242/jeb.153213

URL : http://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/early/2017/02/02/jeb.153213.full.pdf

M. A. Vindas, C. Magnhagen, E. Brannas, Ø. Øverli, S. Winberg et al., Brain cortisol receptor expression differs in Arctic charr displaying opposite coping styles, Physiol Behav, vol.177, pp.161-168, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.04.024

X. Wang, L. Yang, Y. Wu, C. Huang, Q. Wang et al., The developmental neurotoxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: Effect of DE-71 on dopamine in zebrafish larvae, Environ Toxicol Chem, vol.34, pp.1119-1126, 2015.

G. P. Way, N. Ruhl, J. L. Snekser, A. L. Kiesel, and S. P. Mcrobert, A Comparison of Methodologies to, Test Aggression in Zebrafish. Zebrafish, vol.12, pp.144-151, 2015.

M. M. Webster, A. J. Ward, and P. J. Hart, Boldness is influenced by social context in threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Behaviour, vol.144, pp.351-371, 2007.

G. A. Wedemeyer, B. A. Barton, and D. J. Mcleay, Stress and acclimatation. Methods for fish biology, pp.451-489, 1990.

G. A. Wedemeyer and D. J. Mcleay, Methods for determining the tolerance of fishes to envrionmental stressors, pp.295-321, 1981.

D. Weetman, D. Atkinson, and J. S. Chubb, Water temperature influences the shoaling decisions of guppies, Poecilia reticulata, under predation threat, Animal behavior, vol.58, pp.735-741, 1999.

W. Bonga and S. E. , The stress response in fish, Physiological Reviews, vol.77, pp.591-625, 1997.

P. J. Whitehead, M. L. Bauchot, J. C. Hureau, J. Nielsen, and E. Tortonese, , 1986.

S. Winberg and G. R. Nilsson, Roles of brain monoamine neurotransmitters in agonistic behaviour and stress reactions, with particular reference to fish, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, vol.106, pp.597-614, 1993.

J. Xu, Y. Liu, S. Cui, and X. Miao, Behavioral responses of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels as monitored by computer vision, Aquacultural Engineering, vol.35, pp.207-217, 2006.

C. Y. Yang, M. L. Yu, H. R. Guo, T. J. Lai, C. C. Hsu et al., The endocrine and reproductive function of the female Yucheng adolescents prenatally exposed to PCBs/PCDFs, Chemosphere, vol.61, pp.355-360, 2005.

M. Yang, J. L. Silverman, and J. N. Crawley, Automated Three-Chambered Social Approach Task for Mice, Current protocols in Neuroscience, vol.56, pp.1-16, 2001.

P. S. Young and J. J. Cech, Physiological stress responses to serial sampling and confinement in young-of-the-year striped bass, Morone saxatilis (Walbaum). Comp. Biochem. physiol. 105 A, pp.239-244, 1993.

L. Yu, J. C. Lam, Y. Guo, R. S. Wu, P. K. Lam et al., Parental transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and thyroid endocrine disruption in zebrafish, Environmental science & technology, vol.45, pp.10652-10659, 2011.

S. Z-zhe-ng, C. Liu, Y. Huang, M. Bao, Y. Huang et al., Effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether on neurobe havior and memor y change and bc l-2, c-fos, grin1b and lingo1b gene expression in male zebrafish (Danio rerio), Toxicology and applied pharmacology, vol.333, pp.10-16, 2017.

A. S. Sadoul, B. Gesto, M. Joassard, L. Chatain, B. Geffroy et al.,

, XXX Coping styles in European sea bass: the link between boldness, stress response X and neurogenesis, Physiology and Behavior