S. Brown, P. Kieffaber, C. Carroll, J. Vohs, J. Tracy et al., Eyeblink conditioning deficits indicate timing and cerebellar abnormalities in schizophrenia, Brain and Cognition, vol.58, issue.1, pp.94-108, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.09.011

C. Calautti, P. Jones, N. Persaud, J. Guincestre, M. Naccarato et al., Quantification of index tapping regularity after stroke with tri-axial accelerometry, Brain Research Bulletin, vol.70, issue.1, pp.1-7, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.11.001

C. Calautti, P. Jones, J. Guincestre, M. Naccarato, N. Sharma et al., The neural substrates of impaired finger tapping regularity after stroke, NeuroImage, vol.50, issue.1, pp.1-6, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.012

R. Capa, C. Duval, D. Blaison, and A. Giersch, Patients with schizophrenia selectively impaired in temporal order judgments, Schizophrenia Research, vol.156, issue.1, pp.51-55, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2014.04.001

M. Catalan, M. Honda, R. Weeks, L. Cohen, and M. Hallett, The functional neuroanatomy of simple and complex sequential finger movements: a PET study, Brain, vol.121, issue.2, pp.253-264, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/121.2.253

J. Cauraugh, K. Light, S. Kim, M. Thigpen, and A. Behrman, Chronic Motor Dysfunction After Stroke : Recovering Wrist and Finger Extension by Electromyography-Triggered Neuromuscular Stimulation, Stroke, vol.31, issue.6, pp.1360-1364, 2000.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.31.6.1360
URL : http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/strokeaha/31/6/1360.full.pdf

D. Celinder and H. Peoples, Stroke patients' experiences with Wii Sports?? during inpatient rehabilitation, Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol.16, issue.5, pp.457-463, 2012.
DOI : 10.1080/11038120260501190

P. Celnik, N. Paik, Y. Vandermeeren, M. Dimyan, and L. Cohen, Effects of Combined Peripheral Nerve Stimulation and Brain Polarization on Performance of a Motor Sequence Task After Chronic Stroke, Stroke, vol.40, issue.5, pp.1764-1771, 2009.
DOI : 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.540500

R. Chan, F. Geng, S. Lui, Y. Wang, K. Ho et al., Course of neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia: Relationship with negative symptoms and cognitive performances, Scientific Reports, vol.12, issue.1, p.11053, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-9452(76)80035-4

R. Chan, T. Xu, R. Heinrichs, Y. Yu, and Y. Wang, Neurological Soft Signs in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.45, issue.3, pp.1089-1104, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2004.08.027

W. Chang and Y. Kim, Robot-assisted Therapy in Stroke Rehabilitation, Journal of Stroke, vol.15, issue.3, p.174, 2013.
DOI : 10.5853/jos.2013.15.3.174

H. Chen, K. Lin, C. Wu, and C. Chen, Rasch Validation and Predictive Validity of the Action Research Arm Test in Patients Receiving Stroke Rehabilitation, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol.93, issue.6, pp.1039-1045, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.11.033

H. Chen, C. Chen, I. Hsueh, S. Huang, and C. Hsieh, Test-Retest Reproducibility and Smallest Real Difference of 5 Hand Function Tests in Patients With Stroke, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.69, issue.5, pp.435-440, 2009.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.31.2.430

Y. Cohen and R. Andersen, A common reference frame for movement plans in the posterior parietal cortex, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.7, pp.553-562, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn873

J. Colebatch and S. Gandevia, THE DISTRIBUTION OF MUSCULAR WEAKNESS IN UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS AFFECTING THE ARM, Brain, vol.112, issue.3, pp.749-763, 1989.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/112.3.749

C. Colomer, A. Baldoví, S. Torromé, M. Navarro, B. Moliner et al., Eficacia del sistema Armeo??Spring en la fase cr??nica del ictus. Estudio en hemiparesias leves-moderadas, Neurolog??a, vol.28, issue.5, pp.261-267, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nrl.2012.04.017
URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2012.04.017

S. Cramer and K. Crafton, Somatotopy and movement representation sites following cortical stroke, Experimental Brain Research, vol.79, issue.1-2, pp.25-32, 2006.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.28.1.110

Y. Delevoye-turrell, A. Giersch, and J. Danion, Abnormal Sequencing of Motor Actions in Patients With Schizophrenia: Evidence From Grip Force Adjustments During Object Manipulation, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.160, issue.1
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.134

D. Lazzaro, V. Oliviero, A. Tonali, P. Mazzone, P. Insola et al., Direct demonstration of reduction of the output of the human motor cortex induced by a fatiguing muscle contraction, Experimental Brain Research, vol.107, issue.4, pp.535-538, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00228019

R. Dum and P. Strick, Motor areas in the frontal lobe of the primate, Physiology & Behavior, vol.77, issue.4-5, pp.4-5677, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0031-9384(02)00929-0

H. Ehrsson, A. Fagergren, T. Jonsson, G. Westling, R. Johansson et al., Cortical Activity in Precision- Versus Power-Grip Tasks: An fMRI Study, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.65, issue.1, pp.528-536, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1995.1023

R. Enoka, Comments on Point:Counterpoint: Spectral properties of the surface EMG can characterize/do not provide information about motor unit recruitment strategies and muscle fiber type, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.105, issue.5, p.1676, 2008.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol90598.2008

J. Escudero, S. J. Bautista, D. Escudero, M. López-trigo, and J. , Prognostic Value of Motor Evoked Potential Obtained by Transcranial Magnetic Brain Stimulation in Motor Function Recovery in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke, Stroke, vol.29, issue.9, pp.1854-1859, 1998.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.29.9.1854

W. Feng, J. Wang, P. Chhatbar, C. Doughty, D. Landsittel et al., Corticospinal tract lesion load: An imaging biomarker for stroke motor outcomes, Annals of Neurology, vol.135, issue.pt 7, pp.860-870, 2015.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/aws115

A. Feydy, R. Carlier, A. Roby-brami, B. Bussel, F. Cazalis et al., Longitudinal Study of Motor Recovery After Stroke: Recruitment and Focusing of Brain Activation, Stroke, vol.33, issue.6, pp.1610-1617, 2002.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.0000017100.68294.52

J. Fitzsimmons, M. Kubicki, and M. Shenton, Review of functional and anatomical brain connectivity findings in schizophrenia, Current Opinion in Psychiatry, vol.26, issue.2, pp.172-187, 2013.
DOI : 10.1097/YCO.0b013e32835d9e6a

J. Fleuren, G. Voerman, C. Erren-wolters, G. Snoek, J. Rietman et al., Stop using the Ashworth Scale for the assessment of spasticity, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.81, issue.1, pp.46-52, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.2009.177071
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00552783

M. Folstein, The Mini-Mental State Examination, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.40, issue.7, p.812, 1983.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790060110016

J. Franco, J. Valero, and A. Labad, Minor physical anomalies and schizophrenia: literature review, Actas Espanolas Psiquiatria, vol.38, issue.6, pp.365-371, 2010.

F. Fregni, P. Boggio, M. Nitsche, F. Bermpohl, A. Antal et al., Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of prefrontal cortex enhances working memory, Experimental Brain Research, vol.127, issue.2, pp.23-30, 2005.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.57.10.1899

F. Fregni and A. Pascual-leone, Hand Motor Recovery After Stroke: Tuning the Orchestra to Improve Hand Motor Function, Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, vol.19, issue.1, pp.21-33, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/00146965-200603000-00003

N. Friedman, V. Chan, A. Reinkensmeyer, A. Beroukhim, G. Zambrano et al., Retraining and assessing hand movement after stroke using the MusicGlove: comparison with conventional hand therapy and isometric grip training, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.1, 2014.
DOI : 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833e99a4

N. Friedman, V. Chan, D. Zondervan, M. Bachman, and D. Reinkensmeyer, MusicGlove: Motivating and quantifying hand movement rehabilitation by using functional grips to play music, 2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp.2359-2363, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6090659

K. Friel, S. Barbay, S. Frost, E. Plautz, A. Stowe et al., Effects of a Rostral Motor Cortex Lesion on Primary Motor Cortex Hand Representation Topography in Primates, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.79, issue.4, pp.51-61, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s004150170207

A. Fugl-meyer, L. Jääskö, I. Leyman, S. Olsson, and S. Steglind, The post-stroke hemiplegic patient. 1. a method for evaluation of physical performance, Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.7, issue.1, pp.13-31, 1975.

S. Furuya and J. Soechting, Speed invariance of independent control of finger movements in pianists, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.1, issue.7, pp.2060-2068, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s002219900261

V. Gallese, L. Fadiga, L. Fogassi, and G. Rizzolatti, Action recognition in the premotor cortex, Brain, vol.119, issue.2, pp.593-609, 1996.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/119.2.593

C. Gerloff, B. Corwell, R. Chen, M. Hallett, and L. Cohen, The role of the human motor cortex in the control of complex and simple finger movement sequences, Brain, vol.121, issue.9, pp.1695-1709, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/121.9.1695

J. Ghika, F. Ghika-schmid, and J. Bogousslasvky, Parietal motor syndrome: A clinical description in 32 patients in the acute phase of pure parietal strokes studied prospectively, Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, vol.100, issue.4, pp.271-282, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0303-8467(98)00054-7

C. Grefkes and G. Fink, Reorganization of cerebral networks after stroke: new insights from neuroimaging with connectivity approaches, Brain, vol.23, issue.1, pp.1264-1276, 2011.
DOI : 10.1159/000095756

I. Grinyagin, E. V. Biryukova, M. A. Maier, and . Ma, Kinematic and Dynamic Synergies of Human Precision-Grip Movements, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.94, issue.4, pp.2284-2294, 2005.
DOI : 10.1080/00222895.1986.10735380

J. Merchán-baeza, M. González-sánchez, and A. Cuesta-vargas, Reliability in the Parameterization of the Functional Reach Test in Elderly Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study, BioMed Research International, vol.27, issue.12, pp.1-8, 2014.
DOI : 10.1682/JRRD.2006.11.0144

A. Merlo, M. Longhi, E. Giannotti, P. Prati, M. Giacobbi et al., Upper limb evaluation with robotic exoskeleton. Normative values for indices of accuracy, speed and smoothness, NeuroRehabilitation, vol.33, issue.4, pp.523-530, 2013.

S. Meyer, D. Bruyn, N. Lafosse, C. Van-dijk, M. Michielsen et al., Somatosensory Impairments in the Upper Limb Poststroke, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.22, issue.2, pp.731-742, 2016.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.73.2.160

A. Mirsky, S. Yardley, B. Jones, D. Walsh, and K. Kendler, Analysis of the attention deficit in schizophrenia: A study of patients and their relatives in Ireland, Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol.29, issue.1, pp.23-42, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3956(94)00041-O

K. Molina, N. Ricci, S. De-moraes, and M. Perracini, Virtual reality using games for improving physical functioning in older adults: a systematic review, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.1, 2014.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.d40

L. Mossuto-agatiello, G. Puccetti, and A. Castellano, ?Rubral? tremor after thalamic haemorrhage, Journal of Neurology, vol.116, issue.Suppl 1, pp.27-30, 1993.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00870668

J. Müller-dahlhaus, Y. Liu, and U. Ziemann, Inhibitory circuits and the nature of their interactions in the human motor cortex - a pharmacological TMS study, The Journal of Physiology, vol.511, issue.2, pp.495-514, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.181bi.x

J. Napier, The prehensile movements of the human hand, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume, pp.38-4902, 1956.

J. Nguyen, U. Majmudar, T. Papathomas, S. Silverstein, and E. Torres, Schizophrenia: The micro-movements perspective, Neuropsychologia, vol.85, pp.310-326, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.003

P. Nichelli, D. Alway, and J. Grafman, Perceptual timing in cerebellar degeneration, Neuropsychologia, vol.34, issue.9, pp.863-871, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0028-3932(96)00001-2

R. Nicolson and A. Fawcett, Dyslexia, dysgraphia, procedural learning and the cerebellum, Cortex, vol.47, issue.1, pp.117-127, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.08.016

R. Nijland, E. Van-wegen, . Harmeling-van-der, B. Wel, and G. Kwakkel, Presence of Finger Extension and Shoulder Abduction Within 72 Hours After Stroke Predicts Functional Recovery: Early Prediction of Functional Outcome After Stroke: The EPOS Cohort Study, Stroke, vol.41, issue.4, pp.745-750, 2010.
DOI : 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.572065

L. Santisteban, M. Térémetz, J. Bleton, J. Baron, M. Maier et al., Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review, PLOS ONE, vol.31, issue.2, p.154792, 2016.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0154792.s002

J. Schaechter, K. Perdue, and R. Wang, Structural damage to the corticospinal tract correlates with bilateral sensorimotor cortex reorganization in stroke patients, NeuroImage, vol.39, issue.3, pp.1370-1382, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.071

M. Schieber, Constraints on Somatotopic Organization in the Primary Motor Cortex, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.30, issue.5, pp.2125-2143, 2001.
DOI : 10.3171/jns.1979.51.4.0476

G. Schlaug, V. Renga, and D. Nair, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Stroke Recovery, Archives of Neurology, vol.65, issue.12, pp.1571-1576, 2008.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.65.12.1571

A. Schneider, B. Baur, W. Fürholzer, I. Jasper, C. Marquardt et al., Writing kinematics and pen forces in Writer???s Cramp: Effects of task and clinical subtype, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.121, issue.11, pp.1898-907, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.04.023

J. Schröder, M. Essig, K. Baudendistel, T. Jahn, I. Gerdsen et al., Motor Dysfunction and Sensorimotor Cortex Activation Changes in Schizophrenia: A Study with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, NeuroImage, vol.9, issue.1, pp.81-87, 1999.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1998.0387

J. Schröder, F. Wenz, L. Schad, K. Baudendistel, and M. Knopp, Conclusion, British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.167, issue.02, pp.197-201, 1995.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.167.2.197

I. Shimoyama, T. Ninchoji, and K. Uemura, The Finger-Tapping Test, Archives of Neurology, vol.47, issue.6, pp.681-684, 1990.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.1990.00530060095025

M. Shinohara, J. Scholz, V. Zatsiorsky, and M. Latash, Finger interaction during accurate multi-finger force production tasks in young and elderly persons, Experimental Brain Research, vol.156, issue.3, pp.282-292, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s00221-003-1786-9

R. Siegert, M. Weatherall, and E. Bell, Is implicit sequence learning impaired in schizophrenia? A meta-analysis, Brain and Cognition, vol.67, issue.3, pp.351-359, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bandc.2008.02.005

H. Simon, The functional equivalence of problem solving skills, Cognitive Psychology, vol.7, issue.2, pp.268-288, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/0010-0285(75)90012-2

J. Simplicio, K. Schwenzer, and F. Maenpa, Kinetics of cyanate and imidazole binding to hemin in micelles, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.97, issue.25, pp.7319-7326, 1975.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00858a019

G. Simpson and J. Angus, A RATING SCALE FOR EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SIDE EFFECTS, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.45, issue.S212, pp.11-19, 1970.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1970.tb02066.x

N. Skjaeret, A. Nawaz, T. Morat, D. Schoene, J. Helbostad et al., Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of

D. Wechsler, Manual for the Wechsler adult intelligence scale-III, 1997.

S. Weinberg, E. Jenkins, M. Marazita, and B. Maher, Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis, Schizophrenia Research, vol.89, issue.1-3, pp.1-372, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2006.09.002

D. Weinberger, Implications of Normal Brain Development for the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.44, issue.7, p.660, 1987.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800190080012

P. Whitty, M. Clarke, S. Browne, O. Mctigue, M. Kamali et al., Prospective evaluation of neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia in relation to psychopathology: state versus trait phenomena, Psychological Medicine, vol.33, issue.8, pp.1479-1484, 2003.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291703008225

A. Wolff, O. Driscoll, and G. , Motor deficits and schizophrenia: the evidence from neuroleptic-naïve patients and populations at risk, Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, vol.24, issue.4, pp.304-314, 1999.

D. Wolpert and Z. Ghahramani, Computational principles of movement neuroscience, Nature Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.Supp, pp.1212-1217, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/81497

Y. Ye, L. Ma, T. Yan, H. Liu, X. Wei et al., Kinetic measurements of hand motor impairments after mild to moderate stroke using grip control tasks, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.1, 2014.
DOI : 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.536763

F. Zaal and R. Bongers, Movements of Individual Digits in Bimanual Prehension Are Coupled into a Grasping Component, PLoS ONE, vol.114, issue.5, p.97790, 2014.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0097790.s002

V. Zatsiorsky, F. Gao, and M. Latash, Prehension Synergies, Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, vol.32, issue.2, pp.77-87, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00003677-200404000-00007

V. Zatsiorsky, R. Gregory, and M. Latash, Force and torque production in static multifinger prehension: biomechanics and control. I. Biomechanics, Biological Cybernetics, vol.87, issue.1, pp.50-57, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/s00422-002-0321-6

V. Zatsiorsky and M. Latash, Multifinger Prehension: An Overview, Journal of Motor Behavior, vol.40, issue.5, pp.446-476, 2008.
DOI : 10.3200/JMBR.40.5.446-476
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2659677?pdf=render

V. Zatsiorsky, Z. Li, and M. Latash, Enslaving effects in multi-finger force production, Experimental Brain Research, vol.131, issue.2, pp.187-195, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/s002219900261

J. Zhang and M. Chopp, Cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol.0014, issue.13, pp.1229-1240, 2013.
DOI : 10.1634/stemcells.2007-1006

W. Zhang, J. Johnston, M. Ross, K. Sanniec, E. Gleason et al., Effects of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome on Dexterous Manipulation Are Grip Type-Dependent, PLoS ONE, vol.121, issue.1, pp.53751-53752, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0053751.t003

J. Bleton, *. Teremetz, *. Vidailhet, M. A. Mesure, . Maier et al., Impaired force control in writer's cramp showing a bilateral deficit in sensorimotor integration. Movment Disorders, pp.130-134, 2014.

M. Teremetz, . Amado, . Bendjemaa, . Mo-krebs, . Lindberg et al., Deficient grip force control in schizophrenia: behavioral and modeling evidence for altered motor inhibition and motor noise A novel method for the quantification of key components of manual dexterity after stroke, PLoS One. 2014 Nov J Neuroeng Rehabil, vol.49, issue.11, 2015.

L. Santisteban, M. Térémetz, J. Bleton, J. Baron, M. A. Maier et al., Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review, PLOS ONE, vol.31, issue.2, p.154792, 2016.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0154792.s002

M. Brunstein, M. Teremetz, K. Hérault, C. Tourain, and M. Oheim, Eliminating Unwanted Far-Field Excitation in Objective-Type TIRF. Part I. Identifying Sources of Nonevanescent Excitation Light, Biophysical Journal, vol.106, issue.5, pp.1020-1032, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.12.049

P. Lindberg, . Térémetz, . Charron, . Kebir, . Saby et al., Altered cortical processing of motor inhibition in schizophrenia, Cortex, vol.85, pp.1-12, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.019

M. Térémetz, F. Colle, S. Hamdoun, M. Maier, and P. Lindberg, A novel method for the quantification of key components of manual dexterity after stroke, J Neuroeng Rehabil, 2015.

M. Teremetz, I. Amado, N. Bendjemaa, M. Krebs, P. Lindberg et al., Deficient Grip Force Control in Schizophrenia: Behavioral and Modeling Evidence for Altered Motor Inhibition and Motor Noise, PLoS ONE, vol.17, issue.12, p.111853
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0111853.t002

J. Bleton, M. Teremetz, M. Vidailhet, S. Mesure, M. Maier et al., Impaired force control in writer's cramp showing a bilateral deficit in sensorimotor integration, RESEARCH ARTICLE Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review, pp.130-134, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.063

P. Langhorne, J. Bernhardt, and G. Kwakkel, Stroke rehabilitation, The Lancet, vol.377, issue.9778, pp.1693-1702, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60325-5

H. Jørgensen, H. Nakayama, H. Raaschou, and T. Olsen, Stroke. Neurologic and functional recovery the Copenhagen Stroke Study, Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, vol.10, pp.887-906, 1999.

V. Parker, D. Wade, L. Hewer, and R. , Loss of arm function after stroke: measurement, frequency, and recovery, International Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.14, issue.2, pp.69-73, 1986.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.13.5.641

G. Kwakkel, B. Kollen, J. Van-der-grond, and A. Prevo, Probability of Regaining Dexterity in the Flaccid Upper Limb: Impact of Severity of Paresis and Time Since Onset in Acute Stroke, Stroke, vol.34, issue.9, pp.2181-2186, 2003.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.0000087172.16305.CD

D. Nichols-larsen, P. Clark, A. Zeringue, A. Greenspan, and S. Blanton, Factors Influencing Stroke Survivors' Quality of Life During Subacute Recovery, Stroke, vol.36, issue.7, pp.1480-1484, 2005.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.0000170706.13595.4f

J. Sullivan, B. Crowner, P. Kluding, D. Nichols, D. Rose et al., Outcome Measures for Individuals With Stroke: Process and Recommendations From the American Physical Therapy Association Neurology Section Task Force, Physical Therapy, vol.93, issue.10, pp.1383-1396, 2013.
DOI : 10.2522/ptj.20120492

A. Murphy, M. Resteghini, C. Feys, P. Lamers, and I. , An overview of systematic reviews on upper extremity outcome measures after stroke, BMC Neurology, vol.10, issue.6, pp.29-25880033, 2015.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2288-10-22

R. Lemmens, A. Timmermans, Y. Janssen-potten, R. Smeets, and H. Seelen, Valid and reliable instruments for arm-hand assessment at ICF activity level in persons with hemiplegia: a systematic review, BMC Neurology, vol.49, issue.1, p.22498041, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/0895-4356(95)00559-5

I. Velstra, C. Ballert, and A. Cieza, A Systematic Literature Review of Outcome Measures for Upper Extremity Function Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health as Reference, PM&R, vol.3, issue.9, p.21944302, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.03.014

M. Sivan, O. Connor, R. Makower, S. Levesley, M. Bhakta et al., Systematic review of outcome measures used in the evaluation of robot-assisted upper limb exercise in stroke, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.43, issue.3, pp.181-189, 2011.
DOI : 10.2340/16501977-0674

D. Jette, J. Halbert, C. Iverson, E. Miceli, and P. Shah, Use of Standardized Outcome Measures in Physical Therapist Practice: Perceptions and Applications, Physical Therapy, vol.89, issue.2, pp.125-135, 2009.
DOI : 10.2522/ptj.20080234

A. Thompson-butel, G. Lin, C. Shiner, and P. Mcnulty, Comparison of Three Tools to Measure Improvements in Upper-Limb Function With Poststroke Therapy, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.2009, issue.4, pp.341-349, 2015.
DOI : 10.1177/1545968309335975

C. Bushnell, J. Bettger, K. Cockroft, S. Cramer, M. Edelen et al., Chronic Stroke Outcome Measures for Motor Function Intervention Trials, Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, vol.8, issue.6 suppl 3, pp.163-169, 2015.
DOI : 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002098

R. Causby, L. Reed, M. Mcdonnell, and S. Hillier, Use of Objective Psychomotor Tests in Health Professionals, Perceptual and Motor Skills, vol.35, issue.6, pp.765-804, 2014.
DOI : 10.1207/s15324826an0501_1

D. Moher, A. Liberati, J. Tetzlaff, D. Altman, and P. Group, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement, Annals of Internal Medicine, vol.151, issue.4, pp.264-269, 2008.
DOI : 10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135

A. Cieza, S. Geyh, S. Chatterji, N. Kostanjsek, B. Ustün et al., ICF linking rules: an update based on lessons learned, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.37, issue.4, pp.212-218, 2005.
DOI : 10.1080/16501970510040263

A. Fugl-meyer, L. Jääskö, I. Leyman, S. Olsson, and S. Steglind, The post-stroke hemiplegic patient. 1. a method for evaluation of physical performance, Scand J Rehabil Med, vol.7, pp.13-31, 1975.

P. Duncan, M. Propst, and S. Nelson, Reliability of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Sensorimotor Recovery Following Cerebrovascular Accident, Physical Therapy, vol.63, issue.10, pp.1606-1610, 1983.
DOI : 10.1093/ptj/63.10.1606

D. Gladstone, C. Danells, and S. Black, The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke: A Critical Review of Its Measurement Properties, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.31, issue.1, pp.232-240, 2002.
DOI : 10.1080/165019701750165916

S. Page, P. Levine, and E. Hade, Psychometric Properties and Administration of the Wrist/Hand Subscales of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment in Minimally Impaired Upper Extremity Hemiparesis in Stroke, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol.93, issue.12, p.22759831, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.06.017

R. Lyle, A performance test for assessment of upper limb function in physical rehabilitation treatment and research, International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, vol.4, issue.4, pp.483-492, 1981.
DOI : 10.1097/00004356-198112000-00001

C. Hsieh, I. Hsueh, F. Chiang, and P. Lin, Inter-rater reliability and validity of the Action Research arm test in stroke patients, Age and Ageing, vol.27, issue.2, pp.107-113, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/27.2.107

L. Mandon, J. Boudarham, J. Robertson, D. Bensmail, N. Roche et al., Faster Reaching in Chronic Spastic Stroke Patients Comes at the Expense of Arm-Trunk Coordination, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.42, issue.3, pp.209-229, 2016.
DOI : 10.1177/1545968314521011

C. Backman, S. Cork, D. Gibson, and J. Parsons, Assessment of Hand Function: The Relationship between Pegboard Dexterity and Applied Dexterity, Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol.27, issue.4, pp.208-213, 1992.
DOI : 10.1002/art.1780290406

K. Yancosek and D. Howell, A Narrative Review of Dexterity Assessments, Journal of Hand Therapy, vol.22, issue.3, pp.258-269, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jht.2008.11.004

E. Schmidlin, M. Kaeser, A. Gindrat, J. Savidan, P. Chatagny et al., Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates, Journal of Visualized Experiments, vol.3791, issue.57, p.103258, 2011.
DOI : 10.3791/3258

R. Lemon, Descending Pathways in Motor Control, Annual Review of Neuroscience, vol.31, issue.1, pp.195-218, 2008.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125547

T. Isa, M. Kinoshita, and Y. Nishimura, Role of Direct vs. Indirect Pathways from the Motor Cortex to Spinal Motoneurons in the Control of Hand Dexterity, Frontiers in Neurology, vol.4, p.24312077, 2013.
DOI : 10.3389/fneur.2013.00191

G. Pennati, J. Plantin, J. Borg, and P. Lindberg, Normative NeuroFlexor data for detection of spasticity after stroke: a cross-sectional study, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.9, issue.12, p.30, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70247-7

J. Lin, M. Hsu, C. Sheu, T. Wu, R. Lin et al., Psychometric Comparisons of 4 Measures for Assessing Upper-Extremity Function in People With Stroke, Physical Therapy, vol.89, issue.8, pp.840-50, 2009.
DOI : 10.2522/ptj.20080285

M. Noorkõiv, H. Rodgers, and C. Price, Accelerometer measurement of upper extremity movement after stroke: a systematic review of clinical studies, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.25297823, 2014.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.27.3.550

N. Nordin, S. Xie, and B. Wünsche, Assessment of movement quality in robot- assisted upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: a review, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.25217124, 2014.
DOI : 10.1682/JRRD.2011.04.0074

M. Cirstea and M. Levin, Compensatory strategies for reaching in stroke, Brain, vol.123, issue.5, pp.940-953, 2000.
DOI : 10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.677

A. Roby-brami, S. Jacobs, N. Bennis, and M. Levin, Hand orientation for grasping and arm joint rotation patterns in healthy subjects and hemiparetic stroke patients, Brain Research, vol.969, issue.1-2, pp.217-229, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-8993(03)02334-5
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00174070

P. Lindberg, N. Roche, J. Robertson, A. Roby-brami, B. Bussel et al., Affected and unaffected quantitative aspects of grip force control in hemiparetic patients after stroke, Brain Research, vol.1452, pp.96-107, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.03.007
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00795574

P. Lindberg, K. Sanchez, F. Ozcan, F. Rannou, S. Poiraudeau et al., Correlation of force control with regional spinal DTI in patients with cervical spondylosis without signs of spinal cord injury on conventional MRI, European Radiology, vol.58, issue.3, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.072

M. Térémetz, F. Colle, S. Hamdoun, M. Maier, and P. Lindberg, A novel method for the quantification of key components of manual dexterity after stroke, J NeuroengRehabil, vol.12, issue.64, 2015.

J. Gäverth, A. Eliasson, K. Kullander, J. Borg, P. Lindberg et al., Sensitivity of the NeuroFlexor method to measure change in spasticity after treatment with botulinum toxin A in wrist and finger muscles, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.46, issue.7, pp.629-634, 2014.
DOI : 10.2340/16501977-1824

D. Rand and J. Eng, Predicting Daily Use of the Affected Upper Extremity 1 Year after Stroke, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, vol.24, issue.2, pp.274-83, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.07.039

A. Murphy, M. Willén, C. Sunnerhagen, and K. , Responsiveness of Upper Extremity Kinematic Measures and Clinical Improvement During the First Three Months After Stroke, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.7, issue.9, pp.844-853, 2013.
DOI : 10.1097/01.wco.0000200544.29915.cc

D. Bensmail, J. Robertson, C. Fermanian, and A. Roby-brami, Botulinum Toxin to Treat Upper-Limb Spasticity in Hemiparetic Patients: Grasp Strategies and Kinematics of Reach-to-Grasp Movements, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.74, issue.4, pp.141-51, 2010.
DOI : 10.1177/1545968308317436

A. De-los-reyes-guzmán, I. Dimbwadyo-terrer, F. Trincado-alonso, F. Monasterio-huelin, D. Torricelli et al., Quantitative assessment based on kinematic measures of functional impairments during upper extremity movements: A review, Clinical Biomechanics, vol.29, issue.7, pp.719-727, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2014.06.013

M. Ellis, T. Sukal, T. Demott, and J. Dewald, Augmenting Clinical Evaluation of Hemiparetic Arm Movement With a Laboratory-Based Quantitative Measurement of Kinematics as a Function of Limb Loading, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.84, issue.4, pp.321-329, 2008.
DOI : 10.1177/1545968306286957

K. Tyryshkin, A. Coderre, J. Glasgow, T. Herter, S. Bagg et al., A robotic object hitting task to quantify sensorimotor impairments in participants with stroke, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.24693877, 2014.
DOI : 10.1111/acer.12225

S. Dukelow, T. Herter, K. Moore, M. Demers, J. Glasgow et al., Quantitative Assessment of Limb Position Sense Following Stroke, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol.73, issue.2, pp.178-87, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/rheumatology/keh568

P. Lindberg, P. Skejø, E. Rounis, Z. Nagy, C. Schmitz et al., Wallerian degeneration of the corticofugal tracts in chronic stroke: a pilot study relating diffusion tensor imaging, 2007.

R. Heffner and R. Masterton, The Role of the Corticospinal Tract in the Evolution of Human Digital Dexterity, Brain, Behavior and Evolution, vol.23, issue.3-4, pp.3-4165, 1983.
DOI : 10.1159/000121494

R. Lemon, Descending Pathways in Motor Control, Annual Review of Neuroscience, vol.31, issue.1, pp.195-218, 2008.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125547

J. Napier, Prehensility and opposability in the hands of primates, Symp Zool Soc London, vol.5, pp.115-147, 1961.

V. Zatsiorsky and M. Latash, Multifinger Prehension: An Overview, Journal of Motor Behavior, vol.40, issue.5, pp.446-76, 2008.
DOI : 10.3200/JMBR.40.5.446-476
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2659677?pdf=render

M. Maier and M. Hepp-reymond, EMG activation patterns during force production in precision grip, Experimental Brain Research, vol.62, issue.8, pp.108-130, 1995.
DOI : 10.1139/y81-110

C. Renner, P. Bungert-kahl, and H. Hummelsheim, Change of Strength and Rate of Rise of Tension Relate to Functional Arm Recovery After Stroke, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol.90, issue.9, pp.1548-56, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.02.024

D. Nowak, S. Glasauer, and J. Hermsdörfer, Force control in object manipulation???A model for the study of sensorimotor control strategies, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.37, issue.8, pp.1578-86, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.003

C. Häger-ross and M. Schieber, Quantifying the independence of human finger movements: comparisons of digits, hands, and movement frequencies

C. Lang and M. Schieber, Reduced Muscle Selectivity During Individuated Finger Movements in Humans After Damage to the Motor Cortex or Corticospinal Tract, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.91, issue.4, pp.1722-1755, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-8993(72)90116-3

B. Repp and Y. Su, Sensorimotor synchronization: A review of recent research (2006???2012), Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, vol.179, issue.9, pp.403-52, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s00221-006-0806-y

F. Andres and C. Gerloff, Coherence of Sequential Movements and Motor Learning, Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.16, issue.6, pp.520-527, 1999.
DOI : 10.1097/00004691-199911000-00004

J. Colebatch and S. Gandevia, THE DISTRIBUTION OF MUSCULAR WEAKNESS IN UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS AFFECTING THE ARM, Brain, vol.112, issue.3, pp.749-63, 1989.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/112.3.749

P. Boissy, D. Bourbonnais, M. Carlotti, D. Gravel, and B. Arsenault, Maximal grip force in chronic stroke subjects and its relationship to global upper extremity function, Clinical Rehabilitation, vol.51, issue.4, pp.354-62, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00377710

J. Hermsdörfer, E. Hagl, D. Nowak, and C. Marquardt, Grip force control during object manipulation in cerebral stroke, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.114, issue.5, pp.915-944, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00042-7

J. Hermsdörfer, E. Hagl, and D. Nowak, Deficits of anticipatory grip force control after damage to peripheral and central sensorimotor systems, Human Movement Science, vol.23, issue.5, pp.643-62, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.humov.2004.10.005

P. Raghavan, J. Krakauer, and A. Gordon, Impaired anticipatory control of fingertip forces in patients with a pure motor or sensorimotor lacunar syndrome, Brain, vol.129, issue.6, pp.1415-1440, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/awl070

P. Raghavan, E. Petra, J. Krakauer, and A. Gordon, Patterns of Impairment in Digit Independence After Subcortical Stroke, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.95, issue.1, pp.369-78, 2006.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.21.5.731

Y. Kim, W. Kim, and B. Yoon, The effect of stroke on motor selectivity for force control in single-and multi-finger force production tasks, NeuroRehabilitation, vol.34, issue.3, pp.429-464, 2014.

I. Shimoyama, T. Ninchoji, and K. Uemura, The Finger-Tapping Test, Archives of Neurology, vol.47, issue.6, pp.681-685, 1990.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.1990.00530060095025

L. Boyd and C. Winstein, Impact of explicit information on implicit motor-sequence learning following middle cerebral artery stroke, PhysTher, vol.83, issue.11, pp.976-89, 2003.

J. Hobart, S. Cano, J. Zajicek, and A. Thompson, Rating scales as outcome measures for clinical trials in neurology: problems, solutions, and recommendations, The Lancet Neurology, vol.6, issue.12, pp.1094-105, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70290-9

A. Pandyan, P. Vuadens, F. Van-wijck, S. Stark, G. Johnson et al., Are we underestimating the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin (type A)? Quantifying changes in spasticity, strength and upper limb function after injections of Botox?? to the elbow flexors in a unilateral stroke population, Clinical Rehabilitation, vol.6, issue.6, pp.654-60, 2002.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM200105243442106

D. Nowak and J. Hermsdörfer, Grip force behavior during object manipulation in neurological disorders: Toward an objective evaluation of manual performance deficits, Movement Disorders, vol.76, issue.Suppl. 3, pp.11-25, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80635-0

J. Van-der-lee, D. Groot, V. Beckerman, H. Wagenaar, R. Lankhorst et al., The intra- and interrater reliability of the action research arm test: A practical test of upper extremity function in patients with stroke, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol.82, issue.1, pp.14-23, 2001.
DOI : 10.1053/apmr.2001.18668

N. Amirjani, N. Ashworth, T. Gordon, D. Edwards, and K. Chan, Normative values and the effects of age, gender, and handedness on the Moberg Pick-Up Test, Muscle & Nerve, vol.11, issue.6, pp.788-92, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0894-1130(98)80038-0

M. Patel and L. Bassini, A Comparison of Five Tests for Determining Hand Sensibility, Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery, vol.15, issue.07, pp.523-529, 1999.
DOI : 10.1055/s-2007-1000132

V. Zatsiorsky, Z. Li, and M. Latash, Enslaving effects in multi-finger force production, Experimental Brain Research, vol.131, issue.2, pp.187-95, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/s002219900261

R. Johansson and J. Flanagan, Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.14, issue.5, pp.345-59, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/0959-4388(92)90139-C

F. Logan, Errors in copy typewriting., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, vol.25, issue.6, pp.1760-73, 1999.
DOI : 10.1037/0096-1523.25.6.1760

C. Koh, I. Hsueh, W. Wang, C. Sheu, T. Yu et al., VALIDATION OF THE ACTION RESEARCH ARM TEST USING ITEM RESPONSE THEORY IN PATIENTS AFTER STROKE, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.38, issue.6, pp.375-80, 2006.
DOI : 10.1080/16501970600803252

C. Lang, J. Wagner, A. Dromerick, and D. Edwards, Measurement of Upper-Extremity Function Early After Stroke: Properties of the Action Research Arm Test, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol.87, issue.12, pp.1605-1615, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.003

C. Tyrell, E. Helm, and D. Reisman, Learning the spatial features of a locomotor task is slowed after stroke, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.17, issue.2, pp.480-489, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s002210100892

T. Aoki, P. Francis, and H. Kinoshita, Differences in the abilities of individual fingers during the performance of fast, repetitive tapping movements, Experimental Brain Research, vol.152, issue.2, pp.270-80, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00221-003-1552-z

C. Lang and M. Schieber, Human Finger Independence: Limitations due to Passive Mechanical Coupling Versus Active Neuromuscular Control, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.92, issue.5, pp.2802-2812, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s002219900261
URL : http://jn.physiology.org/content/jn/92/5/2802.full.pdf

K. Reilly and G. Hammond, Independence of force production by digits of the human hand, Neuroscience Letters, vol.290, issue.1, pp.53-59, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01328-8

C. Lang and M. Schieber, Differential Impairment of Individuated Finger Movements in Humans After Damage to the Motor Cortex or the Corticospinal Tract, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.90, issue.2, pp.1160-70, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/120.1.141

K. Thielbar, T. Lord, H. Fischer, E. Lazzaro, K. Barth et al., Training finger individuation with a mechatronic-virtual reality system leads to improved fine motor control post-stroke, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol.11, issue.1, p.171, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.08.016

E. Kraepelin, Dementia praecox and paraphrenia. (Translated by Barclay RM, 1919.
DOI : 10.1097/00005053-192110000-00104

T. Manschreck, B. Maher, M. Rucklos, and D. Vereen, Disturbed voluntary motor activity in schizophrenic disorder, Psychological Medicine, vol.26, issue.01, pp.73-84, 1982.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750190059011

D. Heinrichs and R. Buchanan, Significance and meaning of neurological signs in schizophrenia, Am J Psychiatry, vol.145, pp.11-18, 1988.

A. Wolff, O. Driscoll, and G. , Motor deficits and schizophrenia: the evidence from neuroleptic-na?¨vena?¨ve patients and populations at risk, J Psychiatry Neurosci, vol.24, issue.4, pp.304-318, 1999.

A. Putzhammer and H. Klein, Quantitative analysis of motor disturbances in schizophrenic patients, Dialogues Clin Neurosci, vol.8, issue.1, pp.123-153, 2006.

Y. Delevoye-turrell, A. Giersch, and J. Danion, A deficit in the adjustment of grip force responses in schizophrenia, Neuroreport, vol.13, issue.12, pp.1537-1546, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00001756-200208270-00010

K. Grootens, L. Vermeeren, J. Verkes, R. Buitelaar, J. Bernard et al., Psychomotor planning is deficient in recent-onset schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Research, vol.107, issue.2-3, pp.294-302, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2008.09.032

Y. Delevoye-turrell, A. Giersch, A. Wing, and J. Danion, Motor fluency deficits in the sequencing of actions in schizophrenia., Journal of Abnormal Psychology, vol.116, issue.1, pp.56-64, 2007.
DOI : 10.1037/0021-843X.116.1.56

A. Giersch, H. Wilquin, and R. Capa, Delevoye-Turrell YN (2013) Combined visual and motor disorganization in patients with schizophrenia, Front Psychol, vol.4, p.620

A. Rosen, J. Lockhart, E. Gants, and C. Westergaard, Maintenance of grip-induced muscle tension: A behavioral marker of schizophrenia., Journal of Abnormal Psychology, vol.100, issue.4, pp.583-93, 1991.
DOI : 10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.583

D. Nowak, B. Connemann, A. M. Spitzer, and M. , Sensorimotor dysfunction of grasping in schizophrenia: a side effect of antipsychotic treatment?, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.77, issue.5, pp.650-657, 2006.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.2005.084749

C. Lehoux, J. Everett, L. Laplante, C. Emond, and J. Trépanier, Fine motor dexterity is correlated to social functioning in schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Research, vol.62, issue.3, pp.269-73, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0920-9964(02)00327-4

T. Manschreck, B. Maher, and S. Candela, Earlier Age of First Diagnosis in Schizophrenia Is Related to Impaired Motor Control, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.30, issue.2, pp.351-60, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007084

A. Midorikawa, R. Hashimoto, and H. Noguchi, Impairment of motor dexterity in schizophrenia assessed by a novel finger movement test, Psychiatry Research, vol.159, issue.3, pp.281-290, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.04.004

G. Lafargue, N. Franck, and A. Sirigu, Sense Of Motor Effort in Patients with Schizophrenia, Cortex, vol.42, issue.5, pp.711-719, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70409-X
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00333399

M. Krebs, A. Gut-fayand, M. Bourdel, J. Dischamp, and J. Olie, Validation and factorial structure of a standardized neurological examination assessing neurological soft signs in schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Research, vol.45, issue.3, pp.245-260, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0920-9964(99)00206-6

I. Bombin, C. Arango, and R. Buchanan, Significance and Meaning of Neurological Signs in Schizophrenia: Two Decades Later, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.31, issue.4, pp.962-77, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/sbi028

R. Chan, T. Xu, R. Heinrichs, Y. Yu, and Y. Wang, Neurological Soft Signs in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.45, issue.3, pp.1089-104, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2004.08.027

L. Seac-'h, A. Picard, H. Gorsane, M. Vidal, P. Amado et al., A step toward an objective quantification of subtle neurological signs in schizophrenia, Psychiatry Res, vol.198, issue.2, pp.230-234, 2012.

N. Radhu, D. De-jesus, L. Ravindran, A. Zanjani, and P. Fitzgerald, A meta-analysis of cortical inhibition and excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation in psychiatric disorders, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.124, issue.7, pp.1309-1329, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.01.014

Z. Daskalakis, B. Christensen, R. Chen, P. Fitzgerald, and R. Zipursky, Evidence for Impaired Cortical Inhibition in Schizophrenia Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.59, issue.4, pp.347-354, 2002.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.59.4.347

T. Rantalainen, A. Weier, M. Leung, C. Brandner, and M. Spittle, Shortinterval intracortical inhibition is not affected by varying visual feedback in an isometric task in biceps brachii muscle, Front Hum Neurosci, vol.7, p.68, 2013.

B. Motawar, P. Hur, J. Stinear, and N. Seo, Contribution of intracortical inhibition in voluntary muscle relaxation, Experimental Brain Research, vol.104, issue.6, pp.299-308, 2012.
DOI : 10.1152/jn.00020.2010

F. Benes, J. Mcsparren, E. Bird, J. Sangiovanni, and S. Vincent, Deficits in Small Interneurons in Prefrontal and Cingulate Cortices of Schizophrenic and Schizoaffective Patients, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.48, issue.11, pp.996-1001, 1991.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810350036005

Z. Daskalakis, B. Christensen, P. Fitzgerald, B. Moller, and S. Fountain, Increased cortical inhibition in persons with schizophrenia treated with clozapine, Journal of Psychopharmacology, vol.52, issue.2, pp.203-212, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00228633

S. Liu, P. Fitzgerald, M. Daigle, R. Chen, and Z. Daskalakis, The Relationship Between Cortical Inhibition, Antipsychotic Treatment, and the Symptoms of Schizophrenia, Biological Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.6, pp.503-512, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.09.012

J. Bleton, M. Teremetz, M. Vidailhet, S. Mesure, and M. Maier, Impaired force control in writer's cramp showing a bilateral deficit in sensorimotor integration, Movement Disorders, vol.20, issue.1, pp.130-134, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.063

P. Lindberg, C. Ody, A. Feydy, and M. Maier, Precision in isometric precision grip force is reduced in middle-aged adults, Experimental Brain Research, vol.48, issue.2, pp.213-237, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/geronj/48.2.M64

M. Santello, M. Flanders, and J. Soechting, Patterns of hand motion during grasping and the influence of sensory guidance, J Neurosci, vol.22, issue.4, pp.426-1435, 2002.

S. Kay, A. Fiszbein, and L. Opler, The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.13, issue.2, pp.261-76, 1987.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/13.2.261

T. Wannier, M. Maier, and M. Hepp-reymond, Contrasting properties of monkey somatosensory and motor cortex neurons activated during the control of force in precision grip, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.65, issue.3, pp.572-89, 1991.
DOI : 10.1152/jn.1991.65.3.572

C. Harris and D. Wolpert, Signal-dependent noise determines motor planning, Nature, vol.394, issue.6695, pp.780-784, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/29528

T. Binzegger, R. Douglas, and K. Martin, A Quantitative Map of the Circuit of Cat Primary Visual Cortex, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.24, issue.39, pp.8441-53, 2004.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1400-04.2004

M. Maier, K. Bennett, M. Hepp-reymond, and R. Lemon, Contribution of the monkey corticomotoneuronal system to the control of force in precision grip, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.69, issue.3, pp.772-85, 1993.
DOI : 10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.772

A. Faisal, L. Selen, and D. Wolpert, Noise in the nervous system, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.81, issue.4, pp.292-303, 2008.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1089662

M. Churchland, A. Afshar, and K. Shenoy, A Central Source of Movement Variability, Neuron, vol.52, issue.6, pp.1085-96, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.10.034

K. Jones, A. Hamilton, and D. Wolpert, Sources of Signal-Dependent Noise During Isometric Force Production, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.64, issue.3, pp.1533-1577, 2002.
DOI : 10.1152/jn.2000.83.1.441

M. Spitzer, A Cognitive Neuroscience View of Schizophrenic Thought Disorder, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.23, issue.1, pp.29-50, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/23.1.29

E. Rolls and G. Deco, A computational neuroscience approach to schizophrenia and its onset, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.35, issue.8, pp.1644-53, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.09.001

A. Fornito, A. Zalesky, C. Pantelis, and E. Bullmore, Schizophrenia, neuroimaging and connectomics, NeuroImage, vol.62, issue.4, pp.2296-314, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.12.090

M. Frantseva, J. Cui, F. Farzan, L. Chinta, P. Velazquez et al., Disrupted Cortical Conductivity in Schizophrenia: TMS-EEG Study, Cerebral Cortex, vol.105, issue.1-3, pp.211-232, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2008.06.001

P. Uhlhaas, Dysconnectivity, large-scale networks and neuronal dynamics in schizophrenia, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.23, issue.2, pp.283-90, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.004

J. Flanagan, M. Bowman, and R. Johansson, Control strategies in object manipulation tasks, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.16, issue.6, pp.650-659, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.conb.2006.10.005

G. Rizzolatti and G. Luppino, The Cortical Motor System, Neuron, vol.31, issue.6, pp.889-901, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00423-8

M. Davare, A. Kraskov, J. Rothwell, and R. Lemon, Interactions between areas of the cortical grasping network, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.21, issue.4, pp.565-70, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.conb.2011.05.021

M. Krebs, M. Bourdel, Z. Cherif, P. Bouhours, and H. Lôo, Deficit of inhibition motor control in untreated patients with schizophrenia: Further support from visually guided saccade paradigms, Psychiatry Research, vol.179, issue.3, pp.279-84, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.07.008

J. Lipszyc and R. Schahar, Inhibitory control and psychopathology: A meta-analysis of studies using the stop signal task, Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, vol.9, issue.06, pp.1064-1076, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/1469-7610.00728

J. Badcock, P. Michie, L. Johnson, and J. Combrinck, Acts of control in schizophrenia: dissociating the components of inhibition, Psychological Medicine, vol.32, issue.02, pp.287-297, 2002.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291701005128

S. Scott, Inconvenient Truths about neural processing in primary motor cortex, The Journal of Physiology, vol.3, issue.5, pp.1217-1241, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/0167-9457(84)90005-8

J. Prodoehl, D. Corcos, and D. Vaillancourt, Basal ganglia mechanisms underlying precision grip force control, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.33, issue.6, pp.900-908, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.03.004
URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684813/pdf

M. Manto, J. Bower, A. Conforto, J. Delgado-garcía, and S. Da-guarda, Consensus Paper: Roles of the Cerebellum in Motor Control???The Diversity of Ideas on Cerebellar Involvement in Movement, The Cerebellum, vol.9, issue.4, pp.457-87, 2012.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn2332

C. Stinear, J. Coxon, and W. Byblow, Primary motor cortex and movement prevention: Where Stop meets Go, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.33, issue.5, pp.662-73, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.08.013

J. Coxon, C. Stinear, and W. Byblow, Intracortical Inhibition During Volitional Inhibition of Prepared Action, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.95, issue.6, pp.3371-83, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01062-1

K. Neely, P. Planetta, J. Prodoehl, D. Corcos, and C. Comella, Force Control Deficits in Individuals with Parkinson???s Disease, Multiple Systems Atrophy, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, PLoS ONE, vol.128, issue.1, p.58403, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0058403.t002

M. Raemaekers, J. Jansma, W. Cahn, J. Van-der-geest, and J. Van-der-linden, Neuronal Substrate of the Saccadic Inhibition Deficit in Schizophrenia Investigated With 3-Dimensional Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.59, issue.4, pp.313-333, 2002.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.59.4.313

L. Clark, D. Warman, and P. Lysaker, The relationships between schizophrenia symptom dimensions and executive functioning components, Schizophrenia Research, vol.124, issue.1-3, pp.1-3, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2010.08.004

G. Donohoe, A. Corvin, and I. Robertson, Evidence that specific executive functions predict symptom variance among schizophrenia patients with a predominantly negative symptom profile, Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, vol.5, issue.1, pp.13-32, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s004269900007

J. Rapoport, J. Giedd, and N. Gogtay, Neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: update 2012, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.9, issue.12, pp.1228-1266, 2012.
DOI : 10.1186/1741-7007-9-23

A. Shapiro and E. Shapiro, Controlled Study of Pimozide vs. Placebo in Tourette's Syndrome, Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.2, pp.161-173, 1984.
DOI : 10.1097/00004583-198403000-00007

G. Golden, Tardive dyskinesia in Tourette syndrome, Pediatric Neurology, vol.1, issue.3, pp.192-194, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0887-8994(85)90063-3

R. Silva, H. Magee, and A. Friedhoff, Persistent Tardive Dyskinesia and Other Neuroleptic-Related Dyskinesias in Tourette's Disorder, Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, vol.3, issue.3, pp.137-144, 1993.
DOI : 10.1089/cap.1993.3.137

R. Borison, L. Ang, W. Hamilton, B. Diamond, and J. Davis, Treatment approaches in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Brain Research Bulletin, vol.11, issue.2, pp.205-208, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0361-9230(83)90192-2

H. Singer, K. Gammon, and S. Quaskey, Haloperidol, Fluphenazine and Clonidine in Tourette Syndrome: Controversies in Treatment, Pediatric Neurosurgery, vol.12, issue.2, pp.71-74, 1985.
DOI : 10.1159/000120222

. American-psychiatric-association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders TE, Revised (DSM-III-R), 1987.

T. Group, Definitions and classification of tic disorders. The Tourette Syndrome Classification Study Group, Arch Neurol, vol.50, pp.1013-1016, 1993.

C. Goetz, C. Tanner, and H. Klawans, Fluphenazine and Multifocal Tic Disorders, Archives of Neurology, vol.41, issue.3, pp.271-272, 1984.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.1984.04050150049015

D. Levinson, G. Simpson, and E. Lo, Fluphenazine plasma levels , dosage, efficacy, and side effects, Am J Psychiatry, vol.152, pp.765-771, 1995.

R. Buchanan, J. Kreyenbuhl, and D. Kelly, The 2009 Schizophrenia PORT Psychopharmacological Treatment Recommendations and Summary Statements, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.57, issue.8, pp.71-93, 2010.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ps.57.8.1094

R. Burke, U. Kang, J. Jankovic, L. Miller, and S. Fahn, Tardive akathisia: An analysis of clinical features and response to open therapeutic trials, Movement Disorders, vol.312, issue.2, pp.157-175, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-407-02295-9.50009-6

S. Fahn, J. Jankovic, and M. Hallett, The tardive syndromes, Principles and Practice of Movement Disorders, pp.415-446
DOI : 10.1016/B978-1-4377-2369-4.00019-6

M. Stacy, F. Cardoso, and J. Jankovic, Tardive stereotypy and other movement disorders in tardive dyskinesias, Neurology, vol.43, issue.5, pp.937-941, 1993.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.43.5.937

J. Kane, M. Woerner, M. Borenstein, J. Wegner, and J. Lieberman, Integrating incidence and prevalence of tardive dyskinesia, Psychopharmacol Bull, vol.22, pp.254-258, 1986.

P. Oosthuizen, R. Emsley, J. Maritz, J. Turner, and N. Keyter, Incidence of Tardive Dyskinesia in First-Episode Psychosis Patients Treated With Low-Dose Haloperidol, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.64, issue.9, pp.1075-1080, 2003.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v64n0913

K. Muller-vahl and D. Krueger, Does Tourette syndrome prevent tardive dyskinesia?, Movement Disorders, vol.26, issue.13, pp.2442-2443, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/mds.23894

S. Singh and J. Jankovic, Tardive dystonia in patients with Tourette's syndrome, Movement Disorders, vol.9, issue.3, pp.274-280, 1988.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.34.5.688

J. Kane and J. Smith, Tardive Dyskinesia, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.39, issue.4, pp.473-481, 1959.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290040069010

O. Waln and J. Jankovic, An update on tardive dyskinesia: from phenomenology to treatment Available at: http://tremorjournal, Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov, vol.3, p.161, 2013.

N. Mejia and J. Jankovic, Tardive dyskinesia and withdrawal emergent syndrome in children, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, vol.20, issue.6, pp.893-901, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2009.08.002

E. Spina, V. Sturiale, and S. Valvo, Prevalence of acute dystonic reactions associated with neuroleptic treatment with and without anticholinergic prophylaxis, International Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.8, issue.1, pp.21-24, 1993.
DOI : 10.1097/00004850-199300810-00003

F. Ayd and J. , Neuroleptics and extrapyramidal reactions in psychiatric patients, Rev Can Biol, vol.20, pp.451-459, 1961.

C. Swett and J. , Drug-induced dystonia, Am J Psychiatry, vol.132, pp.532-534, 1975.

N. Rupniak, P. Jenner, and C. Marsden, Acute dystonia induced by neuroleptic drugs, Psychopharmacology, vol.88, issue.4, pp.403-419, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00178501

H. Matar and M. Almerie, Oral fluphenazine versus placebo for schizophrenia, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, issue.1, p.6352, 2007.

M. Pena, T. Yaltho, and J. Jankovic, Tardive dyskinesia and other movement disorders secondary to aripiprazole, Movement Disorders, vol.9, issue.4 Pt 2, pp.147-152, 2011.
DOI : 10.1517/14656566.9.9.1451

J. Bleton, PT, 1,2 ? Maxime Teremetz

A. Marc, P. Maier, and G. Lindberg, PhD 3 * 1 INSERM U894, Service de Neurologie, H^ opital Sainte-Anne 4 INSERM UMR S 975/CNRS UMR 7225/Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniè re (CRICM)

P. , M. Curie, and A. , H^ opital Piti e-Salp^ etriè re

P. Lin and M. Hallett, The Pathophysiology of Focal Hand Dystonia, Journal of Hand Therapy, vol.22, issue.2, pp.109-113, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jht.2008.10.008

S. Haller, D. Chapuis, R. Gassert, E. Burdet, and M. Klarh?-ofer, Supplementary motor area and anterior intraparietal area integrate fine-graded timing and force control during precision grip, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.Pt 1, pp.2401-2406, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.07003.x

C. Delnooz, R. Helmich, T. I. Van-de-warrenburg, and B. , Reduced parietal connectivity with a premotor writing area in writer's cramp, Movement Disorders, vol.38, issue.11, pp.1425-1431, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.07.037

T. Odergren, N. Iwasaki, J. Borg, and H. Forssberg, Impaired sensory???motor integration during grasping in writer???s cramp, Brain, vol.119, issue.2, pp.569-583, 1996.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/119.2.569

D. Nowak, K. Rosenkranz, H. Topka, and J. Rothwell, Disturbances of grip force behaviour in focal hand dystonia: evidence for a generalised impairment of sensory-motor integration?, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.76, issue.7, pp.953-959, 2005.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.2004.043943

R. Johansson, Sensory Input and Control of Grip, Novartis Found Symp, vol.10, pp.45-59, 1998.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.1994.sp020480

S. Beck, M. Schubert, S. Richardson, and M. Hallett, Surround inhibition depends on the force exerted and is abnormal in focal hand dystonia, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.18, issue.5, pp.1513-1518, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/mds.21870

G. Lafargue, D. Amico, A. Thobois, S. Broussolle, E. Sirigu et al., The ability to assess muscular force in asymmetrical Parkinson's disease, Cortex, vol.44, issue.1, pp.82-89, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cortex.2005.11.001

E. Cafarelli and C. Kostka, Effect of vibration on static force sensation in man, Experimental Neurology, vol.74, issue.2, pp.331-340, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4886(81)90173-4

W. Mugge, F. Van-der-helm, and A. Schouten, Integration of Sensory Force Feedback Is Disturbed in CRPS-Related Dystonia, PLoS ONE, vol.8, issue.1, p.60293, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0060293.g005

K. Rosenkranz, K. Butler, A. Williamon, and J. Rothwell, Regaining Motor Control in Musician's Dystonia by Restoring Sensorimotor Organization, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.29, issue.46, pp.14627-14636, 2009.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2094-09.2009

A. Nelson, T. Hoque, C. Gunraj, Z. Ni, and R. Chen, Impaired interhemispheric inhibition in writer's cramp, Neurology, vol.75, issue.5, pp.441-447, 2010.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181ebdda0

L. Avanzino, D. Martino, and I. Martino, Temporal expectation in focal hand dystonia, Brain, vol.20, issue.2, pp.444-454, 2013.
DOI : 10.1162/jocn.2008.20013

F. Molloy, T. Carr, K. Zeuner, J. Dambrosia, and M. Hallett, Abnormalities of spatial discrimination in focal and generalized dystonia, Brain, vol.126, issue.10, pp.2175-2182, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/awg219

J. Konczak and G. Abbruzzese, Focal dystonia in musicians: linking motor symptoms to somatosensory dysfunction, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, vol.7, p.297, 2013.
DOI : 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00297

S. Meunier, L. Garnero, and A. Ducorps, Human brain mapping in dystonia reveals both endophenotypic traits and adaptive reorganization, Annals of Neurology, vol.97, issue.4, pp.521-527, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(200021)97:1<52::AID-AJMG7>3.0.CO;2-6
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00179634

C. Delmaire, M. Vidailhet, and A. Elbaz, Structural abnormalities in the cerebellum and sensorimotor circuit in writer's cramp, Neurology, vol.69, issue.4, pp.376-380, 2007.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000266591.49624.1a

C. Delmaire, M. Vidailhet, and D. Wassermann, Diffusion Abnormalities in the Primary Sensorimotor Pathways in Writer's Cramp, Archives of Neurology, vol.66, issue.4, pp.502-508, 2009.
DOI : 10.1001/archneurol.2009.8

R. Moore, C. Gallea, S. Horovitz, and M. Hallett, Individuated finger control in focal hand dystonia: An fMRI study, NeuroImage, vol.61, issue.4, pp.823-831, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.066

M. Davare, J. Rothwell, and R. Lemon, Causal Connectivity between the Human Anterior Intraparietal Area and Premotor Cortex during Grasp, Current Biology, vol.20, issue.2, pp.176-181, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.063

T. Dr, . Miriam, and G. Sheldon, Adelson Graduate School of Medicine Israel; 3 Functional Brain Center , Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging