,
,
, Les caractéristiques du matériau de l'étude seront rappelées, de même que les mécanismes de précipitation et les phénomènes à prendre en compte pour la modélisation. Dans un premier temps, le modèle de précipitation dans un alliage d'aluminium sera présenté. Ensuite, la création d'une plate-forme de calcul basée sur ce modèle sera décrite, Ennn, les résultats obtenus et les évolutions du modèle métallurgique seront discutés
Précipitation dans les alliages à durcissement structural ,
Innuence de la précipitation sur les propriétés mécaniques- Innuence du cycle thermique ,
Mécanismes de précipitation ,
,
Cinétique de précipitation ,
, État de l'art sur les modèles de precipitations existants
Description du modèle choisi ,
,
Description du modèle orienté objet ,
Mécanismes de durcissement par précipitation des alliages d'aluminium ,
Modélisation du durcissement structural ,
Validation dans le cas de la maturation ,
,
,
Success is the sum of small eeorts ,
, L'objectif de ce chapitre est de présenter les conclusions des travaux eeectués et les développements futurs qui peuvent être envisagés
,
,
,
Couplage thermo-mécano-métallurgique ,
The notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci, Courier Corporation ,
,
Friction Stir Processing for ,
friction stir welding of aluminium alloys. : http : / / www . twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/published-papers/ friction-stir-welding-of-aluminium-alloys ,
EEect of welding parameters on mechanical and fatigue properties of friction stir welded TT aluminum?lithium alloy joints, In: Engineering Fracture Mechanics ,
On the fatigue behaviour and design curves of friction stir butt-welded Al alloys[] CETIM. Soudage par friction-malaxage : une technologie mature, In: International Journal of Fatigue . Actualites ,
Friction stir welding, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1533/9781845697716
Modélisation Numérique Des Phénomènes Physiques Du Soudage Par Friction-Malaxage Et Comportement En Fatigue De Joints Soudés En Aluminium -TT ,
Characterization of plastic ow and resulting microtextures in a friction stir weld, In: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, pp.10-1007 ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11663-004-0018-4
Physical Metallurgy of XXX Aluminum Alloys In: Friction Stir Welding of XXX Aluminum Alloys Including Al- Li Alloys, A Volume in the Friction Stir Welding and Processing Book Series Microstructural evolution and age hardening in aluminium alloys: Atom probe eld-ion microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies, Chap. Physical M. [[[ In: Materials Characterization, p.pp. ???? ,
Precipitation processes during the early stages of ageing in Al???Cu???Mg alloys, Applied Surface Science, vol.94, issue.95, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/0169-4332(95)00383-5
Nucleation of precipitates in aged Al Cu Mg (Ag) alloys with high Cu: Mg ratios, In: Acta Materialia, p.pp. ????? ,
Cluster hardening in an aged Al-Cu-Mg alloy, p.pp. ???? ,
Origins of hardening in aged Al???Gu???Mg???(Ag) alloys, Acta Materialia, vol.45, issue.9, p.pp. ????? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00039-6
Coexistence of clusters, GPB zones, Acta Materialia, p.pp. ????? ,
Response to comments on cluster hardening in an aged Al-Cu-Mg alloy, p.pp. ????? ,
Precipitation hardening of anAl??.. wt% Mg??.. wt% Cu alloy, p.pp. ????? ,
DOI : 10.1016/s1359-6454(98)00033-0
Early ageing mechanisms in a high-copper AlCuMg alloy, Scripta Materialia, vol.45, issue.6, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01080-6
Precipitates and intermetallic phases in precipitation hardening Al???Cu???Mg???(Li) based alloys, International Materials Reviews, vol.84, issue.46, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/0036-9748(87)90234-1
URL : https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/22987/1/Review_of_precipitation_in_Al-Cu-Mg%2528-Li%2529____by_Wang_and_Starink_red.pdf
Crystal structure and stability of complex precipitate phases in Al???Cu???Mg???(Si) and Al???Zn???Mg alloys, Acta Materialia, vol.49, issue.16, p.pp. ????? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00229-4
Mechanism of Artiicial Aging of Al-Cu-Mg Alloy, In: Doklady Akad Nauk SSSR, p.pp. ???? ,
The assessment of GPBB/S " structures in Al?Cu? Mg alloys, In: Materials Science, p.pp. ???? ,
Development and application of an analytical process model for friction stir welding, TMS Annual Meeting, p.pp. ???? ,
Heat Flow Model for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys, Journal of Materials Processing & Manufacturing Science, vol.7, issue.2 ,
DOI : 10.1106/648R-2CNE-2PD0-45L6
Coupled thermomechanical analysis of friction stir welding process using simpliied models In: Science and Technology of Welding and, pp.10-1179 ,
Development of Trivex friction stir welding tool Part ? three-dimensional ow modelling In: Science and Technology of Welding and ,
Predicting residual thermal stresses in friction stir welded metals, In: Journal of Materials Processing Technology ,
An analytical model for the heat generation in friction stir welding, Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, vol.12, issue.1 ,
DOI : 10.1088/0965-0393/12/1/013
URL : http://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/an-analytical-model-for-the-heat-generation-in-friction-stir-welding(002050c2-46a4-4bb6-9ee9-196bebaddb62).html
Heat Flow Model for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys, Journal of Materials Processing & Manufacturing Science, vol.7, issue.2 ,
DOI : 10.1106/648R-2CNE-2PD0-45L6
Thermomechanical modelling and force analysis of friction stir welding by the nite element method, In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ,
Thermal modeling of friction stir welding in a moving coordinate system and its validation, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol.43, issue.6 ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0890-6955(03)00022-1
Mechanical and thermal modelling of Friction Stir Welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol.171, issue.3, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.07.014
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00292979
Modelling of the residual state of friction stir welded plates, Journal of Materials Processing Technology ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.10.083
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00418564
A Thermal Model of Friction Stir Welding Trends in Welding Research, ASM Proceedings of the International Conference ,
Prediction of temperature distribution and thermal history during friction stir welding: input torque based model In: Science and Technology of Welding and ,
, Simulation du soudage par friction et malaxage à l'aide de méthodes sans maillage
EEect of boundary conditions and heat source distribution on temperature distribution in friction stir welding, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining ,
Light Alloys-Metallurgy of the Light Metals. rd ,
Aluminium Alloys-Contemporary Research and Application ,
Metallurgical aspects aaecting strength of heat-treatable alloy products used in the aerospace industry, Proc. rd Intl. Conf: Aluminium Alloys?Their Physical and Mechanical Properties (ICAAA), p.pp. ??? ,
Report on precipitation, Progress in Metal Physics (((((), p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/0502-8205(54)90006-4
Precipitation hardening ,
Precipitation Hardening (Second Edition) ,
Precipitation hardening, Metallurgical Transactions A, vol.67, issue.12 ,
DOI : 10.1016/B978-1-4832-8412-5.50108-9
Physical modelling of materials problems, In: Materials Science and Technology, p.pp. ???? ,
Predicting the structural performance of heat-treatable Al-alloys, In: Materials science forum, p.pp. ???? ,
,
Comparison of methods for thermodynamic calculation of phase diagrams, In: International Metals Reviews, p.pp. ??? ,
Modelling of friction stir welding of xxx aluminium alloys, In: Materials Science, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.msea.2007.02.070
A quantitative interpretation of DSC experiments on quenched and aged SiC p reinforced alloys, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/0956-716x(95)00317-o
URL : http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/41454/1/1995_StarinkGregson_ScrMater.pdf
Overview No. 124 Modelling of precipitation reactions in industrial processing, Acta Materialia, vol.45, issue.1, p.pp. ??? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00100-0
Constitution of alloys In: Paper from Aluminium ,
Discussion of "on the growth kinetics of plate-shaped precipitates in aluminum-copper and aluminum-gold alloys, pp.10-1016 ,
The theory of transformations in metals and alloys ,
Homogeneous Second-Phase Precipitation, In: Phase Transformations in Materials, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1002/9783527603978.mst0388
An analysis method for nucleation and growth controlled reactions at constant heating rate, Thermochimica Acta, vol.292, issue.1-2, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-6031(96)03135-8
Innuence of predeformation and ageing of an Al? Zn?Mg alloy?II. Modeling of precipitation kinetics and yield stress, In: Acta Materialia, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/s1359-6454(98)00296-1
Modelling of non-isothermal transformations in alloys containing a particle distribution, Acta Materialia, vol.48, issue.7, p.pp. ????? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00435-8
Dispersoid precipitation and process modelling in zirconium containing commercial aluminium alloys, Acta Materialia, vol.49, issue.4, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00351-7
URL : http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2002/robson/actapap.pdf
Nucleation, Growth and Coarsening of Spherical Precipitates in Aluminum Alloys, Materials Science Forum, vol.331, issue.337, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.331-337.513
Phase Transformations ,
Finite element modeling of friction stir welding???thermal and thermomechanical analysis, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol.43, issue.13, pp.10-1016 ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0890-6955(03)00158-5
Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding, Materials Science Forum, vol.426, issue.432, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.426-432.2993
The nite element simulation of the friction stir welding process, In: Materials Science and Engineering ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.msea.2005.05.052
A local model for the thermomechanical conditions in friction stir welding, Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, vol.13, issue.1 ,
DOI : 10.1088/0965-0393/13/1/006
A continuum based fem model for friction stir welding -Model development : 10.1016/j. msea.2005.09.040. : https://www.scopus.com/inward/ record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33644929013{\&}doi=10 EEect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of AAAAAA-TT friction stir welded joints, Verreman, L.b Dubourg, and P.b Wanjara ,
, Predicting residual distortion of aluminum alloy stiiened sheet after friction stir welding by numerical simulation
Modelling of entire friction stir welding process by explicit nite element method, In: Materials Science and Technology (United Kingdom) ,
Investigations of friction stir welding process using nite element method : 10 . 1007 / s00170 -013 -4798 -z. : https : / / www . scopus . com / inward / record Experimental and numerical investigation of the plunge stage in friction stir welding, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology .. In: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, p.pp. ???? ,
Finite element modelling and control of new metal forming processes, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol.46, issue.11, pp.10-1016 ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.01.031
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00512769
, Three-dimensional modeling of the friction stir-welding process In: International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture
-Dimensional CFD modelling of ow round a threaded friction stir welding tool proole, In: Journal of Materials Processing Technology ,
Numerical investigation of the tool contact condition during friction stir welding of aerospace aluminium alloy CFD modelling of friction stir welding of thick plate aluminium alloy, friction stir welding 4028{\ % }252fwww . scientific . net{\ % }252fAMR . 622 -623 . 289{\ & }partnerID = 40{\ & }md5 = d6f9b264649a84f2bafcf01a2b235bab. [[[, p.pp. ???? ,
, Three-dimensional modeling of the friction stir-welding process In: International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture
A friction stir welding model using computational uid dynamics In: TMS Annual Meeting ,
Two-dimensional friction stir welding process model based on uid mechanics In: Science and Technology of Welding and, 2003. ,
A D numerical simulation of diierent phases of friction stir welding, In: Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering ,
Numerical simulation of heat transfer in friction stir welding of -TT aluminum alloy and high carbon steel using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian technique ,
A study of texture patterns in friction stir welds Three-Dimensional Modeling of Void Growth in Friction Stir Welding of Stainless Steel, [[[] Youliang He ,
, Analyses exprémintale et numérique du procédé de soudage par friction malaxage FSW
A new smoothed particle hydrodynamics non- Newtonian model for friction stir welding: Process modeling and simulation of microstructure evolution in a magnesium alloy Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding by Natural Element Methods, In: International Journal of Plasticity In: International Journal of Material Forming, pp.10-12289, 1007. ,
Modélisation DEM thermo-mécanique d'un milieu continu. Vers la simulation du procédé FSW ,
Combined Discrete/Finite Element Multiscale Approach for Modelling of the Tool/Workpiece Interface during High Shear Processing: Hot Rolling and Friction Stir Welding Applications, Materials Science Forum, vol.638, issue.642 ,
DOI : 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.638-642.2622
Advances on Modelling of the Tool/Workpiece Interface during High Shear Processing, Materials Science Forum, vol.654, issue.656 ,
DOI : 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.654-656.1634
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics In: Annual Review of Astronomy and Modeling of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process with Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) : https : / / www . scopus . com / inward / record . uri ? Modélisation du procédé de soudage FSW à l'aide de la méthode SPH The natural element method in solid mechanics, Colloque National en Calcul des Structures. . [[[] N. Sukumar, pp.10-1002, 19981115. ,
, NME423{\%}3E3.0.CO, vol.2
A computer model for simulating progressive large-scale movements in blocky rock systems, Proocedings of the Symposio of the International Society of Rock Mechanics ,
A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies Discrete element method to simulate continuous material by using the cohesive beam model, In: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering ,
Discretecontinuum Coupling Method to Simulate Highly Dynamic Multi-scale Problems: Simulation of Laser-induced Damage in Silica Glass ,
Thermique à l'échelle submicronique Introduction à la dynamique moléculaire In: Techniques de l'ingénieur Transferts thermiques base docum.ref, p.beeeee ((((( ,
On the Determination of Molecular Fields. II. From the Equation of State of a Gas, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol.106, issue.738 ,
DOI : 10.1098/rspa.1924.0082
Development of numerical simulation model for FSW employing particle method Discrete Element Method, a tool to investigate complex thermo mechanical behaviour: Application to friction stir welding, In: Science and Technology of Welding and Joining . In: International Journal of Material, pp.10-12289, 1007. ,
Modélisation par éléments discrets des phases d'ébauchage et de doucissage de la silice, 201214501. ,
Discrete-continuum coupling method for simulation of laser_induced damage in silica glass ,
, A DEM model for soft and hard rocks: Role of grain interlocking on strength In: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of
Geometric Numerical Integration for Complex Dynamics of Tethered Spacecraft http:// arxiv.org/abs/1010.1724. [[[[] I Terreros, I Iordanoo, Simulation of continuum heat conduction using DEM domains Precipitation Hardening, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering . In: Computational Materials Science In: Modern Physical Metallurgy, p.pp. ???? ,
Phase diagram, solidiication and heat treatment of aluminum alloys, th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys, p.pp. ??? ,
A model for precipitation kinetics and strengthening in Al???Cu???Mg alloys, Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol.472, issue.1-2, p.pp. ??? ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.msea.2007.03.033
The strain energy of a coherent ellipsoidal precipitate, Scripta Metallurgica, vol.8, issue.12, p.pp. ????? ,
DOI : 10.1016/0036-9748(74)90187-2
The innuence of elastic strain on the shape of particles segregating in an alloy, In: Proceedings of the Physical Society, p.p ,
, Strength Modelling of Al-Cu-Mg Type Alloys
Structure determination and structure reenement of AllCuMg precipitates by quantitative high-resolution electron microscopy, p.pp. ??? ,
Microstrucure and strengthening of Al???Li???Cu???Mg alloys and MMCs: II. Modelling of yield strength, Acta Materialia, vol.47, issue.14, p.pp. ????? ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00228-1
Room temperature precipitation in quenched Al?Cu?Mg alloys: a model for the reaction kinetics and yield strength development, In: Philosophical Magazine ,
Integrated modelling of precipitation during friction stir welding of -TT aluminium alloy, In: Materials Science and Technology, p.10, 1179. ,
Precipitates and intermetallic phases in precipitation hardening Al???Cu???Mg???(Li) based alloys, Decomposition of Alloys: the Early Stages, p.pp. ????, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0036-9748(87)90234-1
Nucleus formation in supersaturated systems, In: Z. Phys. Chem ,
Kinetische Behandlung der Keimbildung in übersättigten Dämpfen In: Annalen der ,
, On the theory of new phase formation: cavitation, p.pp. ???
, On the equilibrium of heterogeneous substances, In: American Journal of Science, p.pp. ????
Implementation of classical nucleation and growth theories for precipitation, Acta Materialia, vol.56, issue.9, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.12.050
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01540121
Innuences de la précipitation sur le comportement thermomécanique lors de la trempe d'un alliage Al-Zn-Mg-Cu ,
, Interactions entre lacunes trempées et impuretés dans les métaux et alliages
Vacancies in ternary alloys, Acta Metallurgica, vol.19, issue.7, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1016/0001-6160(71)90014-9
, Bibliographie
, Modélisation intégrée de la précipitation pour le soudage par friction malaxage d'alliages d'aluminium à durcissement structural
Cinétiques de précipitation du carbure de niobium dans la ferrite ,
, Durcissement par précipitation des alliages d 'aluminium, p.pp. ???
Microstructural factors governing hardness in friction-stir welds of solid-solution-hardened Al alloys, In: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, pp.11661-11662 ,
, Cécile Genevois Genèse des microstructures lors du soudage par friction malaxage d'alliages d'aluminium de la série & et comportement mécanique résultant
A model for precipitation kinetics and hardening in Al-Cu-Mg alloys ,
, Cécile Genevois Genèse des microstructures lors du soudage par friction malaxage d'alliages d'aluminium de la série & et comportement mécanique résultant
Simulating Microscopic Hydrodynamic Phenomena with Dissipative Particle Dynamics, Europhysics Letters (EPL), vol.19, issue.3, p.pp. ???? ,
DOI : 10.1209/0295-5075/19/3/001
Dissipative Particle Dynamics, In: Reviews in Computational Chemistry ,
Virial Theorem Generalized, American Journal of Physics, vol.42, issue.3, 1987655. ,
DOI : 10.1119/1.1987655
Virial stress based model to simulate the silica glass densiication with the discrete element method : . : 10.1002/nme.5589 Innuence of interfacial properties on the kinetics of precipitation and precipitate coarsening in aluminium-silver alloys, In: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol.5589, issue.79, pp.10-1016 ,
Modeling the strengthening response to aging process of heat-treatable aluminum alloys containing plate/disc-or rod/needle-shaped precipitates Coupled precipitation and yield strength modelling for non-isothermal treatments of a aluminium alloy, In: Materials Science and Engineering Acta Materialia, issue.02, pp.10-1016 ,