C. Albérola and C. Millot, Circulation in the French mediterranean coastal zone near Marseilles: the influence of wind and the Northern Current, Continental Shelf Research, vol.23, issue.6, pp.587-610, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0278-4343(03)00002-5

C. Albérola, C. Millot, and J. Font, On the seasonal and mesoscale variabilities of the Northern Current during the PRIMO-0 experiment in the western Mediterranean-sea, Oceanologica Acta, vol.18, issue.2, pp.163-192, 1995.

G. André, P. Garreau, V. Garnier, and P. Fraunié, Modelled variability of the sea surface circulation in the North-western Mediterranean Sea and in the Gulf of Lions, Ocean Dynamics, vol.111, issue.6, pp.3-4294, 2005.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-21-3-2003

A. Arakawa and Y. G. Hsu, Energy Conserving and Potential-Enstrophy Dissipating Schemes for the Shallow Water Equations, Monthly Weather Review, vol.118, issue.10, pp.1960-1969, 1990.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1990)118<1960:ECAPED>2.0.CO;2

A. Arakawa and V. R. Lamb, Computational Design of the Basic Dynamical Processes of the UCLA General Circulation Model, Methods in computational physics, vol.17, pp.173-265, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-460817-7.50009-4

J. Arístegui, P. Tett, A. Hernández-guerra, G. Basterretxea, M. F. Montero et al., The influence of islandgenerated eddies on chlorophyll distribution : a study of mesoscale variation around Gran Canaria. Deep Sea Research Part I : Oceanographic Research Papers, pp.71-96, 1997.

M. Astraldi and G. P. Gasparini, The seasonal characteristics of the circulation in the north Mediterranean basin and their relationship with the atmospheric-climatic conditions, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.9, issue.2, pp.979531-9540, 1978.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1987)017<0134:ABFDCG>2.0.CO;2

F. Auclair, P. Marsaleix, and C. Estournel, The penetration of the Northern Current over the Gulf of Lions (Mediterranean) as a downscaling problem, Oceanologica Acta, vol.24, issue.6, pp.529-544, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(01)01166-5

N. Barrier, A. Petrenko, and Y. Ourmières, Strong intrusions of the Northern Mediterranean Current on the eastern Gulf of Lion: insights from in-situ observations and high resolution numerical modelling, Ocean Dynamics, vol.25, issue.17, pp.66313-327, 2016.
DOI : 10.1007/s10236-016-0921-7

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01436127

A. Barth, A. Alvera-azcárate, M. Rixen, and J. Beckers, Two-way nested model of mesoscale circulation features in the Ligurian Sea, Progress in Oceanography, vol.66, issue.2-4, pp.171-189, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pocean.2004.07.017

B. Bernard, G. Madec, T. Penduff, J. Molines, A. Treguier et al., Impact of partial steps and momentum advection schemes in a global ocean circulation model at eddy-permitting resolution. Ocean dynamics, pp.5-6543, 2006.

J. P. Bethoux, L. Prieur, and F. Nyffeler, The Water Circulation in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea, its Relations with Wind and Atmospheric Pressure, pp.129-142, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/S0422-9894(08)71240-6

F. Birol, M. Cancet, and C. Estournel, Aspects of the seasonal variability of the Northern Current (NW Mediterranean Sea) observed by altimetry, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.81, issue.4, pp.297-311, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.01.005

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00519368

B. Blanke and P. Delecluse, Variability of the Tropical Atlantic Ocean Simulated by a General Circulation Model with Two Different Mixed-Layer Physics, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.23, issue.7, pp.1363-1388, 1993.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1993)023<1363:VOTTAO>2.0.CO;2

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01143309

J. Bouffard, L. Renault, S. Ruiz, A. Pascual, C. Dufau et al., Sub-surface small-scale eddy dynamics from multi-sensor observations and modeling, Progress in Oceanography, vol.106, pp.62-79, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pocean.2012.06.007

URL : https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/54302/4/Sub.surface_bouffard.pdf

C. L. Brossier, T. Arsouze, K. Béranger, M. Bouin, E. Bresson et al., Ocean Mixed Layer responses to intense meteorological events during HyMeX-SOP1 from a high-resolution ocean simulation, Ocean Modelling, vol.84, pp.84-103, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.09.009

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01138816

E. Casella, A. Molcard, and A. Provenzale, Mesoscale vortices in the Ligurian Sea and their effect on coastal upwelling processes, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.88, issue.1, pp.12-19, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.02.019

J. Chanut, B. Barnier, W. Large, L. Debreu, T. Penduff et al., Mesoscale Eddies in the Labrador Sea and Their Contribution to Convection and Restratification, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.38, issue.8, pp.381617-1643, 2008.
DOI : 10.1175/2008JPO3485.1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00266980

P. Conan and C. Millot, Variability of the northern current off marseilles, western mediterranean sea, from february to june 1992, Oceanologica Acta, vol.18, issue.2, pp.193-205, 1995.

R. Courant, K. Friedrichs, and H. Lewy, On the Partial Difference Equations of Mathematical Physics, IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol.11, issue.2, pp.215-234, 1967.
DOI : 10.1147/rd.112.0215

M. D. Cox, A primitive equation, 3-dimensional model of the ocean. Gfdl ocean group technical report, 1984.

D. D. Crombie, Doppler Spectrum of Sea Echo at 13.56 Mc./s., Nature, vol.158, issue.4459, 1955.
DOI : 10.1038/175681a0

L. Debreu, P. Marchesiello, P. Penven, C. , and G. , Two-way nesting in splitexplicit ocean models : algorithms, implementation and validation. Ocean Modelling, pp.1-21, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.03.003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00690731

L. Debreu, C. Vouland, and E. Blayo, AGRIF: Adaptive grid refinement in Fortran, Computers & Geosciences, vol.34, issue.1, pp.8-13, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cageo.2007.01.009

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00069912

A. Declerck, Y. Ourmières, and A. Molcard, Assessment of the coastal dynamics in a nested zoom and feddback on the boundary current : the North-Western Mediterranean Sea case, 2016.

T. D. Dickey, The emergence of concurrent high-resolution physical and bio-optical measurements in the upper ocean and their applications, Reviews of Geophysics, vol.78, issue.3, pp.383-413, 1991.
DOI : 10.5670/oceanog.1988.34

A. M. Doglioli, A. Griffa, and M. G. Magaldi, Numerical study of a coastal current on a steep slope in presence of a cape: The case of the Promontorio di Portofino, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.102, issue.C3, 2004.
DOI : 10.1115/1.3157711

J. K. Dukowicz and R. D. Smith, Implicit free-surface method for the Bryan-Cox-Semtner ocean model, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.97, issue.C4, pp.997991-8014, 1994.
DOI : 10.1029/92JC00911

V. Echevin, M. Crepon, and L. Mortier, Interaction of a Coastal Current with a Gulf: Application to the Shelf Circulation of the Gulf of Lions in the Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.33, issue.1, pp.188-206, 2003.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0188:IOACCW>2.0.CO;2

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00153947

R. Escudier, L. Renault, A. Pascual, P. Brasseur, D. Chelton et al., Eddy properties in the Western Mediterranean Sea from satellite altimetry and a numerical simulation, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.104, issue.C6, pp.1213990-4006, 2016.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JC900062

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01389526

C. Estournel, P. Testor, P. Damien, F. Ortenzio, P. Marsaleix et al., High resolution modeling of dense water formation in the north-western Mediterranean during winter 2012-2013: Processes and budget, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.26, issue.C9, pp.1215367-5392, 2016.
DOI : 10.1029/2008GL033257

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01373956

M. M. Flexas, X. D. De-madron, M. A. Garcia, M. Canals, and P. Arnau, Flow variability in the Gulf of Lions during the MATER HFF experiment, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.33, pp.197-214, 1997.

P. Forget, Y. Barbin, and G. André, Monitoring of Surface Ocean Circulation in the Gulf of Lions (North-West Mediterranean Sea) Using WERA HF Radars, IGARSS 2008, 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, p.375, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778872

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00745369

P. Garreau, V. Garnier, and A. Schaeffer, Eddy resolving modelling of the Gulf of Lions and Catalan Sea, Ocean Dynamics, vol.289, issue.4, pp.61991-1003, 2011.
DOI : 10.1017/S002211209500125X

J. Gatti, Intrusions du Courant Nord Méditerranéen sur la partie est du plateau continental du Golfe du Lion, 2008.

J. Gatti, Intrusions du Courant Nord Méditerranéen sur la partie est du plateau continental du Golfe du Lion, 2008.

K. Guihou, Étude de la dynamique du Courant Nord au large de Toulon, à l'aide de modèle, observations in-situ et données satellites, 2013.

K. Guihou, J. Marmain, Y. Ourmières, A. Molcard, B. Zakardjian et al., A case study of the mesoscale dynamics in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: a combined data?model approach, Ocean Dynamics, vol.36, issue.3, pp.63793-808, 2013.
DOI : 10.1029/2000JC000376

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00833634

K. Gurgel, A. Dzvonkovskaya, T. Pohlmann, T. Schlick, and E. Gill, Simulation and detection of tsunami signatures in ocean surface currents measured by HF radar, Ocean Dynamics, vol.19, issue.24, pp.611495-1507, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/TAES.1983.309350

M. Herrmann, S. Somot, F. Sevault, C. Estournel, and M. Déqué, Modeling the deep convection in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea using an eddy-permitting and an eddyresolving model : Case study of winter, Journal of Geophysical Research, issue.C4, p.113, 1986.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00195049

J. M. Huthnance, Circulation, exchange and water masses at the ocean margin: the role of physical processes at the shelf edge, Progress in Oceanography, vol.35, issue.4, pp.353-431, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0079-6611(95)80003-C

M. Kersale, A. Petrenko, A. Doglioli, I. Dekeyser, and F. Nencioli, Physical characteristics and dynamics of the coastal Latex09 Eddy derived from in situ data and numerical modeling, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.21, issue.7, pp.399-409, 2013.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1991)021<1062:IOAWRW>2.0.CO;2

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00756955

P. D. Killworth, D. J. Webb, D. Stainforth, and S. M. Paterson, The Development of a Free-Surface Bryan???Cox???Semtner Ocean Model, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.21, issue.9, pp.1333-1348, 1991.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1991)021<1333:TDOAFS>2.0.CO;2

A. N. Kolmogorov, The equation of turbulent motion in an incompressible fluid, Izy Akad Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz, vol.6, pp.91-112, 1942.

L. Violette and P. E. , Overview of the major forcings and water masses of the western Mediterranean Sea, Seasonal and Interannual Variability of the Western Mediterranean Sea, pp.1-11, 1994.
DOI : 10.1029/88EO00125

H. Lacombe, J. Gascard, J. Gonella, and J. Bethoux, Response of the Mediterranean to the water and energy fluxes across its surface, on seasonal and interannual scales, Oceanologica Acta, vol.4, issue.2, pp.247-255, 1981.

A. Lapouyade and X. Durrieu-de-madron, Seasonal variability of the advective transport of particulate matter and organic carbon in the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean), Oceanologica Acta, vol.24, issue.3, pp.295-312, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(01)01148-3

W. G. Large, J. C. Mcwilliams, and S. C. Doney, Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization, Reviews of Geophysics, vol.33, issue.11, pp.363-403, 1994.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511608827

W. G. Large and S. G. Yeager, Diurnal to decadal global forcing for ocean and sea-ice models : the data sets and flux climatologies, 2004.

C. Lebeaupin-brossier, V. Ducrocq, and H. Giordani, Effects of the air???sea coupling time frequency on the ocean response during Mediterranean intense events, Ocean Dynamics, vol.109, issue.1, pp.539-549, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s10236-009-0198-1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/meteo-00396953

B. J. Lipa and D. E. Barrick, Extraction of sea state from HF radar sea echo: Mathematical theory and modeling, Radio Science, vol.21, issue.1, pp.81-100, 1986.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1977)007<0003:OTNTFG>2.0.CO;2

Y. Liu, R. H. Weisberg, and L. K. Shay, Current Patterns on the West Florida Shelf from Joint Self-Organizing Map Analyses of HF Radar and ADCP Data, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, vol.24, issue.4, pp.702-712, 2007.
DOI : 10.1175/JTECH1999.1

M. Lopez-garcia, C. Millot, J. Font, and E. Garcia-ladona, Surface circulation variability in the Balearic Basin, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.46, issue.C2, pp.3285-3296, 1994.
DOI : 10.1357/002224088785113586

G. Madec, NEMO ocean engine Online access, 2008.

G. Madec, P. Delecluse, M. Crepon, and M. Chartier, A Three-Dimensional Numerical Study of Deep-Water Formation in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.21, issue.9, pp.1349-1371, 1991.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1991)021<1349:ATDNSO>2.0.CO;2

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00153956

G. Madec, P. Delecluse, M. Imbard, and C. Lévy, OPA 8.1 Ocean General Circulation Model Reference Manual, Notes du pôle de modélisation de l'Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00154217

J. Marmain, A. Molcard, P. Forget, A. Barth, and Y. Ourmières, Assimilation of HF radar surface currents to optimize forcing in the northwenorth Mediterranean Sea, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, pp.659-675, 2014.

P. Marsaleix, F. Auclair, J. W. Floor, M. J. Herrmann, C. Estournel et al., Energy conservation issues in sigma-coordinate free-surface ocean models. Ocean Modelling, pp.61-89, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.07.005

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00518955

C. Millot, Mesoscale and seasonal variabilities of the circulation in the western Mediterranean, Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, vol.15, issue.3-5, pp.179-214, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-0265(91)90020-G

C. Millot, Circulation in the Western Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.20, issue.1-4, pp.423-442, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-7963(98)00078-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00465628

C. Millot and I. Taupier-letage, Circulation in the Mediterranean Sea, pp.29-66, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/b107143

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01191856

Y. Ourmières, J. M. Blankart, L. Berline, P. Brasseur, and J. Verron, Incremental Analysis Update Implementation into a Sequential Ocean Data Assimilation System, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, vol.23, issue.12, pp.1729-1744, 2006.
DOI : 10.1175/JTECH1947.1

Y. Ourmières, B. Zakardjian, K. Béranger, and C. Langlais, Assessment of a NEMO-based downscaling experiment for the North-Western Mediterranean region: Impacts on the Northern Current and comparison with ADCP data and altimetry products, Ocean Modelling, vol.39, issue.3-4, pp.386-404, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.06.002

I. Pairaud, J. Gatti, N. Bensoussan, R. Verney, and P. Garreau, Hydrology and circulation in a coastal area off Marseille: Validation of a nested 3D model with observations, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.88, issue.1, pp.20-23, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.02.010

T. Penduff, L. Sommer, J. Barnier, B. Tréguier, A. Molines et al., Influence of numerical schemes on current-topography interactions in 1/4&deg; global ocean simulations, Ocean Science Discussions, vol.4, issue.3, pp.491-528, 2007.
DOI : 10.5194/osd-4-491-2007

A. Petrenko, Variability of circulation features in the Gulf of Lion NW Mediterranean Sea. Importance of inertial currents, Oceanologica Acta, vol.26, issue.4, pp.323-338, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(03)00038-0

A. Petrenko, Y. Leredde, and P. Marsaleix, Circulation in a stratified and wind-forced Gulf of Lions, NW Mediterranean Sea: in situ and modeling data, Continental Shelf Research, vol.25, issue.1, pp.7-27, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2004.09.004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00023207

G. Reffray, R. Bourdalle-badie, C. , and C. , Modelling turbulent vertical mixing sensitivity using a 1-D version of NEMO, Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, pp.5249-5293, 2014.

K. B. Rodgers, O. Aumont, S. M. Fletcher, Y. Plancherel, L. Bopp et al., Strong sensitivity of Southern Ocean carbon uptake and nutrient cycling to wind stirring, Biogeosciences, issue.15, pp.114077-4098, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01128483

G. Roullet and G. Madec, Salt conservation, free surface, and varying levels: A new formulation for ocean general circulation models, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.97, issue.C10, pp.10523927-23942, 1978.
DOI : 10.1029/92JC00911

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00772157

A. Rubio, V. Taillandier, and P. Garreau, Reconstruction of the Mediterranean northern current variability and associated cross-shelf transport in the Gulf of Lions from satellite-tracked drifters and model outputs, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.78, pp.63-78, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.011

C. Sammari, C. Millot, and L. Prieur, Aspects of the seasonal and mesoscale variabilities of the Northern Current in the western Mediterranean Sea inferred from the PROLIG-2 and PROS-6 experiments. Deep-Sea Research Part I : Oceanographic Research Papers, pp.42893-917, 1995.

U. Send, J. Font, G. Krahmann, C. Millot, M. Rhein et al., Recent advances in observing the physical oceanography of the western Mediterranean Sea, Progress in Oceanography, vol.44, issue.1-3, pp.37-64, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0079-6611(99)00020-8

A. F. Shchepetkin and J. C. Mcwilliams, The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS): a split-explicit, free-surface, topography-following-coordinate oceanic model, Ocean Modelling, vol.9, issue.4, pp.347-404, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2004.08.002

D. Stammer, Global Characteristics of Ocean Variability Estimated from Regional TOPEX/POSEIDON Altimeter Measurements, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.27, issue.8, pp.1743-1769, 1997.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<1743:GCOOVE>2.0.CO;2

R. H. Stewart and J. W. Joy, HF radio measurements of surface currents, Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, pp.1039-1049, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/0011-7471(74)90066-7

A. Storto, S. Masina, and A. Navarra, Evaluation of the CMCC eddy-permitting global ocean physical reanalysis system (C-GLORS, 1982-2012) and its assimilation components, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.2, issue.695, 2015.
DOI : 10.1029/2012GL053240

L. D. Talley, Introduction to Descriptive Physical Oceanography, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-7506-4552-2.10001-0

I. Taupier-letage and C. Millot, General hydrodynamic features in the Ligurian Sea inferred from the DYOME experiment, Oceanologica Acta, vol.9, issue.2, pp.119-132, 1986.

B. Tranchant, C. Testut, N. Ferry, F. Birol, and P. Brasseur, SAM2 : The second generation of Mercator assimilation system, Proceeding of the 4th international Conference on EUROGOOS, pp.650-655, 2006.

L. Umlauf and H. Burchard, A generic length-scale equation for geophysical turbulence models, Journal of Marine Research, vol.61, issue.2, pp.235-265, 2003.
DOI : 10.1357/002224003322005087

L. Umlauf and H. Burchard, Second-order turbulence closure models for geophysical boundary layers. A review of recent work, Continental Shelf Research, vol.25, issue.7-8, pp.795-827, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2004.08.004

S. T. Zalesak, Fully multidimensional flux-corrected transport algorithms for fluids, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.31, issue.3, pp.335-362, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9991(79)90051-2

R. Zhang and M. Endoh, A Free Surface General Circulation Model for the Tropical Pacific Ocean, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.97, issue.C7, pp.9711237-11255, 1992.
DOI : 10.1029/92JC00911

. Haut, Champs de vorticité relative (s ?1 ) moyen sur la simulation, et intégré entre 0 et 150 m de profondeur. Les vecteurs superposés représentent l'intensité et la direction des courants moyens intégrés sur la même couche. Bas : Énergie cinétique turbulente de surface (cm 2 /s ?2 ) moyenne sur la totalité de la simulation

C. Albérola and C. Millot, Circulation in the French mediterranean coastal zone near Marseilles: the influence of wind and the Northern Current, Continental Shelf Research, vol.23, issue.6, pp.587-610, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0278-4343(03)00002-5

C. Albérola, C. Millot, and J. Font, On the seasonal and mesoscale variabilities of the Northern Current during the PRIMO-0 experiment in the western Mediterranean-sea, Oceanol Acta, vol.18, issue.2, pp.163-192, 1995.

G. André, P. Garreau, and P. Fraunie, Mesoscale slope current variability in the Gulf of Lions. Interpretation of in-situ measurements using a three-dimensional model, Continental Shelf Research, vol.29, issue.2, pp.407-423, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2008.10.004

M. Astraldi and G. Gasparini, The seasonal characteristics of the circulation in the north Mediterranean basin and their relationship with the atmospheric-climatic conditions, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.9, issue.2, pp.979531-9540, 1978.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1987)017<0134:ABFDCG>2.0.CO;2

M. Astraldi, G. Gasparini, G. Manzella, and T. Hopkins, Temporal variability of currents in the eastern Ligurian Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.3, issue.9, pp.951515-1522, 1978.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02507094

F. Auclair, P. Marsaleix, and C. Estournel, The penetration of the Northern Current over the Gulf of Lions (Mediterranean) as a downscaling problem, Oceanologica Acta, vol.24, issue.6, pp.529-544, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(01)01166-5

N. Barrier and A. Petrenko, Strong intrusions of the Northern Mediterranean Current on the eastern Gulf of Lion: insights from in-situ observations and high resolution numerical modelling, Ocean Dynamics, vol.25, issue.17, pp.313-327
DOI : 10.1007/s10236-016-0921-7

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01436127

A. Barth, A. Alvera-azcárate, M. Rixen, and J. Beckers, Two-way nested model of mesoscale circulation features in the Ligurian Sea, Progress in Oceanography, vol.66, issue.2-4, pp.171-189, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pocean.2004.07.017

S. Berné, D. Carré, B. Loubrieu, J. Mazé, L. Morvan et al., Le Golfe du Lion -Carte morpho-bathymétrique. Ifremer/Conseil Régional du Languedoc-Roussillon Bethoux JP, Prieur L, Nyffeler F (1982) The water circulation in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea, its relations with wind and atmospheric pressure, pp.129-142, 2004.

B. Blanke and P. Delecluse, Variability of the Tropical Atlantic Ocean Simulated by a General Circulation Model with Two Different Mixed-Layer Physics, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.23, issue.7, pp.1363-1388, 1993.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1993)023<1363:VOTTAO>2.0.CO;2

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01143309

S. Cailleau, V. Fedorenko, B. Barnier, E. Blayo, and L. Debreu, Comparison of different numerical methods used to handle the open boundary of a regional ocean circulation model of the Bay of Biscay, Ocean Modelling, vol.25, issue.1-2, pp.1-16, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2008.05.009

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00387446

J. Chanut, J. Chanut, B. Barnier, W. Large, L. Debreu et al., Mesoscale Eddies in the Labrador Sea and Their Contribution to Convection and Restratification, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.38, issue.8, pp.1617-1643, 2003.
DOI : 10.1175/2008JPO3485.1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00266980

P. Conan and C. Millot, Variability of the northern current off marseilles , western mediterranean sea, from february to june 1992, Oceanol Acta, vol.18, issue.2, pp.193-205, 1995.

R. Courant, K. Friedrichs, and H. Lewy, On the Partial Difference Equations of Mathematical Physics, IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol.11, issue.2, pp.215-234, 1967.
DOI : 10.1147/rd.112.0215

L. Debreu, C. Vouland, and E. Blayo, AGRIF: Adaptive grid refinement in Fortran, Computers & Geosciences, vol.34, issue.1, pp.8-13, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cageo.2007.01.009

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00069912

L. Debreu, P. Marchesiello, P. Penven, and G. Cambon, Two-way nesting in split-explicit ocean models: Algorithms, implementation and validation, Ocean Modelling, vol.49, issue.50, pp.1-21, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.03.003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00690731

X. Durrieu-de-madron, O. Radakovitch, S. Heussner, M. Loye-pilot, and A. Monaco, Role of the climatological and current variability on shelf-slope exchanges of particulate matter: Evidence from the Rh??ne continental margin (NW Mediterranean), Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.46, issue.9, pp.1513-1538, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00015-1

M. Flexas, X. De-madron, M. Garcia, M. Canals, and P. Arnau, Flow variability in the Gulf of Lions during the MATER HFF experiment, J Marine Sys, vol.33, pp.197-214, 1997.

K. Guihou, K. Guihou, J. Marmain, Y. Ourmì-eres, A. Molcard et al., A case study of the mesoscale dynamics in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: a combined data???model approach, Ocean Dynamics, vol.36, issue.3, pp.793-808, 2013.
DOI : 10.1029/2000JC000376

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00833634

K. Gurgel, G. Antonischki, H. Essen, and T. Schlick, Wellen Radar (WERA): a new ground-wave HF radar for ocean remote sensing, Coastal Engineering, vol.37, issue.3-4, pp.219-234, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-3839(99)00027-7

M. Juza, B. Mourre, J. Lellouche, M. Tonani, and J. Tintore, From basin to sub-basin scale assessment and intercomparison of numerical simulations in the Western Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.149, pp.36-49, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.04.010

A. Lapouyade and X. Durrieu-de-madron, Seasonal variability of the advective transport of particulate matter and organic carbon in the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean), Oceanologica Acta, vol.24, issue.3, pp.295-312, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(01)01148-3

W. Large, S. Yeager, . Ncar, N. Tn-460+str, . Technical et al., Diurnal to decadal global forcing for ocean and sea-ice models: the data sets and flux climatologies SeaSonde radial velocities: derivation and internal consistency, IEEE J Ocean Eng, vol.31, issue.4, pp.850-861, 2004.

M. Lopez-garcia, C. Millot, J. Font, and E. Garcia-ladona, Surface circulation variability in the Balearic Basin, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.46, issue.C2, pp.3285-3296, 1994.
DOI : 10.1357/002224088785113586

G. Madec, NEMO ocean engine Online access: http://www, nemo-ocean eu Medimap Group (2005) Morpho-bathymetry of the Mediterranean Sea. CIESM/Ifremer Edition, 2008.

C. Millot, Circulation in the Western Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.20, issue.1-4, pp.143-149, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-7963(98)00078-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00465628

C. Millot, The Gulf of Lions' hydrodynamics, Continental Shelf Research, vol.10, issue.9-11, pp.885-894, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0278-4343(90)90065-T

C. Millot, Circulation in the Western Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.20, issue.1-4, pp.423-442, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-7963(98)00078-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00465628

A. Molcard, P. Poulain, P. Forget, A. Griffa, Y. Barbin et al., Comparison between VHF radar observations and data from drifter clusters in the Gulf of La Spezia (Mediterranean Sea) Incremental analysis update implementation into a sequential ocean data assimilation system, J Marine Sys J Atmos Ocean Technol, vol.78, issue.2312, pp.579-5891729, 2006.

Y. Ourmì-eres, B. Zakardjian, K. Béranger, and C. Langlais, Assessment of a NEMO-based downscaling experiment for the North-Western Mediterranean region: Impacts on the Northern Current and comparison with ADCP data and altimetry products, Ocean Modelling, vol.39, issue.3-4, pp.386-404, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.06.002

I. Pairaud, J. Gatti, N. Bensoussan, R. Verney, and P. Garreau, Hydrology and circulation in a coastal area off Marseille: Validation of a nested 3D model with observations, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.88, issue.1, pp.20-23, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.02.010

A. Petrenko, Variability of circulation features in the Gulf of Lion NW Mediterranean Sea. Importance of inertial currents, Oceanologica Acta, vol.26, issue.4, pp.323-338, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(03)00038-0

G. Roullet and G. Madec, Salt conservation, free surface, and varying levels: A new formulation for ocean general circulation models, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.97, issue.C10, pp.23927-23942, 1978.
DOI : 10.1029/92JC00911

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00772157

A. Rubio, V. Taillandier, and P. Garreau, Reconstruction of the Mediterranean northern current variability and associated cross-shelf transport in the Gulf of Lions from satellite-tracked drifters and model outputs, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.78, pp.63-78, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.011

C. Sammari, C. Millot, and L. Prieur, Aspects of the seasonal and mesoscale variabilities of the Northern Current in the western Mediterranean Sea inferred from the PROLIG-2 and PROS-6 experiments, Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.42, issue.6, pp.893-917, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0967-0637(95)00031-Z

I. Taupier-letage and C. Millot, General hydrodynamic features in the Ligurian Sea inferred from the DYOME experiment, Oceanol Acta, vol.9, issue.2, pp.119-132, 1986.

A. Tréguier, B. Barnier, D. Miranda, A. Molines, J. Grima et al., An eddy-permitting model of the Atlantic circulation: Evaluating open boundary conditions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.48, issue.no. 32, pp.22115-22129, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0079-6611(01)00003-9

B. Chapitre, Assessment of the coastal dynamics in a nested zoom and feedback on the boundary current : the North-Western Mediterranean Sea case

S. La and . Est-récupérée-du-modèle-atmosphérique-dans-le-but-de-la-retirer-au-flux-thermique-total-qui-prend-en-compte-le-rayonnement-thermique-de-la-terre, Ce choix permet une homogénéité des structures, contrairement à une soustraction effectuée avec la SST issue du modèle océanique. Une variable flux thermique "entrant" est alors créée et prescrite en forçage dans NEMO. 2. Documentation du logiciel CDO disponible à https

D. Annexe and A. Couche-Éponge-pour-le-domaine, utilisation du schéma UBS, qui est hyper-diffusif (section 7.2), pour l'advection du moment et des traceurs dans la configuration optimum de NIDOR192 a entraîné la désactivation d'une diffusion horizontale supplémentaire. Dans la simulation de référence, comme pour la configuration GLAZUR64, l'utilisation des schémas TVD et EEN pour l'advection des traceurs et du moment respectivement (section 7.2), cette diffusion se faisait à l

D. Figure, 1 ? Haut : Courant moyenné sur une journée en surface dans NIDOR192 et dans GLAZUR64 (haut) Bas : Moyenne quotidienne à la même date de chaque composante horizontale du courant de surface zoomée sur la frontière Ouest de NIDOR192 (gauche : u ; droite : v)