N. Ou-la, N. , and N. , liquides : un alcool neutre et une molécule neutre qui contient au moins un atome d'azote basique: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ène (DBU), butylguanidine (TMBG)

J. R. Phan, L. K. Andreatta, C. F. Horvey, A. Edie, A. Luco et al., Switchable-Polarity Solvents Prepared with a Single Liquid Component, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.73, issue.1, pp.127-132, 2008.
DOI : 10.1021/jo7017697

G. Jessop, D. J. Heldebrant, X. Li, C. A. Eckert, and C. L. Liotta, Reversible nonpolar-to-polar solvent, Nature, vol.124, issue.7054, pp.1102-1102, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/ja0167856

R. Hagiwara and Y. Ito, Room temperature ionic liquids of alkylimidazolium cations and fluoroanions, Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, vol.105, issue.2, pp.221-227, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-1139(99)00267-5

F. Hurley and T. P. Wier, Electrodeposition of Metals from Fused Quaternary Ammonium Salts, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol.98, issue.5, pp.203-206
DOI : 10.1149/1.2778132

J. M. Pringle, J. Golding, K. Baranyai, C. M. Forsyth, G. B. Deacon et al., The effect of anion fluorination in ionic liquids???physical properties of a range of bis(methanesulfonyl)amide salts, New J. Chem., vol.103, issue.5, pp.1504-1510, 2003.
DOI : 10.1021/jp984145s

R. Rousseau, M. R. Palacín, P. Gómez-romero, and E. , (M = V, Nb) Double Octahedral Slabs, Inorganic Chemistry, vol.35, issue.5, pp.1179-1184, 1996.
DOI : 10.1021/ic951048u

S. V. Dzyuba and R. A. Bartsch, Influence of Structural Variations in 1-Alkyl(aralkyl)-3-Methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphates and Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imides on Physical Properties of the Ionic Liquids, ChemPhysChem, vol.299, issue.2, pp.161-166, 2002.
DOI : 10.1039/c39940000299

K. N. Marsh, J. A. Boxall, and R. Lichtenthaler, Room temperature ionic liquids and their mixtures???a review, Fluid Phase Equilibria, vol.219, issue.1, pp.93-98, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fluid.2004.02.003

T. P. Pham, C. Cho, and Y. Yun, Environmental fate and toxicity of ionic liquids: A review, Water Research, vol.44, issue.2, pp.352-372, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.030

L. Cammarata, S. G. Kazarian, P. A. Salter, and T. Welton, Molecular states of water in room temperature ionic liquidsElectronic Supplementary Information available. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cp/b1/b106900d/, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, vol.3, issue.23, pp.5192-5200, 2001.
DOI : 10.1039/b106900d

Y. Chauvin, L. Mussmann, and H. Olivier, A Novel Class of Versatile Solvents for Two-Phase Catalysis: Hydrogenation, Isomerization, and Hydroformylation of Alkenes Catalyzed by Rhodium Complexes in Liquid 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Salts, Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, vol.34, issue.2324, pp.2698-2700, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.199526981

T. Predel, E. Schlücker, P. Wasserscheid, D. Gerhard, and W. Arlt, Ionic Liquids as Operating Fluids in High Pressure Applications, Chemical Engineering & Technology, vol.109, issue.11, pp.1475-1480, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/ceat.200700276

J. Dupont, P. A. Suarez, R. F. De-souza, R. A. Burrow, and J. Kintzinger, C-H-?? Interactions in 1-n-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetraphenylborate Molten Salt: Solid and Solution Structures, Chemistry - A European Journal, vol.6, issue.13, pp.2377-2381, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1521-3765(20000703)6:13<2377::AID-CHEM2377>3.0.CO;2-L

K. Fukumoto, M. Yoshizawa, and H. Ohno, Room Temperature Ionic Liquids from 20 Natural Amino Acids, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.127, issue.8, pp.2398-2399, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/ja043451i

S. Luo, X. Mi, L. Zhang, S. Liu, H. Xu et al., Functionalized Chiral Ionic Liquids as Highly Efficient Asymmetric Organocatalysts for Michael Addition to Nitroolefins, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.64, issue.19, pp.3093-3097, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/3527604677

B. Ni, A. D. Headley, and G. Li, Design and Synthesis of C-2 Substituted Chiral Imidazolium Ionic Liquids from Amino Acid Derivatives, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.70, issue.25, pp.10600-10602, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/jo051888i

W. Bao, Z. Wang, and Y. Li, Synthesis of Chiral Ionic Liquids from Natural Amino Acids, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.68, issue.2, pp.591-593, 2003.
DOI : 10.1021/jo020503i

R. Gausepohl, P. Buskens, J. Kleinen, A. Bruckmann, C. W. Lehmann et al., Highly Enantioselective Aza-Baylis???Hillman Reaction in a Chiral Reaction Medium, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.32, issue.22, pp.3689-3692, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/recl.19250440903

S. Garre, E. Parker, B. Ni, and A. D. Headley, Design and synthesis of bistereogenic chiral ionic liquids and their use as solvents for asymmetric Baylis???Hillman reactions, Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, vol.3, issue.17, pp.3041-3043, 2008.
DOI : 10.3998/ark.5550190.0004.507

X. Zheng, Y. Qian, and Y. Wang, Direct asymmetric aza Diels???Alder reaction catalyzed by chiral 2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid ionic liquid, Catalysis Communications, vol.11, issue.6, pp.567-570, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.catcom.2009.12.021

T. Truong and G. Vo-thanh, Synthesis of functionalized chiral ammonium, imidazolium, and pyridinium-based ionic liquids derived from (???)-ephedrine using solvent-free microwave activation. Applications for the asymmetric Michael addition, Tetrahedron, vol.66, issue.27-28, pp.5277-5282, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.101

S. V. Malhotra and Y. Wang, Application of chiral ionic liquids in the copper catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-addition of diethylzinc to enones, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, vol.17, issue.7, pp.1032-1035, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.03.030

M. Solinas, J. Jiang, O. Stelzer, and W. Leitner, A Cartridge System for Organometallic Catalysis: Sequential Catalysis and Separation Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide to Switch Phases, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.17, issue.15, pp.2291-2295, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-044450215-5/50086-X

C. A. Eckert, C. L. Liotta, D. Bush, J. S. Brown, and J. P. Hallett, Sustainable Reactions in Tunable Solvents, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol.108, issue.47, pp.18108-18118, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/jp0487612

L. Phan, J. R. Andreatta, L. K. Horvey, C. F. Edie, A. Luco et al., Switchable-Polarity Solvents Prepared with a Single Liquid Component, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.73, issue.1, pp.127-132, 2008.
DOI : 10.1021/jo7017697

P. G. Jessop, D. J. Heldebrant, X. Li, C. A. Eckert, and C. L. Liotta, Reversible nonpolar-to-polar solvent, Nature, vol.124, issue.7054, pp.1102-1102, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/ja0167856

L. Phan, D. Chiu, D. J. Heldebrant, H. Huttenhower, E. John et al., Switchable Solvents Consisting of Amidine/Alcohol or Guanidine/Alcohol Mixtures, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.47, issue.3, pp.539-545, 2008.
DOI : 10.1021/ie070552r

T. Yamada, P. J. Lukac, M. George, and R. G. Weiss, Reversible, Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids. Amidinium Carbamates Derived from Amidines and Aliphatic Primary Amines with Carbon Dioxide, Chemistry of Materials, vol.19, issue.5, pp.967-969, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/cm062622a

T. Yu, T. Yamada, G. C. Gaviola, and R. G. Weiss, Carbon Dioxide and Molecular Nitrogen as Switches between Ionic and Uncharged Room-Temperature Liquids Comprised of Amidines and Chiral Amino Alcohols, Chemistry of Materials, vol.20, issue.16, pp.5337-5344, 2008.
DOI : 10.1021/cm801169c

T. Yu, T. Yamada, and R. G. Weiss, and Amidine/Amine Mixtures., Chemistry of Materials, vol.22, issue.19, pp.5492-5499, 2010.
DOI : 10.1021/cm101316h

R. Custelcean, M. G. Gorbunova, and P. V. Bonnesen, Steric Control over Hydrogen Bonding in Crystalline Organic Solids: A Structural Study ofN,N?-Dialkylthioureas, Chemistry - A European Journal, vol.3, issue.5, pp.1459-1466, 2005.
DOI : 10.1515/znb-2000-1017

R. Hart, P. Pollet, D. J. Hahne, E. John, V. Llopis-mestre et al., Benign coupling of reactions and separations with reversible ionic liquids, Tetrahedron, vol.66, issue.5, pp.1082-1090, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.014

J. R. Switzer, A. L. Ethier, K. M. Flack, E. J. Biddinger, L. Gelbaum et al., Capture, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.52, issue.36, pp.13159-13163, 2013.
DOI : 10.1021/ie4018836

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00668488

M. Drag, R. Latajka, E. Gumienna-kontecka, H. Kozlowski, and P. Kafarski, Stereoselective synthesis, solution structure and metal complexes of (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-hydroxyalkylphosphonic acids, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, vol.14, issue.13, pp.1837-1845, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0957-4166(03)00278-7

S. Narasimhan and S. Velmathi, Effect of Microwaves in the Chiral Switching Asymmetric Michael Reaction, Molecules, vol.20, issue.2, p.256, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.199622651

S. Paul, M. Gupta, P. P. Singh, R. Gupta, and A. Loupy, A Mild, Efficient, and Green Procedure for Michael Addition of Active Methylene Compounds to Chalcones Under Microwave Irradiation, Synthetic Communications, vol.30, issue.2, pp.325-332, 2005.
DOI : 10.1081/SCC-120004153

M. Mirza-aghayan, G. Etemad-moghadam, A. Zaparucha, J. Berlan, A. Loupy et al., Ultrasound irradiation effects on the asymmetric michael reaction, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, vol.6, issue.11, pp.2643-2646, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00346-Q

J. Li, Y. Cui, G. Chen, Z. Cheng, and T. Li, Michael Addition Catalyzed by Potassium Hydroxide Under Ultrasound, Synthetic Communications, vol.12, issue.3, pp.353-359, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/jlac.19687170110

M. Yoshida, M. Narita, and S. Hara, Asymmetric Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones Catalyzed by a Primary ??-Amino Acid and Its Lithium Salt, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.76, issue.20, pp.8513-8517, 2011.
DOI : 10.1021/jo201429w

A. Armstrong, Y. Bhonoah, and A. J. White, Constrained ??-Proline Analogues in Organocatalytic Aldol Reactions: The Influence of Acid Geometry, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.74, issue.14, pp.5041-5048, 2009.
DOI : 10.1021/jo900840v

W. Siau and J. Wang, Asymmetric organocatalytic reactions by bifunctional amine-thioureas, Catalysis Science & Technology, vol.30, issue.11, pp.1298-1310, 2011.
DOI : 10.1039/b610416a

S. J. Connon, Organocatalysis Mediated by (Thio)urea Derivatives, Chemistry - A European Journal, vol.7, issue.21, pp.5418-5427, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-009-2464-2

P. Li, S. Wen, F. Yu, Q. Liu, W. Li et al., Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael Addition of Malonates to ??,??-Unsaturated Ketones, Organic Letters, vol.11, issue.3, pp.753-756, 2009.
DOI : 10.1021/ol802892h

L. B. Wingard, R. A. O-'reilly, and G. Levy, Pharmacokinetics of warfarin enantiomers: A search for intrasubject correlations, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol.23, issue.2, pp.212-217, 1978.
DOI : 10.1002/cpt1978232212

D. Fishelovitch, C. Hazan, S. Shaik, H. J. Wolfson, and R. Nussinov, Structural Dynamics of the Cooperative Binding of Organic Molecules in the Human Cytochrome P450 3A4, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.129, issue.6, pp.1602-1611, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/ja066007j

N. Halland, T. Hansen, and K. A. Jørgensen, Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Reaction of Cyclic 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and??,??-Unsaturated Ketones???A Highly Atom-Economic Catalytic One-Step Formation of Optically Active Warfarin Anticoagulant, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.42, issue.40, pp.4955-4957, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.200352136

J. Xie, L. Yue, W. Chen, W. Du, J. Zhu et al., Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Cyclic 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds to ??,??-Unsaturated Ketones, Organic Letters, vol.9, issue.3, pp.413-415, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/ol062718a

H. Yang, L. Li, K. Jiang, J. Jiang, G. Lai et al., Highly enantioselective synthesis of warfarin and its analogs by means of cooperative LiClO4/DPEN-catalyzed Michael reaction: enantioselectivity enhancement and mechanism, Tetrahedron, vol.66, issue.51, pp.9708-9713, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tet.2010.10.032

R. Mei, X. Xu, Y. Li, and J. Fu, Highly effective and enantioselective Michael addition of 4-hydroxycoumarin to ??,??-unsaturated ketones promoted by simple chiral primary amine thiourea bifunctional catalysts, Tetrahedron Letters, vol.52, issue.14, pp.1566-1568, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.054

D. J. Gravert and K. D. Janda, Organic Synthesis on Soluble Polymer Supports:?? Liquid-Phase Methodologies, Chemical Reviews, vol.97, issue.2, pp.489-510, 1997.
DOI : 10.1021/cr960064l

T. J. Dickerson, N. N. Reed, and K. D. Janda, Soluble Polymers as Scaffolds for Recoverable Catalysts and Reagents, Chemical Reviews, vol.102, issue.10, pp.3325-3344, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/cr010335e

C. Huo and T. H. Chan, A novel liquid-phase strategy for organic synthesis using organic ions as soluble supports, Chemical Society Reviews, vol.74, issue.8, pp.2977-3006, 2010.
DOI : 10.1039/b914497h

S. C. Ranade and A. V. Demchenko, Mechanism of Chemical Glycosylation: Focus on the Mode of Activation and Departure of Anomeric Leaving Groups, Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, vol.16, issue.1, pp.1-43, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/chem.200600262

C. Schuerch and J. M. Frechet, Solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides. I. Preparation of the solid support. Poly[p-(1-propen-3-ol-1-yl)styrene], Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.93, issue.2, pp.492-496, 1971.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00731a031

J. M. Frechet and C. Schuerch, Solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides. II. Steric control by C-6 substituents in glucoside syntheses, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.94, issue.2, pp.604-609, 1972.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00757a047

J. M. Frechet and C. Schuerch, Solid-phase synthesis of oligosacchapides, Carbohydrate Research, vol.22, issue.2, pp.399-412, 1972.
DOI : 10.1016/S0008-6215(00)81291-4

S. P. Douglas, D. M. Whitfield, and J. J. Krepinsky, Polymer-supported solution synthesis of oligosaccharides, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.113, issue.13, pp.5095-5097, 1991.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00013a075

G. Boons, Strategies in Oligosaccharide Synthesis, Tetrahedron, vol.52, issue.4, pp.1095-1121, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00897-7

T. Miura, K. Goto, D. Hosaka, and T. Inazu, Oligosaccharide Synthesis on a Fluorous Support, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.42, issue.18, pp.2047-2051, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.200250531

A. Tran, R. Burden, D. T. Racys, and M. C. Galan, Ionic catch and release oligosaccharide synthesis (ICROS), Chemical Communications, vol.038, issue.15, pp.4526-4528, 2011.
DOI : 10.1042/BST0381368

Q. Ma, S. Sun, X. Meng, Q. Li, S. Li et al., Assembly of Homolinear ??(1???2)-Linked Nonamannoside on Ionic Liquid Support, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.76, issue.14, pp.5652-5660, 2011.
DOI : 10.1021/jo2006126

P. Lerouge, P. Roche, C. Faucher, F. Maillet, G. Truchet et al., Symbiotic host-specificity of Rhizobium meliloti is determined by a sulphated and acylated glucosamine oligosaccharide signal, Nature, vol.344, issue.6268, pp.781-784, 1990.
DOI : 10.1038/344781a0

F. Maillet, V. Poinsot, O. Andre, V. Puech-pages, A. Haouy et al., Fungal lipochitooligosaccharide symbiotic signals in arbuscular mycorrhiza, Nature, vol.64, issue.7328, pp.58-63, 2011.
DOI : 10.1021/bi972937r

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00577122

H. Usuki, T. Nitoda, M. Ichikawa, N. Yamaji, T. Iwashita et al., NBRC 13369, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.130, issue.12, pp.4146-4152, 2008.
DOI : 10.1021/ja077641f

Y. Yang, Y. Li, and B. Yu, -Acetylglucosaminidases, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.131, issue.34, pp.12076-12077, 2009.
DOI : 10.1021/ja9055245

H. Usuki, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Kumagai, T. Nitoda, H. Kanzaki et al., MS/MS fragmentation-guided search of TMG-chitooligomycins and their structure???activity relationship in specific ??-N-acetylglucosaminidase inhibition, Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, vol.31, issue.8, pp.2943-2951, 2011.
DOI : 10.1584/jpestics.31.41

S. Halila, E. Samain, C. E. Vorgias, and S. Armand, A straightforward access to TMG-chitooligomycins and their evaluation as ??-N-acetylhexosaminidase inhibitors, Carbohydrate Research, vol.368, pp.52-56, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.carres.2012.12.007

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00787593

G. Despras, A. Alix, D. Urban, B. Vauzeilles, and J. Beau, From Chitin to Bioactive Chitooligosaccharides and Conjugates: Access to Lipochitooligosaccharides and the TMG-chitotriomycin, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.368, issue.3, pp.11912-11916, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.carres.2012.12.007

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01076451

L. Gillard, A. Tran, F. Boyer, and J. Beau, Chitooligosaccharide Synthesis Using an Ionic Tag, European Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.21, issue.6, pp.1103-1109
DOI : 10.1002/chem.201405481

L. Gillard, A. Stévenin, I. Schmitz-afonso, B. Vauzeilles, F. Boyer et al., Synthesis of the Fungal Lipo-Chitooligosaccharide Myc-IV (C16:0, S), Symbiotic Signal of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, European Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.124, issue.32, pp.7382-7390
DOI : 10.1002/cber.19911241036

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00912748

D. Macmillan, A. M. Daines, M. Bayrhuber, and S. L. Flitsch, Solid-Phase Synthesis of Thioether-Linked Glycopeptide Mimics for Application to Glycoprotein Semisynthesis, Organic Letters, vol.4, issue.9, pp.1467-1470, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/ol025627w

M. Collot, J. Savreux, and J. Mallet, New thioglycoside derivatives for use in odourless synthesis of MUXF3 N-glycan fragments related to food allergens, Tetrahedron, vol.64, issue.7, pp.1523-1535, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tet.2007.11.002

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00420782

R. Johnsson, M. Ohlin, and U. Ellervik, Reductive Openings of Benzylidene Acetals Revisited: A Mechanistic Scheme for Regio- and Stereoselectivity, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.75, issue.23, pp.8003-8011, 2010.
DOI : 10.1021/jo101184d

C. K. Yerneni, V. Pathak, and A. K. Pathak, Imidazolium Cation Supported Solution-Phase Assembly of Homolinear ??(1???6)???Linked Octamannoside: An Efficient Alternate Approach for Oligosaccharide Synthesis, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.74, issue.16, pp.6307-6310, 2009.
DOI : 10.1021/jo901169u

H. Jacobsen, A. Correa, A. Poater, C. Costabile, and L. Cavallo, Understanding the M(NHC) (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) bond, Coordination Chemistry Reviews, vol.253, issue.5-6, pp.687-703, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.06.006

N. Marion, S. Díez-gonzález, and S. P. Nolan, N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Organocatalysts, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.8, issue.17, pp.2988-3000, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.200603380

H. W. Wanzlick and H. J. Schönherr, Direct Synthesis of a Mercury Salt-Carbene Complex, Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, vol.7, issue.2, pp.141-142, 1968.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.196801412

K. Öfele, 1,3-Dimethyl-4-imidazolinyliden-(2)-pentacarbonylchrom ein neuer ??bergangsmetall-carben-komplex, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol.12, issue.3, pp.42-43, 1968.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-328X(00)88691-X

D. J. Cardin, B. Cetinkaya, and M. F. Lappert, Transition metal-carbene complexes, Chemical Reviews, vol.72, issue.5, pp.545-574, 1972.
DOI : 10.1021/cr60279a006

A. J. Arduengo, R. L. Harlow, and M. Kline, A stable crystalline carbene, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.113, issue.1, pp.361-363, 1991.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00001a054

S. Díez-gonzález and S. P. Nolan, Stereoelectronic parameters associated with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands: A quest for understanding, Coordination Chemistry Reviews, vol.251, issue.5-6, pp.874-883, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.10.004

A. J. Arduengo, H. V. Dias, R. L. Harlow, and M. Kline, Electronic stabilization of nucleophilic carbenes, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.114, issue.14, pp.5530-5534, 1992.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00040a007

V. Cesar, S. Bellemin-laponnaz, and L. H. Gade, Chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes as stereodirecting ligands in asymmetric catalysis, Chem. Soc. Rev., vol.41, issue.195, pp.619-636, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/1521-3773(20020517)41:10<1743::AID-ANIE1743>3.0.CO;2-Q

W. A. Herrmann, L. J. Goossen, C. Köcher, and G. R. Artus, Chiral Heterocylic Carbenes in Asymmetric Homogeneous Catalysis, Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, vol.35, issue.2324, pp.2805-2807, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.199628051

R. Noyori, Asymmetric Catalysis: Science and Opportunities (Nobel Lecture) Copyright?? The Nobel Foundation 2002. We thank the Nobel Foundation, Stockholm, for permission to print this lecture., Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.41, issue.12, pp.2008-2022, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/1521-3773(20020617)41:12<2008::AID-ANIE2008>3.0.CO;2-4

J. J. Van-veldhuizen, S. B. Garber, J. S. Kingsbury, and A. H. Hoveyda, A Recyclable Chiral Ru Catalyst for Enantioselective Olefin Metathesis. Efficient Catalytic Asymmetric Ring-Opening/Cross Metathesis in Air, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.124, issue.18, pp.4954-4955, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/ja020259c

C. Bolm, M. Kesselgruber, and G. Raabe, The First Planar-Chiral Stable Carbene and Its Metal Complexes, Organometallics, vol.21, issue.4, pp.707-710, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/om010679v

Y. Matsumoto, K. Yamada, and K. Tomioka, Symmetric Chiral NHC Ligand for Asymmetric Quaternary Carbon Constructing Copper-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to 3-Substituted Cyclohexenones, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.73, issue.12, pp.4578-4581, 2008.
DOI : 10.1021/jo800613h

M. S. Kharasch and P. O. Tawney, Factors Determining the Course and Mechanisms of Grignard Reactions. II. The Effect of Metallic Compounds on the Reaction between Isophorone and Methylmagnesium Bromide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.63, issue.9, pp.2308-2316, 1941.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01854a005

K. Lee, M. K. Brown, A. W. Hird, and A. H. Hoveyda, A Practical Method for Enantioselective Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers through NHC-Cu-Catalyzed Conjugate Additions of Alkyl- and Arylzinc Reagents to ??-Substituted Cyclic Enones, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.128, issue.22, pp.7182-7184, 2006.
DOI : 10.1021/ja062061o

T. L. May, M. K. Brown, and A. H. Hoveyda, Enantioselective Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers by Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Additions of Alkyl and Aryl Aluminum Reagents to Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered-Ring ??-Substituted Cyclic Enones, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.14, issue.38, pp.7358-7362, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.200802910

A. Alexakis, M. Vuagnoux-d-'augustin, D. Martin, S. Kehrli, L. Palais et al., Formation of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers by Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition, CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry, vol.62, issue.6, pp.461-464, 2008.
DOI : 10.2533/chimia.2008.461

D. Martin, S. Kehrli, M. Augustin, H. Clavier, M. Mauduit et al., Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to Trisubstituted Enones. Construction of All-Carbon Quaternary Chiral Centers, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.128, issue.26, pp.8416-8417, 2006.
DOI : 10.1021/ja0629920

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00405350

M. Tissot, D. Poggiali, H. Hénon, D. Müller, L. Guénée et al., Formation of Quaternary Stereogenic Centers by NHC-Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition Reactions with Grignard Reagents on Polyconjugated Cyclic Enones, Chemistry - A European Journal, vol.1, issue.28, pp.8731-8747, 2012.
DOI : 10.1002/asia.200600034

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875596

I. Collado, J. Ezquerra, and C. , Stereoselective Addition of Grignard-Derived Organocopper Reagents to N-Acyliminium Ions: Synthesis of Enantiopure 5- and 4,5-Substituted Prolinates, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.60, issue.16, pp.5011-5015, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00121a020

S. Kehrli, D. Martin, D. Rix, M. Mauduit, and A. , Formation of Quaternary Chiral Centers by N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition Reactions with Grignard Reagents on Trisubstituted Cyclic Enones, Chemistry - A European Journal, vol.32, issue.32, pp.9890-9904, 2010.
DOI : 10.15227/orgsyn.071.0022

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00757468

T. Kawabata, J. Chen, H. Suzuki, Y. Nagae, T. Kinoshita et al., -Isoleucine Derivatives, Organic Letters, vol.2, issue.24, pp.3883-3885, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/ol0066274

Y. Saito, H. Ouchi, and H. Takahata, A novel tert-butoxycarbonylation reagent: 1-tert-butoxy-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline (BBDI), Tetrahedron, vol.62, issue.50, pp.11599-11607, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tet.2006.09.063

A. A. Desai and W. D. Wulff, Controlled Diastereo- and Enantioselection in a Catalytic Asymmetric Aziridination, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.132, issue.38, pp.13100-13103, 2010.
DOI : 10.1021/ja1038648

N. R. Paz, D. Rodríguez-sosa, H. Valdés, R. Marticorena, D. Melián et al., -Iodosulfonamides, Organic Letters, vol.17, issue.10, pp.2370-2373, 2015.
DOI : 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00866

D. Yang, P. Wang, J. Liu, H. Xing, Y. Liu et al., Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel indole derivatives as AKT inhibitors, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, vol.22, issue.1, pp.366-373, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.022

R. Alfaro, F. Yuste, B. Ortiz, R. Sánchez-obregón, and J. L. García-ruano, ??-Amino vinyl sulfoxides in asymmetric synthesis. Synthesis of optically pure ??-substituted ??-amino nitriles, Tetrahedron, vol.65, issue.1, pp.357-363, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.037

A. Go??biowski, J. Jurczak, and U. Jacobsson, High pressure approach to the total synthesis of 6-EPI--purpurosamine b, Tetrahedron, vol.43, issue.13, pp.3063-3066, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)86847-2

D. C. Braddock, R. Bhuva, D. S. Millan, Y. Pérez-fuertes, C. A. Roberts et al., A Biosynthetically-Inspired Synthesis of the Tetrahydrofuran Core of Obtusallenes II and IV, Organic Letters, vol.9, issue.3, pp.445-448, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/ol062818g

V. Wascholowski, K. R. Knudsen, C. E. Mitchell, and S. V. Ley, A General Organocatalytic Enantioselective Malonate Addition to ??,??-Unsaturated Enones, Chemistry - A European Journal, vol.35, issue.20, pp.6155-6165, 2008.
DOI : 10.3998/ark.5550190.0003.720

H. Kondo, S. Aoki, Y. Ichikawa, R. L. Halcomb, H. Ritzen et al., Glycosyl Phosphites as Glycosylation Reagents: Scope and Mechanism, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.59, issue.4, pp.864-877, 1994.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00083a032

M. C. Hartman and J. K. Coward, -Acetylglucosamine Glycosides and Pyrophosphates via Epoxide Fluoridolysis:?? Versatile Reagents for the Study of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.124, issue.34, pp.10036-10053, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/ja0127234

G. Grundler and R. R. Schmidt, Anwendung des trichloracetimidatverfahrens auf 2-desoxy-2-phthalimido-d-glucose-derivative. Synthese von oligosacchariden der ???Core-Region??? von O-glycoproteinen des mucin-typs, Carbohydrate Research, vol.135, issue.2, pp.203-218, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/S0008-6215(00)90772-9

J. Zaminer, C. Brockmann, P. Huy, R. Opitz, C. Reuter et al., Addressing Protein-Protein Interactions with Small Molecules: A Pro-Pro Dipeptide Mimic with a PPII Helix Conformation as a Module for the Synthesis of PRD-Binding Ligands, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.336, issue.39, pp.7111-7115, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00501-4

J. Dong, Y. Gong, J. Liu, X. Chen, X. Wen et al., Synthesis and biological evaluation of all eight stereoisomers of DPP-IV inhibitor saxagliptin, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, vol.22, issue.4, pp.1383-1393, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.12.061

D. S. Black, G. L. Edwards, R. H. Evans, P. A. Keller, and S. M. Laaman, Synthesis and Reactivity of 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate Ester 1-Oxides, Tetrahedron, vol.56, issue.13, pp.1889-1897, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4020(00)00094-6

Z. Pei, X. Li, K. Longenecker, T. W. Von-geldern, P. E. Wiedeman et al., Discovery, Structure???Activity Relationship, and Pharmacological Evaluation of (5-Substituted-pyrrolidinyl-2-carbonyl)-2-cyanopyrrolidines as Potent Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitors, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.49, issue.12, pp.3520-3535, 2006.
DOI : 10.1021/jm051283e