S. Parkin, X. Jiang, C. Kaiser, A. Panchula, K. Roche et al., Magnetically engineered spintronic sensors and memory, Proceedings of the IEEE, pp.661-680, 2003.
DOI : 10.1109/JPROC.2003.811807

A. Lääperi, Active matrix, organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs) for displays, Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), pp.445-458, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098948.3.445

D. J. , A. , and W. Geven, New position detectors based on AMR sensors. Sensors and Actuators A : Physical, pp.48-53, 2000.

G. E. Moore, Cramming More Components Onto Integrated Circuits, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.86, issue.1, 1965.
DOI : 10.1109/JPROC.1998.658762

M. Julliere, Tunneling between ferromagnetic films, Physics Letters A, vol.54, issue.3, pp.225-226, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/0375-9601(75)90174-7

M. N. Baibich, J. M. Broto, A. Fert, F. Nguyen-van-dau, F. Petroff et al., Giant Magnetoresistance of (001)Fe/(001)Cr Magnetic Superlattices, Physical Review Letters, vol.37, issue.21, pp.61-2472, 1988.
DOI : 10.1002/pssb.2220620122

G. Binasch, P. Grünberg, F. Saurenbach, and W. Zinn, Enhanced magnetoresistance in layered magnetic structures with antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange, Physical Review B, vol.61, issue.7, p.4828, 1989.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2472

. Shi-wen, L. Chiu, H. Lin, Y. Lin, Z. Chen et al., A donor?acceptor?acceptor molecule for vacuum-processed organic solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 6, 4%. Chem. Commun, vol.48, issue.13, pp.1857-1859, 1039.

G. Reecht, F. Scheurer, V. Speisser, Y. J. Dappe, F. Mathevet et al., Electroluminescence of a Polythiophene Molecular Wire Suspended between a Metallic Surface and the Tip of a Scanning Tunneling Microscope, Physical Review Letters, vol.112, issue.4, 2014.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1812592

P. Seneor, A. Jaafar, C. Rinaldi, S. Javaid, J. Arabski et al., Direct observation of a highly spin-polarized organic spinterface at room temperature, Scientific Reports, vol.3, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01572846

C. Tiusan, . Greullet, . Hehn, . Montaigne, and . Andrieu, Spin tunnelling phenomena in single-crystal magnetic tunnel junction systems, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, vol.19, issue.16, pp.1652010953-8984, 2007.
DOI : 10.1088/0953-8984/19/16/165201

F. Djeghloul, G. Garreau, M. Gruber, L. Joly, S. Boukari et al., Highly spin-polarized carbon-based spinterfaces, Carbon, vol.87, pp.269-274, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.02.043

. Sony, Image libre de droits, 2010.

S. Mittal, J. S. Vetter, and D. Li, A Survey Of Architectural Approaches for Managing Embedded DRAM and Non-Volatile On-Chip Caches, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol.26, issue.6, pp.1524-1537, 2015.
DOI : 10.1109/TPDS.2014.2324563

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01102387

T. Yiling, L. , and J. Taipei, Samsung to soon start mass producing 28nm embedded mram, DIGITIMES, 2017.

A. Barthélémy, M. Bowen, and J. Cibert, De nouveaux matériaux pour l'électronique de spin, pp.6-11, 2009.

C. Barraud, P. Seneor, R. Mattana, S. Fusil, K. Bouzehouane et al., Unravelling the role of the interface for spin injection into organic semiconductors, Nature Physics, vol.3, issue.8, pp.615-620, 1038.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfrep.2008.06.002

J. Eschenmoser, Image libre de droits, 2008.

M. Ashida, N. Uyeda, and E. Suito, Thermal transformation of vacuum-condensed thin films of copper-phthalocyanine, Journal of Crystal Growth, vol.8, issue.1, pp.45-56, 1971.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0248(71)90021-2

S. Yim, S. Heutz, and T. S. Jones, Model for the ???????1 phase transition in phthalocyanine thin films, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.38, issue.6, pp.3632-3636, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/jp0000836

T. Kobayashi, Y. Fujiyoshi, F. Iwatsu, and N. Uyeda, High-resolution TEM images of zinc phthalocyanine polymorphs in thin films, Acta Crystallographica Section A, vol.37, issue.5, pp.692-697, 1981.
DOI : 10.1107/S0567739481001563

URL : http://journals.iucr.org/a/issues/1981/05/00/a19741/a19741.pdf

R. Gould, Structure and electrical conduction properties of phthalocyanine thin films, Coordination Chemistry Reviews, vol.156, issue.156, pp.237-274, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-8545(96)01238-6

E. Jungyoon, K. Sunmi, L. Eunju, L. Kiejin, C. Deokjoon et al., Effects of substrate temperature on copper(II) phthalocyanine thin films, Applied Surface Science, issue.205, pp.274-279, 2003.

M. Liao and S. Scheiner, Electronic structure and bonding in metal phthalocyanines, Metal=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg, The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol.622, issue.22, pp.9780-9791, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-2852(70)90050-0

URL : https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1174&context=chem_facpub

X. Sun, B. Wang, and Y. Yamauchi, Electronic Structure and Spin Polarization of Metal (Mn, Fe, Cu) Phthalocyanines on an Fe(100) Surface by First-Principles Calculations, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol.116, issue.35, pp.18752-18758, 2012.
DOI : 10.1021/jp304361n

S. Javaid, M. Bowen, S. Boukari, L. Joly, J. Beaufrand et al., Impact on Interface Spin Polarization of Molecular Bonding to Metallic Surfaces, Physical Review Letters, vol.105, issue.7, pp.1079-7114, 2010.
DOI : 10.1126/science.286.5439.507

S. Schmaus, A. Bagrets, Y. Nahas, T. K. Yamada, A. Bork et al., Giant magnetoresistance through a single molecule, Nature Nanotechnology, vol.27, issue.3, pp.185-189, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/jcc.20495

URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/1102.2630

M. Farady, Experimental Researches in Electricity, 1839.

E. Becquerel, Mémoire sur les effets électriques produits sous l'influence des rayons solaires, 1839.

S. Kasap, . Hall, . In, and . Semiconductors, , 1996.

S. Millman, Physics Today, vol.38, issue.3, 1925.
DOI : 10.1063/1.2814500

P. Kuiper and G. Paumier, Figure sous GNU FreeDocumentation Li- cense

S. O. Kasap and P. Capper, Springer Handbook of Electronic and Photonic Materials, 2006.

K. Suzuki and K. Kijima, Optical Band Gap of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Prepared by RF-plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, vol.44, issue.4A, p.442081, 2005.
DOI : 10.1143/JJAP.44.2081

A. I. Fahmi-fariq-muhammad, A. Hapip, and K. Sulaiman, Study of optoelectronic energy bands and molecular energy levels of tris (8-hydroxyquinolinate) gallium and aluminum organometallic materials from their spectroscopic and electrochemical analysis, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol.695, issue.23, pp.2526-2531, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.07.026

A. S. Grove, Physics and Technology of Semiconductor Devices, 1967.

S. M. Sze, Semiconductor Devices, Physics and Technology, 2002.

H. E. Ruda, A theoretical analysis of electron transport in ZnSe, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.50, issue.4, pp.1220-1231, 1986.
DOI : 10.1063/1.94366

D. Wolpert and P. Ampadu, Managing Temperature Effects in Nanoscale Adaptive Systems, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4614-0748-5

B. Van-zeghbroeck, Principles of Semiconductor Devices, 2001.

P. Fidi, L. Paul, and B. Mills, Figures dans le domaine public, 2006.

A. Köhler and H. Bässler, Electronic Processes in Organic Semiconductors : An Introduction, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/9783527685172

N. F. Mott, Conduction in non-crystalline materials, Philosophical Magazine, vol.24, issue.160, pp.835-852, 1969.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.148.741

A. Barbot, Dopage Par Co-Sublimation de Semi-Conducteurs Organiques Pour La Conversion En Énergie : Applications Aux Cellules Photovoltaïques, 2014.

C. Longeaud, J. Amir-fath-allah, M. Schmidt, S. El-yaakoubi, N. Berson et al., Determination of diffusion lengths in organic semiconductors: Correlation with solar cell performances, Organic Electronics, vol.31, pp.253-257, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.orgel.2016.01.043

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01288220

F. Kling, Figure libre de droits

J. Bardeen, Tunnelling from a Many-Particle Point of View, Physical Review Letters, vol.34, issue.2, p.57, 1961.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.108.1175

J. G. Simmons, Generalized Formula for the Electric Tunnel Effect between Similar Electrodes Separated by a Thin Insulating Film, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.16, issue.6, pp.1793-1803, 1963.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1753783

W. F. Brinkman, R. C. Dynes, and J. M. Rowell, Tunneling Conductance of Asymmetrical Barriers, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.41, issue.5, pp.1915-1921, 1970.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.180.658

R. Stratton, Volt-current characteristics for tunneling through insulating films, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, vol.23, issue.9, pp.1177-1190, 1962.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3697(62)90165-8

G. Wentzel, Eine verallgemeinerung der quantenbedingungen für die zwecke der wellenmechanik. Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, pp.518-529, 1926.
DOI : 10.1007/bf01397171

H. A. Kramers, Wellenmechanik und halbzahlige Quantisierung Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, pp.828-840, 1926.
DOI : 10.1007/bf01451751

L. Brillouin, Remarques sur la m??canique ondulatoire, Journal de Physique et le Radium, vol.7, issue.12, pp.353-368, 1926.
DOI : 10.1051/jphysrad:01926007012035300

J. Mathon and A. Umerski, Theory of tunneling magnetoresistance of an epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe(001) junction, Physical Review B, vol.4, issue.22, 2001.
DOI : 10.1088/0022-3719/4/8/018

Y. Ke, K. Xia, and H. Guo, Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Diffusive Scattering in Fe / MgO / Fe Magnetic Tunnel Junctions, Physical Review Letters, vol.105, issue.23, 2010.
DOI : 10.1103/physrevlett.105.236801

S. Ikeda, J. Hayakawa, Y. Ashizawa, Y. M. Lee, K. Miura et al., Tunnel magnetoresistance of 604% at 300K by suppression of Ta diffusion in CoFeB???MgO???CoFeB pseudo-spin-valves annealed at high temperature, Applied Physics Letters, vol.2005, issue.8, pp.82508-1077, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02811600

C. John and . Slonczewski, Conductance and exchange coupling of two ferromagnets separated by a tunneling barrier, Physical Review B, vol.39, issue.10, p.6995, 1989.

M. B. Stearns, Simple explanation of tunneling spin-polarization of Fe, Co, Ni and its alloys, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol.5, issue.2, pp.167-171, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-8853(77)90185-8

A. M. Bratkovsky, Tunneling of electrons in conventional and half-metallic systems: Towards very large magnetoresistance, Physical Review B, vol.79, issue.5, p.2344, 1997.
DOI : 10.1063/1.362029

Y. Evgeny, Z. Tsymbal, and . Igor, Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism, 2011.

J. H. Hubbell, H. A. Gimm, and I. Overbo, =1 to 100, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, vol.9, issue.4, p.1023, 1980.
DOI : 10.1063/1.555629

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00214604

P. Willmott, An Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation : Techniques and Applications, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/9781119970958

M. Munoz, Comportement d'éléments Formateurs et Modificateurs de Réseau Dans Des Magmas Hydratés, 2003.

C. Mariani, Photoelectron spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation, In CONFE- RENCE PROCEEDINGS-ITALIAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Editrice Compositori, vol.82, pp.211-262, 1999.

A. Takayama, High-Resolution Spin-Resolved Photoemission Spectrometer and the Rashba Effect in Bismuth Thin Films
DOI : 10.1007/978-4-431-55028-0

J. Ladislas and W. , Microchannel plate detectors, Nuclear Instruments and Methods, vol.162, issue.1-3, pp.587-601, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0029-554X(79)90734-1

M. Studniarek, Interface and Multifunctional Device Spintronics. Studies with Synchrotron Radiation, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01469309

W. Umrath, Fundamentals of Vacuum Technology. Oerlikon leybold vacuum, 2007.

N. Marquardt, Introduction to the principles of vacuum physics. Cern european organization for nuclear research-reports-cern, pp.1-24, 1999.

J. Rouxel and P. Claude, , 1968.

P. Sigmund, Mechanisms and theory of physical sputtering by particle impact. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in, Physics Research, vol.27, 1987.

M. Donald and . Mattox, Handbook of physical vapor deposition (PVD) processing, 2010.

E. Virgil and . Bottom, Introduction to Quartz Crystal Unit Design. Van Nostrand Reinhold electrical/computer science and engineering series, 1982.

P. Atkins and J. Paula, Physical Chemistry. W. H. Freeman, 2006.

W. Braun, Applied RHEED : Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction during Crystal Growth, 1999.

M. Acosta, Figure reproduite avec l'autorisation de l'auteur

V. Holy, J. Kubena, I. Ohli, K. Lischka, and W. , Plotz, and others. X-ray reflection from rough layered systems, Physical review B, issue.23, p.4715896, 1993.

, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 1966.

U. Halisdemir, Probing the Impact of Structural Defects on Spin Dependent Tunneling Using Photons
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01468571

C. S. Schnohr and M. C. Ridgway, Introduction to X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, Absorption Spectroscopy of Semiconductors, vol.190, pp.1-26, 2015.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-662-44362-0_1

B. L. Mehdi, J. Qian, E. Nasybulin, C. Park, D. A. Welch et al., Observation and Quantification of Nanoscale Processes in Lithium Batteries by Operando Electrochemical (S)TEM. Nano Letters, pp.2168-2173, 2015.

L. Joly, B. Muller, E. Sternitzky, J. Faullumel, A. Boulard et al., electrical transport measurements, Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, vol.10, issue.3, pp.652-657, 2016.
DOI : 10.1038/nmat3098

A. Michel, W. H. Van-hove, C. Weinberg, and . Chan, Low-Energy Electron Diffraction, volume 6 of Springer Series in Surface Sciences, pp.978-981, 1986.

F. John, J. Watts, . J. Wolstenholme, and . Wiley, An Introduction to Surface Analysis by XPS and AES, 2003.

C. A. Mack, Field Guide to Optical Lithography, volume FG06, 2006.

C. G. Willson, R. R. Dammel, and A. Reiser, Photoresist materials : A historical perspective, Microlithography'97 International Society for Optics and Photonics, pp.38-51, 1997.

R. K. Christie and . Marrian, Electron-beam lithography with the scanning tunneling microscope, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B : Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, vol.10, issue.6, p.2877, 1992.

D. B. Hall, P. Underhill, and J. M. Torkelson, Spin coating of thin and ultrathin polymer films, Polymer Engineering & Science, vol.26, issue.12, pp.2039-2045, 1998.
DOI : 10.1021/ie50294a020

C. Cardinaud, M. Peignon, and P. Tessier, Plasma etching: principles, mechanisms, application to micro- and nano-technologies, Applied Surface Science, vol.164, issue.1-4, pp.72-83, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00328-7

, SUSS MicroTec. Manual mask aligner, 2013.

R. Danz and P. Gretscher, C???DIC: a new microscopy method for rational study of phase structures in incident light arrangement, Thin Solid Films, vol.462, issue.463, pp.462-463, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.05.124

W. G. Wang, A. Pearse, M. Li, S. Hageman, A. X. Chen et al., Parallel fabrication of magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars by nanosphere lithography, Scientific Reports, vol.90, issue.1, 2013.
DOI : 10.1063/1.2426902

A. Pizzi and K. L. , Handbook of Adhesive Technology. M. Dekker, 2003.

G. Chaumy, Image MEB bille 500 nm et trou

C. Tiusan, J. Sicot, . Faure-vincent, C. Hehn, . Bellouard et al., Static and dynamic aspects of spin tunnelling in crystalline magnetic tunnel junctions, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, vol.18, issue.3, pp.941-9560953, 2006.
DOI : 10.1088/0953-8984/18/3/012

C. Tiusan, M. Sicot, M. Hehn, C. Belouard, S. Andrieu et al., Fe???MgO interface engineering for high-output-voltage device applications, Applied Physics Letters, vol.3, issue.6, p.62512, 2006.
DOI : 10.1088/0953-8984/18/3/012

F. Djeghloul, M. Gruber, E. Urbain, D. Xenioti, L. Joly et al., High Spin Polarization at Ferromagnetic Metal???Organic Interfaces: A Generic Property, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, vol.7, issue.13, pp.2310-2315, 2016.
DOI : 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01112

M. Gruber, F. Ibrahim, F. Djedhloul, C. Barraud, G. Garreau et al., Alouani, E. Beaurepaire, and M. Bowen. Simple and advanced ferromagnet/molecule spinterfaces, p.99313, 2016.

T. X. Wang, Y. Li, K. J. Lee, J. U. Cho, D. K. Kim et al., Influence of interface state in Fe/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junction system: C modified interfaces???a first principle study, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.109, issue.8, pp.83714-1089, 2011.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.092405

E. Y. Tsymbal, A. Sokolov, I. F. Sabirianov, and B. Doudin, Resonant Inversion of Tunneling Magnetoresistance, Physical Review Letters, vol.14, issue.18, 2003.
DOI : 10.1088/0953-8984/14/18/201

F. Schleicher, Impact of Structural Defects on Spin-Polarized Transport across Magnetic Tunnel Junctions, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00864726

J. Bernos, M. Hehn, F. Montaigne, C. Tiusan, D. Lacour et al., Impact of electron-electron interactions induced by disorder at interfaces on spin-dependent tunneling in Co-Fe-B/MgO/Co-Fe-B magnetic tunnel junctions, Physical Review B, vol.82, issue.6, pp.1550-235, 2010.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.29.1088

F. Schleicher, . Halisdemir, . Urbain, . Lacour, . Gallart et al., MgO magnetic tunnel junctions of enduring F-type upon annealing, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol.48, issue.43, pp.435004-1361, 2015.
DOI : 10.1088/0022-3727/48/43/435004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01284014

L. E. Davis, N. Macdonald, P. W. Palmberg, G. E. Riach, and R. E. Weber, Handbook of Auger Electron Spectroscopy, 1976.

X. Chen, Y. Fu, S. Ji, T. Zhang, P. Cheng et al., Probing Superexchange Interaction in Molecular Magnets by Spin-Flip Spectroscopy and Microscopy, Physical Review Letters, vol.101, issue.19, pp.1079-7114, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/adma.200701458

R. Sessoli, Single-atom data storage, Nature, 2017.

M. Ormaza, N. Bachellier, M. N. Faraggi, B. Verlhac, P. Abufager et al., Efficient Spin-Flip Excitation of a Nickelocene Molecule, Nano Letters, vol.17, issue.3, pp.1877-1882, 2017.
DOI : 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05204

Y. Bae, N. Lee, and T. Kim, Electrical Characteristics of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Different Cu-Phthalocyanine Barrier Thicknesses, Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society, vol.22, issue.5, pp.162-166, 2012.
DOI : 10.4283/JKMS.2012.22.5.162

K. Bouzehouane, S. Fusil, M. Bibes, J. Carrey, T. Blon et al., Nanolithography Based on Real-Time Electrically Controlled Indentation with an Atomic Force Microscope for Nanocontact Elaboration, Nano Letters, vol.3, issue.11, pp.1599-1602, 2003.
DOI : 10.1021/nl034610j

C. Barraud, K. Bouzehouane, C. Deranlot, S. Fusil, H. Jabbar et al., Unidirectional Spin-Dependent Molecule-Ferromagnet Hybridized States Anisotropy in Cobalt Phthalocyanine Based Magnetic Tunnel Junctions, Physical Review Letters, vol.114, issue.20, pp.1079-7114, 2015.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.11571

Z. H. Xiong, D. Wu, Z. Valy, J. Vardeny, and . Shi, Giant magnetoresistance in organic spin-valves, Nature, vol.427, issue.6977, pp.821-824, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02325

F. J. Wang, Z. H. Xiong, D. Wu, J. Shi, and Z. V. Vardeny, Organic spintronics: The case of Fe/Alq3/Co spin-valve devices, Synthetic Metals, vol.155, issue.1, pp.172-175, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.07.345

C. Gould, C. Rüster, T. Jungwirth, E. Girgis, G. M. Schott et al., Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance: A Spin-Valve-Like Tunnel Magnetoresistance Using a Single Magnetic Layer, Physical Review Letters, vol.240, issue.11, pp.1079-7114, 2004.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1571666

URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0407735

M. Ciorga, . Schlapps, . Einwanger, . Geißler, . Sadowski et al., TAMR effect in (Ga,Mn)As-based tunnel structures, New Journal of Physics, vol.9, issue.9, pp.351-3511367, 2007.
DOI : 10.1088/1367-2630/9/9/351

URL : http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/9/9/351/pdf

C. Rüster, C. Gould, T. Jungwirth, J. Sinova, G. M. Schott et al., Very Large Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance ofa(G a,M n)A s/GaAs/ ( Ga , Mn ) As Stack, Physical Review Letters, vol.94, issue.2, pp.1079-7114, 2005.

M. Grünewald, N. Homonnay, J. Kleinlein, and G. Schmidt, Voltage-controlled oxide barriers in organic/hybrid spin valves based on tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance, Physical Review B, vol.90, issue.20, 2014.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb09810.x

T. Kamiya, C. Miyahara, and H. Tada, (110) substrates, Applied Physics Letters, vol.110, issue.3, p.32401, 2017.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.056601

J. S. Jiang, J. E. Pearson, and S. D. Bader, Absence of spin transport in the organic semiconductor Alq3, Physical Review B, vol.77, issue.3, 2008.

D. Tho, G. Nguyen, F. Hukic-markosian, L. Wang, X. Wojcik et al., Isotope effect in spin response of ?-conjugated polymer films and devices, Nature Materials, vol.9, issue.4, pp.345-352, 1038.

F. Wang, Z. Valy, and . Vardeny, Recent advances in organic spin-valve devices, Synthetic Metals, vol.160, issue.3-4, pp.3-4210, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.10.014

F. J. Wang, C. G. Yang, Z. Valy, X. G. Vardeny, and . Li, Spin response in organic spin valves based on La 2, Physical Review B, vol.75, issue.24, 2007.
DOI : 10.1103/physrevb.75.245324

Y. Liu, T. Lee, H. E. Katz, and D. H. Reich, Effects of carrier mobility and morphology in organic semiconductor spin valves, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.105, issue.7, 2009.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.045208

T. Ikegami, I. Kawayama, M. Tonouchi, S. Nakao, Y. Yamashita et al., Planar-type spin valves based on low-molecular-weight organic materials with La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 electrodes, Applied Physics Letters, vol.92, issue.15, p.153304, 2008.
DOI : 10.1063/1.102658

A. Fert and H. Jaffrès, Conditions for efficient spin injection from a ferromagnetic metal into a semiconductor, Physical Review B, vol.77, issue.18, 2001.
DOI : 10.1063/1.127097

H. Yan, A. J. Bergren, R. Mccreery, M. L. Della-rocca, P. Martin et al., Activationless charge transport across 4.5 to 22 nm in molecular electronic junctions, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, pp.5326-5330, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/qua.10436

URL : http://www.pnas.org/content/110/14/5326.full.pdf

K. Iniewski, Nano-Semiconductors : Devices and Technology, 2011.

J. J. Akerman, R. Escudero, C. Leighton, S. Kim, D. A. Rabson et al., Criteria for ferromagnetic???insulator???ferromagnetic tunneling, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol.240, issue.1-3, pp.86-91, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-8853(01)00712-0

S. Loth, P. Christopher, A. J. Lutz, and . Heinrich, Spin-polarized spin excitation spectroscopy, New Journal of Physics, vol.12, issue.12, p.125021, 2010.
DOI : 10.1088/1367-2630/12/12/125021

URL : http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/12/12/125021/pdf

C. Barraud, K. Bouzehouane, C. Deranlot, D. J. Kim, R. Rakshit et al., Phthalocyanine based molecular spintronic devices, Dalton Transactions, vol.86, issue.42, pp.16694-16699, 1039.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.184423

H. Mohammed and J. , Ferromagnet/Phthalocyanines Heterostructures for Spintronics Applications, 2015.

S. Lach, A. Altenhof, K. Tarafder, F. Schmitt, M. Ehesan-ali et al., Metal-Organic Hybrid Interface States of A Ferromagnet/Organic Semiconductor Hybrid Junction as Basis For Engineering Spin Injection in Organic Spintronics, Advanced Functional Materials, vol.45, issue.5, pp.989-997, 2012.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.45.13244

T. S. Santos, J. S. Lee, P. Migdal, I. C. Lekshmi, B. Satpati et al., Room-Temperature Tunnel Magnetoresistance and Spin-Polarized Tunneling through an Organic Semiconductor Barrier, Physical Review Letters, vol.98, issue.1, pp.1079-7114, 2007.
DOI : 10.1063/1.118539

S. Majumdar, H. S. Majumdar, R. Laiho, and R. Österbacka, Comparing small molecules and polymer for future organic spin-valves, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol.423, issue.1-2, pp.169-171, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.12.104

Y. Liu, S. M. Watson, T. Lee, J. M. Gorham, H. E. Katz et al., Correlation between microstructure and magnetotransport in organic semiconductor spin-valve structures, Physical Review B, vol.79, issue.7, pp.1550-235, 2009.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.246602

URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/0810.0289

M. Bowen, J. Maurice, A. Barthélémy, P. Prod-'homme, E. Jacquet et al., Bias-crafted magnetic tunnel junctions with bistable spin-dependent states, Applied Physics Letters, vol.746, issue.10, p.103517, 2006.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.186602

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00205009

J. C. Read, P. G. Mather, and R. A. Buhrman, X-ray photoemission study of CoFeB???MgO thin film bilayers, Applied Physics Letters, vol.90, issue.13, p.132503, 2007.
DOI : 10.1063/1.2426902

URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0702232

A. Chanthbouala, V. Garcia, R. O. Cherifi, K. Bouzehouane, S. Fusil et al., A ferroelectric memristor, Nature Materials, vol.83, issue.10, pp.860-864, 2012.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1621731

URL : http://arxiv.org/pdf/1206.3397

D. Telesca, B. Sinkovic, S. Yang, and S. S. Parkin, X-ray studies of interface Fe-oxide in annealed MgO based magnetic tunneling junctions, Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, vol.185, issue.5-7, pp.5-7133, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.elspec.2012.04.002

J. Lindroos and H. Savin, Review of light-induced degradation in crystalline silicon solar cells, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol.147, pp.115-126, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.11.047

A. Gurlo and R. Riedel, In Situ and Operando Spectroscopy for Assessing Mechanisms of Gas Sensing, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.16, issue.3, pp.3826-3848, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/0470867981

T. Bertaud, M. Sowinska, D. Walczyk, S. Thiess, A. Gloskovskii et al., In-operando and nondestructive analysis of the resistive switching in the Ti/HfO2/TiN-based system by hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Applied Physics Letters, vol.101, issue.14

X. Liu, W. Yang, and Z. Liu, Recent Progress on Synchrotron-Based In-Situ Soft X-ray Spectroscopy for Energy Materials, Advanced Materials, vol.425, issue.111, pp.7710-7729, 2014.
DOI : 10.1038/nmat3065

N. Barrett, D. M. Gottlob, C. Mathieu, C. Lubin, J. Passicousset et al., Operando x-ray photoelectron emission microscopy for studying forward and reverse biased silicon p-n junctions, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.87, issue.5, pp.53703-1089, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.elspec.2013.01.014

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-01481549

G. Miao, M. Münzenberg, S. Jagadeesh, and . Moodera, Tunneling path toward spintronics, Reports on Progress in Physics, vol.74, issue.3, p.36501, 2011.
DOI : 10.1088/0034-4885/74/3/036501

M. Studniarek, U. Halisdemir, F. Schleicher, B. Taudul, E. Urbain et al., Probing a Device's Active Atoms, Advanced Materials, vol.6, issue.19, p.291606578, 2017.
DOI : 10.1038/nphys1688

F. Schleicher, U. Halisdemir, D. Lacour, M. Gallart, S. Boukari et al., Localized states in advanced dielectrics from the vantage of spin- and symmetry-polarized tunnelling across MgO, Nature Communications, vol.50, issue.1, 2014.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2582

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01282617

M. Kapilashrami, H. Zhang, M. Fang, X. Li, X. Sun et al., thin films, Applied Physics Letters, vol.101, issue.8
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.13.5188

C. Martinez-boubeta, L. Balcells, and B. Martínez, On the changes at the Fe/MgO interface upon annealing, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.113, issue.12
DOI : 10.1126/science.1096205

F. M. De-groot, M. Grioni, J. C. Fuggle, J. Ghijsen, G. A. Sawatzky et al., Oxygen 1s x-ray-absorption edges of transition-metal oxides, Physical Review B, issue.8, p.405715, 1989.

X. Zhang, W. H. Butler, and A. Bandyopadhyay, Effects of the iron-oxide layer in Fe-FeO-MgO-Fe tunneling junctions, Physical Review B, vol.65, issue.9, 2003.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.020401

G. X. Miao, Y. J. Park, J. S. Moodera, M. Seibt, G. Eilers et al., Disturbance of Tunneling Coherence by Oxygen Vacancy in Epitaxial Fe / MgO / Fe Magnetic Tunnel Junctions, Physical Review Letters, vol.100, issue.24, pp.1079-7114, 2008.
DOI : 10.1103/physrevlett.100.246803

J. M. Teixeira, J. Ventura, J. P. Araujo, J. B. Sousa, P. Wisniowski et al., Resonant Tunneling through Electronic Trapping States in Thin MgO Magnetic Junctions, Physical Review Letters, vol.106, issue.19, pp.1079-7114, 2011.
DOI : 10.1063/1.2819530

M. Bowen, A. Barthélémy, V. Bellini, M. Bibes, P. Seneor et al., Observation of Fowler???Nordheim hole tunneling across an electron tunnel junction due to total symmetry filtering, Physical Review B, vol.44, issue.14, pp.1550-235, 2006.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1071300

URL : http://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/56062/files/FZJ-56062.pdf

W. H. Butler, X. Zhang, T. C. Schulthess, and J. M. Maclaren, Spin-dependent tunneling conductance of Fe | MgO | Fe sandwiches, Physical Review B, vol.63, issue.5, 2001.

. Boon-keng, P. A. Teo, and . Lee, Ab initio calculations of amplitude and phase functions for extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.101, issue.11, pp.2815-2832, 1979.

J. Mustre-de-leon, J. J. Rehr, S. I. Zabinsky, and R. Albers, curved-wave x-ray-absorption fine structure, Physical Review B, vol.30, issue.2, p.4146, 1991.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.30.4719

M. Gruber, F. Ibrahim, S. Boukari, L. Joly, V. D. Costa et al., Spin-Dependent Hybridization between Molecule and Metal at Room Temperature through Interlayer Exchange Coupling, Nano Letters, vol.15, issue.12, pp.7921-7926, 2015.
DOI : 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02961

M. Gruber, F. Ibrahim, S. Boukari, H. Isshiki, L. Joly et al., Exchange bias and room-temperature magnetic order in molecular layers, Nature Materials, vol.14, issue.10, pp.981-984, 1038.
DOI : 10.1107/S1600577514003671

C. M. Wei and M. Y. Chou, Theory of quantum size effects in thin Pb(111) films, Physical Review B, vol.79, issue.23, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/pssb.2220790115

M. H. Upton, C. M. Wei, M. Y. Chou, T. Miller, and T. Chiang, Thermal Stability and Electronic Structure of Atomically Uniform Pb Films on Si(111), Physical Review Letters, vol.480, issue.2, pp.1079-7114, 2004.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.32.3549

J. Kim, S. Qin, W. Yao, Q. Niu, M. Y. Chou et al., Quantum size effects on the work function of metallic thin film nanostructures, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, pp.12761-12765, 2010.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.57.2579

URL : http://www.pnas.org/content/107/29/12761.full.pdf

N. Miyata, K. Horikoshi, T. Hirahara, S. Hasegawa, C. M. Wei et al., Electronic transport properties of quantum-well states in ultrathin Pb (111) films, Physical Review B, vol.78, issue.24, 2008.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.38.12298

L. Aballe, A. Barinov, A. Locatelli, S. Heun, and M. Kiskinova, Tuning Surface Reactivity via Electron Quantum Confinement, Physical Review Letters, vol.258, issue.19, pp.1079-7114, 2004.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.156801

X. Ma, P. Jiang, Y. Qi, J. Jia, Y. Yang et al., Experimental observation of quantum oscillation of surface chemical reactivities, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, pp.9204-9208, 2007.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.13.5188

URL : http://www.pnas.org/content/104/22/9204.full.pdf

S. S. Parkin, N. More, and K. P. Roche, Oscillations in Exchange Coupling and Magnetoresistance in Metallic Superlattice Structures, Cr. Physical review letters, issue.19, p.64, 1990.
DOI : 10.1103/physrevlett.64.2304

P. Bruno, Y. Suzuki, and C. Chappert, Magneto-optical Kerr effect in a paramagnetic overlayer on a ferromagnetic substrate: A spin-polarized quantum size effect, Physical Review B, vol.47, issue.14, p.539214, 1996.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.1540

C. H. Back, W. Weber, A. Bischof, D. Pescia, and R. Allenspach, Probing oscillatory exchange coupling with a paramagnet, Physical Review B, vol.49, issue.18, p.13114, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01314748

W. Weber, A. Bischof, R. Allenspach, C. Würsch, C. H. Back et al., Oscillatory magnetic anisotropy and quantum well states in Cu/Co/Cu (100) films. Physical review letters, p.763424, 1996.

A. Ney, F. Wilhelm, M. Farle, P. Poulopoulos, P. Srivastava et al., Oscillations of the Curie temperature and interlayer exchange coupling in magnetic trilayers, Physical Review B, vol.57, issue.404, p.3938, 1999.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R14036

T. Chiang, Photoemission studies of quantum well states in thin films, Surface Science Reports, vol.39, issue.7-8, pp.181-235, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-5729(00)00006-6

M. Milun, P. Pervan, and D. P. Woodruff, Quantum well structures in thin metal films : Simple model physics in reality ? Reports on Progress in Physics, 2002.
DOI : 10.1088/0034-4885/65/2/201

T. Uchihashi, J. Zhang, J. Kröger, and R. Berndt, Quantum modulation of the Kondo resonance of Co adatoms on CuCu(100) : Lowtemperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy study, Physical Review B, vol.78, issue.3, 2008.

X. Zhang, A. Zhao, K. Wang, and X. Xiao, Kondo effect of single Co atoms adsorbed on Pb/Si(111) nanoislands, Physical Review B, vol.78, issue.3, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00654541

URL : http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-27679/1/PhysRevB.78.035431.pdf

Y. Fu, S. Ji, X. Chen, . Xu-cun, R. Ma et al., Manipulating the Kondo Resonance through Quantum Size Effects, Physical Review Letters, vol.14, issue.25, pp.1079-7114, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/ic0401039

F. L. Battye, A. Goldmann, and L. Kasper, Ultraviolet Photoelectron Valence Band Studies on Phthalocyanine Compounds, Physica Status Solidi (b), vol.35, issue.2, pp.425-432, 1977.
DOI : 10.1002/pssb.2220800203

T. Schwieger, H. Peisert, M. S. Golden, M. Knupfer, and J. Fink, Electronic structure of the organic semiconductor copper phthalocyanine and K-CuPc studied using photoemission spectroscopy, Physical Review B, vol.114, issue.15, 2002.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1367374

N. Atodiresei, J. Brede, P. Lazi´clazi´c, V. Caciuc, G. Hoffmann et al., Design of the Local Spin Polarization at the Organic-Ferromagnetic Interface, Physical Review Letters, vol.105, issue.6, 2010.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.65.247

Y. Chu, C. Hsu, C. Lu, H. Yang, T. Yang et al., Spin-Dependent Molecule Symmetry at a Pentacene???Co Spinterface, ACS Nano, vol.9, issue.7, pp.7027-7032, 2015.
DOI : 10.1021/acsnano.5b03117

A. Tamai, A. P. Seitsonen, F. Baumberger, M. Hengsberger, Z. Shen et al., Electronic structure at the C 60 /metal interface : An angleresolved photoemission and first-principles study, Physical Review B, vol.77, issue.7, pp.1550-235, 2008.
DOI : 10.1103/physrevb.77.075134

K. Garrison, Y. Chang, and P. D. Johnson, Spin polarization of quantum well states in copper thin films deposited on a Co (001) substrate. Physical review letters, p.12801, 1993.

R. Kläsges, D. Schmitz, C. Carbone, W. Eberhardt, P. Lang et al., Short-period oscillations in photoemission from Cu films on Co(100), Physical Review B, vol.49, issue.2, p.696, 1998.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.332

Y. Z. Wu, C. Y. Won, E. Rotenberg, H. W. Zhao, F. Toyoma et al., Dispersion of quantum well states in Cu/Co, pp.6-1095, 2002.

F. Ma-'mari, T. Moorsom, G. Teobaldi, W. Deacon, T. Prokscha et al., Beating the Stoner criterion using molecular interfaces, Nature, vol.524, issue.7563, pp.69-73, 1038.

V. Karthik, A. M. Raman, A. Kamerbeek, N. Mukherjee, T. K. Atodiresei et al., Interface-engineered templates for molecular spin memory devices, Nature, vol.493, issue.7433, pp.509-513, 1038.

A. Fert, Les d??buts de la spintronique - Travaux pr??curseurs et magn??tor??sistance g??ante, Reflets de la physique, vol.445, issue.15, pp.5-10, 2009.
DOI : 10.1051/refdp/2009015