, Les moindres carrés ont été le dernier maillon d'une chaîne de développement qui a commencé environ en 1748, et [...] à la fin des années 1780 des méthodes qui étaient largement connues et utilisées se révélaient, pour des raisons pratiques, adéquates pour les problèmes rencontrés, Voir plus généralement le chapitre " Least Squares and the Combination of Observations, pp.1511-61, 1986.

. Stigler, The Laplace-Gauss Synthesis, pp.139-158, 1986.

, Stigler, p.11, 1986.

, Eddington avait d'abord prédit ? ?1 = 136, puis, reconnaissant le désaccord expérimental pointé par la communauté des physiciens

, Helge Kragh a documenté l'histoire de la constante de structure fine, et en particulier les débats concernant Eddington et la communauté scientifique, Kragh, 2003.

, Anticipant la publication de son article d'ajustements, Birge avait également publié dans Nature une très brève critique du résultat d'Eddington, Birge Birge, p.72, 1929.

, Bond, 1930.

«. Le-principe-majeur-qui-sous, mais dans ses deux articles, Bond ne parvient pas à mener la théorie à sa conclusion logique. L'auteur n'est pas d'accord du tout avec le choix de données de Bond, ni avec sa pondération des données, et c'est pour cette raison qu'un réexamen du matériau disponible a été effectué Tous les calculs de Bond sont menés pour des méthodes de moindres carrés, mais dans certains cas il semble avoir utilisé des formules qui ne sont pas applicables à la situation, 231. 9. Comité International des Poids et Mesures, pp.1615-1631, 1932.

U. Comme-l-'explique-quinn, ». Résultat-de-mesure-est-un-«-constat-complexe, and Q. , Pour l'utilisateur final, ce doit préférentiellement être une donnée simple à exploiter. 12, 16. 13. Comité International des Poids et Mesures, pp.10-14, 1977.

E. Le-questionnaire, Ambler fut lui-même l'un des répondants au questionnaire, au nom du NBS, « non pas en tant que statisticien mais en tant que physicien, appendix I " Questionnaire on uncertainties, pp.1-2, 1980.

G. Voir, Ambler relèvera que l'application de la recommandation INC-1 est lacunaire dans le cadre des intercomparaisons : « (D)ans la récente comparaison interlaboratoire du CCPR, certains laboratoires semblaient encore ignorer la recommandation du Groupe de travail sur l'expression des incertitudes qui demande d'utiliser l'écarttype . Le CIPM adoptera par conséquent une nouvelle recommandation, la recommandation CI-1986 (Comité International des Poids et Mesures, Voir aussi Giacomo Comité International des Poids et Mesures Comité International des Poids et Mesures14 ; Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM)30) afin de systématiser l'utilisation des principes scientifiques développés dans la recommandation INC-1, pour les travaux effectuées dans le cadre du CIPM. 25. Comité International des Poids et Mesures, pp.1473-7430, 1980.

, Comité International des Poids et Mesures, p.2537, 1984.

. La-façon-dont, Le rapport de la réunion de l'ISO-TAG4-WG3 d'octobre 1986 indique seulement : « ces dernières années, le CIPM a renvoyé cette question à l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO) car il a estimé qu'il s'agit là d'un corps international plus logique pour essayer de parvenir à un accord et à une uniformité sur l'énoncé des incertitudes dans les organisations internationales de normalisation et de métrologie Barry Taylor avance l'hypothèse suivante : à ce moment, le secrétaire général de l'ISO, 1986.

, Karp, p.3, 1986.

, Karp, pp.11-12, 1986.

K. Taylor, , 1994.

. Taylor, Bich Bich Bich, vol.49, issue.51, 2013.

, Organisation internationale de normalisation (ISO), 1993.

, Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), 2008.

, qui sera publié de nouveau en 2012 pour corriger quelques erreurs, Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), 2008.

, la majorité des participants de la réunion se sont mis d'accord " ? c'est la position prétendue qu'adopte le président de la réunion. On ne sait pas ce à quoi l' " accord " de cette phrase se réfère, mais il semble n'y avoir eu aucun signe visible d'une quelconque majorité d'opinion lors de la réunion ou lors des votes et sondages effectués, pp.58-63, 1987.

E. France, L. Gum-est-un-temps-devenu-la-norme, and N. Env, ) ; cette norme a été annulée en août, 1999.

A. and P. , Concepts of Science : A Philosophical Analysis, Concepts of Science, 1968.

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