C. P. Bergmann and S. Aisha, Dental Ceramics, Rio Grande so Sul, 2013. doi:10, pp.978-981, 1007.

H. Hermawan and D. Mantovani, Degradable metallic biomaterials: the concept, current developments and future directions, MINERVA BIOTEC, vol.21, pp.207-223, 2009.

R. Mittal, J. Morley, H. Dinopoulos, E. G. Drakoulakis, E. Vernani et al., Use of bio-resorbable implants for stabilisation of distal radius fractures: the United Kingdom patients??? perspective, Injury, vol.36, issue.2, pp.333-371, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.injury.2004.09.015

D. Carolyn, The miracle of Magnesium The Random House Publishing Group, 2003.

E. Zhang, H. Chen, and F. Shen, Biocorrosion properties and blood and cell compatibility of pure iron as a biodegradable biomaterial, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, vol.76, issue.3, pp.2151-2163, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s10856-010-4070-0

Q. Chen and G. A. Thouas, Metallic implant biomaterials, Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, vol.87, pp.1-57, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mser.2014.10.001

R. Zeng, W. Dietzel, F. Witte, N. Hort, and C. Blawert, Progress and Challenge for Magnesium Alloys as Biomaterials, Advanced Engineering Materials, vol.419, issue.422, pp.3-14, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008./02.117

Z. Zhen, T. F. Xi, and Y. F. Zheng, A review on in vitro corrosion performance test of biodegradable metallic materials, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol.23, issue.8, pp.2283-2293, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/S1003-6326(13)62730-2

F. Witte, J. Fischer, J. Nellesen, H. Crostack, V. Kaese et al., In vitro and in vivo corrosion measurements of magnesium alloys, Biomaterials, vol.27, issue.7, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.037

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00141078

J. Hofstetter, E. Martinelli, A. M. Weinberg, M. Becker, B. Mingler et al., Assessing the degradation performance of ultrahigh-purity magnesium in vitro and in vivo, Corrosion Science, vol.91, pp.29-36, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.09.008

J. Hofstetter, E. Martinelli, S. Pogatscher, P. Schmutz, E. Povoden-karadeniz et al., Influence of trace impurities on the in vitro and in vivo degradation of biodegradable Mg???5Zn???0.3Ca alloys, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.23, pp.0-6, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.05.004

F. Witte, V. Kaese, H. Haferkamp, E. Switzer, C. J. Meyer-lindenberg et al., In vivo corrosion of four magnesium alloys and the associated bone response, Biomaterials, vol.26, issue.17, pp.3557-3563, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.09.049

N. T. Kirkland, J. Lespagnol, N. Birbilis, and M. P. Staiger, A survey of bio-corrosion rates of magnesium alloys, Corrosion Science, vol.52, issue.2, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2009.09.033

F. Zomorodian, . Brusciotti, M. J. Fernandes, T. Carmezim, J. C. Moura-e-silva et al., Anti-corrosion performance of a new silane coating for corrosion protection of AZ31 magnesium alloy in Hank's solution, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.206, issue.21, pp.4368-4375, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.04.061

A. Zomorodian, M. P. Garcia, T. Moura-e-silva, J. C. Fernandes, M. H. Fernandes et al., Biofunctional composite coating architectures based on polycaprolactone and nanohydroxyapatite for controlled corrosion activity and enhanced biocompatibility of magnesium AZ31 alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol.48, pp.434-443, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.027

B. R. Sunil, T. S. Kumar, U. Chakkingal, V. Nandakumar, M. Doble et al., In vitro and in vivo studies of biodegradable fine grained AZ31 magnesium alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing, Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol.59, pp.356-367, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.028

R. Waksman, R. Pakala, P. K. Kuchulakanti, R. Baffour, D. Hellinga et al., Safety and efficacy of bioabsorbable magnesium alloy stents in porcine coronary arteries, Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, vol.31, issue.4, pp.607-624, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/ccd.20727

N. Angrisani, J. Reifenrath, J. Seitz, and A. , Meyer-lindenberg, Rare Earth Metals as Alloying Components in Magnesium Implants for Orthopaedic Applications, InTech, pp.1-22, 2012.

W. Jin, G. Wu, H. Feng, W. Wang, X. Zhang et al., Improvement of corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of rare-earth WE43 magnesium alloy by neodymium self-ion implantation, Corrosion Science, vol.94, pp.142-155, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.01.049

M. Salahshoor and Y. Guo, Biodegradable Orthopedic Magnesium-Calcium (MgCa) Alloys, Processing, and Corrosion Performance, Materials, vol.5, issue.12, pp.135-155, 2012.
DOI : 10.3390/ma5010135

URL : http://doi.org/10.3390/ma5010135

A. V. Koltygin, V. E. Bazhenov, E. A. Belova, and A. A. Nikitina, Development of a magnesium alloy with good casting characteristics on the basis of Mg???Al???Ca???Mn system, having Mg???Al2Ca structure, Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, vol.1, issue.3, pp.224-229, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jma.2013.10.002

L. C. Trinc?, M. Fântânariu, C. Solcan, A. E. Trofin, L. Burtan et al., In vivo degradation behavior and biological activity of some new Mg???Ca alloys with concentration's gradient of Si for bone grafts, Applied Surface Science, vol.352, pp.140-150, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.136

J. Walker, S. Shadanbaz, T. B. Woodfield, M. P. Staiger, and G. J. Dias, Magnesium biomaterials for orthopedic application: A review from a biological perspective, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, vol.81, issue.343, pp.1316-1331, 2014.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.b.33113

J. Wang, J. Tang, P. Zhang, Y. Li, J. Wang et al., Surface modification of magnesium alloys developed for bioabsorbable orthopedic implants: A general review, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, vol.7, issue.6, pp.1691-1701, 2012.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.b.32707

C. Y. Wu and J. Zhang, State-of-art on corrosion and protection of magnesium alloys based on patent literatures, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol.21, issue.4, pp.892-902, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)60799-1

W. L. Stoppel, C. E. Ghezzi, S. L. Mcnamara, L. D. Iii, and D. L. Kaplan, Clinical Applications of Naturally Derived Biopolymer-Based Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol.7, issue.Suppl 2, pp.657-680, 2015.
DOI : 10.1007/s10439-014-1206-2

F. Witte, The history of biodegradable magnesium implants: A review???, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.6, issue.5, pp.1680-1692, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.028

A. Lambotte, Technique et indications d elea prothèse perdue dans la traitement des fractures, Press. Med Belge, vol.17, pp.321-323, 1909.

A. Lambotte and L. , utilisation du magnésium comme matériel perdu dans l'ostéosynthèse, Bull Mém Soc Nat Cir, pp.1325-1334, 1932.

J. Verbrugge, Le matériel métallique résorbable en chirurgie osseuse, pp.460-465, 1934.

E. D. Mcbride, ABSORBABLE METAL IN BONE SURGERY, Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.111, issue.27, pp.2464-2467, 1938.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1938.02790530018007

S. Housh, B. Mikucki, and A. Stevenson, Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handb, pp.1424-1432, 1992.

L. Xu, E. Zhang, D. Yin, S. Zeng, and K. Yang, In vitro corrosion behavior of Mg alloys in a phosphate buffered solution for bone implant application, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med, vol.19, 2008.

L. Xu, F. Pan, G. Yu, L. Yang, E. Zhang et al., In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the surface bioactivity of a calcium phosphate coated magnesium alloy, Biomaterials, vol.30, issue.8, pp.1512-1523, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.001

M. P. Staiger, A. M. Pietak, J. Huadmai, and G. Dias, Magnesium and its alloys as orthopedic biomaterials: A review, Biomaterials, vol.27, issue.9, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.10.003

J. Vormann, Magnesium: nutrition and metabolism, Molecular Aspects of Medicine, vol.24, issue.1-3, pp.27-37, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0098-2997(02)00089-4

Y. Yamasaki, Y. Yoshida, M. Okazaki, T. Shimazu, T. Uchida et al., Synthesis of functionally graded MgCO3 apatite accelerating osteoblast adhesion, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, vol.156, issue.1, pp.99-105, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.10220

H. Zreiqat, C. R. Howlett, P. Zannettino, G. Evans, C. Schulze-tanzil et al., Mechanisms of magnesium-stimulated adhesion of osteoblastic cells to commonly used orthopaedic implants, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, vol.175, issue.2, pp.175-184, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.10270

Y. Chen, Z. Xu, C. Smith, and . Sankar, Recent advances on the development of magnesium alloys for biodegradable implants, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.10, issue.11, pp.4561-4573, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.07.005

E. D. Mcbride, Absorbable metal in bone surgery a further report on the use of Mg alloys, J. Am. Med. Assoc, vol.111, 1938.

P. K. Bowen, J. Drelich, and J. Goldman, Zinc Exhibits Ideal Physiological Corrosion Behavior for Bioabsorbable Stents, Advanced Materials, vol.176, issue.18, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/adma.201300226

M. Moravej and D. Mantovani, Biodegradable Metals for Cardiovascular Stent Application: Interests and New Opportunities, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol.12, issue.12, pp.4250-4270, 2011.
DOI : 10.3390/ijms12074250

URL : http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12074250

Y. Onuma, J. Ormiston, and P. W. Serruys, Bioresorbable Scaffold Technologies, Circulation Journal, vol.75, issue.3, pp.509-520, 2011.
DOI : 10.1253/circj.CJ-10-1135

G. Song, Control of biodegradation of biocompatable magnesium alloys, Corrosion Science, vol.49, issue.4, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2007.01.001

X. Gu, Y. Zheng, Y. Cheng, S. Zhong, and T. Xi, In vitro corrosion and biocompatibility of binary magnesium alloys, Biomaterials, vol.30, issue.4, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.021

V. I. Sikavitsas, J. S. Temenoff, and A. G. Mikos, Biomaterials and bone mechanotransduction, Biomaterials, vol.22, issue.19, pp.2581-259310, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00002-3

R. Hambli, E. Lespessailles, and C. Benhamou, Integrated remodeling-to-fracture finite element model of human proximal femur behavior, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, vol.17, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.08.011

R. Martin, Toward a unifying theory of bone remodeling, Bone, vol.26, issue.1, pp.1-6, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S8756-3282(99)00241-0

H. B. Surin, Stress shielding effect of the shaft component, 2005.

J. Boutrand, Methods and interpretation of performance studies for bone implants, Biocompat. Perform. Med. Devices
DOI : 10.1533/9780857096456.3.269

E. Zhang, L. Xu, G. Yu, F. Pan, and K. Yang, In vivo evaluation of biodegradable magnesium alloy bone implant in the first 6 months implantation, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, vol.90, pp.882-893, 2009.

R. Erbel, C. Di-mario, J. Bartunek, J. Bonnier, B. De-bruyne et al., Temporary scaffolding of coronary arteries with bioabsorbable magnesium stents: a prospective, non-randomised multicentre trial, The Lancet, vol.369, issue.9576, pp.1869-1875, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60853-8

M. Bosiers, AMS INSIGHT???Absorbable Metal Stent Implantation for Treatment of Below-the-Knee Critical Limb Ischemia: 6-Month Analysis, CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology, vol.8, issue.5, pp.424-435, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s00270-008-9472-8

B. L. Mordike and T. Ebert, Magnesium, Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol.302, issue.1, pp.37-4510, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01351-4

Y. Xin, T. Hu, and P. K. Chu, In vitro studies of biomedical magnesium alloys in a simulated physiological environment: A review, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.7, issue.4, pp.1452-1459, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.12.004

M. C. Pardo, .. E. Merino, R. Coy, F. Arrabal, E. Viejo et al., Corrosion behaviour of magnesium/aluminium alloys in 3.5wt.% NaCl, Corrosion Science, vol.50, issue.3, pp.823-834, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2007.11.005

R. Pinto, M. G. Ferreira, M. J. Carmezim, and M. F. Montemor, The corrosion behaviour of rare-earth containing magnesium alloys in borate buffer solution, Electrochimica Acta, vol.56, issue.3, pp.1535-1545, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.09.081

T. J. Haley, Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Rare Earth Elements, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.54, issue.5, pp.663-670, 1965.
DOI : 10.1002/jps.2600540502

F. Feyerabend, J. Fischer, J. Holtz, F. Witte, R. Willumeit et al., Evaluation of short-term effects of rare earth and other elements used in magnesium alloys on primary cells and cell lines???, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.6, issue.5, pp.1834-1842, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.09.024

G. Pagano, M. Guida, F. Tommasi, and R. , Oral, Health effects and toxicity mechanisms of rare earth elements?Knowledge gaps and research prospects, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, vol.115, 2015.

X. N. Gu and Y. F. Zheng, A review on magnesium alloys as biodegradable materials, Frontiers of Materials Science in China, vol.8, issue.11, pp.111-115, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s11706-010-0024-1

Y. Zhu, G. Wu, Y. H. Zhang, and Q. Zhao, Growth and characterization of Mg(OH)2 film on magnesium alloy AZ31, Applied Surface Science, vol.257, issue.14, pp.6129-6137, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.02.017

K. Braszczynska, Precipitates of ? ?Mg17Al12 Phase in AZ91 Alloy, Magnes. Alloy. - Des. Process. Prop, pp.95-112, 2011.

H. Zhang, S. Hu, Z. Wang, and Y. Liang, The effect of welding speed on microstructures of cold metal transfer deposited AZ31 magnesium alloy clad, Materials & Design, vol.86, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.143

A. E. Coy, F. Viejo, P. Skeldon, and G. E. Thompson, Susceptibility of rare-earthmagnesium alloys to micro-galvanic corrosion, Corros. Sci, vol.52, 2010.

H. Sun, C. Li, Y. Xie, and W. Fang, Microstructures and mechanical properties of pure magnesium bars by high ratio extrusion and its subsequent annealing treatment, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol.22, issue.12, pp.445-449, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/S1003-6326(12)61744-0

T. V. Padfield, Metallography and Microstructures of Magnesium and Its Alloys, ASM Handb, vol.9, pp.801-815, 2004.

M. Alvarez-lopez, M. D. Pereda, J. Del-valle, M. Fernandez-lorenzo, M. C. Garcia-alonso et al., Corrosion behaviour of AZ31 magnesium alloy with different grain sizes in simulated biological fluids???, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.6, issue.5, pp.1763-71, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.04.041

W. C. Neil, M. Forsyth, P. C. Howlett, C. R. Hutchinson, and B. R. Hinton, Corrosion of magnesium alloy ZE41 ??? The role of microstructural features, Corrosion Science, vol.51, issue.2, pp.387-394, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2008.11.005

S. Thomas, N. V. Medhekar, G. S. Frankel, and N. Birbilis, Corrosion mechanism and hydrogen evolution on Mg, Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, vol.19, issue.2, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cossms.2014.09.005

M. Taheri, J. R. Kish, N. Birbilis, M. Danaie, E. A. Mcnally et al., Towards a Physical Description for the Origin of Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Corroding Magnesium Surfaces, Electrochimica Acta, vol.116, pp.396-403, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.11.086

J. L. Robinson and P. F. King, Electrochemical Behavior of the Magnesium Anode, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol.108, issue.1, pp.36-41, 1961.
DOI : 10.1149/1.2428007

P. F. King, Magnesium as a Passive Metal, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol.110, issue.11, 1963.
DOI : 10.1149/1.2425600

G. Williams, N. Birbilis, and H. N. Mcmurray, The source of hydrogen evolved from a magnesium anode, Electrochemistry Communications, vol.36, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.elecom.2013.08.023

M. P. Brady, M. Fayek, H. H. Elsentriecy, K. Unocic, L. M. Anovitz et al., Tracer Film Growth Study of Hydrogen and Oxygen from the Corrosion of Magnesium in Water, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol.161, issue.9, pp.395-404, 2014.
DOI : 10.1149/2.0821409jes

M. Danaie, R. M. Asmussen, P. Jakupi, D. W. Shoesmith, and G. Botton, The role of aluminum distribution on the local corrosion resistance of the microstructure in a sand-cast AM50 alloy, Corrosion Science, vol.77, pp.151-163, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2013.07.038

N. T. Kirkland, N. Birbilis, and M. P. Staiger, Assessing the corrosion of biodegradable magnesium implants: A critical review of current methodologies and their limitations, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.8, issue.3, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.11.014

J. Zhang, N. Kong, Y. Shi, J. Niu, L. Mao et al., Influence of proteins and cells on in vitro corrosion of Mg???Nd???Zn???Zr alloy, Corrosion Science, vol.85, pp.477-481, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.04.020

A. H. Martinez-sanchez, B. J. Luthringer, F. Feyerabend, and R. Willumeit, Mg and Mg alloys: How comparable are in vitro and in vivo corrosion rates? A review, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.13, pp.16-31, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.11.048

R. Zeng, X. Li, S. Li, F. Zhang, and E. Han, In vitro degradation of pure Mg in response to glucose, Scientific Reports, vol.177, issue.1
DOI : 10.1016/j.mseb.2011.09.042

C. Liu, Y. Xin, X. Tian, and P. K. Chu, Degradation susceptibility of surgical magnesium alloy in artificial biological fluid containing albumin, Journal of Materials Research, vol.35, issue.3, pp.1806-1814, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(98)00217-8

S. A. Salman, Anodization of magnesium (Mg) alloys to improve corrosion resistance, Corros. Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.197-231, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098962.2.197

X. Chen, M. A. Easton, and N. Birbilis, Corrosion-resistance electrochemical plating of magnesium (Mg) alloys, Corros. Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.315-346, 2013.

B. L. Jiang and Y. F. Ge, Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys, Corros. Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.163-196, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098962.2.163

Y. Li, F. Lu, H. Li, W. Zhu, H. Pan et al., Corrosion mechanism of micro-arc oxidation treated biocompatible AZ31 magnesium alloy in simulated body fluid, Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, vol.24, issue.5, pp.516-522, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pnsc.2014.08.007

V. K. Champagne, B. Gabriel, and J. Villafuerte, Cold spray coatings to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys, Corros. Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.414-445, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098962.3.414

S. M. Hassani-gangaraj, A. Moridi, and M. Guagliano, Critical review of corrosion protection by cold spray coatings, Surface Engineering, vol.45, issue.11, pp.803-815, 2015.
DOI : 10.1007/s11666-013-9994-8

A. C. Noorakma, H. Zuhailawati, V. Aishvarya, and B. K. Dhindaw, Hydroxyapatite-Coated Magnesium-Based Biodegradable Alloy: Cold Spray Deposition and Simulated Body Fluid Studies, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, vol.4, issue.256, pp.2997-3004, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s11665-013-0589-9

Q. Li, Sol-gel coatings to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys, Corros. Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.469-485, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098962.3.469

M. Zheludkevich, I. Salvado, and M. Ferreira, Sol???gel coatings for corrosion protection of metals, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol.483, issue.189, pp.5099-5111, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.04.021

T. Chou, Organic???inorganic hybrid coatings for corrosion protection, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, vol.290, issue.2-3, pp.153-162, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3093(01)00818-3

J. Ma, M. Thompson, N. Zhao, and D. Zhu, Similarities and differences in coatings for magnesium-based stents and orthopaedic implants, Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, vol.2, issue.3, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jot.2014.03.004

G. X. Shen, Y. C. Chen, and C. J. Lin, Corrosion protection of 316 L stainless steel by a TiO2 nanoparticle coating prepared by sol-gel method, Thin Solid Films, 2005.

J. Harle, H. W. Kim, N. Mordan, J. C. Knowles, and V. Salih, Initial responses of human osteoblasts to sol???gel modified titanium with hydroxyapatite and titania composition, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.2, issue.5, pp.547-556, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2006.05.005

H. Tang, T. Z. Xin, Y. Luo, and F. P. Wang, degradation of AZ31 magnesium alloy coated with hydroxyapatite by sol???gel method, Materials Science and Technology, vol.29, issue.5, pp.547-552, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.068

E. D. Mekeridis, I. A. Kartsonakis, and G. C. Kordas, Multilayer organic???inorganic coating incorporating TiO2 nanocontainers loaded with inhibitors for corrosion protection of AA2024-T3, Progress in Organic Coatings, vol.73, issue.2-3, pp.142-148, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2011.10.005

L. M. Rueda, C. Nieves, C. A. Barrios, A. E. Coy, and F. Viejo, Design of TEOS-GPTMS sol-gel coatings on rare-earth magnesium alloys employed in the manufacture of orthopaedic implants, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol.687, issue.1, pp.12013-12023, 2016.
DOI : 10.1088/1742-6596/687/1/012013

C. A. Hernández-barrios, N. Z. Duarte, L. M. Hernández, D. Y. Peña, A. E. Coy et al., Synthesis of hybrid sol-gel coatings for corrosion protection of we54-ae magnesium alloy, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol.466, issue.1, pp.1742-6596, 12011.
DOI : 10.1088/1742-6596/466/1/012011

M. F. Montemor, Functional and smart coatings for corrosion protection: A review of recent advances, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.258, pp.17-37, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.06.031

C. Liu, Y. Xin, X. Tian, J. Zhao, and P. K. Chu, Corrosion resistance of titanium ion implanted AZ91 magnesium alloy, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, vol.25, issue.2, 2007.
DOI : 10.1116/1.2699371

Y. Xin, C. Liu, W. Zhang, K. Huo, G. Tang et al., Corrosion resistance of ZrO2???Zr-coated biodegradable surgical magnesium alloy, Journal of Materials Research, vol.111, issue.02, pp.312-319, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(98)00010-6

Z. Chun-yan, Z. Rong-chang, L. Cheng-long, and G. Jia-cheng, Comparison of calcium phosphate coatings on Mg???Al and Mg???Ca alloys and their corrosion behavior in Hank's solution, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.204, issue.21-22, pp.3636-3640, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.04.038

J. M. Seitz, K. Collier, E. Wulf, D. Bormann, and F. W. Bach, Comparison of the Corrosion Behavior of Coated and Uncoated Magnesium Alloys in an In Vitro Corrosion Environment, Advanced Engineering Materials, vol.5, issue.17, pp.313-336, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/adem.201080144

H. M. Wong, K. W. Yeung, K. O. Lam, V. Tam, P. K. Chu et al., A biodegradable polymer-based coating to control the performance of magnesium alloy 142

S. V. Dorozhkin, Calcium orthophosphate coatings on magnesium and its biodegradable alloys, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.10, issue.7, pp.2919-2934, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.026

H. Hornberger, S. Virtanen, and A. R. Boccaccini, Biomedical coatings on magnesium alloys ??? A review, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.8, issue.7, pp.2442-2455, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.04.012

J. X. Yang, F. Z. Cui, I. S. Lee, Y. Zhang, Q. S. Yin et al., biocompatibility and degradation behavior of Mg alloy coated by calcium phosphate in a rabbit model, Journal of Biomaterials Applications, vol.27, issue.2, pp.153-6410, 1177.
DOI : 10.1177/0885328211398161

A. Roy, S. S. Singh, M. K. Datta, B. Lee, J. Ohodnicki et al., Novel sol???gel derived calcium phosphate coatings on Mg4Y alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol.176, issue.20, pp.1679-1689, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mseb.2011.08.007

J. Jh, H. Jy, S. Ks, K. He, and K. Y. , Enhancing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of Mg implants via surface treatments, J. Biomater. Appl, vol.27, pp.469-76, 2012.

A. Abdal-hay, N. A. Barakat, and J. K. Lim, Hydroxyapatite-doped poly(lactic acid) porous film coating for enhanced bioactivity and corrosion behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy for orthopedic applications, Ceramics International, vol.39, issue.1, pp.183-195, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.06.008

H. R. Bakhsheshi-rad, M. H. Idris, and M. R. , Synthesis and in vitro degradation evaluation of the nano-HA/MgF2 and DCPD/MgF2 composite coating on biodegradable Mg???Ca???Zn alloy, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.222, pp.79-89, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.02.007

J. Niu, G. Yuan, Y. Liao, L. Mao, J. Zhang et al., Enhanced biocorrosion resistance and biocompatibility of degradable Mg???Nd???Zn???Zr alloy by brushite coating, Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol.33, issue.8, pp.4833-4841, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.msec.2013.08.008

C. F. Dunne, G. K. Levy, O. Hakimi, E. Aghion, B. Twomey et al., Corrosion behaviour of biodegradable magnesium alloys with hydroxyapatite coatings, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.289, pp.37-44, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.01.045

S. Singh, R. Manoj-kumar, K. K. Kuntal, P. Gupta, S. Das et al., Sol???Gel Derived Hydroxyapatite Coating on Mg-3Zn Alloy for Orthopedic Application, JOM, vol.29, issue.4, pp.10-1007, 2015.
DOI : 10.1007/s11837-015-1364-1

Z. Yao, Q. Xia, L. Chang, C. Li, and Z. Jiang, Structure and properties of compound coatings on Mg alloys by micro-arc oxidation/hydrothermal treatment, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol.633, pp.435-442, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.02.008

C. Santos, C. Piedade, P. J. Uggowitzer, M. F. Montemor, and M. J. Carmezim, Parallel nano-assembling of a multifunctional GO/HapNP coating on ultrahigh-purity magnesium for biodegradable implants, Applied Surface Science, vol.345, pp.387-393, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.182

R. Zeng, Y. Hu, F. Zhang, Y. Huang, Z. Wang et al., Corrosion resistance of cerium-doped zinc calcium phosphate chemical conversion coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloy, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol.26, issue.2, pp.472-483, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S1003-6326(16)64102-X

H. R. Bakhsheshi-rad, E. Hamzah, R. Ebrahimi-kahrizsangi, M. Daroonparvar, and M. Medraj, Fabrication and characterization of hydrophobic microarc oxidation/poly-lactic acid duplex coating on biodegradable Mg???Ca alloy for corrosion protection, Vacuum, vol.125, pp.185-188, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vacuum.2015.12.022

H. R. Bakhsheshi-rad, E. Hamzah, A. F. Ismail, M. Daroonparvar, M. A. Yajid et al., Preparation and characterization of NiCrAlY/nano-YSZ/PCL composite coatings obtained by combination of atmospheric plasma spraying and dip coating on Mg???Ca alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol.658, pp.440-452, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.10.196

A. Zomorodian, C. Santos, M. J. Carmezim, T. M. Silva, J. C. Fernandes et al., ???In-vitro??? corrosion behaviour of the magnesium alloy with Al and Zn (AZ31) protected with a biodegradable polycaprolactone coating loaded with hydroxyapatite and cephalexin, Electrochimica Acta, vol.179, pp.431-440, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.013

S. Shen, S. Cai, G. Xu, H. Zhao, S. Niu et al., Influence of heat treatment on bond strength and corrosion resistance of sol???gel derived bioglass???ceramic coatings on magnesium alloy, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, vol.45, pp.166-174, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.02.005

B. M. Wilke, L. Zhang, W. Li, C. Ning, C. Chen et al., Corrosion performance of MAO coatings on AZ31 Mg alloy in simulated body fluid vs. Earle's Balance Salt Solution, Applied Surface Science, vol.363, pp.328-337, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.026

P. Tian and X. Liu, Surface modification of biodegradable magnesium and its alloys for biomedical applications, Regenerative Biomaterials, vol.2, issue.2
DOI : 10.1093/rb/rbu013

F. Chen and X. Liu, Advancing biomaterials of human origin for tissue engineering, Progress in Polymer Science, vol.53, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.02.004

M. Dash, F. Chiellini, R. M. Ottenbrite, and E. Chiellini, Chitosan???A versatile semi-synthetic polymer in biomedical applications, Progress in Polymer Science, vol.36, issue.8, pp.981-1014, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.02.001

I. Kim, S. Seo, H. Moon, M. Yoo, I. Park et al., Chitosan and its derivatives for tissue engineering applications, Biotechnology Advances, vol.26, issue.1, pp.1-21, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.07.009

F. Gobeaux, G. Mosser, P. Anglo, P. Panine, M. Davidson et al., Fibrillogenesis in Dense Collagen Solutions: A Physicochemical Study, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.376, issue.5, pp.1509-1522, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.12.047

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00277303

J. K. Mouw, G. Ou, and V. M. Weaver, Extracellular matrix assembly: a multiscale deconstruction, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.3, issue.12, pp.771-785, 2014.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm3902

G. Matton, F. D. Anseeuw, and . Keyser, The history of injectable biomaterials and the biology of collagen, Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, vol.60, issue.2, pp.133-140, 1985.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01570345

R. L. Trelstad, K. Hayashi, and J. Gross, Collagen fibrillogenesis: intermediate aggregates and suprafibrillar order., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.73, issue.11, pp.4027-4058, 1976.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.73.11.4027

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC431312

D. E. Birk, J. M. Fitch, J. P. Babiarz, K. J. Doane, and T. F. Linsenmayer, Collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro: interaction of types I and V collagen regulates fibril diameter, J. Cell Sci, vol.95, pp.649-657, 1990.

K. E. Kadler, A. Hill, and E. G. Canty-laird, Collagen fibrillogenesis: fibronectin, integrins, and minor collagens as organizers and nucleators, Current Opinion in Cell Biology, vol.20, issue.5, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ceb.2008.06.008

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.06.008

F. M. Chen, H. H. Sun, H. Lu, and Q. Yu, Stem cell-delivery therapeutics for periodontal tissue regeneration, Biomaterials, vol.33, issue.27, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.048

M. M. Giraud-guille, C. Helary, S. Vigier, and N. Nassif, Dense fibrillar collagen matrices for tissue repair, Soft Matter, vol.16, issue.20, 2010.
DOI : 10.1039/c0sm00260g

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00525304

D. Mushahary, C. Wen, J. M. Kumar, J. Lin, N. Harishankar et al., Collagen type-I leads to in vivo matrix mineralization and secondary stabilization of Mg???Zr???Ca alloy implants, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, vol.122, pp.719-728, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.005

Z. L. Wang, Y. H. Yan, T. Wan, and H. Yang, Poly(L-lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite/collagen composite coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloy for biomedical application, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, vol.227, issue.10, pp.1094-103, 2013.
DOI : 10.1177/0954411913493845

H. C. Park, H. R. Pant, and C. S. Kim, Effect on Corrosion Behavior of Collagen Film/Fiber coated AZ31 Magnesium Alloy, Dig, J. Nanomater. Biostructures, vol.8, pp.1227-1234, 2013.

M. C. Gómez-guillén, B. Giménez, M. E. López-caballero, and M. P. Montero, Functional and bioactive properties of collagen and gelatin from alternative sources: A review, Food Hydrocoll, pp.1813-1827, 2011.

M. N. Kumar, A review of chitin and chitosan applications, Reactive and Functional Polymers, vol.46, issue.1, pp.1-27, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1381-5148(00)00038-9

T. Kawakami, M. Antoh, H. Hasegawa, T. Yamagishi, M. Ito et al., Experimental study on osteoconductive properties of a chitosan-bonded hydroxyapatite self-hardening paste, Biomaterials, vol.13, issue.11, pp.759-63, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0142-9612(92)90014-F

F. Zhao, Y. Yin, W. W. Lu, J. C. Leong, W. Zhang et al., Preparation and histological evaluation of biomimetic three-dimensional hydroxyapatite/chitosan-gelatin network composite scaffolds, Biomaterials, vol.23, issue.15, pp.3227-3261, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00077-7

Q. Hu, B. Li, M. Wang, and J. Shen, Preparation and characterization of biodegradable chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite rods via in situ hybridization: a potential material as internal fixation of bone fracture, Biomaterials, vol.25, issue.5, p.25, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00582-9

Y. Yin, F. Ye, J. Cui, F. Zhang, X. Li et al., Preparation and characterization of macroporous chitosan-gelatin/beta-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, vol.67, pp.844-855, 2003.

J. D. Bumgardner, R. Wiser, P. D. Gerard, B. Bergin, M. Chestnutt et al., Chitosan: potential use as a bioactive coating for orthopaedic and craniofacial/dental implants, Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, vol.74, issue.5, pp.423-461, 2003.
DOI : 10.1163/156856203766652048

J. Zhang, C. Dai, J. Wei, Z. Wen, S. Zhang et al., Degradable behavior and bioactivity of micro-arc oxidized AZ91D Mg alloy with calcium phosphate/chitosan composite coating in m-SBF, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, vol.111, pp.179-187, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.05.040

A. Hunter, C. W. Archer, P. S. Walker, and G. W. Blunn, Attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts on biomaterials for orthopaedic use, Biomaterials, vol.16, issue.4, pp.287-295, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0142-9612(95)93256-D

I. E. Wang, J. Shan, S. Oh, C. K. Kepler, F. H. Chen et al., Role of osteoblast???fibroblast interactions in the formation of the ligament-to-bone interface, Journal of Orthopaedic Research, vol.20, issue.12, pp.1609-1620, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/jor.20475

K. Anselme, Osteoblast adhesion on biomaterials, Biomaterials, vol.21, issue.7, pp.667-681, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(99)00242-2

S. Rhee and F. , Fibroblast mechanics in 3D collagen matrices???, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, vol.59, issue.13, pp.1299-1305, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.addr.2007.08.006

S. Porter, The role of the fibroblast in wound contraction and healing, pp.33-40, 2007.

A. K. Nair, A. Gautieri, S. Chang, and M. J. Buehler, Molecular mechanics of mineralized collagen fibrils in bone, Nature Communications, vol.40
DOI : 10.1038/ncomms2720

S. Viguet-carrin, P. Garnero, and P. D. Delmas, The role of collagen in bone strength, Osteoporosis International, vol.17, issue.3, pp.319-336, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s00198-005-2035-9

T. P. Kunzler, T. Drobek, M. Schuler, and N. D. Spencer, Systematic study of osteoblast and fibroblast response to roughness by means of surface-morphology gradients, Biomaterials, vol.28, issue.13, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.01.019

K. D. Chesmel, C. C. Clark, C. T. Brighton, and J. Black, Cellular responses to chemical and morphologic aspect of biomateria surfaces. II. The biosynthetic and migratory response of bone cell population, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, vol.29, 1995.

R. M. Shelton, A. C. Rasmussen, and J. E. Davies, Protein adsorption at the interface between charged polymer substrata and migrating osteoblasts, Biomaterials, vol.9, issue.1, pp.24-33, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0142-9612(88)90065-8

B. D. Boyan, T. W. Hummert, D. D. Dean, and Z. Schwartz, Role of material surfaces in regulating bone and cartilage cell response, Biomaterials, vol.17, issue.2, pp.137-146, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0142-9612(96)85758-9

H. R. Bakhsheshi-rad, M. H. Idris, M. R. Kadir, and M. Daroonparvar, Effect of fluoride treatment on corrosion behavior of Mg???Ca binary alloy for implant application, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol.23, issue.3, pp.699-710, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/S1003-6326(13)62519-4

S. Kunjukunju, A. Roy, M. Ramanathan, B. Lee, J. E. Candiello et al., A layer-by-layer approach to natural polymer-derived bioactive coatings on magnesium alloys, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.9, issue.10, pp.8690-8703, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.05.013

M. Carboneras, M. C. García-alonso, and M. L. Escudero, Biodegradation kinetics of modified magnesium-based materials in cell culture medium, Corrosion Science, vol.53, issue.4, pp.1433-1439, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2011.01.014

S. V. Lamaka, G. Knörnschild, D. V. Snihirova, M. G. Taryba, M. L. Zheludkevich et al., Complex anticorrosion coating for ZK30 magnesium alloy, Electrochimica Acta, vol.55, issue.1, pp.131-141, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.018

M. G. Taryba, S. V. Lamaka, D. V. Snihirova, M. G. Ferreira, M. F. Montemor et al., The combined use of scanning vibrating electrode technique and micro-potentiometry to assess the self-repair processes in defects on ???smart??? coatings applied to galvanized steel, Electrochimica Acta, vol.56, issue.12, pp.4475-4488, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.048

K. Aoki, Nernst equation complicated by electric random percolation at conducting polymer-coated electrodes, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, vol.310, issue.1-2, pp.1-1210, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0728(91)85247-M

S. V. Lamaka, G. Knornschild, D. V. Snihirova, M. G. Taryba, M. L. Zheludkevich et al., Complex anticorrosion coating for ZK30 magnesium alloy, Electrochimica Acta, vol.55, issue.1, pp.131-141, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.018

H. Ding, L. Liu, S. Kamado, W. Ding, and Y. Kojima, Study of the microstructure, texture and tensile properties of as-extruded AZ91 magnesium alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol.456, issue.1-2, pp.147-400, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.02.045

M. Jamesh, S. Kumar, and T. S. Narayanan, Corrosion behavior of commercially pure Mg and ZM21 Mg alloy in Ringer???s solution ??? Long term evaluation by EIS, Corrosion Science, vol.53, issue.2, pp.645-654, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2010.10.011

R. C. Zeng, Y. Hu, S. K. Guan, H. Z. Cui, and E. H. Han, Corrosion of magnesium alloy AZ31: The influence of bicarbonate, sulphate, hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate ions in saline solution, Corrosion Science, vol.86, pp.171-182, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.05.006

S. N. Lafuente, B. Downs, R. T. Yang, and H. , 1. The power of databases: The RRUFF project, 2015.
DOI : 10.1515/9783110417104-003

S. Koutsopoulos, Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite crystals: A review study on the analytical methods, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, vol.9, issue.12, pp.600-612, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.10280

X. Li, Z. Weng, W. Yuan, X. Luo, H. M. Wong et al., Corrosion resistance of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) hybrid coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy, Corrosion Science, vol.102, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.10.010

S. K. Poznyak, M. L. Zheludkevich, D. Raps, F. Gammel, K. A. Yasakau et al., Preparation and corrosion protective properties of nanostructured titania-containing hybrid sol???gel coatings on AA2024, Progress in Organic Coatings, vol.62, issue.2, pp.226-235, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2007.12.004

J. Meng, Z. T. Sun, X. Qiu, and D. , Zhang, 2 ? Corrosion performance of magnesium (Mg) alloys containing rare-earth (RE) elements, Corros, Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.38-60, 2013.

A. Ulrich, N. Ott, A. Tournier-fillon, N. Homazava, and P. Schmutz, Investigation of corrosion behavior of biodegradable magnesium alloys using an online-micro-flow capillary flow injection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry setup with electrochemical control, Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, vol.66, issue.7, pp.536-545, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sab.2011.04.009

M. Ascencio, M. Pekguleryuz, and S. Omanovic, An investigation of the corrosion mechanisms of WE43Mg alloy in a modified simulated body fluid solution: The effect of electrolyte renewal, Corrosion Science, vol.91, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.11.034

R. Yibin, H. Jingjing, Z. Bingchun, and Y. Ke, Preliminary study of biodegradation of AZ31B magnesium alloy, Front. Mater. Sci. China, vol.1, pp.401-404, 2007.

M. Ascencio, M. Pekguleryuz, and S. Omanovic, An investigation of the corrosion mechanisms of WE43 Mg alloy in a modified simulated body fluid solution: The influence of immersion time, Corrosion Science, vol.87, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.07.015

G. Baril and N. Pébère, The corrosion of pure magnesium in aerated and deaerated sodium sulphate solutions, Corrosion Science, vol.43, issue.3, pp.471-484, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-938X(00)00095-0

Z. Li, X. Gu, S. Lou, and Y. Zheng, The development of binary Mg???Ca alloys for use as biodegradable materials within bone, Biomaterials, vol.29, issue.10, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.021

T. Kokubo, Formation of biologically active bone-like apatite on metals and polymers by a biomimetic process, Thermochimica Acta, vol.280, issue.281, pp.280-281, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-6031(95)02784-X

P. Zhu, Y. Masuda, and K. Koumoto, The effect of surface charge on hydroxyapatite nucleation, Biomaterials, vol.25, issue.17, pp.3915-3921, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.022

A. S. Gnedenkov, S. L. Sinebryukhov, D. V. Mashtalyar, and S. V. Gnedenkov, Localized corrosion of the Mg alloys with inhibitor-containing coatings: SVET and SIET studies, Corrosion Science, vol.102, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.10.015

Y. Xin, K. Huo, T. Hu, G. Tang, and P. K. Chu, Corrosion products on biomedical magnesium alloy soaked in simulated body fluids, Journal of Materials Research, vol.111, issue.08, pp.2711-2719, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s10853-007-1866-5

Y. Xin, K. Huo, H. Tao, G. Tang, and P. K. Chu, Influence of aggressive ions on the degradation behavior of biomedical magnesium alloy in physiological environment, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.4, issue.6, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.05.014

R. Rettig and S. Virtanen, Composition of corrosion layers on a magnesium rare-earth alloy in simulated body fluids, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, vol.5, issue.2, pp.359-369, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.a.31887

F. C. Tai and C. Y. , Polymorphism of CaCO3, precipitated in a constant-composition environment, AIChE Journal, vol.23, issue.8, pp.1790-1798, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/aic.690440810

X. P. Jun-yen-uan and B. Yu, Morphological and Microstructural Characterization of the Aragonitic CaCO3/Mg,Al-Hydrotalcite Coating on Mg-9 Wt Pct Al-1 Wt Pct Zn Alloy to Protect against Corrosion, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol.39, pp.3233-3245, 2008.

D. Thirumalaikumarasamy, K. Shanmugam, and V. Balasubramanian, Comparison of the corrosion behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy under immersion test and potentiodynamic polarization test in NaCl solution, J. Magnes. Alloy, vol.2, 2014.

B. Zberg, P. J. Uggowitzer, and J. F. Löffler, MgZnCa glasses without clinically observable hydrogen evolution for biodegradable implants, Nature Materials, vol.100, issue.11, pp.887-91, 2009.
DOI : 10.1038/nmat2542

A. H. Heublein, R. Rohde, V. Kaese, M. Niemeyer, and W. Hartung, Biocorrosion of magnesium alloys: a new principle in cardiovascular implant technology?, Heart, vol.89, issue.6, pp.651-656, 2003.
DOI : 10.1136/heart.89.6.651

Y. F. Zheng, X. N. Gu, Y. L. Xi, and D. L. Chai, In vitro degradation and cytotoxicity of Mg/Ca composites produced by powder metallurgy???, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.6, issue.5, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.10.009

X. N. Gu, Y. F. Zheng, and L. J. Chen, Influence of artificial biological fluid composition on the biocorrosion of potential orthopedic Mg???Ca, AZ31, AZ91 alloys, Biomedical Materials, vol.4, issue.6, 2009.
DOI : 10.1088/1748-6041/4/6/065011

J. Tang, J. Wang, X. Xie, P. Zhang, Y. Lai et al., Surface coating reduces degradation rate of magnesium alloy developed for orthopaedic applications, Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, vol.1, issue.1, pp.41-48, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jot.2013.06.003

J. Degner, F. Singer, L. Cordero, A. R. Boccaccini, and S. Virtanen, Electrochemical investigations of magnesium in DMEM with biodegradable polycaprolactone coating as corrosion barrier, Applied Surface Science, vol.282, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.115

M. Iñigo, F. Feyerabend, R. Willumeit-römer, and O. Van-der-biest, Influence on testing environment in the degradation of behavior of magnesium alloys for bioabsorbable implants, TMS2015 Annu. Meet. Suppl. Proc, pp.499-506

X. Wang, S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, and O. A. , Bioactive titania gel layers formed by chemical treatment of Ti substrate with a H2O2/HCl solution, Biomaterials, vol.23, issue.5, pp.1353-1360, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00254-X

C. Gobel, P. Simon, J. Buder, H. Tlatlik, and R. Kniep, Phase formation and morphology of calcium phosphate???gelatine-composites grown by double diffusion technique: the influence of fluoride, J. Mater. Chem., vol.7, issue.136, 2004.
DOI : 10.1039/b402627f

C. Combes and C. Rey, Amorphous calcium phosphates: Synthesis, properties and uses in biomaterials, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.6, issue.9, pp.3362-3378, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.017

M. Manoj, R. Subbiah, D. Mangalaraj, N. Ponpandian, C. Viswanathan et al., Influence of Growth Parameters on the Formation of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) Nanostructures and Their Cell Viability Studies, Nanobiomedicine, vol.17, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.10044

J. X. Yang, Y. P. Jiao, Q. S. Yin, Y. Zhang, and T. Zhang, Calcium phosphate coating on magnesium alloy by biomimetic method: Investigation of morphology, composition and formation process, Frontiers of Materials Science in China, vol.35, issue.1, pp.149-155, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s11706-008-0025-5

P. Cordoba-torres, M. Keddam, and R. P. Nogueira, On the intrinsic electrochemical nature of the inductance in EIS, Electrochimica Acta, vol.54, issue.2, pp.518-523, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.023

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00417383

D. Puleo and N. , Understanding and controlling the bone???implant interface, Biomaterials, vol.20, issue.23-24, pp.2311-2332, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(99)00160-X

H. W. Kim, L. H. Li, E. J. Lee, S. H. Lee, and H. E. Kim, Fibrillar assembly and stability of collagen coating on titanium for improved osteoblast responses, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, vol.98, issue.3, pp.629-638, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/jbm.a.30463

N. Zhao, B. Workman, and D. Zhu, Endothelialization of Novel Magnesium-Rare Earth Alloys with Fluoride and Collagen Coating, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol.15, issue.4, pp.5263-5276, 2014.
DOI : 10.3390/ijms15045263

F. Jiang, H. H. Rber, J. Howard, and D. J. , M??ller, Assembly of collagen into microribbons: Effects of pH and electrolytes, J. Struct. Biol, vol.148, 2004.

S. Tang, B. Tian, Y. Guo, Z. Zhu, and Y. Guo, Chitosan/carbonated hydroxyapatite composite coatings: Fabrication, structure and biocompatibility, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.251, pp.210-216, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.04.028

S. V. Dorozhkin, Calcium orthophosphate coatings on magnesium and its biodegradable alloys, Acta Biomaterialia, vol.10, issue.7, pp.2919-2934, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.026

G. Song, Corrosion prevention of magnesium alloys, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098962

K. Yang and L. Tan, Control of biodegradation of magnesium (Mg) alloys for medical applications, Corros. Prev. Magnes. Alloy, pp.509-538, 2013.
DOI : 10.1533/9780857098962.4.509

W. Baldwin, Metallography and Microstructures Handbook, 2004.

B. Craig and S. L. Pohlman, Forms of Corrosion, in: ASM Met, Handb, vol.13, p.183, 1992.

F. Dict, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/osteoconduction, 2008.