C. Gadbury, L. Todd, A. H. Jahren, and R. Amundson, Spatial and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of bison tooth enamel from the Early Holocene HudsonMeng Bone Bed, Nebraska. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.157, pp.79-93, 2000.

C. Gamble, Large mammals, climate and resource richness in Upper Pleistocene Europe, Acta Zoologica Cracovensia, vol.38, pp.155-175, 1995.

C. Gamble, The Palaeolithic societies of Europe, vol.505, 1999.

L. Genoni, P. Iacumin, V. Nikolaev, Y. Gribchenko, and A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotope measurements of mammoth and reindeer skeletal remains: an archive of Late Pleistocene environmental conditions in Eurasian Arctic, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.160, pp.587-592, 1998.

, Geoatlas France vectorielle 2, 1997. France physique

U. V. Grafenstein, H. Erlenkeuser, J. Muller, P. Trimborn, and J. Alefs, A 200 year midEuropean air temperature record preserved in lake sediments: an extension of the ?18Op-air temperature relation into the past, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.60, pp.4025-4036, 1996.

J. Guiot, Methodology of the last climatic cycle reconstruction in France from pollen data, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.80, pp.49-69, 1990.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01457563

J. Guiot, A. Pons, ). Beaulieu-(de, J. Reille, and M. , A 140,000 years continental climate reconstruction from two European pollen records, Nature, vol.338, pp.309-313, 1989.

R. Hainard, Mammifères sauvages d'Europe. II: Pinnipèdes, Ongulés, Rongeurs, Cétacés. Delachaux et Niestlé, vol.352, 1971.

H. Heinrich, Origin and consequences of cyclic ice-rafting in the Northeast Atlantic ocean during the past 130,000 years, Quaternary Research, vol.29, pp.142-152, 1988.

M. Héran, C. Lécuyer, and S. Legendre, Cenozoic long-term terrestrial climatic evolution in Germany tracked by ? 18 O of rodent tooth phosphate, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.285, pp.331-342, 2010.

P. Higgings and B. J. Macfadden, Amount effect" recorded in oxygen isotopes of Late Glacial horse (Equus) and bison (Bison) teeth from Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts, Southwestern United States, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.206, pp.337-353, 2004.

K. A. Hoppe, K. Christensen, and J. A. Swanson, Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based stoichiometry in living cells, Biophysical Journal, vol.83, pp.3652-3664, 2002.

K. A. Hoppe, S. M. Stover, J. R. Pascoe, and R. Amundson, Tooth enamel biomineralization in extant horses: implications for isotopic microsampling, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.206, pp.355-365, 2004.

K. A. Hoppe, R. Amundson, M. Vavra, M. P. Mcclaran, and D. L. Anderson, Isotopic analysis of tooth enamel carbonate from modern North American feral horses: implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.203, pp.299-311, 2004.

I. Wmo, Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation. The GNIP Database, 2006.

P. L. Koch, K. A. Hoppe, and S. D. Webb, The isotopic ecology of late Pleistocene mammals in North America. Part 1. Florida, Chemical Geology, vol.152, pp.119-138, 1998.

M. J. Kohn, Comment: tooth enamel mineralization in ungulates: implications for recovering a primary isotopic time-series, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.68, pp.403-405, 2002.

M. J. Kohn, M. J. Schoeninger, and J. W. Valley, Herbivore tooth oxygen isotope compositions: effects of diet and physiology, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.60, pp.3889-3896, 1996.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, and O. Navon, Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites, I. Fish bone apatite-rechecking the rules of the game, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.64, pp.398-404, 1983.

C. Lécuyer, Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Phosphate, Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques, pp.482-496, 2004.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. R. O'neil, H. Capetta, and F. Martineau, Thermal excursions in the ocean at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): ? 18 O record of phosphatic fish debris, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.105, pp.235-243, 1993.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat, J. Nolvak, C. C. Emig et al., ? 18 O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods: a comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.62, pp.2429-2436, 1998.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, and S. M. Sheppard, Oxygen isotope exchange between dissolved phosphate and water at temperatures ? 135°C: inorganic versus biological fractionations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.63, pp.855-862, 1999.

C. Lécuyer, F. Fourel, F. Martineau, R. Amiot, A. Bernard et al., High-precision determination of 18 O/ 16 O ratios of silver phosphate by EA-pyrolysis-IRMS continuous flow technique, Journal of Mass Spectrometry, vol.42, pp.36-41, 2007.

S. Legendre, Analysis of mammalian communities from the Late Eocene and Oligocene of southern France, Palaeovertebrata, vol.16, pp.191-212, 1986.

A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate: a new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research?, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1984.

A. Longinelli, P. Iacumin, S. Davanzo, and V. Nikolaev, Modern reindeer and mice: revised phosphate-water isotope equations, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.214, pp.491-498, 2003.

B. Luz and Y. Kolodny, Oxygen variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.75, pp.29-36, 1985.

B. Luz, Y. Kolodny, and M. Horowitz, Fractionation of oxygen isotopes between mammalian bone-phosphate and environmental drinking water, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, pp.1689-1693, 1984.

N. Navarro, C. Lécuyer, S. Montuire, C. Langlois, and F. Martineau, Oxygen isotope composition of phosphate from Arvicoline teeth: a continental proxy for Quaternary climatic changes, Quaternary Research, vol.62, pp.172-182, 2004.

M. Fabre, Quaternary Research, vol.75, pp.605-613, 2011.

, organophosphorus compounds: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 61, GEOLOGY, pp.4411-4422, 2010.

H. Bocherens, P. L. Koch, A. Mariotti, D. Geraads, and J. Jaeger, Isotopic biogeochemistry ( 13 C, 18 O) of mammalian enamel from African Pleistocene hominid sites: Palaios, pp.306-318, 1996.

J. Boisserie, A. Zazzo, G. Merceron, C. Blondel, P. Vignaud et al., Diets of modern and late Miocene hippopotamids: Evidence from carbon isotope composition and micro-wear of tooth enamel: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 221, pp.153-174, 2005.

S. Bouaziz, E. Buffetaut, M. Ghanmi, J. Jaeger, M. Martin et al., New discoveries of fossil vertebrates from the Albian of south Tunisia: Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, pp.335-339, 1988.

D. J. Bryant and P. N. Froelich, A model of oxygen isotope fractionation in body water of large mammals: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.59, pp.4523-4537, 1995.

E. Buffetaut, New remains of the enigmatic dinosaur Spinosaurus from the Cretaceous of Morocco and the affi nities between Spinosaurus and Baryonyx: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen, pp.79-87, 1989.

E. Buffetaut, Spinosaurid teeth from the Late Jurassic of Tendaguru, Tanzania, with remarks on the evolutionary and biogeographical history of the Spinosauridae: Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon, vol.164, pp.26-28, 2008.

E. Buffetaut and R. Ingavat, Unusual theropod dinosaur teeth from the Upper Jurassic of Phu Wiang, northeastern Thailand: Revue de Paléobiologie, pp.217-220, 1986.

E. Buffetaut, D. M. Martill, and F. Escuillié, Pterosaurs as part of a spinosaur diet: Nature, v. 430, p.33, 2004.

E. Buffetaut, V. Suteethorn, H. Tong, and R. Amiot, An Early Cretaceous spinosaurid theropod from southern China: Geological Magazine, v. 145, pp.745-748, 2008.

T. E. Cerling, J. M. Harris, J. A. Hart, P. Paleme, H. Klingel et al., Journal of Zoology, vol.276, pp.204-212, 2008.

A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner, Baryonyx, a remarkable new theropod dinosaur: Nature, v. 324, pp.359-361, 1986.

A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner, Baryonyx walkeri, a fi sh-eating dinosaur from the Wealden of Surrey: Natural History Museum of London Bulletin, Geology Series, vol.53, pp.11-70, 1997.

M. T. Clementz, P. A. Holroyd, and P. L. Koch, Identifying aquatic habits of herbivorous mammals through stable isotope analysis: Palaios, pp.574-585, 2008.

H. C. Fricke, R. , and R. R. , Multiple taxon-multiple locality approach to providing oxygen isotope evidence for warm-blooded theropod dinosaurs: Geology, v. 28, vol.2, pp.799-802, 2000.

O. Hasegawa, E. Buffetaut, M. Manabe, and Y. Takakuwa, A possible spinosaurid tooth from the Sebayashi Formation (Lower Cretaceous), pp.1-5, 2003.

T. R. Holtz and . Jr, Spinosaurs as crocodile mimics: Science, v. 282, pp.1276-1277, 1998.

A. W. Kellner, On a pterosaur neck with a dinosaur tooth: Scavenging or predation?: Natura Nascosta, vol.29, pp.41-43, 2004.

A. W. Kellner, C. , and D. , First Early Cretaceous theropod dinosaur from Brazil with comments on Spinosauridae: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie Abhandlungen, pp.151-166, 0199.

M. J. Kohn, Predicting animal ? 18 O: Accounting for diet and physiological adaptation: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 60, pp.4811-4829, 1996.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, N. , and O. , Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites, 1983.

I. , Fish bone apatite; rechecking the rules of the game: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 64, pp.398-404

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, M. P. Sander, C. , and W. A. , Dinosaur bones: Fossils or pseudomorphs? The pitfalls of physiology reconstruction from apatitic fossils: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 126, pp.161-171, 1996.

C. Lécuyer, Oxygen isotope analysis of phosphates, Handbook of stable isotope analytical techniques, vol.1, pp.482-496, 2004.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, and S. M. Sheppard, Oxygen isotope exchange between dissolved phosphate and water at temperatures <135°C: Inorganic versus biological fractionations: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.63, pp.855-862, 1999.

C. Lécuyer, C. Bogey, J. Garcia, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat et al., Stable isotope composition and rare earth element content of vertebrate remains from the Late Cretaceous of northern Spain (Lano); did the environmental record survive, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 193, pp.457-471, 2003.

C. Lécuyer, F. Fourel, F. Martineau, R. Amiot, A. Bernard et al., High-precision determination of 18 O/ 16 O ratios of silver phosphate by EA-pyrolysis-IRMS continuous fl ow technique, Journal of Mass Spectrometry, vol.42, pp.36-41, 2007.

A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1984.

C. P. Luck, W. , and P. G. , The body temperature of the hippopotamus, Journal of Physiology, vol.147, pp.53-54, 1959.

B. Luz and Y. Kolodny, Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites; IV, Mammal teeth and bones: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 75, pp.29-36, 1985.

B. Luz, Y. Kolodny, and M. Horowitz, Fractionation of oxygen isotopes between mammalian bone-phosphate and environmental drinking water: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, pp.90338-90345, 1984.

M. A. Medeiros, Large theropod teeth from the Eocenomanian of northeastern Brazil and the occurence of Spinosauridae: Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, pp.333-338, 2006.

C. Noirard, M. Le-berre, R. Ramousse, L. , and J. P. , Seasonal variation of thermoregulatory behaviour in the Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), Journal of Ethology, vol.26, pp.191-193, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00257592

E. Pucéat, B. Reynard, C. E. Lécuyer, A. C. Milner, V. B. Xuan et al., Can crystallinity be used to determine the degree of chemical alteration of biogenic apatites?: Chemical Geology, vol.205, pp.892-901, 2004.

J. I. Ruiz-omeñaca, J. I. Canudo, P. Cruzado-caballero, P. Infante, and M. Morenoazanza, Baryonychine teeth (Theropoda: Spinosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of La Cantalera, Kaupia, pp.59-63, 2005.

F. Seebacher, R. M. Elsey, and P. L. Trosclair, Body temperature null distributions in reptiles with nonzero heat capacity: Seasonal thermoregulation in the American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, vol.76, pp.348-359, 2003.

P. C. Sereno, A long-snouted predatory dinosaur from Africa and the evolution of spinosaurids: Science, v. 282, vol.12, pp.1298-1302, 1998.

E. Stromer, Results of the research trip of Prof. E. Stromer in the deserts of Egypt, 1915.

, The original theropod Spinosaurus aegyptiacus nov. gen., nov. spec.: Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, Neue Folge, vol.28, pp.1-32

H. Sues, E. Frey, D. M. Martill, and D. M. Scott, Irritator challengeri, a spinosaurid (Dinosauria; Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.22, pp.535-547, 2002.

P. Taquet, A curious specialisation of the skull of some Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs: The long and narrow snout of spinosaurids: Académie des Sciences Comptes Rendus, ser. IIA, v. 299, pp.217-222, 1984.

P. Taquet, R. , and D. A. , New data on spinosaurid dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of the Sahara: Paris, Académie des Sciences Comptes Rendus, ser. IIA, v. 327, pp.80054-80056, 1998.

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, and A. Mariotti, Experimentally-controlled carbon and oxygen isotope exchange between bioapatites and water under inorganic and microbially-mediated conditions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 68, pp.1-12, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(03)00278-3

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, S. M. Sheppard, P. Grandjean, and A. Mariotti, Diagenesis and the reconstruction of paleoenvironments: A method to restore original ? 18 O values of carbonate and phosphate from fossil tooth enamel: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.68, pp.2245-2258, 2004.

A. , R. Lé-cuyer, C. Buffetaut, E. Fluteau, F. Legendre et al., Latitudinal temperature gradient during the Cretaceous Upper Campanian-Middle Maastrichtian: d 18 O record of continental vertebrates, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.226, pp.255-272, 2004.

A. , R. Lé-cuyer, C. Buffetaut, E. Escarguel, G. Fluteau et al., Oxygen isotopes from biogenic apatites suggest widespread endothermy in Cretaceous dinosaurs, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.246, pp.41-54, 2006.

A. , R. Lé-cuyer, and C. E. Al, Oxygen isotope fractionation between crocodilian phosphate and water, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.243, pp.412-420, 2007.

B. , R. E. Fischer, A. G. Showers, and W. J. , Oxygen isotopes from turtle bone: Application for terrestrial paleoclimates?, Palaios, vol.14, pp.186-191, 1999.

J. Besse and V. Courtillot, Paleogeographic maps of the continents bordering the Indian Ocean since the Early Jurassic, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.93, pp.791-808, 1988.

B. , J. Lé-cuyer, C. Martineau, F. Mazin, and J. , Oxygen isotope compositions of Late Jurassic vertebrate remains from lithographic limestones of western Europe: Implications for the ecology of fish, turtles and crocodilians. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.216, pp.359-375, 2005.

B. , R. E. O&apos;neil, J. R. Garcia, and G. A. , Oxygen isotope systematics of biologically mediated reactions of phosphate, 1997.

I. , Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.61, pp.4411-4422

B. , G. C. Ricci, B. Susella, G. F. Zuppi, and G. M. , Isotope hydrology of the Corsaglia Maritime Alps, Isotope Hydrology, vol.1, pp.327-350, 1978.

B. , D. J. Froelich, and P. N. , A model of oxygen isotope fractionation in body water of large mammals, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.59, pp.4523-4537, 1995.

B. , E. Ingavat, and R. , Unusual theropod dinosaur teeth from the Upper Jurassic of Phu Wiang, Northeastern Thailand. Revue de Paléobiologie, vol.5, pp.217-220, 1986.

B. , E. Suteethorn, and V. , The biogeographical significance of the Mesozoic vertebrates from Thailand, 1998.

, Biogeography and Geological Evolution of SE Asia, pp.83-90

B. , E. Suteethorn, and V. , The dinosaur fauna of the Sao Khua Formation of Thailand and the beginning of the Cretaceous radiation of dinosaurs in Asia, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.150, pp.13-23, 1999.

B. , E. Suteethorn, V. Cuny, G. Tong, H. Le-loeuff et al., The earliest known sauropod dinosaur, Nature, vol.407, pp.72-74, 2000.

B. , E. Suteethorn, V. Le-loeuff, J. Khansubha, S. Tong et al., The dinosaur fauna from the Khok Kruat Formation (Early Cretaceous) of Thailand, Proceedings of the International Conference on Geology, Geotechnology and Mineral Resources of Indochina, pp.575-581, 2005.

B. , E. Suteethorn, V. Tong, and H. , Dinosaur assemblages from Thailand: A comparison with Chinese faunas, Papers from the 2005 Heyuan International Dinosaur Symposium, pp.19-37, 2006.

C. , H. Buffetaut, E. Suteethorn, and V. , A new hybodont shark from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie, pp.659-666, 1990.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00146245

C. , A. Bristow, and C. S. , Linking hinterland evolution and continental basin sedimentation by using detrital zircon thermochronology: A study of the, vol.15, pp.271-285, 2003.

C. , A. J. Milner, and A. C. , Baryonyx, a remarkable new theropod dinosaur, Nature, vol.324, pp.359-361, 1986.

C. , A. J. Milner, and A. C. , Baryonyx walkeri, a fish-eating dinosaur from the Wealden of Surrey. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Geology Series, vol.53, pp.11-70, 1997.

C. , M. T. Koch, and P. L. , Differentiating aquatic mammal habitat and foraging ecology with stable isotope in tooth enamel, Oecologia, vol.129, pp.461-472, 2001.

C. , M. T. Hoppe, K. A. Koch, and P. L. , A paleoecological paradox: The habitat and dietary preferences of the extinct tethythere Desmostylus, inferred from stable isotope analysis, Paleobiology, vol.29, pp.506-519, 2003.

C. , A. B. , L. , B. Schwarcz, and H. P. , Relationship between the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of deer bone and their use in the estimation of relative humidity, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.58, pp.3439-3449, 1994.

C. , R. A. Showers, W. J. Wright, E. K. Hoering, and T. C. , A method for preparation of phosphate samples for oxygen isotope analysis, Analytical Chemistry, vol.63, pp.2397-2400, 1991.

D. , D. Longinelli, and A. , Oxygen isotopes in living mammal's bone phosphate: Further results, Chemical Geology, vol.86, pp.75-82, 1990.

D. and W. , Stable isotopes in precipitation, Tellus, vol.16, pp.436-468, 1964.

E. and G. M. , Daily deposition of dentine in juvenile alligator and assessment of tooth replacement rates using incremental line counts, Journal of Morphology, vol.228, pp.189-194, 1996.

E. and G. M. , Incremental lines of von Ebner in dinosaurs and the assessment of tooth replacement rates using growth line counts, Evolution, vol.93, pp.14623-14627, 1996.

E. , R. Doublet, S. Costeur, L. Galton, P. M. Pé-rez-lorente et al., Were nonavian theropod dinosaurs able to swim? Supportive evidence from an Early Cretaceous trackway, Cameros Basin, Geology, vol.35, pp.507-510, 2007.

F. , L. B. Ehleringer, and J. R. , Stable isotopic composition of stem and leaf water: Applications to the study of plant water use, Functional Ecology, vol.5, pp.270-277, 1991.

F. , J. Olivry, and J. , Gradient isotopique entre 0 et 4000 m dans les précipitations du Mont Cameroun. Réunion Annuelle des Sciences de la Terre, 4, 171. FRAKES, L. A. 1999. Estimating the global thermal state from Cretaceous sea surface and continental temperature data, Special Papers, vol.332, pp.49-57, 1976.

F. , L. A. Francis, and J. E. , A guide to Phanerozoic cold polar climates from high-latitude ice-rafting in the Cretaceous, Nature, vol.333, pp.547-549, 1988.

F. , L. A. Probst, J. Ludwig, and W. , Latitudinal distribution of paleotemperature on land and sea from early Cretaceous to middle Miocene, 1994.

, Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série IIA, vol.318, pp.1209-1218

F. , H. C. Neil, and J. R. , The correlation between 18 O/ 16 O ratios of meteoric water and surface temperature; its use in investigating terrestrial climate change over geologic time, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.170, pp.181-196, 1999.

F. , H. C. Rogers, and R. R. , Multiple taxonmultiple locality approch to providing oxygen isotope evidence for warm-blooded theropod dinosaurs, Geology, vol.28, pp.799-802, 2000.

G. , R. Roche, M. Olivry, J. Fontes, J. Zuppi et al., The altitude effect on the isotopic composition of tropical rains, Chemical Geology, vol.181, pp.147-167, 2001.

H. and L. , Stratigraphy and marine ingressions of the Mesozoic Khorat group in northeastern Thailand, Geologisches Jahrbuch, vol.43, pp.7-35, 1982.

H. and H. , Sedimentäre Entwicklung de Khorat-Gruppe (Ober Trias bis Paläogen) in NE-und N-Thailand. Göttinger Arbeiten zur Geologie und Paläontologie, vol.63, pp.1-146, 1994.

I. Kohn and M. J. , Predicting animal d 18 O: Accounting for diet and physiological adaptation, The GNIP Database. World Wide Web Address, vol.60, pp.4811-4829, 1996.

K. , M. J. Schoeninger, M. J. Valley, and J. W. , Herbivore tooth oxygen isotope compositions; effects of diet and physiology. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.60, pp.3889-3896, 1996.

K. , Y. Luz, B. Navon, and O. , Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites; I, Fish bone apatite; rechecking the rules of the game, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.64, pp.398-404, 1983.

K. , Y. , L. , B. Sander, M. Clemens et al., Dinosaur bones: Fossils or pseudomorphs? The pitfalls of physiology reconstruction from apatitic fossils, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.126, pp.161-171, 1996.

L. É. Cuyer, C. Grandjean, P. O&apos;neil, J. R. Cappetta, H. Martineau et al., Thermal excursions in the ocean at Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): d 18 O record of phosphatic fish debris, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, vol.105, pp.235-243, 1993.

L. É. Cuyer, C. Grandjean, P. Barrat, J. Nolvak, J. Emig et al., d 18 O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods; a comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.62, pp.2429-2436, 1998.

L. É. Cuyer, C. Grandjean, P. Sheppard, and S. M. , Oxygen isotope exchange between dissolved phosphate and water at temperatures ,1358C: Inorganic versus biological fractionations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.63, pp.855-862, 1999.

L. É. Cuyer, C. Bogey, and C. E. Al, Stable isotope composition and rare earth element content of vertebrate remains from the Late Cretaceous of northern Spain (Lano); did the environmental record survive?, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.193, pp.457-471, 2003.

L. É. Cuyer, C. Picard, S. Garcia, J. P. Sheppard, S. M. Grandjean et al., Thermal evolution of Tethyan surface waters during the Middle-Late Jurassic: Evidence from d 18 O values of marine fish teeth, Paleoceanography, vol.18, pp.1076-1091, 2003.

L. , P. H. Lacassin, and R. E. Al, The Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, Tertiary transform boundary of Indochina. Tectonophysics, vol.251, pp.3-10, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01891116

L. and A. , Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate; a new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research?, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1984.

L. , B. Kolodny, and Y. , Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites; IV, Mammal teeth and bones, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.75, pp.29-55, 1985.

L. , B. Kolodny, Y. Horowitz, and M. , Fractionation of oxygen isotopes between mammalian bone-phosphate and environmental drinking water, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, pp.1689-1693, 1984.

M. , M. Matte, and P. E. Al, Tectonics of the Qinling Belt: Build-up and evolution of eastern Asia, Nature, vol.317, pp.496-500, 1985.

M. , C. Heggemann, H. Gouadain, J. Krasidasima, and S. , Geological history of the siliciclastic Mesozoic strata of the Khorat Group in the Phu Phan range area, northeastern Thailand, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biostratigraphy of Mainland Southeast Asia: Facies and Paleontology, pp.23-49, 1993.

O. , J. R. Roe, L. J. , R. , E. Blake et al., A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic phosphate, Israel Journal of Earth-Sciences, vol.43, pp.203-212, 1994.

P. , M. Suteethorn, V. Lutat, P. Buffetaut, E. Cavin et al., Stratigraphical and palaeobiogeographical significance of fossil wood from the Mesozoic Khorat Group of Thailand, Geological Magazine, vol.141, pp.319-328, 2004.

P. and G. D. , The evidence and implications of polar ice during the Mesozoic, Earth-Science Reviews, vol.48, pp.183-210, 1999.

P. At, E. Lé-cuyer, C. Sheppard, S. M. Dromart, S. Reboulet et al., Thermal evolution of Cretaceous Tethyan marine waters inferred from oxygen isotope composition of fish tooth enamels, Paleoceanography, vol.18, pp.7-12, 2003.

P. At, E. , R. , B. Lé-cuyer, and C. , Can crystallinity be used to determine the degree of chemical alteration of biogenic apatites?, Chemical Geology, vol.205, pp.83-97, 2004.

R. , A. Love, M. A. Canham, A. C. Goodall, J. G. Polachan et al., Stratigraphy and reservoir poential of the Mesozoic Khorat Group, Journal of Petroleum Geology, vol.19, pp.5-40, 1996.

R. , L. Franz, and L. E. Al, The SinoKorean-Yangtze suture, the Huwan detachment, and the Paleozoic-Tertiary exhumation of (ultra)highpressure rocks along the Tongbai-Xinxian-Dabie Mountains, Special Papers, vol.403, pp.45-75, 2006.

K. Sato, Y. Liu, Z. Zhu, Y. , Z. Otofujii et al., Palaeomagnetic study of middle Cretaceous rocks from Yunlong, western Yunnan, China: Evidence of southward displacement of Indochina, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.165, pp.1-15, 1999.

S. , U. Oeschger, and H. , Correlation of d 18 O in precipitation with temperature and altitude, Nature, vol.285, pp.314-317, 1980.

S. , T. Rauch, M. Masse, J. P. Graaf, J. Malko? et al., Low-latitude seasonality of Cretaceous temperatures in warm and cold episodes, Nature, vol.437, pp.1341-1344, 2005.

W. H. Straight, R. E. Barrick, and D. A. Eberth, Reflections of surface water, seasonality and climate in stable oxygen isotopes from tyrannosaurid tooth enamel, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.206, pp.239-256, 2004.

T. and P. , Une curieuse spécialisation du crâne de certains dinosaures carnivores du Crétacé, Le museau long et e ´troit des Spinosauridés. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, vol.299, pp.217-222, 1984.

R. Amiot and . Al,

R. Amiot, R. Lécuyer, C. Buffetaut, E. Fluteau, F. Legendre et al., Latitudinal temperature gradient during the Cretaceous Upper Campanian-Middle Maastrichtian: ? 18 O record of continental vertebrates, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.226, pp.255-272, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00132785

L. K. Ayliffe, A. M. Lister, and A. R. Chivas, The preservation of glacial-interglacial climatic signatures in the oxygen isotopes of elephant skeletal phosphate, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.99, pp.179-191, 1992.

M. Balasse, Reconstructing dietary and environmental history from enamel isotopic analysis: time resolution of intra-tooth sequential sampling, Int. J. Osteoarchaeol, vol.12, pp.155-165, 2002.

G. J. Bowen and B. Wilkinson, Spatial distribution of ? 18 O in meteoric precipitation, Geology, vol.30, pp.315-318, 2002.

J. Brugal, Le Bos primigenius Boj., 1827 du Pléistocène moyen des grottes de Lunel-Viel (Hérault), Bull. Mus. Anthr. Préh.Monaco, vol.28, pp.7-62, 1985.

J. Brugal, The Role of Early Humans in the Accumulation of European Lower and Middle Palaeolithic Bone Assemblages, Middle palaeolithic subsistence on large bovids: La Borde and Coudoulous I, vol.42, pp.263-266, 1999.

J. P. Brugal and R. Croitor, Evolution, ecology and biochronology of herbivore associations in Europe during the last 3 millions years, Quaternaire, vol.18, pp.129-151, 2007.

J. D. Bryant, B. Luz, and P. N. Froelich, Oxygen isotopic composition of fossil horse tooth phosphate as a record of continental paleoclimate, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.107, pp.303-316, 1994.

J. D. Bryant, P. N. Froelich, W. J. Showers, and B. J. Genna, Biologic and climatic signals in the oxygen isotope composition of Eocene-Oligocene equid enamel phosphate, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, pp.75-90, 1996.

J. B. Buntjer, M. Otsen, I. J. Nijman, M. T. Kuiper, and J. A. Lenstra, Phylogeny of bovine species based on AFLP fingerprinting, Heredity, vol.88, pp.46-51, 2002.

J. Chaline, Middle and late Pleistocene rodent in, p.411, 1972.

R. Croitor and J. P. Brugal, News insights concerning Early Pleistocene cervids and bovids in Europe: dispersal and correlation, Cour. Forsch.inst. Senckenb, vol.259, pp.47-59, 2007.

R. A. Crowson, W. J. Showers, E. K. Wright, and T. C. Hoering, Preparation of phosphate samples for oxygen isotope analysis, Anal. Chem, vol.63, pp.2397-2400, 1991.

D. Angela, D. Longinelli, and A. , Oxygen isotopes in living mammal's bone phosphate: further results, Chem. Geol, vol.86, pp.75-82, 1990.

W. Dansgaard, Stable isotopes in precipitation, Tellus, vol.16, pp.436-468, 1964.

V. Daux, C. Lécuyer, M. Héran, R. Amiot, L. Simon et al., Oxygen isotope fractionation between human phosphate and water revisited, J. Hum. Evol, vol.55, pp.1138-1147, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00556891

B. A. Davis, S. Brewer, A. C. Stevenson, and J. Guiot, The temperature of Europe during the Holocene reconstructed from pollen data, Quat. Sci. Rev, vol.22, pp.1701-1716, 2003.

P. B. Demenocal, African climate change and faunal evolution during the Pliocene-Pleistocene, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.220, pp.3-24, 2004.

L. L. Eberhardt, Similarity, allometry and food chains, J. Theor. Biol, vol.24, pp.43-55, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/s0022-5193(69)80005-6

S. Fauquette, J. Guio, M. Menut, J. De-beaulieu, M. Reille et al., Vegetation and climate since the last interglacial in the Vienne area (France), Glob. Planet. Change, vol.20, pp.1-17, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/s0921-8181(98)00054-x

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01457626

R. C. Feranec and B. Macfadden, Evolution of the grazing niche in Pleistocene mammals from Florida: evidence from stable isotopes, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.162, pp.155-169, 2000.

H. C. Fricke and J. R. O&apos;neil, Inter-and intra-tooth variation in the oxygen isotope composition of mammalian tooth enamel phosphate: implications for palaeoclimatological and palaeobiological research, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, pp.91-99, 1996.

H. C. Fricke and J. R. O&apos;neil, The correlation between 18 O/ 16 O ratio of meteoric water and surface temperature: its use in investigating terrestrial climate change over geologic time, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.170, pp.181-196, 1999.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, and J. R. O&apos;neil, Intra-tooth variations in ? 18 O (PO 4 ) of mammalian tooth enamel as a record of seasonal variations in continental climate variables, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.62, pp.1839-1850, 1996.

C. Gadbury, L. Todd, A. H. Jahren, and R. Amundson, Spatial and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of bison tooth enamel from the Early Holocene HudsonMeng Bone Bed, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.157, pp.79-93, 2000.

D. Geraads, Phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Bovini (Mammalia: Artiodactyla), 1992.

, Zool. J. Linn. Soc, vol.104, pp.193-207

C. P. Groves, Systematic relationships in the Bovini (Artiodactyla, Bovidae), Z. Zoolog. Syst. Evol.forsch, vol.19, pp.264-278, 1981.

J. Guiot, Methodology of the last climatic cycle reconstruction in France from pollen data, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.80, pp.49-69, 1990.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01457563

R. D. Guthrie, Frozen Fauna of the Mammoth Steppe: The Story of Blue Babe, p.338, 1990.

G. Haynes, Tooth wear rate in northern bison, J. Mammal, vol.65, pp.87-491, 1984.

P. Higgins and B. J. Macfadden, Amount Effect" recorded in oxygen isotopes of Late Glacial horse (Equus) and bison (Bison) teeth from the Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts, Southwestern United States, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.206, pp.337-353, 2004.

S. Hillson, Mammal Bones and Teeth: an Introductory Guide to Methods of Identification. Institute of Archaeology, vol.76, 1992.

K. A. Hoppe, Correlation between the oxygen isotope ratio of North American bison teeth and local waters, implication for paleoclimatic reconstructions, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.244, pp.408-417, 2006.

J. Horita, A. Veda, K. Mizukami, and I. Takatori, Automatic ?D and ? 18 O analyses of multi-water samples using H 2-and CO 2-water equilibration methods with a common equilibration set-up, Appl. Radiat. Isotopes, vol.40, pp.801-805, 1989.

I. Wmo, Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation. The GNIP Database, 2006.

J. Jaubert, B. Kervazo, J. Bahain, J. H. Brugal, and P. Chalard, Données récentes sur les modalités de peuplement et sur le cadre chronostratigraphique, géologique et paléogéographique des industries du Paléolithique ancien et moyen en, Rep., International Series / S1364. Hedges Ltd, pp.227-251, 2005.

P. L. Koch, D. C. Fisher, and D. Dettman, Oxygen isotope variation in the tusks of extinct proboscideans: A measure of season of death and seasonality, Geology, vol.17, pp.515-519, 1989.

M. J. Kohn, Comment: Tooth enamel mineralization in ungulates: implications for recovering a primary isotopic time-series, 2002.

, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, pp.403-405

M. J. Kohn, T. E. Cerling, and D. C. Wahington, Stable isotope compositions of biological apatite, Phosphates. Geochemical, Geobiological and Materials Importance. Review in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, vol.48, pp.455-488, 2002.

M. J. Kohn, M. J. Schoeninger, and J. W. Valley, Herbivore tooth oxygen isotope compositions: effects of diet and physiology, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.3889-3896, 1996.

M. J. Kohn, J. L. Miselis, and T. J. Fremd, Oxygen isotope evidence for progressive uplift of the Cascade Range, Oregon. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.204, pp.151-165, 2002.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, and O. Navon, Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites, I. Fish bone apatite-rechecking the rules of the game, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.64, pp.398-404, 1983.

Z. Krasinski and J. Raczynski, The reproduction biology of European bison living in reserves and freedom, Acta Theriol, vol.12, pp.407-444, 1967.

B. Kurten, Pleistocene Mammals of Europe. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, vol.317, 1968.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. R. O&apos;neil, H. Capetta, and F. Martineau, Thermal excursions in the ocean at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): ? 18 O record of phosphatic fish debris, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.105, pp.235-243, 1993.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat, J. Nolvak, C. Emig et al., ? 18 O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods: a comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.62, pp.2429-2436, 1998.

C. Lécuyer, F. Fourel, F. Martineau, R. Amiot, and V. Daux, High-precision determination of 18 O/ 16 O ratios of silver phosphate by EA-pyrolysis-IRMS continuous flow technique, J. Mass Spectrom, vol.42, pp.36-41, 2007.

A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate: a new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research?, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1984.

A. Longinelli and S. Nuti, Oxygen isotope measurements of phosphate from fish teeth and bones, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.19, pp.373-376, 1973.

B. Luz, Y. Kolodny, and M. Horowitz, Fractionation of oxygen isotopes between mammalian bone-phosphate and environmental drinking water. Geochim. Cosmochim, Acta, vol.48, pp.1689-1693, 1984.

J. N. Mcdonald, North American Bison: Their Classification and Evolution, p.316, 1981.

G. Merceron and S. Madelaine, Molar microwear pattern and palaeoecology of ungulates from La Berbie, environment of Neanderthals and modern human populations of the Middle/Upper Palaeolithic, vol.35, pp.272-278, 2006.

N. Metropolis and S. Ulam, The Monte Carlo method, J. Am. Stat. Assoc, vol.44, issue.247, pp.335-341, 1949.

V. Mosbrugger, T. Uteschert, and D. L. Dilcher, Cenozoic continental climatic evolution of Central Europe, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, vol.102, pp.14964-14969, 2005.

R. M. Nowak, Bison, Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th Ed, pp.1161-1163, 1999.

J. R. O&apos;neil, L. J. Roe, E. Reinhard, and R. E. Blake, A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic phosphates, Isr. J. Earth-Sci, vol.43, pp.203-212, 1994.

B. H. Passey and T. E. Cerling, Tooth enamel mineralization in ungulates: implications for recovering a primary isotopic time-series, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.66, pp.3225-3234, 2002.

C. Pitra, R. Fürbass, and H. Seyfert, Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Bovini (Mammalia: Artiodactyla): alternative placement of the Anoa, J. Evol. Biol, vol.10, pp.589-600, 1997.

C. Reher and G. Frison, The Vore site, a stratified buffalo jump in the Wyoming Black Hills Plains, Anthropol. Mem, vol.16, pp.1-190, 1980.

E. R. Ricciutu, To the Brink of Extinction, 1973.

D. Rousseau, C. Hatté, J. Guiot, D. Duzer, P. Schevin et al., Reconstruction of the Grande Pile Eemian using inverse modeling of biomes and ? 13 C, Quat. Sci. Rev, vol.25, pp.2806-2809, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00339202

K. Rozanski, Deuterium and oxygen-18 in European groundwaters-links to atmospheric circulation in the past, Chem. Geol, vol.52, p.349, 1985.

K. Rozanski, L. Araguás-araguás, and R. Gonfiantini, Relation between long-term trends of oxygen-18 isotope composition of precipitation and climate, Science, vol.258, pp.981-985, 1992.

K. Rozanski, L. Araguás-araguás, and R. Gonfiantini, Isotope pattern in modern global precipitation, 1993.

A. Bernard, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.283, pp.133-143, 2009.

, Continental Isotope Indicators of Climate, AGU Geophysical Monograph. American Geophysical Union, pp.1-36

S. Sharma, M. M. Joachimski, H. J. Tobschall, I. B. Singh, D. P. Tewari et al., Oxygen isotopes of bovid teeth as archives of paleoclimatic variations in archaeological deposits of the Ganga plain, India. Quat. Res, vol.62, pp.19-28, 2004.

Z. D. Sharp and T. E. Cerling, Fossil isotope records of seasonal climate and ecology: straight from the horse's mouth, Geology, vol.26, pp.19-22, 1998.

J. B. Smith and P. Dodson, A proposal for a standard terminology of anatomical notation and orientation in fossil vertebrate dentitions, J. Vertebr. Paleontol, vol.23, pp.1-12, 2003.

W. H. Straight, R. E. Barrick, and D. A. Eberth, Reflections of surface water, seasonality and climate in stable oxygen isotopes from tyrannosaurid tooth enamel, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.206, pp.239-256, 2004.

H. L. Stuart-williams and H. P. Schwarcz, Oxygen isotopic determination of climatic variation using phosphate from beaver bone, tooth enamel, and dentine, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.61, pp.2539-2550, 1997.

E. L. Verkaar, I. J. Nijman, M. Beeke, E. Hanekamp, and J. A. Lenstra, Maternal and paternal lineages in cross-breeding bovine species. Has wisent a hybrid origin?, Mol. Biol. Evol, vol.21, pp.1165-1170, 2004.

U. Von-grafenstein, H. Erlenkeuser, J. Müller, P. Trimborn, and J. Alefs, A 200 year mid-European air temperature record preserved in lake sediments, an extension of the ? 18 O p-air temperature relation into the past, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.4025-4036, 1996.

M. Wegrzyn and S. Serwatkas, Teeth eruption in the European bison, Acta Theriol, vol.29, pp.111-121, 1984.

R. Willink, On using the Monte Carlo method to calculate uncertainty intervals, Metrologia, vol.43, pp.39-42, 2006.

Y. Yurtsever, Worldwide Survey of Stable Isotopes in Precipitation, Intern. Rep. IAEA, p.40, 1975.

A. Zazzo, A. Mariotti, C. Lécuyer, and E. Heintz, Intra-tooth isotope variations in late Miocene bovid enamel from Afghanistan paleobiological, taphonomic, and climatic implications, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.186, pp.145-161, 2002.

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, S. M. Sheppard, P. Grandjean, and A. Mariotti, Diagenesis, and the reconstruction of paleoenvironments: a method to restore original ? 18 O values of carbonate and phosphate from fossil tooth enamel, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, pp.2245-2258, 2004.

A. Bernard, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.283, pp.133-143, 2009.

R. Amiot and R. , Oxygen isotopes from biogenic apatites suggest widespread endothermy in Cretaceous dinosaurs, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.246, issue.1-2, pp.41-54, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00143831

R. Amiot, Oxygen isotope fractionation between crocodilian phosphate and water, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.243, pp.412-420, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00174064

R. E. Barrick, A. G. Fischer, and D. J. Bohaska, Paleotemperatures versus sea-leveloxygen isotope signal from fish bone phosphate of the Miocene Calvert Cliffs, Paleoceanography, vol.8, issue.6, pp.845-858, 1993.

R. E. Barrick, A. G. Fischer, Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, and D. Bohaska, Cetacean bone oxygen isotopes as proxies for Miocene ocean composition and glaciation, Palaios, vol.7, issue.5, pp.521-531, 1992.

R. E. Barrick, A. G. Fischer, and W. J. Showers, Oxygen isotopes from turtle bone: application for terrestrial paleoclimates?, Palaios, vol.14, pp.186-191, 1999.

K. Billups and D. P. Schrag, Paleotemperatures and ice volume of the past 27 Myr revisited with paired Mg/Ca and 18 O/ 16 O measurements on benthic foraminifera, Paleoceanography, vol.17, issue.1, pp.3-4, 2002.

R. E. Blake, J. R. O&apos;-neil, and G. A. Garcia, Oxygen isotope systematics of biologically mediated reactions of phosphate, 1997.

I. , Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.61, issue.20, pp.4411-4422

L. R. Brand, M. Urbina, C. R. Carvajal, and T. J. Devries, Stratigraphy of the Miocene/ Pliocene Pisco Formation in the Pisco Basin, annual meeting, p.160, 2003.

C. A. Brochu and A. D. Rincon, A gavialoid crocodylian from the Lower Miocene of Venezuela, Fossils of the Miocene Castillo Formation, pp.61-80, 2004.

M. Bush and B. A. Gilroy, A bleeding technique for nonpalpable vessels in anesthetized two-toed sloths (Choloepus didactylus)-plus hematological data, Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine, vol.10, pp.26-27, 1979.

H. Cappetta, Elasmobranchii post-Triadici (index specierum et generum), 2006.

, Fossilium Catalogus, vol.142

R. A. Crowson, W. J. Showers, E. K. Wright, and T. C. Hoering, A method for preparation of phosphate samples for oxygen isotope analysis, Analytical Chemistry, vol.63, pp.2397-2400, 1991.

R. E. Fordyce, The evolutionary history of whales and dolphins, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol.22, pp.419-455, 1994.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, J. R. O&apos;neil, and P. D. Gingerich, Evidence for rapid climate change in North America during the latest Paleocene thermal maximum; oxygen isotope compositions of biogenic phosphate from the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming), Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.160, issue.1-2, pp.193-208, 1998.

M. Goffart, The oldest fossil record of the extant penguin genus Spheniscus-a new species from the Miocene of Peru, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol.52, issue.2, pp.285-298, 1971.

B. U. Haq, J. Hardenbol, and P. R. Vail, Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the Triassic, Science, vol.235, issue.4793, pp.1156-1167, 1987.

A. J. Hartley and G. Chong, Late Pliocene age for the Atacama Desert: implications for the desertification of Western America, Geology, vol.30, issue.1, pp.43-46, 2002.

R. G. Johnson and B. T. Mc-clure, A model for Northern Hemisphere continental ice sheet variation, Quaternary Research, vol.6, pp.325-353, 1976.

M. J. Kohn, Predicting animal ? 18 O: accounting for diet and physiological adaptation, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.60, issue.23, pp.4811-4829, 1996.

Y. Kolodny and M. Raab, Oxygen isotopes in phosphatic fish remains from Israel; paleothermometry of tropical Cretaceous and Tertiary shelf waters. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.64, issue.1-2, pp.59-67, 1988.

R. Amiot, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.264, pp.85-92, 2008.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, and O. Navon, Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites, 1983.

I. and F. , Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.64, issue.3, pp.398-404

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, M. Sander, and W. A. Clemens, Dinosaur bones: fossils or pseudomorphs? The pitfalls of physiology reconstruction from apatitic fossils, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.126, pp.161-171, 1996.

R. Kraus, The cranium of Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus n. gen., n. sp. (Gavialidae, Crocodylia) from the Miocene of Peru, Paläontologische Zeitschrift, vol.72, issue.3-4, pp.389-406, 1998.

C. Lecuyer, ? 18 O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods; a comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.62, issue.14, pp.2429-2436, 1998.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. R. O&apos;-neil, H. Cappetta, and F. Martineau, Thermal excursions in the ocean at Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): ? 18 O record of phosphatic fish debris, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.105, pp.235-243, 1993.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, F. Paris, M. Robardet, and D. Robineau, Deciphering "temperature" and "salinity" from biogenic phosphates: the ? 18 O of coexisting fishes and mammals of the Middle Miocene sea of western France, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.126, issue.1-2, pp.61-74, 1996.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, and S. M. Sheppard, Oxygen isotope exchange between dissolved phosphate and water at temperatures b135 °C: inorganic versus biological fractionations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.63, issue.6, pp.855-862, 1999.

C. Lécuyer, Stable isotope composition and rare earth element content of vertebrate remains from the Late Cretaceous of northern Spain (Lano); did the environmental record survive?, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.193, issue.3-4, pp.457-471, 2003.

A. Longinelli and S. Nuti, Revised phosphate-water isotopic temperature scale, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.19, issue.3, pp.373-376, 1973.

G. Mc-donald and C. D. Muizon, The cranial anatomy of Thalassocnus (Xenarthra, Mammalia), a derived Nothrothere from the Neogene of the Pisco Formation (Peru), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.22, issue.2, pp.349-365, 2002.

K. G. Miller, J. D. Wright, and R. G. Fairbanks, Unlocking the ice house: OligoceneMiocene oxygen isotopes, eustasy, and margin erosion, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.96, issue.C2, pp.6829-6848, 1991.

C. D. Muizon, III-Les odontocètes (Cetacea, Mammalia) du Miocène. Travaux de l'Institut Français d'Études Andines 42 Paris, vol.244, p.pp, 1988.

C. D. Muizon and H. Bellon, Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, vol.290, pp.1063-1066, 1981.

C. D. Muizon and T. J. Devries, Geology and paleontology of late Cenozoic marine deposits in the Sacaco area (Peru), Geologische Rundschau, vol.74, issue.3, pp.547-563, 1985.

C. D. Muizon and H. Bellon, Nouvelles données sur l'âge de la Formation Pisco (Pérou), 1986.

, Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires des séances de L'Académie des Sciences, vol.303, pp.1401-1404

C. D. Muizon and G. Mc-donald, An aquatic sloth from the Pliocene of Peru, Nature, vol.375, pp.224-227, 1995.

C. D. Muizon, G. Mc-donald, R. Salas, and M. Urbina, A new early species of the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Miocene of Peru, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.23, issue.4, pp.886-894, 2003.

C. D. Muizon, G. Mc-donald, R. Salas, and M. Urbina, The evolution of feeding adaptation of the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.24, issue.2, pp.398-410, 2004.

C. D. Muizon, G. Mc-donald, R. Salas, and M. Urbina, The youngest species of the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus and a reassessment of the relationships of the Nothrothere sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol.24, issue.2, pp.387-397, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00021857

K. A. Nagy, I. A. Girard, and T. K. Brown, Energetics of free-ranging mammals, reptiles, and birds, Annual Review of Nutrition, vol.19, pp.247-277, 1999.

J. R. O&apos;neil, L. J. Roe, E. Reinhard, and R. E. Blake, A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic phosphate, Israel Journal of Earth-Sciences, vol.43, issue.3-4, pp.203-212, 1994.

E. Pucéat, Thermal evolution of Cretaceous Tethyan marine waters inferred from oxygen isotope composition of fish tooth enamels, Paleoceanography, vol.18, issue.2, pp.7-12, 2003.

W. F. Ruddiman and A. Mc-intyre, Warmth of the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean during northern hemisphere ice-sheet growth, Science, vol.204, pp.173-175, 1979.

W. F. Ruddiman and A. Mc-intyre, Ice-age thermal response and climatic role of the surface Atlantic Ocean, 40°N to 63°N, America Bulletin, vol.95, pp.381-396, 1984.

M. R. Sánchez-villagra, R. Lozsán, J. M. Moody, and M. D. Uhen, New discoveries of vertebrates from a near-shore marine fauna from the Early Miocene of northwestern Venezuela, Paläontologische Zeitschrift, vol.75, pp.227-231, 2001.

H. D. Scher and E. E. Martin, Timing and climatic consequences of the opening of drake passage, Science, vol.312, pp.428-430, 2006.

V. Y. Sergin, Origin and mechanism of large-scale climatic oscillations, Science, vol.209, pp.1477-1482, 1980.

M. Stucchi, Una nueva especie de Spheniscus (Aves: Spheniscidae) de la Formación Pisco, Perú. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica del Perú 94, pp.17-24, 2002.
DOI : 10.4000/bifea.6488

URL : http://journals.openedition.org/bifea/pdf/6541

T. W. Vennemann, E. Hegner, G. Cliff, and G. W. Benz, Isotopic composition of recent shark teeth as a proxy for environmental conditions, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.65, issue.10, pp.1583-1599, 2001.

S. A. Walsh and M. Suárez, First post-Mesozoic record of Crocodyliformes from Chile, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol.50, issue.3, pp.595-600, 2005.

T. M. Williams, J. Haun, R. W. Davis, L. A. Fuiman, and S. Kohin, A killer appetite: metabolic consequences of carnivory in marine mammals, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, pp.785-796, 2001.

L. E. Wright and H. P. Schwarcz, Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in human tooth enamel: identifying breastfeeding and weaning in prehistory, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.106, pp.1-18, 1998.

N. Yoshida and N. Miyazaki, Oxygen isotope correlation of cetacean bone phosphate with environmental water, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.96, issue.C1, pp.815-820, 1991.

J. Zachos, M. Pagani, L. Sloan, E. Thomas, and K. Billups, Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to Present, Science, vol.292, pp.686-693, 2001.

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, and A. Mariotti, Experimentally-controlled carbon and oxygen isotope exchange between bioapatites and water under inorganic and microbiallymediated conditions, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.68, issue.1, pp.1-12, 2004.

R. Amiot, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol.264, pp.85-92, 2008.

P. L. References-altman and D. S. Dittmer, Metabolism. Federation of the American Society of Experimental Biologists, 1968.

S. H. Ambrose and M. J. De-niro, Reconstruction of African human diet using bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope, Nature, vol.319, pp.321-324, 1986.

K. K. Andersen, P. D. Ditlevsen, S. O. Rasmussen, H. B. Clausen, B. M. Vinther et al., Retrieving a common accumulation record from Greenland ice cores for the past 1800 years, J. Geophys. Res, vol.111, issue.D15, p.11, 2006.

V. Balter and L. Simon, Diet and behavior of the Saint-Cé zaire Né anderthal inferred from biogeochemical data inversion, J. Hum. Evol, vol.51, pp.329-338, 2006.

H. Bocherens, D. G. Drucker, D. Billiou, M. Patou-mathis, and B. Vandermeersch, Isotopic evidence for diet and subsidence pattern of the Saint-Cé zaire I Neanderthal: review and use of a multi-source mixing model, J. Hum. Evol, vol.49, pp.71-87, 2005.

H. Bocherens, M. Fizet, A. Mariotti, B. Lange-badré, B. Vandermeersch et al., Isotopic biogeochemistry ( 13 C, 15 N) of fossil vertebrate collagen: implications for the study of fossil food web including Neandertal Man, J. Hum. Evol, vol.20, pp.481-492, 1991.

G. C. Bortolami, B. Ricci, and G. M. Zuppi, Isotope hydrology of Val Corsiglia, Isotope Hydrol, vol.1, pp.327-350, 1978.

G. J. Bowen and J. Revenaugh, Interpolating the isotopic composition of modern meteoric precipitation, Water Resour. Res, vol.39, p.1299, 2003.

G. J. Bowen and B. Wilkinson, Spatial distribution of d 18 O in meteoric precipitation, Geology, vol.30, pp.315-318, 2002.

Y. Chao, K. Telmer, and J. Veizer, Chemical dynamics of the St. Lawrence riverine system: dD H2O , d 18 O H2O , d 13 C H2O , d 34 S sulfate , and dissolved 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.851-866, 1996.

I. D. Clark and P. Fritz, Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology, p.328, 1997.

R. A. Crowson, W. J. Showers, E. K. Wright, and T. C. Hoering, A method for preparation of phosphate samples for oxygen isotope analysis, Anal. Chem, vol.63, pp.2397-2400, 1991.

W. G. Darling, Hydrological factors in the interpretation of stable isotopic proxy data present and past: a European perspective, Quatern. Sci. Rev, vol.23, pp.743-770, 2004.

V. Daux, C. Lé-cuyer, F. Adam, F. Martineau, and F. Vimeux, Oxygen isotope composition of human teeth and the record of climate changes in France (Lorraine) during the last 1700 years, Clim. Change, vol.70, pp.445-464, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00179620

T. L. Dupras and H. P. Schwarcz, Strangers in a strange land: stable isotope evidence for human migration in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. J. Archaeol. Sci, vol.28, pp.1199-1208, 2001.

L. L. Eberhardt, Similarity, allometry and food chains, J. Theor. Biol, vol.24, pp.43-55, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/s0022-5193(69)80005-6

S. Epstein and T. Mayeda, Variations of d 18 O content of water from natural, 1953.

A. Jost, D. Lunt, M. Kageyama, A. Abe-ouchi, O. Peyron et al., High resolution simulations of the last glacial maximum climate over Europe: a solution to discrepancies with continental paleoclimatic reconstructions?, Clim. Dyn, vol.24, pp.577-590, 2005.

M. Kageyama, A. Lainé, A. Abe-ouchi, P. Braconnot, and E. Cortijo, Last glacial maximum temperatures over the North Atlantic, Europe and Western Siberia: a comparison between PMIP models, MARGO sea-surface temperatures and pollen-based reconstructions, Quatern. Sci. Rev, vol.25, pp.2082-2102, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.02.010

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01457694

G. Koehler, L. I. Wassenaar, and M. J. Hendry, An automated technique for measuring dD and d 18 O values of porewater by direct CO 2-and H 2-equilibration, Anal. Chem, vol.72, pp.5659-5664, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/ac000498n

M. J. Kohn, Predicting animal d18O: accounting for diet and physiological adaptation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.4811-4829, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(96)00240-2

M. J. Kohn, M. J. Schoeninger, and J. W. Valley, Herbivore tooth oxygen isotope compositions: effects of diet and physiology, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.3889-3896, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00248-7

J. K. Kozlowski, S. K. Kozlowski, C. Lé-cuyer, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat et al., d 18 O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods: a comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1996.

C. Lé-cuyer, P. Grandjean, and C. C. Emig, Determination of oxygen isotope fractionation between water and phosphate from living lingulids: potential application to palaeo-environmental studies, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, pp.101-108, 1996.

C. Lé-cuyer, P. Grandjean, J. R. O&apos;neil, H. Cappetta, and F. Martineau, Thermal excursions in the ocean at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): the d 18 O record of phosphatic fish debris, 1993.

. Palaeoecol, , vol.105, pp.235-243

J. A. Lee-thorp, N. J. Van-der-merwe, and C. K. Brain, Diet of Australopithecus robustus at Swartkrans from stable carbon isotopic analysis, J. Hum. Evol, vol.27, pp.361-372, 1994.

J. L. Leontiadis, S. Vergis, . Christodoulou, and . Th, Isotope hydrology of areas in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Northern Greece, J. Hydrol, vol.182, pp.1-17, 1996.

A. A. Levinson, B. Luz, and Y. Kolodny, Variations in oxygen isotopic compositions of human teeth and urinary stones, Appl. Geochem, vol.2, pp.367-371, 1987.

A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate: a new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research?, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1984.

B. Luz, Y. Kolodny, and M. Horowitz, Fractionation of oxygen isotopes between mammalian bone-phosphate and environmental drinking water, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.48, pp.1689-1693, 1984.

W. Mü-ller, H. Fricke, A. N. Halliday, M. T. Mcculloch, and J. Wartho, Origin and migration of the Alpin Iceman, Science, vol.302, pp.862-866, 2003.

, OIPC: The Online Isotopes in Precipitation Calculator, 2008.

J. R. O&apos;neil, L. H. Adami, and S. Epstein, Revised value for the 18 O fractionation between CO 2 and H 2 O at 25 C, J. Res. US Geol. Surv, vol.3, pp.623-624, 1975.

J. R. O&apos;neil, J. L. Roe, E. Reinhard, and R. E. Blake, A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic phosphate, Isr. J. Earth Sci, vol.43, pp.203-212, 1994.

M. Patou-mathis, Neanderthal. Une autre humanité, p.342, 2006.
DOI : 10.3917/perri.patou.2014.01

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00361282

M. P. Richards, R. Jacobi, J. Cook, P. B. Pettitt, and C. B. Stringer, Isotope evidence for the intensive use of marine foods by Late Upper Paleolithic humans, J. Hum. Evol, vol.49, pp.390-394, 2005.

M. P. Richards, P. B. Pettitt, E. Trinkaus, F. H. Smith, M. Paunovic et al., Neanderthal diet at Vindija and Neanderthal predation: the evidence from stable isotopes, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.97, pp.7663-7666, 2000.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.120178997

URL : http://www.pnas.org/content/97/13/7663.full.pdf

H. Schmidt, R. A. Werner, and A. Roßmann, 18 O pattern and biosynthesis of natural plant products, Phytochemistry, vol.58, pp.9-32, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00017-6

R. R. Sokal and F. J. Rohlf, Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research, p.887, 1995.

M. Sponheimer, J. Lee-thorp, D. De-ruitter, D. Codron, J. Codron et al., Hominids, sedges and termites: new carbon isotope data from the Sterkfontein valley and Kruger National Park, J. Hum. Evol, vol.48, pp.301-312, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.11.008

URL : http://www.colorado.edu/anthropology/faculty/sponheimer/pdfs/Sponheimeretal2005HomIso.pdf

I. Thiem, M. Lü-pke, and H. Seifert, Factors influencing the 18 O/ 16 O ratio in meat juices, Isot. Environ. Health Stud, vol.40, pp.191-197, 2004.
DOI : 10.1080/10256010410001689899

N. J. Van-der-merwe, J. F. Thackeray, J. A. Lee-thorp, and J. Luyt, The carbon isotope ecology and diet of Australopithecus africanus at Sterkfontein, South Africa, J. Hum. Evol, vol.44, pp.581-597, 2003.

T. W. Vennemann, H. C. Fricke, R. E. Blake, J. R. O&apos;neil, and A. Colman, Oxygen isotope analysis of phosphates: a comparison of techniques for analysis of Ag 3 PO 4, Chem. Geol, vol.185, pp.321-336, 2002.

U. Von-grafenstein, H. Erlenkeuser, J. Mü-ller, P. Trimborn, and J. Alefs, A 200 year mid-European air temperature record preserved in lake sediments: an extension of the d 18 Op-air temperature relation in the past, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.4025-4036, 1996.

E. Weiss, M. E. Kislev, O. Simchoni, and D. Nadel, Small-grained wild grasses as staple food at the 23 000-year-old site of Ohalo II, Israel. Econ. Bot, vol.58, pp.125-134, 2004.
DOI : 10.1663/0013-0001(2004)58[s125:swgasf]2.0.co;2

C. D. White, F. J. Longstaffe, M. W. Spence, and K. R. Law, Teotihuacan state representation at Kaminaljuyú : evidence from oxygen isotopes, J. Anthropol. Res, vol.56, pp.535-558, 2000.

C. D. White, T. D. Price, and F. J. Longstaffe, Residential histories of the human sacrifices at the moon pyramid, Teotihuacan. Ancient Mesoamerica, vol.18, pp.159-172, 2007.

L. E. Wright and H. P. Schwarcz, Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in human tooth enamel: identifying breastfeeding and weaning in prehistory, Am. J. Phys. Anthropol, vol.106, pp.1-18, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199805)106:1<1::aid-ajpa1>3.3.co;2-s

V. Daux, Journal of Human Evolution, vol.55, p.1147, 2008.

, References and Notes

T. Wirth and E. , Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry, Topics in Current Chemistry, vol.224, 2003.

V. V. Zhdankin and P. J. Stang, Chem. Rev, vol.108, 2008.

M. Ochiai and K. Miyamoto, Eur. J. Org. Chem, p.4229, 2008.

T. Dohi and Y. Kita, Chem. Commun, 2009.

, According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry rules, compounds with nonstandard bonding numbers are named using l notation; thus, tri-and penta-valent iodine compounds are designated l 3-and l 5-iodanes

S. Quideau, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, vol.48, p.4605, 2009.

S. M. Altermann, Eur. J. Org. Chem, p.5315, 2008.

T. Dohi, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, vol.47, p.3787, 2008.

M. Uyanik, T. Yasui, and K. Ishihara, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, vol.49, p.2175, 2010.

, For the oxidation of iodide or iodine with hydrogen peroxide, see

I. Matsuzaki, T. Nakajima, and H. A. Liebhafsky, Chem. Lett, vol.3, p.1463, 1974.

D. M. Bowen, J. I. Degraw, V. R. Shah, and W. A. Bonner, J. Med. Chem, vol.6, p.315, 1963.

A. H. Banskota, J. Nat. Prod, vol.61, p.896, 1998.

C. L. Céspedes, A. Uchoa, J. R. Salazar, F. Perich, and F. Pardo, J. Agric. Food Chem, vol.50, p.2283, 2002.

G. Q. Shi, J. Med. Chem, vol.48, p.5589, 2005.

G. Chu, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett, vol.15, p.5114, 2005.

J. L. Cohen, A. Limon, R. Miledi, and A. R. Chamberlin, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett, vol.16, p.2189, 2006.

C. Ito, J. Nat. Prod, vol.69, p.138, 2006.

J. A. Duan, L. Wang, S. Qian, S. Su, and Y. Tang, Arch. Pharm. Res, vol.31, p.965, 2008.

Y. Uozumi, K. Kato, and T. Hayashi, J. Am. Chem. Soc, vol.119, p.5063, 1997.

R. M. Trend, Y. K. Ramtohul, E. M. Ferreira, and B. M. Stoltz, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, vol.42, p.2892, 2003.

S. C. Pelly, S. Govender, M. A. Fernandes, H. Schmalz, and C. B. De-koning, J. Org. Chem, vol.72, p.2857, 2007.

S. Tanaka, T. Seki, and M. Kitamura, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, vol.48, 2009.

, Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online

T. Ooi and K. Maruoka, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, vol.46, 2007.

D. A. Evans, K. R. Fandrick, H. Song, K. A. Scheidt, and R. Xu, J. Am. Chem. Soc, vol.129, p.10029, 2007.

W. A. Bonner, Tetrahedron, vol.20, p.1419, 1964.

, References and Notes

A. F. Bennett, J. W. Hicks, and A. J. Cullum, Evolution, vol.54, p.1768, 2000.

C. P. Hickman, L. S. Roberts, and A. Larson, Integrated Principles of Zoology, 2000.

J. K. Carlson, K. J. Goldman, and C. G. Lowe, Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, pp.203-224, 2004.

F. V. Paladino, M. P. O&apos;connor, and J. R. Spotila, Nature, vol.344, p.858, 1990.

M. E. Lutcavage, P. G. Bushnell, and D. R. Jones, Can. J. Zool, vol.70, p.348, 1992.

B. Heinrich, Integr. Comp. Biol, vol.29, p.1157, 1989.

B. A. Block, J. R. Finnerty, A. F. Stewart, and J. Kidd, Science, vol.260, p.210, 1993.

R. S. Seymour, Plant Cell Environ, vol.27, p.1014, 2004.

V. De-buffrénil and J. Mazin, Paleobiology, vol.16, p.435, 1990.

R. S. Seymour, Nature, vol.262, p.207, 1976.

R. S. Seymour, C. L. Bennett-stamper, S. D. Johnston, D. R. Carrier, and G. C. Grigg, Physiol. Biochem. Zool, vol.77, p.1051, 2004.

R. T. Bakker, Nature, vol.238, p.81, 1972.

P. Wellnhofer, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs (Crescent Books, 1991.

R. Motani, Paleobiology, vol.28, p.251, 2002.

M. J. Benton, Vertebrate Palaeontology, 2005.

R. Motani, Nature, vol.415, p.309, 2002.

J. Wiffen, V. De-buffrénil, A. De-ricqlès, and J. Mazin, Geobios, vol.28, p.625, 1995.

J. A. Massare, J. Vertebr. Paleontol, vol.7, p.121, 1987.

B. P. Kear, Cretac. Res, vol.26, p.769, 2005.

A. Longinelli, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.48, p.385, 1984.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, and O. Navon, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.64, p.398, 1983.

, Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online

T. F. Anderson, B. N. Popp, A. C. Williams, L. Ho, and J. D. Hudson, J. Geol. Soc. London, vol.151, p.125, 1994.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz-;-epstein, H. P. Taylor, and J. R. O&apos;neil, Stable Isotope Geochemistry: A Tribute to Samuel, vol.3, pp.105-119, 1991.

Y. Kolodny and M. Raab, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.64, p.59, 1988.

C. Lécuyer, Paleoceanography, vol.18, p.1076, 2003.

Z. D. Sharp, V. Atudorei, and H. Furrer, Am. J. Sci, vol.300, p.222, 2000.

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, and A. Mariotti, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, p.1, 2004.

M. R. Wadley, G. R. De-oliveira, E. J. Rohling, A. J. Payne, and G. Planet, Change, vol.32, p.89, 2002.

R. Amiot, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.243, p.412, 2007.

R. E. Barrick, A. G. Fischer, and W. J. Showers, Palaios, vol.14, p.186, 1999.

J. A. Massare, Paleobiology, vol.14, p.187, 1988.

J. A. Massare, Mechanics and Physiology of Animal Swimming, pp.133-149, 1994.

P. Morrison, Biol. Bull, vol.123, p.154, 1962.

M. Sander, B. Mcnab, and R. , Seymour for preliminary discussions of these data during the workshop dedicated to "Sauropod gigantism" that was held in Bonn, 2008.

L. Simon and G. , Escarguel helped us in the statistical treatment of data. This study was funded by both

A. J. Boulton, G. D. Fenwick, P. J. Hancock, and M. S. Harvey, Biodiversity, functional roles and ecosystem services of groundwater invertebrates, Invertebrate Systematics, vol.22, pp.103-116, 2008.

T. E. Cerling, L. K. Ayliffe, M. D. Dearing, J. R. Ehleringer, B. H. Passey et al., Determining biological tissue turnover using stable isotopes: the reaction progress variable, Oecologia, vol.151, pp.175-189, 2007.

K. W. Cummins, Trophic relation of aquatic insects, Annual review of entomology, vol.18, pp.183-206, 1973.

K. W. Cummins, Structure and function of stream ecosystems, BioScience, vol.24, pp.631-641, 1974.

K. W. Cummins and M. J. Klug, Feeding ecology of stream invertebrates, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.10, pp.147-172, 1979.

M. Dieterich, N. H. Anderson, and T. M. Anderson, Shredder-collector interactions in temporary streams of western Oregon, Freshwater Biology, vol.38, pp.387-393, 1997.

-. Dole and P. Marmonier, Patch distribution of interstitial communities: prevailing factors, Freshwater Biology, vol.27, pp.177-191, 1992.

A. Foulquier, L. Simon, F. Gilbert, F. Fourel, F. Malard et al., Relative influences of DOC flux and subterranean fauna on microbial abundance and activity in aquifer sediments: new insights from 13C-tracer experiments, Freshwater Biology, vol.55, pp.1560-1576, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00520932

R. France, H. Culbert, C. Freeborough, and R. Peters, Leaching and early mass loss of boreal leaves and wood in oligotrophic water, Hydrobiologia, vol.345, pp.209-214, 1997.

J. Fruget, L'aménagement du bas-Rhône. Evolution du fleuve et influence sur les peuplements de macroinvertébrés benthiques, 1989.

R. Gergs and K. O. Rothhaupt, Feeding rates, assimilation efficiencies and growth of two amphipod species on biodeposited material from zebra mussels, Freshwater Biology, vol.53, pp.2494-2503, 2008.

M. O. Gessner, E. Chauvet, and M. Dobson, A perspective on leaf litter breakdown in streams, Oikos, vol.85, pp.377-384, 1999.

K. Grashoff, M. Ehrhardt, and K. Kremling, Methods of Seawater Analysis, 1983.

F. Hervant, J. Mathieu, H. Barré, K. Simon, and C. Pinon, Comparative study on the behavioral, ventilatory, and respiratory responses of hypogean and epigean crustaceans to long-term starvation and subsequent feeding, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A, vol.118, pp.1277-1283, 1997.

K. Hü, The role of metabolism in the evolution of cave animals, Bulletin of the National Speleological Society, vol.47, pp.136-146, 1985.

J. P. Wotton and R. S. , Shredder fecal pellets as stores of allochtonous organic matter in streams, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.27, pp.521-528, 2008.

P. Joyce, L. L. Warren, and R. S. Wotton, Faecal pellets in streams: their binding, breakdown and utilization, Freshwater Biology, vol.52, pp.1868-1880, 2007.

T. Lefébure, C. J. Douady, F. Malard, and J. Gibert, Testing dispersal and cryptic diversity in a widely distributed groundwater amphipod (Niphargus rhenorhodanensis), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, vol.42, pp.676-686, 2007.

M. Leichtfried, The energy basis of the consumer community in streams yesterday, today and tomorrow, International Review of Hydrobiology, vol.92, pp.363-377, 2007.

J. Mathieu and K. Essafi-chergui, Le peuplement aquatique interstitiel a ` l'interface karst ? plaine alluviale. Cas d'une alimentation en eau essentiellement karstique, Mémoire de Biospéologie, vol.17, pp.113-122, 1990.

, Freshwater Biology, vol.56, pp.481-490

R. Boggs and C. L. , Reproductive allocation from reserves and income in butterfly species with differing adult diets, Ecology, vol.78, pp.181-191, 1997.

M. Bonnet-masimbert, Biologie florale et cycle de reproduction de quelques arbres forestiers. Douglas, pin sylvestre, che?ne. Pollinisation et productions ve´ge´tales, pp.219-242, 1984.

J. Casas, R. M. Nisbet, S. Swarbrick, and W. W. Murdoch, Eggload dynamics and oviposition rate in a wild population of a parasitic wasp, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.69, pp.185-193, 2000.

J. Casas, S. Pincebourde, N. Mandon, F. Vannier, R. Poujol et al., Lifetime nutrient dynamics reveal simultaneous capital and income breeding in a parasitoid, Ecology, vol.86, pp.545-554, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00014358

J. Casas, F. Vannier, N. Mandon, J. P. Delbecque, D. Giron et al., Mitigation of egg limitation in parasitoids: immediate hormonal response and enhanced oogenesis after host use, Ecology, vol.90, pp.537-545, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00412247

P. Chesson, Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.31, pp.343-366, 2000.

P. Chesson, R. L. Gebauer, S. Schwinning, N. Huntly, K. Wiegand et al., Resource pulses, species interactions, and diversity maintenance in arid and semi-arid environments, Oecologia, vol.141, pp.236-253, 2004.

R. Coutin, Original characteristics of the evolving cycles of some European weevil species: Curculio elephas Gyll, vol.35, pp.259-266, 1992.

M. J. Deniro and S. Epstein, Influence of diet on the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.42, pp.495-506, 1978.

M. J. Deniro and S. Epstein, Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.45, pp.341-351, 1981.

A. F. Dixon, S. Horth, and P. Kindlmann, Migration in insects: cost and strategies, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.62, pp.182-190, 1993.

J. Ellers and M. A. Jervis, Body size and the timing of egg production in parasitoid wasps, Oikos, vol.102, pp.164-172, 2003.

J. Ellers and M. A. Jervis, Why are so few parasitoid wasp species proovigenic?, Evolutionary Ecology Research, vol.6, pp.993-1002, 2004.

J. Ellers, J. G. Sevenster, and G. Driessen, Egg load evolution in parasitoids, The American Naturalist, vol.156, pp.650-665, 2000.

J. Ellers and J. J. Van-alphen, Life history evolution in Asobara tabida: plasticity in allocation of fat reserves to survival and reproduction, Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol.10, pp.771-785, 1997.

B. Fischer, U. Dieckmann, and B. Taborsky, When to store energy in a stochastic environment, Evolution, vol.65, pp.1221-1232, 2010.

K. Fischer, D. M. O&apos;brien, and C. L. Boggs, Allocation of larval and adult resources to reproduction in a fruit-feeding butterfly, Functional Ecology, vol.18, pp.656-663, 2004.

B. Fischer, B. Taborsky, and U. Dieckmann, Adaptive dynamics of dormancy duration variability: evolutionary trade-off and priority effect lead to suboptimal adaptation, The American Naturalist, vol.173, pp.1879-1892, 2009.

, Ó 2011 The Authors. Functional Ecology Ó 2011 British Ecological Society, vol.26, pp.198-206

G. Heimpel, Egg limitation in parasitoids: a review of the evidence and a case study, Biological Control, vol.11, pp.160-168, 1998.

A. Hoffmann, R. Nowotny, and B. G. Knols, Fe´de´rationFe´de´Fe´de´ration Franc¸aiseFranc¸aise des Socie´te´sSocie´te´Socie´te´s de, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol.124, pp.3-16, 1954.

A. I. Houston, P. A. Stephens, I. L. Boyd, K. C. Harding, and J. M. Mcnamara, Capital or income breeding? A theoretical model of female reproductive strategies, Behavioral Ecology, vol.18, pp.241-250, 2006.

J. Hughes and A. P. Vogler, The phylogeny of acorn weevils (genus Curculio) from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences: the problem of incomplete data, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, vol.32, pp.601-615, 2004.

R. Ihaka and R. Gentleman, R: a language for data analysis and graphics, Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, vol.5, pp.299-314, 1996.

R. Inger and S. Bearhop, Applications of stable isotope analyses to avian ecology, Ibis, vol.150, pp.447-461, 2008.

M. A. Jervis, C. L. Boggs, and P. N. Ferns, Egg maturation strategy and its associated trade-offs: a synthesis focusing on Lepidoptera, Ecological Entomology, vol.30, pp.359-375, 2005.

M. A. Jervis, J. Ellers, and J. A. Harvey, Resource acquisition, allocation, and utilization in parasitoid reproductive strategies, Annual Review of Entomology, vol.53, pp.361-385, 2008.

M. A. Jervis and P. N. Ferns, The timing of egg maturation in insects: ovigeny index and initial egg load as measures of fitness and of resource allocation, Oikos, vol.107, pp.449-461, 2004.

M. A. Jervis, G. E. Heimpel, P. N. Ferns, J. A. Harvey, and N. A. Kidd, Life-history strategies in parasitoid wasps: a comparative analysis of 'ovigeny', Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.70, pp.442-458, 2001.

D. Kelly and V. L. Sork, Mast seeding in perennial plants: why, how, where?, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.33, pp.427-447, 2002.

A. Liebhold, V. L. Sork, M. Peltonen, O. N. Bjørnstad, R. Westfall et al., Within-population spatial synchrony in mast seeding of North American oaks, Oikos, vol.104, pp.156-164, 2004.

M. W. Lorenz, Oogenesis-flight syndrome in crickets: age-dependent egg production, flight performance, and biochemical composition of the flight muscles in adult female Gryllus bimaculatus, Journal of Insect Physiology, vol.53, pp.819-832, 2007.

T. A. Markow, S. Anwar, and E. Pfeiler, Stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in natural populations of Drosophila species and their hosts, Functional Ecology, vol.14, pp.261-266, 2000.

F. Menu and D. Debouzie, Coin-flipping plasticity and prolonged diapause in insects: example of the chestnut weevil Curculio elephas (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Oecologia, vol.93, pp.367-373, 1993.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00698054

F. Menu and E. Desouhant, Bet-hedging for variability in life cycle duration: bigger and later-emerging chestnut weevils have increased probability of a prolonged diapause, Oecologia, vol.132, pp.167-174, 2002.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00427320

F. Menu, J. P. Roebuck, and M. Viala, Bet-hedging diapause strategies in stochastic environments, The American Naturalist, vol.155, pp.724-734, 2000.

K. J. Min, M. F. Hogan, M. Tatar, and D. M. O&apos;brien, Resource allocation to reproduction and soma in Drosophila: a stable isotope analysis of carbon from dietary sugar, Journal of Insect Physiology, vol.52, pp.763-770, 2006.

D. M. O&apos;brien, C. L. Boggs, and M. L. Fogel, Making eggs from nectar: the role of life history and dietary carbon turnover in butterfly reproductive resource allocation, Oikos, vol.105, pp.279-291, 2004.

D. M. O&apos;brien, M. L. Fogel, and C. L. Boggs, Renewable and nonrenewable resources: amino acid turnover and allocation to reproduction in Lepidoptera, Proceedings of the, vol.99, pp.4413-4418, 2002.

D. R. Papaj, Ovarian dynamics and host use, Annual Review of Entomology, vol.45, pp.423-448, 2000.

P. F. Peíisson, H. Henri, M. C. Bel-venner, R. Allemand, A. Merville et al., Identification at the larval stage of four Curculio species coexisting on oak trees using PCR-RFLP, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol.138, pp.77-82, 2011.

N. Perrin and R. M. Sibly, Dynamic models of energy allocation and investment, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.24, pp.379-410, 1993.

R. Richard and J. Casas, Stochasticity and controllability of nutrient sources in foraging: host-feeding and egg resorption in parasitoids, Ecological Monographs, vol.79, pp.465-483, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00412257

A. Rivero and J. Casas, Incorporating physiology into parasitoid behavioral ecology: the allocation of nutritional resources. Researches on Population Ecology, vol.41, pp.39-45, 1999.

A. Rivero, D. Giron, and J. Casas, Lifetime allocation of juvenile and adult nutritional resources to egg production in a holometabolous insect, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, vol.268, pp.1231-1237, 2001.

A. P. Rivero-lynch and H. C. Godfray, The dynamics of egg production, oviposition and resorption in a parasitoid wasp, Functional Ecology, vol.11, pp.184-188, 1997.

J. A. Rosenheim, Stochasticity in reproductive opportunity and the evolution of egg limitation in insects, Evolution, vol.65, pp.2300-2312, 2011.

J. A. Rosenheim, G. E. Heimpel, and M. Mangel, Egg maturation, egg resorption and the costliness of transient egg limitation in insects, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, vol.267, pp.1565-1573, 2000.

M. E. Schauff, Collecting and preserving insects and mites: techniques & tools. Museum of Washington, 1986.

P. Stephens, I. Boyd, J. M. Mcnamara, and A. I. Houston, Capital breeding and income breeding: their meaning, measurement, and worth, Ecology, vol.90, pp.2057-2067, 2009.

M. R. Strand and J. Casas, Parasitoid and host nutritional physiology in behavioral ecology, Behavioral ecology of insect parasitoids, pp.113-128, 2008.

T. Tammaru and E. Haukioja, Capital breeders and income breeders among Lepidoptera-consequences to population dynamics, Oikos, vol.77, pp.561-564, 1996.

R. Tomassone, M. Danzard, J. J. Daudin, and J. P. Masson, Discrimination et classement, 1988.

S. Venner, P. F. Peíisson, M. C. Bel-venner, F. De´biasde´bias, E. Rajon et al., Coexistence of insect species competing for a pulsed resource: toward a unified theory of biodiversity in fluctuating environments, PLoS ONE, vol.6, p.18039, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00698304

D. A. Warner, X. Bonnet, K. A. Hobson, and R. Shine, Lizards combine stored energy and recently acquired nutrients flexibly to fuel reproduction, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.77, pp.1242-1249, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00339627

F. J. Wessels, D. C. Jordan, and D. A. Hahn, Allocation from capital and income sources to reproduction shift from first to second clutch in the flesh fly, Sarcophaga crassipalpis, Journal of insect physiology, vol.56, pp.1269-1274, 2010.

A. J. Zera, Intermediary metabolism and life history trade-offs: lipid metabolism in lines of the wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus, selected for flight capability vs. early age reproduction, Integrative and Comparative Biology, vol.45, pp.511-524, 2005.

S. V. Alexeeva, L. P. Borisov, V. N. Shouakar-stash, O. Frape, S. K. Chabaux et al., Isotopic composition (H, O, Cl, Sr) of ground brines of the Siberian Platform, Russ. Geol. Geophys, vol.48, pp.225-236, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00230248

C. Bourg, M. Stievenard, and J. Jouzel, Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of aqueous salt solutions by gas-water equilibration method, Chem. Geol, vol.173, pp.331-337, 2001.

G. Chiodini, L. Marini, and M. Russo, Geochemical evidence for the existence of hightemperature hydrothermal brines at Vesuvio volcano, Italy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.65, pp.2129-2147, 2001.

D. R. Cole and D. J. Wesolowski, Influence of NaCl aqueous solutions on isotopic equilibria and rates of exchange in mineral-fluid systems, Trans. Geotherm. Res. Council, vol.13, pp.227-234, 1989.

H. Craig and L. I. Gordon, Deuterium and oxygen-18 variations in the ocean and the marine atmosphere, Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies and Paleotemperatures, pp.9-130, 1965.

S. Epstein and T. K. Mayeda, Variation in O 18 content of waters from natural sources, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.4, pp.213-224, 1953.

H. M. Feder and H. Taube, Ionic hydration: an isotopic fractionation technique, J. Chem. Phys, vol.20, pp.1335-1336, 1952.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1700749

S. M. Fortier, An on-line experimental/analytical method for measuring the kinetics of oxygen isotope exchange between CO 2 and saline/hypersaline salt solutions at low (25-50 °C) temperatures, Chem. Geol, vol.116, pp.155-162, 1994.

J. Horita, A. Ueda, K. Mizukami, and I. Takatori, Automatic ?D and ? 18 O analyses of multi-water samples using H 2-and CO 2-water equilibration methods with a common equilibration set-up, Appl. Radiat. Isotopes, vol.40, pp.801-805, 1989.

J. Horita, D. R. Cole, and D. J. Wesolowski, The activity-composition relationship of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in aqueous salt solutions: III. Vapor-liquid water equilibration of NaCl solutions to 350 °C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.59, pp.1139-1151, 1995.

M. Kakiuchi and S. Matsuo, Fractionation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes between hydrated and free water molecules in aqueous urea solution, J. Phys. Chem, vol.89, pp.4627-4632, 1985.

K. Kazahaya, Chemical and isotopic studies on hydrothermal solutions, Tokyo Inst. Techn, p.185, 1986.

W. Kloppmann, J. Girard, . Négrel, and . Ph, Exotic stable isotope compositions of saline waters and brines from the crystalline basement, Chem. Geol, vol.184, pp.49-70, 2002.

B. Ladouche, . Weng, and . Ph, Hydrochemical assessment of the Rochefort marsh: role of surface and groundwater in the hydrological functioning of the wetland, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00676768

, J. Hydrol, vol.314, pp.22-42

K. T. Mccarthy, T. Pichler, and R. E. Price, Geochemistry of Champagne Hot Springs shallow hydrothermal vent field and associated sediments, Dominica, Lesser Antilles, Chem. Geol, vol.224, pp.55-68, 2005.

F. Millero, F. Huang, T. Graham, and D. Pierrot, The dissociation of carbonic acid in NaCl solutions as a function of concentration and temperature, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.71, pp.46-55, 2007.

J. R. O&apos;neil and L. H. Adami, The oxygen isotope partition function ratio of water and the structure of liquid water, J. Phys. Chem, vol.73, pp.1553-1558, 1969.

J. R. O&apos;neil, A. H. Truesdell, H. P. Taylor, J. R. O&apos;neil, and . Kaplan, Oxygen isotope fractionation studies of solute-water interactions, The Geochemical Society, vol.3, pp.17-25, 1991.

M. C. Pierret, N. Clauer, D. Bosch, G. Blanc, and C. France-lanord, Chemical and isotopic ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, ? 18 O, ?D) constraints to the formation processes of Red-Sea brines, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.65, pp.1259-1275, 2001.

F. Risacher, H. Alonso, and C. Salazar, The origin of brines and salts in Chilean salars: a hydrochemical review, Earth Sci. Rev, vol.63, pp.249-293, 2003.

Z. Sofer and J. R. Gat, Activities and concentrations of oxygen-18 in concentrated aqueous salt solutions: analytical and geophysical implications, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.15, pp.232-238, 1972.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821x(72)90168-9

H. Taube, Use of oxygen isotope effects in the study of hydrated ions, J. Chem. Phys, vol.58, pp.523-528, 1954.

A. H. Truesdell, Oxygen isotope activities and concentrations in aqueous salt solutions at elevated temperatures: consequences for isotope geochemistry, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.23, pp.387-396, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821x(74)90128-9

C. Lécuyer, Chemical Geology, vol.264, pp.122-126, 2009.

F. Martineau, Chemical Geology, vol.291, pp.236-240, 2012.

C. References-bourg, M. Stievenard, and J. Jouzel, Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of aqueous salt solutions by gas-water equilibration method, Chemical Geology, vol.173, pp.331-337, 2001.

E. Cerrai, R. Marchetti, R. Renzoni, L. Roseo, M. Silvestri et al., A thermal method for concentrating heavy water, Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium, vol.50, pp.271-280, 1954.

M. Cohn and H. C. Urey, Oxygen exchange reactions of organic compounds and water, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.60, pp.679-682, 1938.

M. L. Coleman, T. J. Shepherd, J. J. Durham, J. E. Rouse, and G. R. Moore, Reduction of water with zinc for hydrogen isotope analysis, Analytical Chemistry, vol.54, pp.993-995, 1982.

T. B. Coplen, J. D. Wildman, and J. Chen, Improvements in the gaseous hydrogenwater equilibration technique for hydrogen isotope ratio analysis, Analytical Chemistry, vol.63, pp.910-912, 1991.

H. Craig and L. I. Gordon, Deuterium and oxygen-18 variations in the ocean and the marine atmosphere, Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies and Paleotemperatures. Lab, pp.9-130, 1965.

J. P. Dugan, J. Borthwick, R. S. Harmon, M. A. Gagnier, J. E. Glahn et al., Guanidine hydrochloride method for determination of water isotope ratios and the oxygen-18 fractionation between carbon dioxide and water at 25 °C, Analytical Chemistry, vol.57, pp.1734-1736, 1985.

H. M. Feder and H. Taube, Ionic hydration: an isotopic fractionation technique, Journal of Chemical Physics, vol.20, pp.1335-1336, 1952.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1700749

S. M. Fortier, An on-line experimental/analytical method for measuring the kinetics of oxygen isotope exchange between CO 2 and saline/hypersaline salt solutions at low (25-50 °C) temperatures, Chemical Geology, vol.116, pp.155-162, 1994.

M. Gehre, R. Hoefling, P. Kowski, and G. Strauch, Sample preparation device for quantitative hydrogen isotope analysis using chromium metal, Analytical Chemistry, vol.68, pp.4414-4417, 1996.

J. Horita, Hydrogen isotope analysis of natural waters using an H 2-water equilibration method: a special implication to brines, Chemical Geology, vol.72, pp.89-94, 1988.

J. Horita, Analytical aspects of stable isotopes in brines, Chemical Geology, vol.79, pp.107-112, 1989.

J. Horita, A. Ueda, K. Mizukami, and I. Takatori, Automatic ?D and ? 18 O analyses of multi-water samples using H 2-and CO 2-water equilibration methods with a common equilibration set-up, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, vol.40, pp.801-805, 1989.

J. Horita, D. R. Cole, and D. J. Wesolowski, The activity composition relationship of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in aqueous salt solutions, II. Vapor-liquid water equilibration of mixed salt solutions from 50 to 100 °C and geochemical implications, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.57, pp.4703-4711, 1993.

J. Horita, D. R. Cole, and D. J. Wesolowski, The activity-composition relationship of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in aqueous salt solutions: III. Vapor-liquid water equilibration of NaCl solutions to 350 °C, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.59, pp.1139-1151, 1995.

K. Kazahaya, Chemical and isotopic studies on hydrothermal solutions, Tokyo Inst. Techn, p.185, 1986.

C. Kendall and T. B. Coplen, Multisample conversion of water to hydrogen by zinc for stable isotope determination, Analytical Chemistry, vol.57, pp.1437-1440, 1985.

C. Lécuyer, V. Gardien, T. Rigaudier, F. Fourel, F. Martineau et al., Oxygen isotope fractionation and equilibration kinetics between CO 2 and H 2 O as a function of salinity of aqueous solutions, Chemical Geology, vol.264, pp.122-126, 2009.

K. T. Mccarthy, T. Pichler, and R. E. Price, Geochemistry of Champagne Hot Springs shallow hydrothermal vent field and associated sediments, Dominica, Lesser Antilles, Chemical Geology, vol.224, pp.55-68, 2005.

J. Morrison, T. Brockwell, T. Merren, F. Fourel, and A. Philipps, On-line highprecision stable hydrogen isotopic analyses on nanolitre water samples, Analytical Chemistry, vol.73, pp.3570-3575, 2001.
DOI : 10.1021/ac001447t

J. R. O&apos;neil and L. H. Adami, The oxygen isotope partition function ratio of water and the structure of liquid water, Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.73, pp.1553-1558, 1969.

J. R. O&apos;neil and A. H. Truesdell, Oxygen isotope fractionation studies of solute-water interactions, stable isotope geochemistry: a tribute to Samuel Epstein, pp.17-25, 1991.

P. Richet, Y. Bottinga, and M. Javoy, A review of H, C, N, S and Cl stable isotope fractionation among gaseous molecules, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol.5, pp.65-110, 1977.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.ea.05.050177.000433

J. H. Rolston, J. Den-hartog, and J. P. Butler, The deuterium isotope separation factor between hydrogen and liquid water, Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.80, pp.1064-1067, 1976.
DOI : 10.1021/j100551a008

Z. Sofer and J. R. Gat, Activities and concentrations of oxygen-18 in concentrated aqueous salt solutions: analytical and geophysical implications, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.15, pp.232-238, 1972.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821x(72)90168-9

H. E. Suess, Das Gleichgewicht H 2 + HDO = HD + H 2 O und die weiteren Austauschgleichgewichte im System H 2 , D 2 und H 2 O. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung 4a, pp.328-332, 1949.

H. Taube, Use of oxygen isotope effects in the study of hydrated ions, Journal of Chemical Physics, vol.58, pp.523-528, 1954.

A. H. Truesdell, Oxygen isotope activities and concentrations in aqueous salt solutions at elevated temperatures: consequences for isotope geochemistry, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.23, pp.387-396, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821x(74)90128-9

W. Yang, H. R. Krouse, and R. J. Spencer, Improved techniques for stable isotope analyses of microlitre quantities of water from fluid inclusions in halite and concentrated brines, Chemical Geology, vol.130, pp.139-145, 1996.

F. Martineau, Chemical Geology, vol.291, pp.236-240, 2012.

R. Amiot, C. Lécuyer, G. Escarguel, J. Billon-bruyat, E. Buffetaut et al., Oxygen isotope fractionation between crocodilian phosphate and water, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.243, pp.412-420, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00174064

T. Aoba and E. C. Moreno, The enamel fluid in the early secretory stage of porcine amelogenesis: chemical composition and saturation with respect to enamel mineral, Calcif. Tissue Int, vol.41, pp.86-94, 1987.

T. Arnett, Regulation of bone cell function by acid-base balance, Proc. Nutr. Soc, vol.62, pp.511-520, 2003.

C. Lécuyer, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.74, pp.2072-2081, 2010.

T. Arnett and M. Spowage, Modulation of the resorptive activity of rat osteoclasts by small changes in extracellular pH near the physiological range, Bone, vol.18, pp.277-279, 1996.

L. L. Arppe and J. A. Karhu, Implications for the late Pleistocene climate in Finland and adjacent areas from the isotopic composition of mammoth skeletal remains. Palaeogeogr, Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.231, pp.322-330, 2006.

A. Auclair, M. M. Joachimski, and C. Lécuyer, Deciphering kinetic, metabolic, and environmental controls on stable isotope fractionations between seawater and the shell of Terebretalia transversa (Brachiopoda), Chem. Geol, vol.202, pp.59-78, 2003.

M. Balasse, Reconstructing dietary and environmental history from enamel isotopic analysis: time resolution of intra-tooth sequential sampling, Int. J. Osteoarchaeol, vol.12, pp.155-165, 2002.

V. Balter and C. Lécuyer, Determination of Sr and Ba partition coefficients between apatite and water from 5 °C to 60 °C: a potential new thermometer for aquatic paleoenvironments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, pp.423-432, 2004.

R. E. Blake, J. R. O&apos;neil, and G. A. Garcia, Oxygen isotope systematics of biologically mediated reactions of phosphate: I. Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.61, pp.4411-4422, 1997.

H. Bocherens, M. Mashkourb, D. Billiou, E. Pelléc, and A. Mariotti, A new approach for studying prehistoric herd management in arid areas: intra-tooth isotopic analyses of archaeological caprine from Iran, C. R. Acad. Sci, vol.332, pp.67-74, 2001.

W. S. Broecker and T. H. Peng, Tracers in the Sea, p.690, 1982.

J. D. Bryant, B. Luz, and P. N. Froelich, Oxygen isotopic composition of fossil horse tooth phosphate as a record of continental paleoclimate, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.107, pp.303-313, 1994.

J. D. Bryant, P. L. Koch, P. N. Froelich, W. J. Showers, and B. J. Genna, Oxygen isotope partitioning between phosphate and carbonate in mammalian apatite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.5145-5148, 1996.

M. Cohn and H. C. Urey, Oxygen exchange reactions of organic compounds and water, J. Am. Chem. Soc, vol.60, pp.679-682, 1938.

G. Daculsi, J. M. Bouler, and R. Z. Legeros, Adaptive crystal formation in normal and pathological calcifications in synthetic calcium phosphate and related biomaterials, Int. Rev. Cytol, vol.172, pp.129-191, 1997.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02142580

V. Daux, C. Lécuyer, F. Adam, F. Martineau, and F. Vimeux, Oxygen isotope composition of human teeth and the record of climate changes in France (Lorraine) during the last 1700 years, Clim. Change, vol.70, pp.445-464, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00179620

M. D. Fallon, T. Cohn, J. T. Fujita, R. V. Potts, and . Talmage, Bone resorbing fluid from osteoclasts is acidic: an in vitro micropuncture study, Endocrine Control of Bone and Calcium Metabolism, vol.8, pp.144-146, 1984.

R. S. Feranec and B. J. Macfadden, Evolution of the grazing niche in Pleistocene mammals from Florida: evidence from stable isotopes, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.162, pp.155-169, 2000.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, J. R. O&apos;neil, and P. D. Gingerich, Evidence for rapid climate change in North America during the latest Paleocene thermal maximum: oxygen isotope compositions of biogenic phosphate from the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.160, pp.193-208, 1998.

I. Friedman and J. R. Neil, Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest, Data of Geochemistry, 1977.

C. Gadbury, L. Todd, A. H. Jahren, and R. Amundson, Spatial and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of bison tooth enamel from the Early Holocene Hudson-Meng Bone Bed, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.157, pp.79-93, 2000.

E. L. Grossman and T. Ku, Oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation in biogenic aragonite: temperature effects, Isot. Geosci. Sect, vol.59, pp.59-74, 1986.

K. A. Hoppe, Correlation between the oxygen isotope ratio of North American bison teeth and local waters: implication for paleoclimatic reconstructions, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.244, pp.408-417, 2006.

P. Iacumin, D. Cominotto, and A. Longinelli, A stable isotope study of mammal skeletal remains of mid-Pleistocene age, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, pp.151-160, 1996.

J. S. Ambrose, S. H. Evershed, and R. P. , Stable carbon isotopic evidence for differences in the dietary origin of bone cholesterol, collagen and apatite: implications for their use in palaeodietary reconstruction, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, pp.61-72, 2004.

M. M. Joachimski and W. Buggisch, Conodont apatite d 18 O signatures indicate climatic cooling as a trigger of the Late Devonian mass extinction, Geology, vol.30, pp.711-714, 2002.

W. Kaim and B. Schewderski, Bioinorganic chemistry: inorganic elements in the chemistry of life. An introduction and guide, p.414, 1994.

S. Kim and J. R. Neil, Equilibrium and nonequilibrium oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.61, pp.3461-3475, 1997.

P. L. Koch, N. Tuross, and M. L. Fogel, The effects of sample treatment and diagenesis on the isotopic integrity of carbonate in biogenic hydroxyapatite, J. Archaeol. Sci, vol.24, pp.417-429, 1997.

L. Kocsis, T. W. Vennemann, and D. Fontignie, Migration of sharks into freshwater systems during the Miocene and implications for Alpine paleoelevation, Geology, vol.35, pp.451-454, 2007.

M. J. Kohn, Predicting animal d 18 O: accounting for diet and physiological adaptation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.60, pp.4811-4829, 1996.

M. J. Kohn and T. E. Cerling, Stable isotope compositions of biological apatite. In Phosphates, Geochemical, Geobiological, and Materials Importance, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, vol.48, pp.455-488, 2002.

M. J. Kohn, M. J. Schoeninger, and W. W. Barker, Altered states: effect of diagenesis on fossil tooth chemistry, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.63, pp.2737-2747, 1999.

Y. Kolodny and L. B. , Oxygen isotopes in phosphates of fossil fish-Devonian to recent, The Geochemical Society, pp.105-119, 1991.

Y. Kolodny, B. Luz, and O. Navon, Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites: I. Fish bone apatite-rechecking the rules of the game, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.64, pp.398-404, 1983.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, and C. C. Emig, Determination of oxygen isotope fractionation between water and phosphate from living lingulids: potential application to palaeoenvironmental studies, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, pp.101-108, 1996.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, and S. M. Sheppard, Oxygen isotope exchange between dissolved phosphate and water at Isotopic fractionation between apatite-bound carbonate and water 2079 temperatures 6135 °C: inorganic versus biological fractionations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.63, pp.855-862, 1999.

C. Lécuyer, C. Bogey, J. Garcia, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat et al., Stable isotope composition and rare earth element content of vertebrate remains from the Late Cretaceous of northern Spain (Lañ o): did the environmental record survive?, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.193, pp.457-471, 2003.

R. Z. Legeros, Apatites in biological systems, Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact, vol.4, pp.1-45, 1981.

R. Z. Legeros, O. R. Trautz, J. P. Legeros, E. Klein, and W. P. Shirra, Apatite crystallites: effects of carbonate on morphology, Science, vol.155, pp.1409-1411, 1967.

R. Z. Legeros, T. Sakae, C. Bautista, M. Retino, and J. P. Legeros, Magnesium and carbonate in enamel and synthetic apatites, Adv. Dent. Res, vol.10, pp.225-231, 1996.

J. B. Lian, Biology of bone mineralization, Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diab, vol.13, pp.1-9, 2006.

Y. Liang and R. E. Blake, Oxygen isotope composition of phosphate in organic compounds: isotope effects of extraction methods, Org. Geochem, vol.37, pp.1263-1277, 2006.

Y. Liang and R. E. Blake, Oxygen isotope fractionation between apatite and aqueous-phase phosphate: 20-45 °C, Chem. Geol, vol.238, pp.121-133, 2007.

A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotopic composition of orthophosphate from shells of living marine organisms, Nature, vol.207, pp.716-719, 1965.

A. Longinelli, Ratios of oxygen-18:oxygen-16 in phosphate and carbonate from living and fossil marine organisms, Nature, vol.211, pp.923-927, 1966.

A. Longinelli, Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate: a new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research?, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.48, pp.385-390, 1984.

A. Longinelli and S. Nuti, Oxygen-isotope ratios in phosphate from marine organisms, Science, vol.160, pp.879-882, 1968.
DOI : 10.1126/science.160.3830.879

A. Longinelli and S. Nuti, Revised phosphate-water isotopic temperature scale, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.19, pp.373-376, 1973.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821x(73)90088-5

B. Luz and Y. Kolodny, Oxygen isotope variation in phosphate of biogenic apatites: IV. Mammal teeth and bones, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.75, pp.29-36, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821x(84)90185-7

C. Martin, I. Bentaleb, R. Kaandorp, P. Iacumin, and K. Chatri, Intra-tooth study of modern rhinoceros enamel d 18 O: is the difference between phosphate and carbonate d 18 O a sound diagenetic test?, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.266, pp.183-189, 2008.

T. A. Mcconnaughey, 13 C and 18 O isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates: I. Patterns, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.53, pp.151-162, 1989.

T. A. Mcconnaughey, 13 C and 18 O isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates: II. In vitro simulation of kinetic isotope effects, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.53, pp.163-171, 1989.

K. A. Nagy and C. C. Peterson, Scaling of water flux rate in animals, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool, vol.120, pp.1-172, 1988.

M. Okazaki, Y. Moriwaki, T. Aoba, Y. Doi, J. Takahasi et al., Crystallinity changes of CO 3-apatites in solutions at physiological pH, Caries Res, vol.16, pp.308-314, 1982.
DOI : 10.1159/000260613

J. R. O&apos;neil, Theoretical and experimental aspects of isotopic fractionation, Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes, vol.16, pp.1-40, 1986.

J. R. O&apos;neil, R. N. Clayton, and T. K. Mayeda, Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates, J. Chem. Phys, vol.51, pp.5547-5558, 1969.

J. R. O&apos;neil, T. W. Vennemann, and W. F. Mckenzie, Effects of speciation on equilibrium fractionations and rates of oxygen isotope exchange between (PO 4 ) aq and H 2 O. Geochim. Cosmochim, Acta, vol.67, pp.3135-3144, 2003.

B. H. Passey, T. E. Cerling, and N. E. Levin, Temperature dependence of oxygen isotope acid fractionation for modern and fossil tooth enamels, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.21, pp.2853-2859, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/rcm.3149

D. W. Podlesak, A. Torregrossa, J. R. Ehleringer, M. D. Dearing, B. H. Passey et al., Turnover of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the body water, CO 2 , hair, and enamel of a small mammal, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.72, pp.19-35, 2008.

E. Pucéat, C. Lécuyer, S. M. Sheppard, G. Dromart, S. Reboulet et al., Thermal evolution of Cretaceous Tethyan marine waters inferred from oxygen isotope composition of fish tooth enamels, Paleoceanography, vol.18, issue.2, p.1029, 2003.

E. Pucéat, B. Reynard, and C. Lécuyer, Can crystallinity be used to determine the degree of chemical alteration of biogenic apatites?, Chem. Geol, vol.205, pp.83-97, 2004.

C. Robinson, H. D. Briggs, P. J. Atkinson, and J. A. Weatherell, Matrix and mineral changes in developing enamel, J. Dent. Res, vol.58, pp.871-882, 1979.
DOI : 10.1177/00220345790580024101

S. Sasaki, T. Takagi, and M. Suzuki, Cyclical changes in pH in bovine developing enamel as sequential bands, Arch. Oral Biol, vol.36, pp.227-231, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-9969(91)90090-h

J. D. Schuffert, M. Kastner, G. Emanuele, and R. A. Jahnke, Carbonate-ion substitution in francolite: a new equation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.54, pp.2323-2328, 1990.

R. Shahack-gross, E. Tchernov, and L. B. , Oxygen isotopic composition of mammalian skeletal phosphate from the Natufian Period, Hayonim Cave, Israel: diagenesis and paleoclimate, Geoarchaeology, vol.14, pp.1-13, 1999.

A. Shemesh, Crystallinity and diagenesis of sedimentary apatites, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.54, pp.2433-2438, 1990.

A. Shemesh, Y. Kolodny, and L. B. , Isotope geochemistry of oxygen and carbon in phosphate and carbonate of phosphorite francolite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.52, pp.2565-2572, 1988.

K. F. Smith, Z. D. Sharp, and J. H. Brown, Isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen in desert fauna: investigations into the effects of diet, physiology, and seasonality, J. Arid Environ, vol.52, pp.419-430, 2002.

S. Thomas, K. J. Carlson, and S. J. , Microscale d 18 O and d 13 C isotopic analysis of an ontogenetic series of the hadrosaurid dinosaur Edmontosaurus: implications for physiology and ecology, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.20, pp.257-287, 2004.

P. K. Swart, Carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation in scleractinian corals: a review, Earth Sci. Rev, vol.19, pp.51-80, 1983.

P. K. Swart, S. J. Burns, and J. J. Leder, Fractionation of the stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in carbon dioxide during the reaction of calcite with phosphoric acid as a function of temperature and technique, Chem. Geol, vol.86, pp.89-96, 1991.

J. A. Trotter, I. S. Williams, C. R. Barnes, C. Lécuyer, and R. S. Nicoll, Did cooling oceans trigger Ordovician biodiversification? Evidence from conodont thermometry, Science, vol.321, pp.550-554, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00336310

T. Tü-tken, H. Pfretzschnerb, T. W. Vennemann, G. Sunc, and Y. D. Wang, Paleobiology and skeletochronology of Jurassic dinosaurs: implications from the histology and oxygen isotope compositions of bones, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.206, pp.217-238, 2004.

T. Tü-tken, T. W. Vennemann, H. Janz, and E. P. Heizmann, Palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate of the Middle Miocene lake in the Steinheim basin, SW Germany: a reconstruction from C, O, and Sr isotopes of fossil remains, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.241, pp.457-491, 2006.

C. Lécuyer, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.74, pp.2072-2081, 2010.

T. W. Vennemann and E. Hegner, Oxygen, strontium, and neodymium isotope composition of fossil shark teeth as a proxy for the palaeoceanography and palaeoclimatology of the Miocene northern Alpine Paratethys, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.142, pp.107-121, 1998.

T. W. Vennemann, E. Hegner, G. Cliff, and G. W. Benz, Isotopic composition of recent shark teeth as a proxy for environmental conditions, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.65, pp.1583-1599, 2001.

R. A. Werner and W. A. Brand, Referencing strategies and techniques in stable isotope ratio analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.15, pp.501-519, 2001.

L. E. Wright and H. P. Schwarcz, Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in Human tooth enamel: identifying breastfeeding and weaning in prehistory, Am. J. Phys. Anthropol, vol.106, pp.1-18, 1998.

A. Zazzo, A. Mariotti, C. Lécuyer, and E. Heintz, Intra-tooth isotope variations in late Miocene bovid enamel from Afghanistan: paleobiological, taphonomical, and climatic implications, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.186, pp.145-161, 2002.

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, S. M. Sheppard, P. Grandjean, and A. Mariotti, Diagenesis and the reconstruction of paleoenvironments: a method to restore original d 18 O values of carbonate and phosphate from fossil tooth enamel, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, pp.2245-2258, 2004.

R. E. Zeebe, An explanation of the effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal oxygen isotopes, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.63, 1999.

R. E. Zeebe and D. Wolf-gladrow, CO 2 in seawater: equilibrium, kinetics, isotopes, Elsevier Oceanographic Series, vol.65, p.346, 2001.

Y. Zheng, Oxygen isotope fractionations involving apatites: application to paleotemperature determination, Chem. Geol, vol.127, p.2081, 1996.

A. References-amiel, G. M. Friedman, and D. S. Miller, Distribution and nature of incorporation of trace elements in aragonite corals, Sedimentology, vol.20, pp.47-64, 1973.

T. F. Anderson and M. A. Arthur, Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon and their application to sedimentologic and paleoenvironmental problems, Stable Isotopes in Sedimentary Geology: SEPM Short Course, pp.1-151, 1983.

E. Barrera, M. J. Tevesz, J. G. Carter, and P. L. Mccall, Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition and shell microstructure of the bivalve Latermula elliptica from Antarctica, Palaios, vol.9, pp.275-287, 1994.

N. R. Bates and U. Brand, Environmental and physiological influences on isotopic and elemental compositions of brachiopod shell calcite: implications for the isotopic evolution of Paleozoic oceans, Chem. Geol, vol.94, pp.67-78, 1991.

R. A. Berner, The role of magnesium in the crystal growth of calcite and aragonite from sea water, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.39, pp.489-504, 1975.

J. Bigeleisen and M. G. Mayer, Calculations of equilibrium constants for isotopic exchange reactions, J. Chem. Phys, vol.15, pp.261-267, 1947.

W. D. Bischoff, S. K. Sharma, and F. T. Mackenzie, Carbonate ion disorder in synthetic and biogenic magnesian calcites: a Raman spectral study, Am. Mineral, vol.70, pp.581-589, 1985.

F. Böhm, M. M. Joachimski, W. Dullo, A. Eisenhauer, H. Lehnert et al., Oxygen isotope fractionation in marine aragonite of coralline sponges, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.64, pp.1695-1703, 2000.

F. J. Borrero and T. J. Hilbish, Temporal variation in shell and soft tissue growth of the mussel Geukensia demissa, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser, vol.42, pp.9-15, 1988.

U. Brand, K. Azmy, A. Logan, M. A. Bitner, B. Durzi et al., Oxygen isotopes & Mg content in brachiopod calcite: equilibrium fractionation and a new paleotemperature equation, Goldschmidt Conference, vol.13, p.344, 2012.

B. Brigaud, E. Pucéat, P. Pellenard, B. Vincent, and M. M. Joachimski, Climatic fluctuations and seasonality during the Late Jurassic (Ofordian-Early Kimmeridgian) inferred from ? 18 O of Paris Basin oyster shells, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.273, pp.58-67, 2008.

K. J. Davis, P. M. Dove, and J. J. De-yoreo, The role of Mg 2+ as an impurity in calcite growth, Science, vol.290, pp.1134-1137, 2000.

S. Epstein, R. Buchsbaum, H. A. Lowenstam, and H. C. Urey, Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull, vol.64, pp.1315-1326, 1953.

P. Gillet, C. Biellmann, B. Reynard, and P. F. Mcmillan, Raman spectroscopic studies of carbonates. Part 1: high-pressure and high-temperature behaviour of calcite, magnesite, dolomite, aragonite, Phys. Chem. Miner, vol.20, pp.1-18, 1993.

S. I. Golyshev, N. L. Padalko, and S. A. Pechenkin, Fractionation of stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in carbonate systems, Geochem. Int, vol.18, pp.85-99, 1981.

E. L. Grossman and T. Ku, Oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation in biogenic aragonite: temperature effects, Chem. Geol. (Isotope Geosci. Sect.), vol.59, pp.59-74, 1986.

J. P. Hendry and R. M. Kalin, Are oxygen and carbon isotopes of mollusc shells reliable palaeosalinity indicators in marginal marine environments? A case study from the Middle Jurassic of England, J. Geol. Soc. Lond, vol.154, pp.321-333, 1997.

J. P. Hendry, W. T. Perkins, and T. Bane, Short-term environmental change in a Jurassic lagoon deduced from geochemical trends in aragonite bivalve shells, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull, vol.113, pp.790-798, 2001.

S. Horibe and T. Oba, Temperature scales of aragonite-water and calcite-water systems, Fossils, vol.23, issue.24, pp.69-79, 1972.

J. Horita, A. Ueda, K. Mizukami, and I. Takatori, Automatic ?D and ? 18 O analyses of multi-water samples using H 2-and CO 2-water equilibration methods with a common equilibration set-up, Appl. Radiat. Isot, vol.40, pp.801-805, 1989.

C. Jiménez-lópez, C. S. Romanek, F. J. Huertas, H. Ohmoto, and E. Caballero, Oxygen isotope fractionation in synthetic magnesian calcite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, pp.3367-3377, 2004.

D. S. Jones, I. R. Quitmyer, and C. F. Andrus, Oxygen isotopic evidence for greater seasonality in Holocene shells of Donax variabilis from Florida, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.58, pp.249-266, 2005.

M. L. Keith, G. M. Anderson, and R. Eichler, Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of mollusk shells from marine and fresh-water environments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.28, pp.1757-1786, 1964.

S. Kim and J. R. O&apos;neil, Equilibrium and nonequilibrium oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.61, pp.3461-3475, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00169-5

S. Kim, A. Mucci, and B. E. Taylor, Phosphoric acid fractionation factors for calcite and aragonite between 25 and 75 °C: revisited, Chem. Geol, vol.246, pp.135-146, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.08.005

S. Kim, J. R. O&apos;neil, C. Hillaire-marcel, and A. Mucci, Oxygen isotope fractionation between synthetic aragonite and water: influence of temperature and Mg 2+ concentration, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.71, pp.4704-4715, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2007.04.019

T. Kobashi and E. Grossman, The oxygen isotopic record of seasonality in Conus shells and its application to understanding late middle Eocene (38 Ma) climate, Paleontolog. Res, vol.7, pp.343-355, 2003.

D. E. Krantz, D. F. Williams, and D. S. Jones, Ecological and paleoenvironmental information using stable isotope profiles from living and fossil molluscs, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.58, pp.249-266, 1987.

C. Lécuyer, B. Reynard, and F. Martineau, Stable isotope fractionation between mollusc shells and marine waters from Martinique Island, Chem. Geol, vol.213, pp.293-305, 2004.

S. Majoran, S. Agrenius, and M. Kucera, The effect of temperature on shell size and growth rate in Krithe praetexta praetexta (Sars), Hydrobiologia, vol.419, pp.141-148, 2000.

N. Malchus and T. Steuber, Stable isotope records (O, C) of Jurassic aragonitic shells from England and NW Poland: palaeoecologic and environmental implications, Geobios, vol.35, pp.29-39, 2002.

J. R. O&apos;neil, R. N. Clayton, and T. K. Mayeda, Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates, J. Chem. Phys, vol.51, pp.5547-5558, 1969.

R. Owen, H. Kennedy, and C. Richardson, Isotopic partitioning between scallop shell calcite and seawater: effect of shell growth rate, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.66, pp.1727-1737, 2002.

W. P. Patterson, G. R. Smith, and K. C. Lohmann, Continental paleothermometry and seasonality using the isotopic composition of aragonitic otoliths of freshwater fishes, Climate Change in Continental Isotopic Records: Geophys. Monogr. Ser, vol.78, pp.191-202, 1993.

R. L. Radtke, W. Showers, E. Moksness, and P. Lenz, Corrigendum: Environmental information stored in otoliths: insights from stable isotopes, Mar. Biol, vol.132, pp.347-348, 1998.

R. W. Reynolds and T. M. Smith, A high resolution global sea surface temperature climatology, J. Climate, vol.8, pp.1571-1583, 1995.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<1571:ahrgss>2.0.co;2

URL : http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0442%281995%29008%3C1571%3AAHRGSS%3E2.0.CO%3B2

R. W. Reynolds, N. A. Rayner, T. M. Smith, D. C. Stokes, and W. Wang, An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate, J. Climate, vol.15, pp.1609-1625, 2002.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1609:aiisas>2.0.co;2

C. S. Romanek, E. L. Grossman, and J. W. Morse, Carbon isotopic fractionation in synthetic aragonite and calcite: effects of temperature and precipitation rate, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.56, pp.419-430, 1992.

Y. Rosenthal and A. Katz, The applicability of trace elements in freshwater shells for paleogeochemical studies, Chem. Geol, vol.78, pp.65-76, 1989.

M. Rubinson and R. Clayton, Carbon-13 fractionation between aragonite and calcite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.33, pp.997-1002, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(69)90109-4

B. R. Schöne, A. D. Castro, J. Fiebig, S. D. Houk, W. Oschmann et al., Sea surface water temperatures over the period 1884-1983 reconstructed from oxygen isotope ratios of a bivalve mollusk shell (Arctica islandica, southern North Sea), Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeocol, vol.212, pp.215-232, 2004.

B. R. Schöne, S. D. Houk, A. D. Castro, J. Fiebig, I. Kröncke et al., Daily growth rates in shells of Arctica islandica: assessing subseasonal environmental controls on a long-lived bivalve mollusk, Palaios, vol.20, pp.78-92, 2005.

T. Sharma and R. N. Clayton, Measurement of O 18 /O 16 ratios of total oxygen of carbonates, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.29, pp.1347-1353, 1965.

J. F. Storr, A. L. Costa, and D. A. Prawel, Effects of temperature on calcium deposition in the hard-shell clam, Merceneria merceneria, J. Thermal Biol, vol.7, pp.57-61, 1982.

T. Takeuchi, I. Sarashina, M. Iijima, and K. Endo, In vitro regulation of CaCO 3 crystal polymorphism by the highly acidic molluscan shell protein Aspein, FEBS Lett, vol.582, pp.591-596, 2008.

T. Tarutani, R. N. Clayton, and T. K. Mayeda, The effect of polymorphism and magnesium substitution on oxygen isotope fractionation between calcium carbonate and water, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.33, pp.987-996, 1969.

S. R. Thorrold, S. E. Campana, C. M. Jones, and P. K. Swart, Factors determining ? 13 C and ? 18 O fractionation in aragonitic otoliths of marine fish, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.61, pp.2909-2919, 1997.

D. M. Tremaine, P. N. Froelich, and Y. Wang, Speleothem calcite farmed in situ: modern calibration of ? 18 O and ? 13 C paleoclimate proxies in a continuously-monitored natural cave system, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.75, pp.4929-4950, 2011.

K. K. Turekian and L. Armstrong, Magnesium, strontium and barium concentrations and calcite aragonite ratios of some recent molluscan shells, J. Mar. Res, vol.18, pp.133-151, 1960.

J. V. Turner, Kinetic fractionation of carbon-13 during calcium carbonate precipitation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.46, pp.1183-1191, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(82)90004-7

H. C. Urey, The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances, J. Chem. Soc, pp.562-581, 1947.
DOI : 10.1039/jr9470000562

J. Urmos, S. K. Sharma, and F. T. Mckenzie, Characterization of some biogenic carbonates with Raman spectroscopy, Am. Mineral, vol.76, pp.641-646, 1991.

C. Lécuyer, Chemical Geology, pp.92-101, 2012.

K. Wada and T. Fujinuki, Biomineralization in bivalve molluscs with emphasis on the chemical composition of the extrapallial fluid, The Mechanisms of Mineralization in the Invertebrates and Plants, pp.175-190, 1976.

A. D. Wanamaker, K. J. Kreutz, H. W. Borns, D. S. Introne, S. Feindel et al., Experimental determination of salinity, temperature, growth, and metabolic effects on shell isotope chemistry of Mytilus edulis collected from Maine and Greenland, Paleoceanography, vol.22, 2007.

J. N. Weber, Incorporation of strontium into reef coral skeletal carbonate, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.37, pp.2173-2190, 1973.

R. M. White, P. F. Dennis, and T. C. Atkinson, Experimental calibration and field investigation of the oxygen isotopic fractionation between biogenic aragonite and water, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.13, pp.1242-1247, 1999.

R. Witbaard, G. C. Duineveld, and P. A. Wilde-de, Geographic differences in growth rates of Arctica islandica (mollusca: Bivalvia) from the North Sea and adjacent waters, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K, vol.79, pp.907-915, 1999.

Y. D. Zakharov, Y. Shigeta, R. Nagendra, P. P. Safronova, O. P. Smyshlyaeva et al., Cretaceous climate oscillations in the southern palaeolatitudes: new stable isotope evidence from India and Madagascar, Cretaceous Res, vol.32, pp.623-645, 2011.

Y. Zheng, Oxygen isotope fractionation in carbonate and sulfate minerals, Geochem. J, vol.33, pp.109-126, 1999.
DOI : 10.2343/geochemj.33.109

URL : https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/geochemj1966/33/2/33_2_109/_pdf

G. Zhou and Y. Zheng, Kinetic mechanism of oxygen isotope disequilibrium in precipitated witherite and aragonite at low temperatures: an experimental study, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.66, pp.63-71, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(01)00746-3

G. Zhou and Y. Zheng, An experimental study of oxygen isotope fractionation between inorganically precipitated aragonite and water at low temperatures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.67, pp.387-399, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(02)01140-7

C. Lécuyer, Chemical Geology, pp.92-101, 2012.

R. Al-aasm, I. S. Taylor, B. E. South, and B. , Stable isotope analysis of multiple carbonates samples using selective acid extraction, Chem. Geol, vol.80, pp.119-125, 1990.

M. A. Aref, Evaporitic sedimentation and genesis of elemental sulphur at Um Reigha area, J. Geol, vol.41, pp.119-143, 1997.

C. Arenas, A. Zarza, A. M. Pardo, and G. , Dedolomitization and other early diagenetic processes in Miocene lacustrine deposits, Ebro Basin (Spain). Sed. Geol, vol.125, pp.23-45, 1999.

R. G. Bathurst, Carbonate sediments and their diagenesis, Developments in Sedimentology, vol.12, p.pp, 1983.

A. Bellanca, A. Caruso, G. Ferruzza, R. Neri, J. M. Rouchy et al., Transition from marine to hypersaline conditions in the Messinian Tripoli Formation from the marginal areas of the central Sicilian Basin, Sed. Geol, vol.140, pp.87-105, 2001.

D. L. Bish and R. C. Reynolds, Sample preparation for X-Ray diffraction, Modern Powder Diffraction, vol.20, pp.73-99, 1989.

M. E. Böttcher, 18 O/ 16 O and 13 C/ 12 C fractionation during the reaction of carbonates with phosphoric acid: effects of cationic substitution and reaction temperature, Isot. Environ. Health Stud, vol.32, pp.299-305, 1996.

R. N. Clayton, B. F. Jones, and R. A. Berner, Isotope studies of dolomite formation under sedimentary conditions, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.32, pp.415-432, 1968.

T. B. Coplen, C. Kendall, and J. Hoplle, Comparison of stable isotope reference samples, Nature, vol.302, pp.236-238, 1983.

D. Sharma, S. Patil, D. J. Gopalan, and K. , Temperature dependence of oxygen isotope fractionation of CO2 from magnesite-phosphoric acid reaction, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.66, pp.589-593, 2002.

E. T. Degens and S. Epstein, Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios in coexisting calcites and dolomites from recent and ancient sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.28, pp.23-44, 1964.

S. I. Dworkin, L. Nordt, and S. Atchley, Determining terrestrial paleotemperatures using the oxygen isotopic composition of pedogenic carbonate, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.237, pp.56-68, 2005.

E. M. El-shazly, Classification of Egyptian mineral deposits, Egypt. J. Geol, vol.1, pp.1-20, 1957.

S. Epstein, D. L. Graf, and E. T. Degens, Oxygen isotope studies on the origin of dolomites, pp.169-180, 1964.

P. Fritz and J. C. Fontes, Fractionnement isotopique pendant l'attaque acide des carbonates naturels-Rôle de la granulométrie, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol.263, pp.1345-1348, 1966.

P. Fritz and D. G. Smith, The isotopic composition of secondary dolomites, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.34, pp.1161-1173, 1970.

G. Müller and M. Gastner, The ''Karbonat-Bombe'', a simple device for the determination of the carbonate content in sediments, soils and other materials, Neues. Jahrb. Mineral. Monatsh, vol.10, pp.466-469, 1971.

W. G. Mumme, G. Tsambourakis, I. C. Madsen, and R. J. Hill, Improved petrological modal analyses from X-ray powder diffraction data by use of the Rietveld method; Part II, Selected sedimentary rocks, J. Sed. Res, vol.66, pp.132-138, 1996.

C. Pierre and J. M. Rouchy, Sedimentary and diagenetic evolution of Messinian evaporites in the Tyrrhenian sea (ODP Leg 107, sites 652, 653 and 654): petrographic, mineralogical, and stable isotope records, Proc. Ocean Drill, vol.107, pp.187-210, 1990.

C. Pierre, J. M. Rouchy, and A. Gaudichet, Diagenesis in the gas hydrate sediments of the Blake Ridge: mineralogy and stable isotope compositions of the carbonate and sulfide minerals, Proc. Ocean Drill, vol.164, pp.139-146, 2000.

J. Rosenbaum and S. Sheppard, An isotopic study of siderites, dolomites and ankerites at high temperatures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.50, pp.1147-1150, 1986.

J. M. Rouchy, C. Taberner, M. M. Blanc-valleron, R. Sprovieri, M. Russel et al., Sedimentary and diagenetic markers of the restriction in a marine basin: the Lorca Basin, SE Spain) during Messinian. Sed. Geol, vol.121, pp.23-55, 1998.

T. Sharma and R. N. Clayton, Measurement of 18 O/ 16 O ratios of total oxygen from carbonates, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.29, pp.1347-1353, 1965.

S. M. Sheppard and H. P. Schwarcz, Fractionation of carbon and oxygen isotopes and magnesium between coexisting calcite and dolomite in metamorphic rocks, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol, vol.26, pp.161-198, 1970.

J. K. Swart, S. J. Burns, and J. J. Leder, Fractionation of the stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in carbon dioxide during the reaction of calcite with phosphoric acid as a function of temperature and technique, Chem. Geol, vol.86, pp.89-96, 1991.

L. J. Walters, G. E. Claypool, and P. Choquette, Reaction rates and 18 O variation for carbonate-phosphoric acid preparation method, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.36, pp.129-140, 1972.

T. Yui and S. Gong, Stoichiometry effect on stable isotope analysis of dolomite, Chem. Geol, vol.201, pp.359-368, 2003.

M. Baudrand, Applied Geochemistry, vol.27, p.265, 2012.

H. A. Bauch, H. Erlenkeuser, D. Bauch, T. Mueller-lupp, and E. Taldenkova, Stable 323 oxygen and carbon isotopes in modern benthic foraminifera from the Laptev Sea shelf: 324 implications for reconstructing proglacial and prof luvial environments in the Arctic, 2004.

, Mar. Micropal, vol.5, pp.285-300

K. Billups and D. P. Schrag, Paleotemperatures and ice volume of the past 27 Myr revisited 327 with paired Mg/Ca and 18 O/ 16 O measurements on benthic foraminifera, 2003.

, Paleoceanography, vol.17, issue.1, p.1003

K. Billups and H. J. Spero, Relationship between shell size, thickness and stable isotopes in 330 individual planktonic foraminífera from two equatorial Atlantic cores, J. Foram. Res, vol.331, pp.24-37, 1995.

G. Chen and M. P. Hare, Cryptic ecological diversification of a planktonic estuarine 333 copepod, Acartia tonsa, Molecul. Ecol, vol.17, pp.1451-1468, 2008.

K. F. Darling and C. M. Wade, The genetic diversity of planktic foraminifera and the 335 global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes, Mar. Micropal, vol.67, pp.216-238, 2008.

S. Epstein, R. Buchsbaum, H. A. Lowenstam, and H. C. Urey, Revised carbonate-water 337 isotopic temperature scale, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull, vol.64, pp.1315-1326, 1953.

C. Fink, K. Baumann, J. Groeneveld, and S. Steinke, Strontium/Calcium ratio, carbon 339 and oxygen stable isotopes in coccolith carbonate from different grain-size fractions in, 2010.

, South Atlantic surface sediments, Geobios

A. Görög, Sarmatian foraminifera of the Zsámbék Basin, 1992.

, sectio Geologica, vol.29, pp.31-153

S. P. Hesselbo, S. A. Robinson, F. Surlyk, and S. Piasecki, Terrestrial and marine 344 extinction at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary synchronized with major carbon-cycle 345 perturbation: A link to initiation of massive volcanism?, Geology, vol.30, pp.251-254, 2002.

J. A. Holmes, Trace-element and stable-isotope geochemistry of non-marine ostracod 347 shells in Quaternary palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, J. Paleolimnol, vol.15, pp.223-235, 1996.

B. T. Huber, R. D. Norris, and K. G. Macleod, Deep-sea paleotemperature record of 349 extreme warmth during the Cretaceous, Geology, vol.30, pp.123-126, 2002.

B. T. Huber, D. A. Hodell, and C. P. Hamilton, Mid-to Late Cretaceous climate of the 351 southern high latitudes: stable isotopic evidence for minimal equator-to-pole thermal 352 gradients, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull, vol.107, pp.1164-1191, 1995.

X. Irigoien, J. Huisman, and R. P. Harris, Global biodiversity patterns of marine 354 phytoplankton and zooplankton, Nature, vol.429, pp.863-867, 2004.

H. C. Jenkyns, A. Forster, S. Schouten, and J. S. Damsté, , 2004.

C. Artic-ocean, Nature, vol.432, pp.888-892

M. M. Joachimski, S. Breisig, W. Buggisch, J. A. Talent, R. Mawson et al., , p.358

J. M. Day, J. Weddige, and K. , Devonian climate and reef evolution: insights from 359 oxygen isotopes in apatite, Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.284, pp.599-609, 2009.

D. C. Kelly, T. J. Bralower, J. C. Zachos, I. P. Silva, and E. Thomas, Rapid diversification 361 of planktonic foraminífera in the tropical Pacific (ODP site 865) during the Late 362, 1996.

, Paleocene thermal maximum. Geology, vol.24, pp.423-4126

N. Knowlton, Sibling species in the sea, Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst, vol.24, pp.189-216, 1993.

L. R. Kump and M. A. Arthur, Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: carbonates and 365 organic matter, Chem. Geol, vol.161, pp.181-198, 1999.

D. W. Lea, D. K. Pak, C. L. Belanger, H. J. Spero, M. A. Hall et al., , 2006.

, Paleoclimate history of Galapagos surface waters over the last 135,000 yr. Quat. Sci

, Rev, vol.25, pp.1152-1167

C. Lécuyer, S. Picard, J. Garcia, S. M. Sheppard, P. Grandjean et al., , 2003.

, Thermal evolution of Tethyan surface waters during the Midle-Late Jurassic: Evidence 371 from 18 O values of marine fish teeth, Paleoceanography, vol.18, issue.3, p.372

M. Magaritz, R. V. Krishnamurthy, and W. T. Holser, Parallel trends in organic and 374 inorganic carbon isotopes across the Permian/Triassic boundary, Am. J. Sci, vol.292, pp.727-375, 1992.

J. M. Mcrea, On the isotopic chemistry of carbonates and a paleotemperature scale, 1950.

, Chem. Phys, vol.18, pp.849-857

R. Morard, F. Quillévéré, G. Escarguel, Y. Ujiie, T. De-garidel-thoron et al.,

C. Vargas, Morphological recognition of cryptic species in the planktonic 380 foraminifer Orbulina universa, Mar. Micropal, vol.71, pp.148-165, 2009.

R. D. Norris and U. Röhl, Carbon cycling and chronology of climate warming during the, 1999.

, Palaeocene/Eocene transition, Nature, vol.401, pp.775-778

J. Pálfy, A. Demény, J. Haas, M. Hetényi, M. Orchard et al., Carbon isotope 384 anomaly and other geochemical changes at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary from a 385 marine section in Hungary, Geology, vol.29, pp.1047-1050, 2001.

S. F. Pekar and R. M. Deconto, High-resolution ice-volume estimates for the early, 2006.

, Miocene: Evidence for a dynamic ice sheet in Antarctica

. Palaeoecol, , vol.231, pp.101-109

G. D. Price, B. W. Sellwood, R. M. Corfield, L. Clarke, and J. E. Cartlidge, Isotopic 390 evidence for palaeotemperatures and depth stratification of Middle Cretaceous 391 planktonic foraminífera from the Pacific Ocean, Geol. Mag, vol.135, pp.183-191, 1998.

E. Pucéat, C. Lécuyer, S. M. Sheppard, G. Dromart, S. Reboulet et al., , 2003.

, Thermal evolution of Cretaceous Tethyan marine waters inferred from oxygen isotope 394 composition of fish tooth enamels, Paleoceanography, vol.18, issue.2, p.395

U. Röhl, T. J. Bralower, R. D. Norris, and G. Wefer, , 2000.

, Paleocene thermal maximum and its environmental implications, Geology, vol.28, pp.927-930

P. H. Roth, Ocean circulation and calcareous nannoplankton evolution during the, 1989.

C. Jurassic, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.74, pp.111-126

P. K. Saraswati, Ontogenetic isotopic variation in foraminífera-Implications for 401 palaeo prox, Current Science, vol.86, pp.858-860, 2004.

M. Schidlowski, Application of stable isotopes to early biochemical evolution on, 1987.

, Earth. Annu. Rev. Earth. Planet. Sci, vol.15, pp.47-72

G. A. Schmidt and L. A. Mysak, Can increased poleward oceanic heat flux explain the 405 warm Cretaceous climate?, Paleoceanography, vol.11, pp.579-593, 1996.
DOI : 10.1029/96pa01851

N. J. Shackleton and N. D. Opdyke, Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of 407 equatorial Pacific core V28-2389: oxygen isotopes temperatures and ice volumes on a 408 10 5 and 10 6 year scale, Quat. Res, vol.3, pp.39-55, 1973.

N. J. Shackleton, Oxygen isotope analyses and Pleistocene temperatures reassessed, 1967.

, Nature, vol.215, pp.15-17

N. J. Shackleton, Paleogene stable isotope events, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0031-0182(86)90008-8

. Palaeoecolol, , vol.57, pp.91-102

N. J. Shackleton, J. Imbrie, and M. A. Hall, Oxygen and carbon isotope record of East 414 Pacific core V19-30: Implications for the formation of deep water in the late, 1983.

, Pleistocene North Atlantic. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.65, pp.233-244

N. J. Shackleton, Paleogene stable isotope events, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0031-0182(86)90008-8

. Palaeoecolol, , vol.57, pp.91-102

N. J. Shackleton and J. P. Kennett, Paleotemperature history of the Cenozoic and initiation 419 of Antarctic glaciation: oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses in DSDP Sites 277, 279, 420 and 281, Init. Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj, vol.29, pp.743-755, 1975.

C. Shuxi and N. L. Shackleton, New technique for study on isotopic fractionation between 422 sea water and foraminiferal growing processes, Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol, vol.8, pp.299-305, 1990.

H. M. Stoll and N. Shimizu, Micropicking of nannofossils in preparation for analysis by 424 secondary ion mass spectrometry, Nature Protocol, vol.4, pp.1038-1043, 2009.

H. M. Stoll and P. Ziveri, Separation of monospecific and restricted coccolith assemblages 426 from sediments using differential settling velocity, Mar. Micropal, vol.46, pp.209-221, 2002.

E. Tóth, Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) ostracod fauna from the Zsámbék Basin, p.428, 2008.

, Hungary. Geol. Pann, vol.36, pp.101-51

E. Tóth, A. Görög, C. Lécuyer, P. Moissette, V. Balter et al., , 2010.

, Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) Central

, Paratethys based on palaeontological and geochemical analyses of foraminifera, 432 ostracods, gastropods and rodents, Geol. Mag, vol.147, pp.299-314

H. C. Urey, The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances, J. Chem. Soc, 1947.

). Vargas-;-de, C. Norris, R. Zaninetti, L. Gibb, S. W. Pawlowski et al., Molecular evidence 436 of cryptic speciation in planktonic foraminifers and their relation to oceanic provinces, 1999.

, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S, vol.96, pp.2864-2868

). Vargas-;-de, C. Sáez, A. G. Medlin, L. K. Thierstein, and H. R. , Superspecies in the 439 calcareous plankton, Coccolithophores-from, 2004.

, Molecular Processes to Global Impact, pp.441-271

J. C. Zachos, S. M. Bohaty, C. M. John, H. Mccarren, D. C. Kelly et al., , 2007.

. Palaeocene-eocene, carbon isotope excursion: constraints from individual shell 444 planktonic foraminifer records, Phil. Trans. R. Soc, vol.365, pp.1829-1842

J. C. Zachos, M. Pagani, L. Sloan, E. Thomas, and K. Billups, Trends, rhythms, and 446 aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to Present, Science, vol.292, pp.686-693, 2001.

J. C. Zachos, M. W. Wara, S. M. Bohaty, M. L. Delaney, M. Rose-petrizzo et al., , p.448

T. J. Bralower and I. Premoli-silva, A transient rise in tropical sea surface 449 temperature during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Science, vol.302, pp.1551-450, 2003.

H. C. Fricke, O. Neil, and J. R. , Inter-and intra-tooth variation in the oxygen isotope composition of mammalian tooth enamel phosphate: implications for palaeoclimatological and palaeobiological research, Paleogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, p.91, 1996.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, O. Neil, J. R. Gingerich, and P. D. , Evidence for rapid climate change in North America during the latest Paleocene thermal maximum: oxygen isotope compositions of biogenic phosphate from the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.160, p.193, 1998.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, O. Neil, J. R. Gingerich, and P. D. , Intra-tooth variations in d18O (PO4) of mammalian tooth enamel as a record of seasonal variations in continental climate variables, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.62, p.1839, 1998.

M. M. Joachimski, R. Van-geldern, S. Breisig, J. Day, and W. Buggisch, Oxygen isotope evolution of biogenic calcite and apatite during the middle and late Devonian, Int. J. Earth Sci, vol.93, p.542, 2004.

M. M. Joachimski, P. H. Bitter, and W. Buggisch, Constraints on Pennsylvanian glacioeustatic sea-level changes using oxygen isotopes of conodont apatite, Geology, vol.34, p.277, 2006.

S. Sharma, M. M. Joachimski, H. J. Tobschall, I. B. Singh, D. P. Tewari et al., Oxygen isotopes of bovid teeth as archives of paleoclimatic variations in archaeological deposits of the Ganga plain, India. Q. Res, vol.62, p.19, 2004.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, O. Neil, J. R. Capetta, H. Martineau et al., Thermal excursions in the ocean at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): the d18O record of phosphatic fish debris, Paleogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.105, p.235, 1993.

T. W. Venneman, H. C. Fricke, R. E. Blake, O. Neil, J. R. Colman et al., Oxygen isotope analysis of phosphates: a comparison of techniques for analysis of Ag3PO4, Chem. Geol, vol.185, p.321, 2002.

O. Neil, J. R. Roe, L. J. , R. E. Blake, and R. E. , A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analyses of biogenic phosphate, Isr. J. Earth Sci, vol.43, p.203, 1994.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat, J. Nolvak, C. Emig et al., d18O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods: A comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.62, p.2429, 1998.

J. Morrison, A new high temperature EA-pyrolysis-IRMS solution to d18O analyses of phosphates. Application Brief AB10, Micromass, 1999.

B. E. Kornexl, M. Gehre, H. ¨-ofling, R. Werner, and R. A. , On-line d18O measurements of organic and inorganic substances, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.13, p.1685, 1999.

C. Lecuyer, P. Grandjean, and S. Sheppard, Oxygen isotope exchange between dissolved phosphate and water at temperature <135 ° C: Inorganic versus biological fractionations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.63, p.855, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00096-4

R. A. Crowson, W. J. Showers, E. K. Wright, and T. C. Hoering, A method for preparation of phosphate samples for oxygen isotope analysis, Anal. Chem, vol.63, p.2397, 1991.

V. Daux, C. Lecuyer, F. Adam, F. Martineau, and F. Vimeux, Oxygen isotope composition of human teeth and the record of climate changes in France (Lorraine) during the last 1700 years, Clim. Change, vol.70, p.445, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00179620

R. Amiot, C. Lécuyer, E. Buffetaut, G. Escarguel, F. Fluteau et al., Oxygen isotopes from biogenic apatites suggest widespread endothermy in Cretaceous dinosaurs, Earth Pl. Sci. Let, vol.246, p.41, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00133060

C. Lécuyer, S. Picard, J. P. Garcia, S. Sheppard, P. Grandjean et al., Thermal evolution of Tethyan surface waters during the middle-late Jurassic: Evidence from d18O values of marine fish teeth, Paleoceanography, vol.18, p.1076, 2003.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. Mazin, and V. De-buffrénil, Secondary Adaptation to Life in Water II, p.33, 1999.

A. Zazzo, C. Lécuyer, and A. Mariotti, Experimentally-controlled carbon and oxygen isotopeexchange between bioapatites and water under inorganic and microbially-mediated conditions, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.68, p.1, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/s0016-7037(03)00278-3

©. Copyright, Ltd. J. Mass Spectrom, vol.42, 2006.

F. H. Firsching, Precipitation of silver phosphate from homogeneous solution, Anal. Chem, vol.33, p.873, 1961.

J. Horita, A. Ueda, K. Mizukami, and I. Takatori, Automatic dD and d18O analyses of multi-water samples using H2-and CO2-water equilibtation methods with a common equilibration set-up, Appl. Radiat. Isot, vol.40, p.801, 1989.

S. Holm, A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand, J. Stat, vol.6, p.65, 1979.

R. A. Werner, B. E. Kornexl, A. Rossman, and H. L. Schmidt, On-line determination of d18O values of organic substances, Anal. Chim. Acta, vol.319, p.159, 1996.

G. D. Farquhar, B. K. Henry, and J. M. Styles, A rapid on-line technique for determination of oxygen isotope composition of nitrogencontaining organic matter and water, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.11, p.1554, 1997.

J. Koziet, Isotope ratio mass spectrometric method for the on-line determination of oxygen-18 in organic matter, J. Mass Spectrom, vol.32, p.103, 1997.

O. Bréas, C. Guillou, F. Reniero, E. Sada, and F. Angerosa, Oxygen-18 measurement by continuous flow pyrolysis/isotope ratio mass spectrometry of vegetable oils, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.12, p.188, 1998.

C. Lécuyer, F. Fourel, F. Martineau, R. Amiot, A. Bernard et al., High-precision determination of 18 O/ 16 O ratios of silver phosphate by EA-pyrolysisIRMS continuous flow technique, J. Mass Spectrom, p.36, 2007.

H. C. Fricke, J. R. O&apos;neil, and N. Lynnerup, Oxygen isotope composition of human tooth enamel from medieval Greenland: linking climate and society, Geology, vol.23, p.869, 1995.

H. C. Fricke and J. R. O&apos;neil, Inter-and intra-tooth variation in the oxygen isotope composition of mammalian tooth enamel phosphate: implications for the palaeoclimatological and palaeobiological research, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol, vol.126, p.91, 1996.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, J. R. O&apos;neil, and P. D. Gingerich, Evidence for rapid climate change in North America during the latest Paleocene thermal maximum: oxygen isotope compositions of biogenic phosphate from the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, p.193, 1998.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, J. R. O&apos;neil, and P. D. Gingerich, Intra-tooth variations in ? 18 O (PO 4 ) of mammalian tooth enamel as a record of seasonal variations in continental climate variables, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.62, p.1839, 1998.

M. M. Joachimski, R. Van-geldern, S. Breisig, J. Day, and W. Buggisch, Oxygen isotope evolution of biogenic calcite and apatite during the Middle and Late Devonian, Int. J. Earth Sci, p.542, 2004.

S. Sharma, M. M. Joachimski, H. J. Tobschall, I. B. Singh, D. P. Tewari et al., Oxygen isotopes of bovid teeth as archives of paleoclimatic variations in archaeological deposits of the Ganga plain, India. Quartenary Research, vol.62, p.19, 2004.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. R. O&apos;neil, H. Capetta, and F. Martineau, Thermal excursions in the ocean at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (northern Morocco): ? 18 O record of phosphatic fish debris Paleogeogr, Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol, p.235, 1993.

T. W. Venneman, H. C. Fricke, R. E. Blake, J. R. O&apos;neil, and A. Colman, Oxygen isotope analysis of phosphates: a comparison of techniques for analysis of Ag 3 PO 4, Chem. Geol, p.321, 2002.

J. R. O&apos;neil, L. J. Roe, E. Reinhard, and R. E. Blake, A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic phosphates, Isr. J. Earth Sci, p.203, 1994.

C. Lécuyer, P. Grandjean, J. Barrat, J. Nolvak, C. Emig et al., Robardet. ? 18 O and REE contents of phosphatic brachiopods: a comparison between modern and lower Paleozoic populations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.62, p.2429, 1998.

W. A. Brand, T. B. Coplen, A. T. Aerts-bijma, J. K. Böhlke, M. Gehre et al.,

S. J. Meijer, H. Mroczkowski, K. Qi, H. Soergel, S. M. Stuartwilliams et al., Comprehensive inter-laboratory calibration of reference materials for ? 18 O versus VSMOW using various on-line high-temperature conversion techniques, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.23, p.999, 2009.

J. Koziet, Isotope ratio mass spectrometric method for the online determination of oxygen-18 in organic matter, J. Mass Spectrom, vol.32, p.103, 1997.

G. D. Farquhar, B. K. Henry, and J. M. Styles, A rapid on-line technique for determination of oxygen isotope composition of nitrogen-containing organic matter and water, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.11, p.1554, 1997.

B. E. Kornexl, M. Gehre, R. Höfling, and R. A. Werner, On-line ? 18 O measurements of organic and inorganic substances, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.13, p.1685, 1999.

O. Bréas, C. Guillou, F. Reniero, E. Sada, and F. Angerosa, Oxygen-18 measurement by continuous flow pyrolysis/ isotope ratio mass spectrometry of vegetable oils, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.12, p.188, 1998.

M. Saurer, I. Robertson, R. Siegwolf, and M. Leuenberger, Oxygen isotope analysis of cellulose: an interlaboratory comparison, Anal. Chem, p.70, 1998.

K. Revesz and J. K. Böhlke, Comparison of ? 18 O measurements in nitrate by different combustion techniques, Anal. Chem, p.5410, 2002.

J. Morrison, A new high temperature EA-pyrolysis-IRMS solution to ? 18 O analyses of phosphates. Application Brief AB10 Micromass, 1999.

H. P. Sieper, H. J. Kupka, L. Lange, A. Roßmann, N. Tanz et al., Essential methodological improvements in the oxygen isotope ratio analysis of N-containing organic compounds, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, p.2849, 2010.

F. ,

, Ltd. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, vol.25, pp.2691-2696, 2011.

, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, p.4

, @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@Chem. Geol, p.72

, Chem. Geol, p.79

R. Cerling, T. E. Harris, and J. M. , Carbon isotope fractionation between diet and bioapatite in ungulate mammals and implications for ecological and palaeoecological studies, Oecologia, vol.120, pp.347-363, 1999.

T. E. Cerling, J. M. Harris, and B. H. Passey, Diets of East African Bovidae based on stable isotope analysis, Journal of Mammalogy, vol.84, pp.456-470, 2003.

, Certified reference material certificate of analyses for BCR No. 32. Commission of the European Communities, Community Bureau of Reference, 1982.

J. R. Ehleringer, The influence of atmospheric CO 2 , temperature, and water on the abundance of C3/C4 taxa, pp.214-231, 2005.

F. Fourel, F. Martineau, C. Lecuyer, H. J. Kupka, L. Lange et al., , 2011.

, O/ 16 O ratio measurements of inorganic and organic materials by elemental analysis-Pyrolysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry continuous flow techniques, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.25, pp.2691-2696

H. C. Fricke, J. R. O&apos;neil, and N. Lynnerup, Oxygen isotope composition of human tooth enamel from medieval Greenland: linking climate and society, Geology, vol.23, pp.869-872, 1995.

H. C. Fricke, W. C. Clyde, and J. R. Neil, Intra-tooth variations in d 18 O (PO 4 ) of mammalian tooth enamel as a record of seasonal variations in continental climate variables, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.62, pp.1839-1850, 1998.

B. Fry, W. Brand, F. J. Mersch, K. Tholke, and R. Garritt, Automated analysis system for coupled d 13 C and d 15 N measurements, Analytical Chemistry, vol.64, pp.288-291, 1992.

A. Giesemann, H. J. Jaeger, A. L. Norman, H. R. Krouse, and W. Brandt, Online sulfur-isotope determination using an elemental analyser coupled to a mass spectrometer, Analytical Chemistry, vol.66, pp.2816-2819, 1994.

I. Vienna, TECDOC-825. Reference and intercomparison materials for stable isotopes of light elements, Proceedings of a consultants meeting held in Vienna, pp.1-3, 1993.

M. M. Joachimski, R. Van-geldern, S. Breisig, W. Buggisch, and J. Day, Oxygen isotope evolution of biogenic calcite and apatite during the Middle and Late Devonian, International Journal of Earth Sciences, vol.93, pp.542-553, 2004.

R. Z. Legeros, Apatites in biological systems, Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials, vol.4, pp.1-45, 1981.

R. Z. Legeros, T. Sakae, C. Bautista, M. Retino, and J. P. Legeros, Magnesium and carbonate in enamel and synthetic apatites, Advances in Dental Research, vol.10, pp.225-231, 1996.

B. Mayer and R. H. Krouse, Procedures for sulfur isotope abundance studies. Handbook of isotope analytical techniques, vol.1, p.538, 2004.

, Certificate of analysis for standard reference material 120c, 1988.

T. Preston and N. J. Owens, Preliminary 13 C measurements using a gas chromatograph interfaced to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer, Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, pp.12-21, 1985.

G. L. Sacks, C. J. Wolyniak, and J. T. Brenna, Analysis of quantization error in high precision continuousflow isotope ratio mass spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, vol.1020, pp.273-282, 2003.

S. Sharma, M. M. Joachimski, H. J. Tobschall, I. B. Singh, D. P. Tewari et al., Oxygen isotopes of bovid teeth as archives of palaeoclimatic variations in archaeological deposits of the Ganga plain, India. Quaternary Research, vol.62, pp.19-28, 2004.

H. P. Sieper, H. J. Kupka, L. Lange, A. Roßmann, N. Tanz et al., Essential methodological improvements in the oxygen isotope ratio analysis of N-containing organic compounds, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.24, pp.2849-2858, 2010.

M. Yun, B. Mayer, and S. W. Taylor, 34 S measurements on organic materials by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.19, pp.1429-1436, 2005.

A. Zazzo, M. Balasse, and W. Patterson, High-resolution d 13 C intratooth profiles in bovine enamel: implications for mineralization pattern and isotopic attenuation, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.69, pp.3631-3642, 2005.