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Conclusions et Perspectives Cette thèse traite de la dynamique du DWBC dans l'Atlantique nord et de son influence sur la MOC. Le DWBC transporte la North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) de la gyre subpolaire, son lieu de formation, vers l'équateur. Il constitue une des composantes majeures de la MOC et à notre connaissance, peu d'études ont évalué la dynamique du DWBC dans son ensemble dans les modèles d'océan de basse résolution bien que l'indice de la MOC montre une grande diversité spatiale et temporelle dans ces mêmes modèles, 2013. ,
, Outre les différents schémas numériques et paramétrisations employées, certains processus physiques sont absents ou mal pris en compte
, comme la dynamique des courants de bords ouest en surface et en profondeur (décollement du Gulf Stream, position de la dérive Nord Atlantique), la dérive des propriétés thermohalines ou les profondeurs de couche mélangée excessives aux hautes latitudes
, Ces biais doivent être réduits afin d'améliorer la fiabilité de ces modèles en particulier en augmentant la résolution afin d'identifier les processus clefs pour l'AMOC comme le suggèrent par exemple Hodson, 2012.
Ces configurations reposent sur le modèle de circulation générale de l'océan NEMO-OPA et de la glace de mer NEMO-LIM combinés à la capacité de raffinement de grille horizontal AGRIF. Ainsi la configuration ORCA utilise une grille globale de référence à 1/2?de résolution à laquelle a été ajouté une première grille raffinée à 1, C'est dans cette perspective que nous avons développé trois configurations numériques de résolution croissante ,
,
, elle même une seconde grille à 1/32?centrée sur la gyre subpolaire (configuration FER). L'originalité des configurations ERNA et FER réside dans l'intégration du modèle de glace de mer sur les grilles raffinées, l'échange d'information entre chacune des grilles et la résolution horizontale atteinte dans la gyre subpolaire dans FER
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