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I. Chapter and .. Context, 1 I.1. Nonlinearities in optical fibers. 2 I.1.2

.. Generalized-nonlinear-schrödinger-equation, 9 I.2.1. Modeling the propagation of short pulses in optical fibers. 9 I.2.2. Pulse in the anomalous dispersion regime11 I.2.2.1. Soliton theory.12 I.2.3. Pulse in the normal dispersion regime, p.14

.. Chapter-fiber, 23 II.2. Design criteria, Impact of the trench, p.32

.. Chapter, 34 III.1. Long period gratings with controlled bandwidth34 III.2. Modeling and realization of a dedicated mode converter40 III.3. Passive few mode fiber excited by the LP 02 mode converter45 III.3.1. S² measurement on the passive few mode fiber excited by the mode converter: pulsed seed source for similariton amplifier, p.51

A. Chapter-parabolic, 54 IV.2. Numerical procedure56 IV.2.1. Multimode amplification in continuous wave regime1. Dependence of the gain on the pump wavelength, 58 IV.2.1.2. Spatial evolution of the LP 02 weight along amplification, p.62

.. Nonlinear-modeling, 64 IV.2.2.1. Constant effective modal area and gain, ., p.68

E. Area and G. , 75 IV.3. Fabricated active few-mode fiber, p.77