The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly Precipitation Analysis (1979-Present), J. Hydrometeor, vol.4, issue.6, pp.1147-1167, 2003. ,
Description et analyse des conditions de surface océanique dans le, Thèse de doctorat de l'Université de Cocody, 2008. ,
fluxes in the tropical Atlantic during FOCAL cruises, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.89, issue.C10, pp.11741-11755, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JC091iC10p11741
World Ocean Atlas, 2005. ,
Evolution spatio-temporelle d'un indice caractérisant l'intensité de la résurgence ivoiro-ghanéenne. ORSTOM Editions, Environnement et ressources aquatiques en Côte d'Ivoire, pp.111-122, 1993. ,
The dependence on temperature and salinity of dissolved inorganic carbon in East Atlantic surface waters, Marine Chemistry, vol.65, issue.3-4, pp.263-280, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00017-1
Guinea Current upwelling, Nature, vol.1, issue.1927, pp.147-150, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1975)005<0300:CTWIAS>2.0.CO;2
Determination of pH, Theory and practice, 1973. ,
Contribution à la connaissance des variations saisonnières dans le golfe de Guinée, 1961. ,
Contribution à la connaissance des variations saisonnières dans le golfe de Guinée. Observations de surface le long des lignes de navigation. 2 ème partie: Etude régionale, Cah. Océanogr. C.CO.E.C, vol.14, pp.633-643 ,
Climatological atlas of the world ocean, NOAA Professional Paper 13, 1982. ,
A new formula for the effect of temperature on the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater, Marine Chemistry, vol.25, issue.1, pp.29-37, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4203(88)90012-6
A new formula for the effect temperature on the partial pressure of CO 2 in the seawater, Corrigendum, Mar. Chem, vol.27, pp.143-147, 1989. ,
The Peruvian upwelling near 15°S in, 1986. ,
Upwelling et pêche des espèces pélagiques côtières de Côte-d'Ivoire: une approche globale, Oceanol. Acta, vol.101, issue.3, pp.347-357, 1987. ,
Couplings between changes in the climate system and biogeochemistry Climate Change 2007: The Physical Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007. ,
A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media. Deep-Sea Res, pp.1733-1743, 1987. ,
Surface-ocean CO 2 variability and vulnerability. Deep-Sea Research II, pp.504-511, 2009. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00760030
Meanders and long waves in the equatorial Atlantic, Nature, vol.257, pp.280-284, 1975. ,
On the calculation of the degree of saturation of sea water with respect to calcium carbonate under in situ conditions, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.34, issue.12, pp.1261-1291, 1970. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(70)90041-4
Uptake and storage of Carbone Dioxide in the Ocean: the Global CO 2 survey, Oceanography, vol.14, issue.4, 2001. ,
Hydrological structure analysis for estimating the primary production in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, J. Mar. Res, vol.37, pp.87-101, 1979. ,
Le courant de Lomonosov et la formation de la zone frontale du Cap Lopez (baie du Biafra, Golfe de Guinée), Cath. Orstom, vol.13, issue.2, pp.107-116, 1975. ,
La terminaison du contre-courant équatorial subsuperficiel Atlantique, 1973. ,
Circulation and Hydrographic Structure over the Ghana Continental Shelf during the 1974 Upwelling, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.6, issue.6, pp.909-924, 1976. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1976)006<0909:CAHSOT>2.0.CO;2
The scientific basis Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea Level. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment, IPCC, 2007. ,
Summer Sahel-ENSO teleconnection and decadal time scale SST variations, Climate Dynamics, vol.18, issue.3-4, pp.303-320, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s003820100172
Global oceans: Sea surface salinity, State of the Climate, pp.45-47, 2007. ,
Orbital and Millennial Antarctic Climate Variability over the Past 800,000 Years, Orbital and Millennial Antarctic Climate Variability over the Past 800,000 Years, pp.793-796, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.1141038
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00376332
Atmospheric CO 2 records from sites in the SIO air sampling network In: Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, 2005. ,
Soil moisture retrieval from space: the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol.39, issue.8, pp.39-1729, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1109/36.942551
The impacts of environmental forcing on the dynamics of demersal fishery resources of Ghana, 1998. ,
Biological Oceanography; An Introduction, 1993. ,
Variability of fCO 2 in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic from a moored buoy, J. Geophys. Res, pp.10-1029, 2008. ,
Low CO 2 concentrations in the Gulf of Guinea during the upwelling season in 2006, Mar. Chem, 2009. ,
Les courants marins dans le Golfe ivoirien, Cahiers ORSTOM, serie océanographie, vol.11, pp.67-95, 1973. ,
Circulation dans le Golfe de Guinée : Étude de la région d'origine du sous courant ivoirien, Cahiers ORSTOM, série océanographie, vol.11, pp.303-316, 1973. ,
Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide, Nature, 2009. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00760186
Dynamic Response of the Indian Ocean to Onset of the Southwest Monsoon, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol.265, issue.1159, pp.45-93, 1969. ,
DOI : 10.1098/rsta.1969.0040
Why Were Sea Surface Temperatures so Different in the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic in June 2005 and 2006?, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.39, issue.6, pp.1416-1431, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1175/2008JPO4030.1
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00406934
An investigation of Ekman upwelling in the North Atlantic, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.13, issue.10, pp.12327-12339, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1029/93JC00868
fluxes and the interhemispheric transport of carbon by the oceans, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.11, issue.2, pp.287-305, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1998GB900009
Evolution du CO2 oc??anique et atmosph??rique sur la p??riode 1982???1984 dans l'Atlantique tropical, Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.34, issue.7, pp.1107-1137, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0198-0149(87)90067-7
The distribution of nutrients in the equatorial Atlantic: relation to physical processes and phytoplankton biomass, Proceedings International Symposium on Equatorial Vertical Motion, pp.6-10, 1985. ,
Variabilité des pressions partielles de CO 2 océanique et atmosphérique dans l'Atlantique tropical, Oceanol. Acta, vol.9, pp.168-177, 1986. ,
in the tropical Atlantic: 10 years after the 1982-1984 FOCAL cruises, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.300, issue.5, pp.70-85, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.3402/tellusb.v47i1-2.16032
Seawater fugacity of CO 2 at the PIRATA mooring at 6°S, 10°W, Tellus B, 2010. ,
Seasonal and interannual variability of chlorophyll a and primary production in the Equatorial Atlantic: in situ and remote sensing observations, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.27, issue.2, pp.189-197, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/fbh159
A model study of the seasonal mixed layer heat budget in the equatorial Atlantic, C06014, p.10, 1029. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00154234
Variabilité de la température de la couche de mélange en Atlantique équatorial aux échelles saisonnières à interannuelles, 2007. ,
Upper-level circulation in the South Atlantic Ocean, Progress in Oceanography, vol.26, issue.1, pp.1-73, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0079-6611(91)90006-8
A model of the seasonal cycle in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.41, issue.C12, pp.192-206, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JC091iC12p14192
Unusual conditions in the tropical Atlantic Ocean in 1984, Nature, vol.42, issue.6076, pp.236-238, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1038/322236a0
Propagation of the Seasonal Upwelling in the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.13, issue.1, pp.18-37, 1983. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1983)013<0018:POTSUI>2.0.CO;2
Unusual amounts of very saline subsurface water in the eastern Gulf of Guinea in, Tropical Ocean-Atmosphere Newsletter, vol.32, pp.5-8, 1984. ,
La mousson africaine et ses composantes, Livre Blanc « proposition de projet, 2001. ,
African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis: An International Research Project and Field Campaign, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol.87, issue.12, pp.1739-1746, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1175/BAMS-87-12-1739
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00385875
Carbon dioxide along WOCE line A14: Water masses characterization and anthropogenic entry, J.G.R, vol.108, pp.10-1029, 2003. ,
Salinity in Argo: A Modern View of a Changing Ocean, Oceanography, vol.21, issue.1, pp.56-67, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.5670/oceanog.2008.67
The dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at salinities 5 to 45 and temperatures 0 to 45??C, Marine Chemistry, vol.44, issue.2-4, pp.249-267, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4203(93)90207-5
The Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana coastal upwellings : Dynamics and changes, Dynamics and Use of Sardinella Resources from Upwelling off Ghana and Ivory Coast: ORSTOM Editions), pp.346-361, 1995. ,
Air-Sea CO<latex>$_??$</latex> Transfer and the Carbon Budget of the North Atlantic [and Discussion], Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.348, issue.1324, pp.211-219, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1098/rstb.1995.0063
A Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA), Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol.79, issue.10, pp.2019-2031, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<2019:APRMAI>2.0.CO;2
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00124460
Deep-sea environment and biodiversity of the West African Equatorial margin. Deep-Sea Research Part II, pp.2156-2168, 2009. ,
The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, vol.46, issue.1-2, pp.279-303, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0967-0645(98)00109-X
Etude de la mise en place de la mousson en Afrique de l'ouest et de la variabilité intra-saisonnière de la convection. Applications à la sensibilité des rendements agricoles, 2002. ,
and nutrients in the high-latitude surface oceans: A comparative study, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.43, issue.4, pp.843-878, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1029/93GB02263
The solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water and seawater, Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, vol.17, issue.4, pp.721-735, 1970. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9
Nitrous oxide solubility in water and seawater, Marine Chemistry, vol.8, issue.4, pp.347-359, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4203(80)90024-9
Seasonal effects of temperature and salinity on the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater, Nature, vol.9, issue.5892, pp.511-513, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1038/300511a0
Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a non-ideal gas, Marine Chemistry, vol.2, issue.3, pp.203-215, 1974. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2
Upper layer circulation in the western tropical North Atlantic Ocean during August 1989, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.6, issue.C11, pp.22513-22523, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1029/94JC02066
The seasonal upwelling cycle along the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic, J. Mar. Res, vol.3, issue.4, pp.131-141, 1976. ,
Tropical Atlantic Variability: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts In Earth climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, Geophys. Monograph, pp.121-142, 2004. ,
Annual and Interannual Variation of the Freshwater Budget in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.20, issue.6, pp.831-845, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1990)020<0831:AAIVOT>2.0.CO;2
Role of Net Surface Heat Flux in Seasonal Variations of Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Journal of Climate, vol.19, issue.23, pp.6153-6169, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1175/JCLI3970.1
CO 2 in seawater: equilibrium, kinetics, isotopes, 2001. ,
An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, vol.21, issue.3, pp.3011-3021, 1029. ,
Constraining global air-sea gas exchange for CO 2 with recent bomb 14 C measurements, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, vol.18, p.201510, 1029. ,
Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea???air CO2 flux over the global oceans, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, vol.56, issue.8-10, pp.554-577, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.009
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00763263
fluxes in the tropical Atlantic during FOCAL cruises, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.89, issue.C10, pp.11741-11755, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JC091iC10p11741
The dependence on temperature and salinity of dissolved inorganic carbon in East Atlantic surface waters, Marine Chemistry, vol.65, issue.3-4, pp.263-280, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00017-1
The Large Marine Ecosystem of the Gulf of Guinea: longterm variability induced by climatic changes Large Marine Ecosystems ? Stress, Mitigation and Sustainability, pp.104-118, 1993. ,
transfer velocity from QuikSCAT scatterometer wind speeds, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.2, issue.C6, pp.4007-4017, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2007JC004168
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00760019
Couplings between changes in the climate system and biogeochemistry Climate Change 2007: The Physical Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007. ,
A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media, Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.34, issue.10, pp.1733-1743, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0198-0149(87)90021-5
High precision determination of titration alkalinity and total carbon dioxide content of seawater by potentiometric titration. Deep-Sea Res, pp.737-750, 1970. ,
The salinity normalization of marine inorganic carbon chemistry data, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.51, issue.2, pp.1085-1095, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2002GL015898
Oceanic sources, sinks, and transport of atmospheric CO 2, GB1005. doi10.1029, 2009. ,
Seasonal and interannual variability of oceanographic processes in the Gulf of Guinea: An investigation using AVHRR sea surface temperature data, International Journal of Remote Sensing, vol.1, issue.16, pp.3247-3268, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0079-6611(92)90002-H
Hydrological structure analysis for estimating the primary production in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, J. Mar. Res, vol.37, pp.87-101, 1979. ,
Global relationships of total alkalinity with salinity and temperature in surface waters of the world's oceans, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.36, issue.2, pp.19605-19615, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2006GL027207
Low CO 2 concentrations in the Gulf of Guinea during the upwelling season in 2006, Mar. Chem, vol.113, 2009. ,
in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic from a moored buoy, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.60, issue.1???2, pp.1015-1025, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2007JC004146
Measurement of the apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at atmospheric pressure, Limnol. Oceanogr, vol.8, pp.897-907, 1973. ,
Distribution of alkalinity in the surface waters of the major oceans, Marine Chemistry, vol.60, issue.1-2, pp.111-130, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00084-4
Measurements of atmospheric and oceanic CO 2 in the tropical Atlantic: 10 years after the, pp.70-85, 1982. ,
Carbon dioxide along WOCE line A14: Water masses characterization and anthropogenic entry, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.10, issue.1/2, pp.3123-3133, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000JC000366
The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, vol.46, issue.1-2, pp.279-303, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0967-0645(98)00109-X
Constraining global air?sea gas exchange for CO 2 with recent bomb 14 C measurements, Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, vol.21, pp.2015-2025, 2007. ,
Isothermal, mixed, and barrier layers in the subtropical and tropical Atlantic Ocean during the ARAMIS experiment, Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.57, issue.4, pp.501-517, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.dsr.2009.12.012
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00759258