C. De and V. , Sommaire 3.1 Principes d'un système de conversion de voix, p.57

. Principes-d-'un-systèmesyst, système de conversion de voix La conversion de voix est une technique permettant de modifier le signal vocal d'un locuteur de référence nommé aussi locuteur source, d'unemanì erè a ? etre perçù a l'´ ecoute, comme si un autre locuteur l'avait prononcé

. Le-champ-d, application de la conversion de voix est vaste et varié, nous pouvons citer : le système de personnalisation Text-To-Speech (TTS) (Stylianou, la synthèse de la parole (En-najjary, 2005) et l'amélioration de la voix pathologique (Bi et Qi, 1990.

A. A. Phrases and . Dans-les, 027 John could lend him the latest draft of his work. 028 From forty love the score was now deuce and the crowd grew tense. 029 The bulb blew when he switched on the light. 030 They launched into battle with all the forces they could muster. 031 He jerked round in an instant to face his assailant. 032 It was important to be perfect since there were no prompts. 033 She flicks through a magazine when she gets a chance. 034 I'll hedge my bets and take no risks. 035 I'll draft those new proposals before the next meeting. 036 When forced to make a choice, Sarah chose ping-pong as her favourite game. 037 Coe beat him to the line by five thousandths of a second. 038 You ought to brush your teeth before you go to bed. 039 I wish he'd either grow a beard or shave his moustache. 040 Judith found the manuscripts waiting for her on the piano. 041 I shall paint this room mauve with a few beige dots. 042 Changing gear half way up a steep hill can be quite risky. 043 I always enjoy a pint of lager when I come off the squash court. 044 Jean might prepare more salmon and cucumber sandwiches if we're lucky. 045 Water was cascading down the mountain at a rate of knots. 046 Our butcher makes his own pork and beef sausages, They asked if I wanted to come along on the barge trip. 026 Amongst her friends she was considered beautiful

. Elle-comprend-un-texte-phonétiquementnétiquementéquilibré, :. F. Qui-est-le-suivant, J. D. Bahja, E. Martino, D. Ibn-elhaj et al., Système de conversion et de correction de voix pathologiques, 2013.

F. Bahja, J. D. Martino, E. Ibn-elhaj, and D. Aboutajdine, Prédiction d'Impulsions Excitatives Cepstrales pour la Conversion et la Correction Vocale, Journées URAC du LRIT, 2012.

F. Bahja, J. D. Martino, and E. I. Elhaj, Mise en oeuvre temps-réel de l'algorithme CATE dédiédédiéà la détermination du F0 de signaux audio, Séminaire OesovoxàOesovoxà l'INPT, 2010.

M. Abdalla and H. Et-ali, Wavelet-based mel-frequency cepstral coefficients for speaker identification using hidden markov models, Journal of Telecommunications, vol.2, issue.1, pp.16-21, 2010.

M. Abe, A study on speaker individuality control, 1992.

M. Abe, S. Nakamura, and H. Et-kawabara, Voice conversion through vector quantization, Proceedings of ICASSP, pp.655-658, 1988.
DOI : 10.1109/icassp.1988.196671

R. Ardon, F. Perret, and C. Et-roche, Débruitage par seuillage des coefficients d'ondelettes, 2001.

P. Bagshaw, S. Hiller, and M. Jack, Enhanced pitch tracking and the processing of f0 contours for computer aided intonation teaching, Proceedings of European Conference on Speech Technology, pp.1000-1003, 1993.

F. Bahja, D. Martino, J. Et-ibn-elhaj, and E. , Real-time pitch tracking using the eCATE algorithm, 2010 5th International Symposium On I/V Communications and Mobile Network, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/ISVC.2010.5656254
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00545435

F. Bahja, D. Martino, J. Et-ibn-elhaj, and E. , On the use of wavelets and cepstrum excitation for Pitch Determination in real-time, 2012 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pp.150-153, 2012.
DOI : 10.1109/ICMCS.2012.6320184
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00761819

F. Bahja, D. Martino, J. Ibn-elhaj, E. Et-aboutajdine, and D. , An improvement of the eCATE algorithm for F0 detection, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, pp.24-28, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/ISCIT.2010.5664919
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00545441

F. Bahja, D. Martino, J. Ibn-elhaj, E. Et-aboutajdine, and D. , Prediction of cepstral excitation pulses for voice conversion, SIIE conference, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00761776

F. Bahja, D. Martino, J. Ibn-elhaj, E. Et-aboutajdine, and D. , An overview of the CATE algorithms for real-time pitch determination, Signal, Image and Video Processing, vol.17, issue.4, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s11760-013-0488-4
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00831660

N. Bi, Speech conversion and its application to alaryngeal speech enhancement, 3rd International Conference on Signal Processing, pp.1586-1589, 1996.

N. Bi and Y. Et-qi, Application of speech conversion to alaryngeal speech enhancement, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol.5, issue.2, pp.97-105, 1997.

M. Chami, D. Martino, J. Pierron, L. Et-ibn-elhaj, and E. , Real-time signal reconstruction from short-time fourier transform magnitude spectra using fpgas, SIIE conference, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00761783

G. Chang, B. Yu, and M. Vetterli, Adaptive wavelet thresholding for image denoising and compression, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol.9, issue.9, pp.1532-1546, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/83.862633
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1.3718

A. Cherkaoui, A. Oudidi, and N. Et-el-alami, Profií epidémiologique du cancer du larynx au service orl, chu de f` es, maroc, pp.57-76, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.respe.2009.02.067

W. Chu and A. Et-alwan, Reducing f0 frame error of f0 tracking algorithms under noisy conditions with an unvoiced/voiced classification frontend, ICASSP, pp.3969-3972, 2009.

W. Chu and A. Et-alwan, SAFE: A Statistical Approach to F0 Estimation Under Clean and Noisy Conditions, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, vol.20, issue.3, pp.933-967, 2012.
DOI : 10.1109/TASL.2011.2168518

F. Darley, A. Aronson, and J. Et-brown, Clusters of Deviant Speech Dimensions in the Dysarthrias, Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, vol.12, issue.3, 1969.
DOI : 10.1044/jshr.1203.462

A. De-cheveigné and H. Et-kawahara, YIN, a fundamental frequency estimator for speech and music, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.111, issue.4, pp.1917-1930, 2002.
DOI : 10.1121/1.1458024

A. Dempster, N. Laird, and D. Et-rubin, Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the em algorithm, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological ), vol.39, issue.1, pp.1-38, 1977.

D. Martino, J. Et-laprie, and Y. , An efficient f0 determination algorithm based on the implicit calculation of the autocorrelation of the temporal excitation signal, 6th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology EUROSPEECH, 1999.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00098759

D. Martino, J. Et-pierron, and L. , Synthétiseur numérique audio amélioré, 2010.

A. Diakité, K. Diabaté, L. James, A. Tolba, M. Himmich et al., Cancer du larynx : expérience de l'institut national d'oncologie de rabat, 23ème23ème Congrès National de la Société Française de Radiothérapie Oncologique, pp.5-6, 2012.

H. Doi, K. Nakamura, T. Toda, H. Saruwatari, and K. Et-shikano, Statistical approach to enhancing esophageal speech based on Gaussian mixture models, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, pp.4250-4253, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/ICASSP.2010.5495676

D. Donoho and I. Et-johnstone, Adapting to Unknown Smoothness via Wavelet Shrinkage, Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.31, issue.432, pp.901200-1224, 1995.
DOI : 10.1080/01621459.1979.10481038

D. Donoho, I. Johnstone, G. Kerkyacharian, and D. Et-picard, Wavelet shrinkage : Asymptopia ?, Journal of the Royal Statistics Society, Series B, vol.57, pp.301-369, 1995.

T. En-najjary, Conversion de voix pour la synthèse de la parole, 2005.

B. Gold and L. Et-rabiner, Parallel Processing Techniques for Estimating Pitch Periods of Speech in the Time Domain, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.46, issue.2B, pp.442-448, 1969.
DOI : 10.1121/1.1911709

M. Grosdemange and M. Et-malingrey, Prise en charge du patient ayant subi une laryngéctomie totale : ´ elaboration d'un guidè a l, 2010.

S. Hassen, N. Benna, K. Ouachtou, and A. Et-abdelouafi, Cancer du larynx : ` a propos de 70 cas, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/s0221-0363(07)81853-1

A. Hisada and H. Sawada, Real-time clarification of oesophageal speech using a comb filter, International Conference on Disability, pp.39-46, 2002.

M. Idrissi, H. Enneddam, R. Hiroual, N. Guanouni, O. Essadki et al., Cancer du larynx, 2010.

L. Janer, New pitch detection algorithm based on wavelet transform, Proceedings of the IEEE-SP International Symposium on Time-Frequency and Time-Scale Analysis (Cat. No.98TH8380), 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/TFSA.1998.721387

S. Kadambe and G. Et-boudreaux-bartels, Application of the wavelet transform for pitch detection of speech signals, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.38, issue.2, pp.917-924, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/18.119752

A. Kain, High resolution voice transformation, 2001.

A. Kain and M. Et-macon, Spectral voice conversion for text-to-speech synthesis, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP '98 (Cat. No.98CH36181), pp.285-288, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/ICASSP.1998.674423

E. Keller, P. Vigneux, and M. Et-laframboise, Acoustic analysis of neurologically impaired speech, International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, vol.26, issue.1, pp.2461-2465, 1991.
DOI : 10.3109/13682829109011993

N. Kingsbury, The dual-tree complex wavelet transform : a new efficient tool for image restoration and enhancement, Proceedings of EUSIPCO, pp.319-322, 1998.

N. Kingsbury, The dual-tree complex wavelet transform : a new technique for shift invariance and directional fillters, 1998.

N. Kingsbury, A. Zymnis, and A. Pena, Dt-mri data visualisation using the dualtree complex wavelet transform, Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, pp.328-331, 2004.

D. Krusback and R. Et-niederjohn, An autocorrelation pitch detector and voicing decision with confidence measures developed for noise-corrupted speech, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol.39, pp.319-329, 1991.

R. Kwitt, P. Meerwald, and A. Uhl, Tracking ground based targets in aerial video with dualtree complex wavelet polar matching and particle filtering, 16th International Conference on Digital Object Identifier, pp.1-8, 2009.

A. Lahlaidi, Anatomie topographique, 1987.

E. Larson, Real-time domain pitch tracking using wavelets, Ph.D. in Kalamazoo College, 2005.

L. Huche, F. Et-allali, and A. , La Voix. Anatomie et physiologie des organes de la voix et de la parole, 2001.

K. Lee, D. Young, and I. Et-cha, A new voice transformation method based on both linear and nonlinear prediction analysis, Proccedings of ICSLP 3, pp.1401-1404, 1996.

Y. Linde, A. Buzo, and R. Gray, An Algorithm for Vector Quantizer Design, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.28, issue.1, p.28, 1980.
DOI : 10.1109/TCOM.1980.1094577

V. Mahadevan and C. Et-espy-wilson, Maximum likelihood pitch estimation using sinusoidal modeling, 2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739326

J. Markel, The SIFT algorithm for fundamental frequency estimation, IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics, vol.20, issue.5, pp.367-377, 1972.
DOI : 10.1109/TAU.1972.1162410

K. Matui, N. Hara, N. Kobayashi, and H. Et-hirose, Enhancement of oesophageal speech using formant synthesis, Proceedings of ICASSP, pp.1831-1834, 1999.

Y. Medan, E. Yair, and D. Et-chazan, Super resolution pitch determination of speech signals, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol.39, issue.1, pp.3940-3988, 1991.
DOI : 10.1109/78.80763

G. Middleton, Pitch detection algorithms. Connexions Project, 2003.

M. Miller and N. Et-kingsbury, Image Modeling Using Interscale Phase Properties of Complex Wavelet Coefficients, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol.17, issue.9, pp.1491-1499, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/TIP.2008.926147

M. Miller, N. Kingsbury, and R. Et-hobbs, Seismic Imaging Using Complex Wavelets, Proceedings. (ICASSP '05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005., pp.557-560, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/ICASSP.2005.1415465

H. Mizuno and M. Et-abe, Voice conversion algorithm based on piecewise linear conversion rules of formant frequency and spectrum tilt, Speech Communication, vol.16, issue.2, pp.153-164, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0167-6393(94)00052-C

T. Nakatani, S. Amano, T. Irino, K. Ishizuka, and T. Et-kondo, A method for fundamental frequency estimation and voicing decision: Application to infant utterances recorded in real acoustical environments, Speech Communication, vol.50, issue.3, pp.50203-214, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.specom.2007.09.003

M. Narendranath, H. Murthy, S. Rajendran, and B. Et-yegnanarayan, Transformation of formants for voice conversion using artificial neural networks, Speech Communication, vol.16, issue.2, pp.207-216, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0167-6393(94)00058-I

S. Nawab, T. Quatieri, and J. Et-lim, Signal reconstruction from short-time fourier transform magnitude, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, issue.4, pp.31986-998, 1983.

J. Nelson, S. Pang, N. Kingsbury, and S. Et-godsill, Tracking ground based targets in aerial video with dual-tree complex wavelet polar matching and particle filtering, 11th International Conference on Information Fusion, pp.1-7, 2008.

K. Neville and Z. Et-hussain, Effects of wavelet compression of speech on its mel-cepstral coefficients, International Conference on Communication, Computer and Power (ICCCP), pp.15-18, 2009.

H. Ney, A dynamic programmation algorithm for nonlinear smoothing, Signal Processing, vol.5, issue.2, pp.63-173, 1983.

J. Nirmal, S. Patnaik, and M. Et-zaveri, Cepstrum based voice transformation using ann, IJCA Proceedings on International Conference in Computational Intelligence, 2012.

A. Noll, Cepstrum Pitch Determination, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.41, issue.2, pp.293-309, 1967.
DOI : 10.1121/1.1910339

A. Noll, Pitch determination of human speech by the harmonic product spectrum the harmonic sum spectrum and a maximum likelihood estimate, Proccedings of the Symposium on Computer Processing in Communication, pp.779-798, 1969.

A. Oppenheim and R. Schafer, Homomorphic analysis of speech, IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics, vol.16, issue.2, pp.16221-226, 1968.
DOI : 10.1109/TAU.1968.1161965

K. Park and H. Kim, Narrowband to wideband conversion of speech using gmm based transformation, Proceeding ICASSP, pp.779-798, 2000.

M. Philips, A feature???based time domain pitch tracker, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.77, issue.S1, pp.9-10, 1985.
DOI : 10.1121/1.2022639

F. Plante, G. Meyer, and W. Et-ainsworth, A pitch extraction reference database, Proceedings of Eurospeech, pp.837-840, 1995.

Y. Qi, Replacing tracheoesophageal voicing sources using LPC synthesis, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.88, issue.3, pp.1228-1235, 1990.
DOI : 10.1121/1.399700

Y. Qi, B. Weinberg, and N. Et-bi, Enhancement of female esophageal and tracheoesophageal speech, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.98, issue.5, 1995.
DOI : 10.1121/1.413279

L. Rabiner and B. Et-gold, Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol.8, issue.2, 1975.
DOI : 10.1109/TSMC.1978.4309918

L. Rabiner and R. Et-schafer, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, 1978.

D. Reynolds and R. Et-rose, Robust text-independent speaker identification using Gaussian mixture speaker models, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol.3, issue.1, pp.72-83, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/89.365379

M. Schroeder, Period Histogram and Product Spectrum: New Methods for Fundamental???Frequency Measurement, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.43, issue.4, pp.829-834, 1968.
DOI : 10.1121/1.1910902

B. Secrest and G. Et-doddington, An integrated pitch tracking algorithm for speech systems, ICASSP '83. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, pp.1352-1355, 1983.
DOI : 10.1109/ICASSP.1983.1172016

S. Smith, Matlab : Advanced GUI Development, 2006.

Y. Stylianou, Decomposition of speech signals into a deterministic and a stochastic part, Proceeding of Fourth International Conference on Spoken Language Processing. ICSLP '96, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/ICSLP.1996.607826

Y. Stylianou, Harmonic plus noise model for speech, combined with statistical methods, for speech and speaker modification, Thèse de l' ´ Ecole Nationale Supèrieure des Télécommunications, 1996.

Y. Stylianou, Continuous probabilistic transform for voice conversion, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol.6, issue.2, pp.131-142, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/89.661472

Y. Stylianou, Removing linear phase mismatches in concatenative speech synthesis, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol.9, issue.3, pp.232-239, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/89.905997

Y. Stylianou, O. Cappé, and E. Et-mouline, Statistical methods for voice quality transformation, Proceedings of Eurospeech 6, pp.447-450, 1995.

D. Talkin, A robust algorithm for pitch tracking (rapt) Speech coding and synthesis, pp.495-518, 1995.

A. Toth and A. Black, Using articulatory position data in voice transformation. Workshop on Speech Synthesis, pp.182-187, 2007.

F. Truchetet, Ondelettes pour le signal numérique. Edition Hermès, 1998.

H. Valbret, Système de conversion de voix pour la synthèse de la parole, 1992.

H. Valbret, E. Mouline, and J. Et-tubach, Voice transformation using PSOLA technique, Speech Communication, vol.11, issue.2-3, pp.175-187, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0167-6393(92)90012-V

B. Virole, Réseau de neurones et psychométrie, 2001.