B. Amberg, S. Romdhani, and T. Vetter, Optimal Step Nonrigid ICP Algorithms for Surface Registration, 2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.1-8, 2007.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPR.2007.383165
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.117.1978

J. Aubry, L. Beaulieu, L. Girouard, S. Aubin, D. Tremblay et al., Measurements of intrafraction motion and interfraction and intrafraction rotation of prostate by three-dimensional analysis of daily portal imaging with radiopaque markers, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.60, issue.1, pp.30-39, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.02.045

B. Allen, B. C. Popovic, and Z. , The space of human body shapes, ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol.22, issue.3, pp.587-94, 2003.
DOI : 10.1145/882262.882311

A. Barjatya, Block matching algorithms for motion estimation, IEEE Transactions Evolution Computation, vol.8, issue.3, pp.225-239, 2004.

E. A. Barnes, B. R. Murray, D. M. Robinson, L. J. Underwood, J. Hanson et al., Dosimetric evaluation of lung tumor immobilization using breath hold at deep inspiration, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.50, issue.4, pp.501091-1098, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01592-9

B. Bartczak, K. Koeser, F. Woelk, and R. Koch, Extraction of 3D freeform surfaces as visual landmarks for real-time tracking, Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, vol.15, issue.1, pp.81-101, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s11554-007-0042-0

B. Bartczak, I. Schiller, C. Beder, and R. Koch, Integration of a time-of-flight camera into a mixed reality system for handling dynamic scenes, moving viewpoints and occlusions in realtime, Int. Symp. on 3D Data Processing, Visualization and Transmission (3DPVT), 2008.

S. Bartoncini, C. Fiandra, R. Redda, M. Allis, S. Munoz et al., Controllo di qualit?? del set-up mediante un sistema di registrazione di immagini di superficie corporea nel trattamento del carcinoma della prostata con radioterapia conformazionale: studio su 19 pazienti, La radiologia medica, vol.72, issue.8, pp.1-10, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s11547-012-0823-9

S. Bauer, B. Berkels, S. Ettl, O. Arold, J. Hornegger et al., Markerless reconstruction of dense 4-d surface motion fields using active laser triangulation for respiratory motion management, Med Image Comput Assist Interv, vol.15, issue.1, pp.412-421, 2012.

S. Bauer, B. Berkels, J. Hornegger, and M. Rumpf, Joint tof image denoising and registration with a ct surface in radiation therapy. Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision, pp.98-109, 2012.

S. Bauer, J. Wasza, S. Haase, N. Marosi, and J. Hornegger, Multi-modal surface registration for markerless initial patient setup in radiation therapy using microsoft's Kinect sensor, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops), pp.1175-1181, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/ICCVW.2011.6130383

S. Bauer, J. Wasza, and J. Hornegger, Photometric Estimation of 3D Surface Motion Fields for Respiration Management, Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin, pp.105-110, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-28502-8_20

U. Bauer and K. Polthier, Detection of Planar Regions in Volume Data for Topology Optimization, Advances in Geometric Modeling and Processing, pp.119-126, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-79246-8_9

S. S. Beauchemin and J. L. Barron, The computation of optical flow, ACM Computing Surveys, vol.27, issue.3, pp.433-466, 1995.
DOI : 10.1145/212094.212141

F. G. Becerro, External-self-calibration of a 3d time-of-flight camera in real environments . system, p.33, 2008.

C. Bert, K. G. Metheany, K. Doppke, C. , and G. T. , A phantom evaluation of a stereo-vision surface imaging system for radiotherapy patient setup, Medical Physics, vol.59, issue.9, p.2753, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00166-8

P. J. Besl and N. D. Mckay, A method for registration of 3-D shapes, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.14, issue.2, pp.239-256, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/34.121791

H. Blomgren, I. Lax, I. Naslund, and R. Svantrom, Stereotactif high dose fraction radiation therapy of extracranial tumors using an accelerator. clinical experience of the first thirty-one patients, Acta Oncol, issue.6, pp.34861-870, 1995.

M. Boehme, M. Haker, T. Martinetz, and E. Barth, A facial feature tracker for human-computer interaction based on 3d tof cameras, Issue on Dynamic 3D Imaging, pp.3-4264, 2008.

A. Böller, Evaluation of 3d camera technology for patient positioning within the field of radiation therapy, 2010.

P. Bondiau, K. Bénézery, V. Beckendorf, D. Peiffert, J. Gérard et al., Radioth??rapie st??r??otaxique robotis??e par??CyberKnife??: aspects techniques et??indications, Cancer/Radioth??rapie, vol.11, issue.6-7, pp.338-344, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.canrad.2007.09.146

T. Bortfeld, K. Jokivarsi, M. Goitein, J. Kung, and S. B. Jiang, Effects of intrafraction motion on imrt dose delivery : statistical analysis and simulation, Physics in medicine and biology, issue.13, p.472203, 2002.

G. Bouilhol, M. Ayadi, S. Rit, S. Thengumpallil, J. Schaerer et al., Is abdominal compression useful in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy? A 4DCT and dosimetric lobe-dependent study, Physica Medica, vol.29, issue.4, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2012.04.006
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00797813

A. Brahme, P. Nyman, and B. Skatt, 4D laser camera for accurate patient positioning, collision avoidance, image fusion and adaptive approaches during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, Medical Physics, vol.73, issue.5, p.1670, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-8140(04)80049-5

A. Bruhn, J. Weickert, and C. Schnörr, Lucas/Kanade Meets Horn/Schunck: Combining Local and Global Optic Flow Methods, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.61, issue.3, pp.61211-231, 2005.
DOI : 10.1023/B:VISI.0000045324.43199.43
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.129.7916

P. Bryan, S. Custar, J. Haaga, and V. Balsara, Respiratory movement of the pancreas: an ultrasonic study., Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, vol.3, issue.7, pp.317-320, 1984.
DOI : 10.7863/jum.1984.3.7.317

Q. Chen, M. S. Weinhous, F. C. Deibel, J. P. Ciezki, and R. M. Macklis, Fluoroscopic study of tumor motion due to breathing: Facilitating precise radiation therapy for lung cancer patients, Medical Physics, vol.14, issue.9, p.1850, 2001.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1398037

I. Chetty, M. Rosu, D. Mcshan, B. Fraass, J. Balter et al., Accounting for center-of-mass target motion using convolution methods in Monte Carlo-based dose calculations of the lung, Medical Physics, vol.30, issue.4, pp.31925-932, 2004.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1669083

F. Chiabrando, D. Piatti, R. , and F. , Sr-4000 tof camera : further experimental tests and first applications to metric surveys, Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci, issue.5, pp.38149-154, 2010.

S. Chowdhary, T. Cloward, K. Shilling, W. Berjaoui, R. Farney et al., Correlation of Spirometry, Sleep Disordered Breathing, and Nocturnal Hypoxemia in Severely Obese Subject, Chest, vol.140, issue.4, pp.140943-943, 2011.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.1119518

S. Clippe, D. Sarrut, C. Malet, S. Miguet, C. Ginestet et al., Patient setup error measurement using 3D intensity-based image registration techniques, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.56, issue.1, pp.56259-265, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)00083-X

R. Crabb, C. Tracey, A. Puranik, D. , and J. , Comparison of depth superresolution methods for 2d/3d images, IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn . ; Workshop on ToF-Camera based Computer Vision, pp.635-645, 2011.

S. Davies, A. Hill, R. Holmes, M. Halliwell, J. et al., Ultrasound quantitation of respiratory organ motion in the upper abdomen, The British Journal of Radiology, vol.67, issue.803, pp.671096-1102, 1994.
DOI : 10.1259/0007-1285-67-803-1096

D. Eggbeer, R. Bibb, P. Evans, J. , and L. , Evaluation of direct and indirect additive manufacture of maxillofacial prostheses, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, vol.220, issue.6, pp.718-728, 2012.
DOI : 10.1177/0954411912451826

L. Ekberg, O. Holmberg, L. Wittgren, G. Bjelkengren, and T. Landberg, What margins should be added to the clinical target volume in radiotherapy treatment planning for lung cancer ? Radiotherapy and oncology, pp.71-77, 1998.

M. Engelsman, E. M. Damen, K. De-jaeger, K. M. Van-ingen, and B. J. Mijnheer, The effect of breathing and set-up errors on the cumulative dose to a lung tumor, Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol.60, issue.1, pp.95-105, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-8140(01)00349-8

S. C. Erridge, Y. Seppenwoolde, S. H. Muller, M. Van-herk, K. De-jaeger et al., Portal imaging to assess set-up errors, tumor motion and tumor shrinkage during conformal radiotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, p.75, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-8140(02)00287-6

D. Falie and V. Buzuloiu, Noise Characteristics of 3D Time-of-Flight Cameras, 2007 International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, pp.1-4, 2007.
DOI : 10.1109/ISSCS.2007.4292693

D. Falie and V. Buzuloiu, Wide range Time of Flight camera for outdoor surveillance, 2008 Microwaves, Radar and Remote Sensing Symposium, pp.79-82, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/MRRS.2008.4669550

H. Fayad, T. Pan, J. Clement, and D. Visvikis, Technical Note: Correlation of respiratory motion between external patient surface and internal anatomical landmarks, Medical Physics, vol.50, issue.S2, pp.3157-3164, 2011.
DOI : 10.2967/jnumed.108.056721
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00630038

H. Fayad, T. Pan, C. Roux, C. C. Rest, O. Pradier et al., A 2D-spline patient specific model for use in radiation therapy, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro, pp.590-593, 2009.
DOI : 10.1109/ISBI.2009.5193116
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00472845

H. Fayad, T. Pan, C. Roux, and D. Visvikis, A generic respiratory motion model for motion correction in PET/CT, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposuim & Medical Imaging Conference, pp.2010-2455, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/NSSMIC.2010.5874229

J. Feldmar and N. Ayache, Rigid, affine and locally affine registration of free-form surfaces, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.13, issue.2, pp.99-119, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00054998
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00074451

M. A. Fischler and R. C. Bolles, Random sample consensus: a paradigm for model fitting with applications to image analysis and automated cartography, Communications of the ACM, vol.24, issue.6, pp.381-395, 1981.
DOI : 10.1145/358669.358692

S. Foix, G. Alenya, and C. Torras, Lock-in Time-of-Flight (ToF) Cameras: A Survey, IEEE Sensors Journal, vol.11, issue.9, pp.111917-1926, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/JSEN.2010.2101060

F. Salmerón, S. , A. Ribas, G. Torras-genís, and C. , Exploitation of timeof-flight (tof) cameras, 2010.

E. Ford, G. Mageras, E. Yorke, L. , and C. , Respiration-correlated spiral CT: A method of measuring respiratory-induced anatomic motion for radiation treatment planning, Medical Physics, vol.26, issue.1, p.88, 2003.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1531177

E. Ford, G. Mageras, E. Yorke, K. Rosenzweig, R. Wagman et al., Evaluation of respiratory movement during gated radiotherapy using film and electronic portal imaging, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.52, issue.2, pp.522-531, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)02681-5

T. Foroud, L. Wetherill, S. Vinci-booher, E. Moore, R. Ward et al., Relation Over Time Between Facial Measurements and Cognitive Outcomes in Fetal Alcohol-Exposed Children, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol.14, issue.s1, pp.1634-1646, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01750.x

B. Fraass, K. Doppke, M. Hunt, G. Kutcher, G. Starkschall et al., American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 53: Quality assurance for clinical radiotherapy treatment planning, Medical Physics, vol.25, issue.10, p.1773, 1998.
DOI : 10.1118/1.598373

S. Fuchs and G. Hirzinger, Extrinsic and depth calibration of ToF-cameras, 2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.1-6, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPR.2008.4587828

O. Gallo, R. Manduchi, and A. Rafii, Robust curb and ramp detection for safe parking using the Canesta TOF camera, 2008 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, pp.1558-1565, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPRW.2008.4563165

R. George, P. Keall, V. Kini, S. Vedam, J. Siebers et al., Quantifying the effect of intrafraction motion during breast IMRT planning and dose delivery, Medical Physics, vol.47, issue.9, p.552, 2003.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1543151

R. George, S. Vedam, T. Chung, V. Ramakrishnan, and P. Keall, The application of the sinusoidal model to lung cancer patient respiratory motion, Medical Physics, vol.31, issue.10, pp.2850-2861, 2005.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1774132

P. Giraud, Y. De-rycke, B. Dubray, S. Helfre, D. Voican et al., Conformal radiotherapy (CRT) planning for lung cancer: analysis of intrathoracic organ motion during extreme phases of breathing, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.51, issue.4, p.511081, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01766-7

G. H. Golub and C. F. Van-loan, Matrix computations, 1996.

H. Gray, Anatomy of the human body, 1918.

I. S. Grills, D. Yan, A. A. Martinez, F. A. Vicini, J. W. Wong et al., Potential for reduced toxicity and dose escalation in the treatment of inoperable non???small-cell lung cancer: A comparison of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), 3D conformal radiation, and elective nodal irradiation, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.57, issue.3, pp.875-890, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)00743-0

S. A. Guomundsson, H. Aanaes, and R. Larsen, Environmental effects on measurement uncertainties of time-of-flight cameras, Signals, Circuits and Systems, 2007.

J. Hanley, M. M. Debois, D. Mah, G. S. Mageras, A. Raben et al., Deep inspiration breathhold technique for lung tumors : the potential value of target immobilization and reduced lung density in dose escalation, International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, issue.3, pp.45603-611, 1999.

G. Harauz and M. Bronskill, Comparison of the liver's respiratory motion in the supine and upright positions : concise communication, Journal of Nuclear Medicine, vol.20, issue.7, pp.733-735, 1979.

D. J. Heeger, Optical flow using spatiotemporal filters, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.300, issue.5892, pp.279-302, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00133568

T. S. Hong, W. A. Tomé, R. J. Chappell, P. Chinnaiyan, M. P. Mehta et al., The impact of daily setup variations on head-and-neck intensity-modulated radiation therapy, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.61, issue.3, pp.61779-788, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.07.696

B. K. Horn, Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using unit quaternions, Journal of the Optical Society of America A, vol.4, issue.4, pp.629-642, 1987.
DOI : 10.1364/JOSAA.4.000629

B. K. Horn and B. G. Schunck, Determining optical flow, Artificial Intelligence, vol.17, issue.1-3, pp.185-203, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0004-3702(81)90024-2
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.185.1651

A. Hostettler, Modélisation et simulation patient-dépendante, préopératoire, prédictive , et temps-réel du mouvement des organes de l'abdomen induit par la respiration libre, 2008.

E. Huang, L. Dong, A. Chandra, D. A. Kuban, I. I. Rosen et al., Intrafraction prostate motion during IMRT for prostate cancer, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.53, issue.2, pp.261-268, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02738-4

P. Jain, I. Marchant, M. Green, G. Watkins, J. Davies et al., Inter-fraction motion and dosimetric consequences during breast intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol.90, issue.1, pp.93-98, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.radonc.2008.10.010

S. R. Jandt, R. M. Da-sil-caballero, L. A. Junior, and A. S. Dias, Correlation between trunk control, respiratory muscle strength and spirometry in patients with stroke: An observational study, Physiotherapy Research International, vol.18, issue.3, pp.218-224, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/pri.495

R. Jensen, R. Paulsen, and R. Larsen, Analyzing Gait Using a Time-of-Flight Camera, Proceedings of the Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00371-007-0195-7

U. Johnson, D. Landau, J. Lindgren-turner, N. Smith, I. Meir et al., Real time 3D surface imaging for the analysis of respiratory motion during radiotherapy, International Journal of Radiation OncologyBiologyPhysics, vol.60, issue.1, pp.603-604, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(04)01911-X

T. Kahlmann, F. Remondino, I. , and H. , Calibration for increased accuracy of the range imaging camera swissrangertm, Proc. of IEVM, 2006.

W. A. Kalender, R. Rienmüller, W. Seissler, J. Behr, M. Welke et al., Measurement of pulmonary parenchymal attenuation: use of spirometric gating with quantitative CT., Radiology, vol.175, issue.1, pp.265-268, 1990.
DOI : 10.1148/radiology.175.1.2315492

W. Karel, P. Dorninger, and N. Pfeifer, In situ determination of range camera quality parameters by segmentation, Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Opt. 3D Meas. Tech, pp.109-116, 2007.

K. Kauweloa, D. Ruan, J. Park, A. Sandhu, G. Kim et al., GateCT??? surface tracking system for respiratory signal reconstruction in 4DCT imaging, Medical Physics, vol.20, issue.6, p.492, 2012.
DOI : 10.1142/S021800140600506X

P. Keall, G. Mageras, Y. , and E. , The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76a), Medical Physics, vol.48, issue.3, pp.3874-3900, 2006.
DOI : 10.1118/1.2349696

P. J. Keall, S. Joshi, S. S. Vedam, J. V. Siebers, V. R. Kini et al., Four-dimensional radiotherapy planning for DMLC-based respiratory motion tracking, Medical Physics, vol.14, issue.4, p.942, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)01134-9

A. Khamene, J. K. Warzelhan, S. Vogt, D. Elgort, C. Chefd-'hotel et al., Characterization of Internal Organ Motion Using Skin Marker Positions, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.3217, issue.2, pp.526-533, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-30136-3_65

K. Khoshelham and S. O. Elberink, Accuracy and Resolution of Kinect Depth Data for Indoor Mapping Applications, Sensors, vol.12, issue.12, pp.1437-1454, 2012.
DOI : 10.3390/s120201437

A. Kirilova, G. Lockwood, P. Choi, N. Bana, M. A. Haider et al., Three-dimensional motion of liver tumors using cinemagnetic resonance imaging, International journal of radiation oncology, issue.4, pp.711189-1195, 2008.

K. Kitamura, H. Shirato, Y. Seppenwoolde, R. Onimaru, M. Oda et al., Three-dimensional intrafractional movement of prostate measured during real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy in supine and prone treatment positions, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.53, issue.5, pp.531117-1123, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02882-1

H. W. Korin, R. L. Ehman, S. J. Riederer, J. P. Felmlee, and R. C. Grimm, Respiratory kinematics of the upper abdominal organs: A quantitative study, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.173, issue.1, pp.172-178, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/mrm.1910230118

S. S. Korreman, T. Juhler-nøttrup, and A. L. Boyer, Respiratory gated beam delivery cannot facilitate margin reduction, unless combined with respiratory correlated image guidance, Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol.86, issue.1, pp.61-68, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.radonc.2007.10.038

H. Kubo and B. Hill, Respiration gated radiotherapy treatment: a technical study, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.41, issue.1, pp.83-91, 1996.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/41/1/007

J. Kuipers, SPASYN-an electromagnetic relative position and orientation tracking system, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol.29, issue.4, pp.462-466, 1980.
DOI : 10.1109/TIM.1980.4314980

B. Langmann, K. Hartmann, and O. Loffeld, Real-time foreground segmentation via range and color imaging, International Journal of Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, pp.1-5, 2008.

I. Lax, H. Blomgren, I. Naslund, and R. Svantrom, Stereotactic Radiotherapy of Malignancies in the Abdomen: Methodological aspects, Acta Oncologica, vol.22, issue.6, pp.677-683, 1994.
DOI : 10.3109/02841869309093624

S. Lee, G. Wolberg, and S. Y. Shin, Scattered data interpolation with multilevel B-splines, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol.3, issue.3, pp.228-244, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/2945.620490

J. Leong, Implementation of random positioning error in computerised radiation treatment planning systems as a result of fractionation, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.32, issue.3, p.327, 2000.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/32/3/002

G. Leunens, J. Menten, C. Weltens, J. Verstraete, and E. Van-der-schueren, Quality assessment of medical decision making in radiation oncology: variability in target volume delineation for brain tumours, Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol.29, issue.2, pp.169-175, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0167-8140(93)90243-2

M. Lindner and A. Kolb, Lateral and Depth Calibration of PMD-Distance Sensors, Advances in Visual Computing, pp.524-533, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/11919629_53

M. Lindner, A. Kolb, and K. Hartmann, Data-fusion of pmd-based distanceinformation and high-resolution rgb-images, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems (ISSCS), Session on Algorithms for 3D TOF-cameras, pp.121-124, 2007.

H. C. Longuet-higgins, A computer algorithm for reconstructing a scene from two projections, pp.61-62, 1987.

D. Low, P. Parikh, W. Lu, J. Dempsey, S. Wahab et al., Novel breathing motion model for radiotherapy, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.63, issue.3, pp.921-929, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.03.070
URL : http://ufdc.ufl.edu/LS00000881/00255

D. A. Low, M. Nystrom, E. Kalinin, P. Parikh, J. F. Dempsey et al., A method for the reconstruction of four-dimensional synchronized CT scans acquired during free breathing, Medical Physics, vol.47, issue.6, p.1254, 2003.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1576230

B. D. Lucas and T. Kanade, An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision, Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence, 1981.

A. E. Lujan, E. W. Larsen, J. M. Balter, T. Haken, and R. K. , A method for incorporating organ motion due to breathing into 3D dose calculations, Medical Physics, vol.21, issue.5, p.715, 1999.
DOI : 10.1118/1.598577

J. Mcclelland, J. Blackall, S. Tarte, A. Chandler, S. Hughes et al., A continuous 4D motion model from multiple respiratory cycles for use in lung radiotherapy, Medical Physics, vol.51, issue.9, pp.3348-3358, 2006.
DOI : 10.1118/1.2222079

J. Mcclelland, D. Hawkes, T. Schaeffter, and A. King, Respiratory motion models: A review, Medical Image Analysis, vol.17, issue.1, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.media.2012.09.005

A. Mckenzie, How should breathing motion be combined with other errors when drawing margins around clinical target volumes ? British journal of radiology, pp.973-977, 2000.

D. Miller, E. Klein, I. Zoberi, M. Taylor, P. et al., Inter-fraction and Intra-fraction Breast Motion Localized using AlignRT for Early Breast Cancer, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.72, issue.1, pp.189-190, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.764

A. Mines, Respiratory Physiology, 1993.

C. Moroni, M. Mascalchi, G. Camiciottoli, M. Bartolucci, F. Falaschi et al., Comparison of Spirometric-Gated and -Ungated HRCT in COPD, Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, vol.27, issue.3, pp.375-379, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00004728-200305000-00013

T. Moser, S. Fleischhacker, K. Schubert, G. Sroka-perez, and C. P. Karger, Technical performance of a commercial laser surface scanning system for patient setup correction in radiotherapy, Physica Medica, vol.27, issue.4, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2010.10.005

T. Moser, G. Habl, M. Uhl, K. Schubert, G. Sroka-perez et al., Clinical Evaluation of a Laser Surface Scanning System in 120 Patients for Improving Daily Setup Accuracy in Fractionated Radiation Therapy, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.85, issue.3, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.05.026

M. Rains, Tumour in full motion ; inspiration gating versus free breathing. Radiographer physics, 2010.

K. Müller, C. Schaller, J. Penne, and J. Hornegger, Surface-Based Respiratory Motion Classification and Verification, pp.257-261, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-93860-6_52

J. Mure-dubois and H. Hügli, Fusion of time of flight camera point clouds, Workshop on Multi-camera and Multi-modal Sensor Fusion Algorithms and Applications- M2SFA2, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00326781

M. J. Murphy, D. Martin, R. Whyte, J. Hai, C. Ozhasoglu et al., The effectiveness of breath-holding to stabilize lung and pancreas tumors during radiosurgery, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.53, issue.2, pp.475-482, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)02822-X

A. Myronenko and X. Song, Point set registration : Coherent point drift. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on, vol.32, issue.12, pp.2262-2275, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/tpami.2010.46
URL : http://arxiv.org/abs/0905.2635

M. Nakamoto, K. Nakada, Y. Sato, K. Konishi, M. Hashizume et al., Intraoperative Magnetic Tracker Calibration Using a Magneto-Optic Hybrid Tracker for 3-D Ultrasound-Based Navigation in Laparoscopic Surgery, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol.27, issue.2, pp.255-270, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/TMI.2007.911003

J. Nickolls and W. Dally, The GPU Computing Era, IEEE Micro, vol.30, issue.2, pp.56-69, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/MM.2010.41

C. Niclass, C. Favi, T. Kluter, F. Monnier, C. et al., Single-photon synchronous detection. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal, issue.7, pp.441977-1989, 2009.
DOI : 10.1109/esscirc.2008.4681805
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.418.7504

S. Nicolau, L. Goffin, and L. Soler, A low cost and accurate guidance system for laparoscopic surgery, Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology , VRST '05, pp.124-133, 2005.
DOI : 10.1145/1101616.1101642

P. Noonan, T. Cootes, W. Hallett, and R. Hinz, The design and initial calibration of an optical tracking system using the Microsoft Kinect, 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, pp.2011-3614, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/NSSMIC.2011.6153680

T. Noponen, T. Kokki, V. Lepomaki, S. Kajander, N. Durand-schaefer et al., Spirometry based respiratory gating method for cardiac PET and MRI imaging, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, pp.4832-4834, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/NSSMIC.2008.4774323

S. Pallotta, L. Marrazzo, M. Ceroti, P. Silli, and M. Bucciolini, , a commercial laser/camera surface imaging system for patient setup verification in radiotherapy, Medical Physics, vol.15, issue.2, pp.706-712, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.11.010

S. Pallotta, L. Marrazzo, M. Ceroti, P. Silli, and M. Bucciolini, , a commercial laser/camera surface imaging system for patient setup verification in radiotherapy, Medical Physics, vol.15, issue.2, p.706, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.11.010

S. Pallotta, G. Simontacchi, L. Marrazzo, M. Ceroti, F. Paiar et al., Accuracy of a 3D laser/camera surface imaging system for setup verification of the pelvic and thoracic regions in radiotherapy treatments, Medical Physics, vol.55, issue.1, p.11710, 2013.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/55/7/005

T. Pan, T. Lee, E. Rietzel, C. , and G. T. , 4D-CT imaging of a volume influenced by respiratory motion on multi-slice CT, Medical Physics, vol.25, issue.6, p.333, 2004.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1639993

J. Peng, C. Lui, Y. Chen, R. Amdur, K. Vanek et al., Dosimetric consequences of rotational setup errors with direct simulation in a treatment planning system ofr fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy, J Appl Clin Med Phys, vol.12, issue.3, 2011.

J. L. Peng, D. Kahler, J. G. Li, S. Samant, G. Yan et al., Characterization of a real-time surface image-guided stereotactic positioning system, Medical Physics, vol.31, issue.2, p.5421, 2010.
DOI : 10.1118/1.3483783

J. Penne, C. Schaller, J. Hornegger, and T. Kuwert, Robust real-time 3D respiratory motion detection using time-of-flight cameras, International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, vol.87, issue.2, pp.427-431, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s11548-008-0245-2

K. Petersson, M. Enmark, and P. Ambolt, Improving patient throughput with preserved accuracy using a body surface scanning system for patient set-up during tomotherapy, TomoTherapy EMEA User Symposium, 2010.

D. Piatti and F. Rinaudo, SR-4000 and CamCube3.0 Time of Flight (ToF) Cameras: Tests and Comparison, Remote Sensing, vol.4, issue.12, pp.1069-1089, 2012.
DOI : 10.3390/rs4041069

S. Placht, C. Schaller, and A. Adelt, Improvement and evaluation of a time-offlight-based patient positioning system, 2010.

S. Placht, J. Stancanello, C. Schaller, M. Balda, and E. Angelopoulou, Fast time-of-flight camera based surface registration for radiotherapy patient positioning, Medical Physics, vol.3, issue.1, p.4, 2012.
DOI : 10.1118/1.3664006.4

C. Plathow, S. Ley, C. Fink, M. Puderbach, W. Hosch et al., Analysis of intrathoracic tumor mobility during whole breathing cycle by dynamic MRI, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.59, issue.4, pp.952-959, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2003.12.035

G. Price, J. Parkhurst, P. Sharrock, M. , and C. , Real-time optical measurement of the dynamic body surface for use in guided radiotherapy, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.57, issue.2, pp.415-436, 2012.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/57/2/415

A. Prusak, O. Melnychuk, I. Schiller, H. Roth, and R. Koch, Pose estimation and map building with a pmd-camera for robot navigation, Issue on Dynamic 3D Imaging, pp.3-4355, 2008.
DOI : 10.1504/ijista.2008.021298

F. Raab, E. Blood, T. Steiner, and R. Jones, Magnetic Position and Orientation Tracking System, IEEE transactions Aerospace and Electronic systems, pp.709-718, 1979.
DOI : 10.1109/TAES.1979.308860

V. M. Remouchamps, N. Letts, F. A. Vicini, M. B. Sharpe, L. L. Kestin et al., Initial clinical experience with moderate deepinspiration breath hold using an active breathing control device in the treatment of patients with left-sided breast cancer using external beam radiation therapy, International Journal of radiation oncology, issue.3, pp.56704-715, 2003.

C. S. Ross, D. H. Hussey, E. C. Pennington, W. Stanford, F. Doornbos et al., Analysis of movement of intrathoracic neoplasms using ultrafast computerized tomography, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.18, issue.3, pp.671-677, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0360-3016(90)90076-V

C. Runge, Über empirische funktionen und die interpolation zwischen äquidistanten ordinaten, Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik, pp.224-24320, 1901.

A. Sahih, O. Haas, K. Burnham, and J. Mills, Organ motion modelling and prediction for adaptive radiotherapy, Proc. IAR-ACD, pp.211-216, 2005.

D. Sarrut, V. Boldea, S. Miguet, and C. Ginestet, Simulation of four-dimensional CT images from deformable registration between inhale and exhale breath-hold CT scans, Medical Physics, vol.50, issue.3, pp.605-617, 2006.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/50/3/006

J. Schaerer, A. Fassi, M. Riboldi, P. C. Baroni, and D. Sarrut, Multidimensional respiratory motion tracking from markerless optical surface imaging based on deformable mesh registration, Med Image Comput Assist Interv, vol.15, issue.1, pp.412-421, 2012.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/57/2/357

C. Schaller, A. Adelt, J. Penne, and J. Hornegger, Time-of-Flight sensor for patient positioning, Medical Imaging 2009: Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures, and Modeling, pp.726110-726110, 2009.
DOI : 10.1117/12.812498

P. J. Schöffel, W. Harms, G. Sroka-perez, W. Schlegel, and C. P. Karger, Accuracy of a commercial optical 3D surface imaging system for realignment of patients for radiotherapy of the thorax, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.52, issue.13, p.523949, 2007.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/52/13/019

E. Schreibmann, G. Chen, and L. Xing, Image interpolation in 4D CT using a BSpline deformable registration model, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.64, issue.5, pp.1537-1550, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.11.018

J. Seco, G. C. Sharp, Z. Wu, D. Gierga, F. Buettner et al., Dosimetric impact of motion in free-breathing and gated lung radiotherapy: A 4D Monte Carlo study of intrafraction and interfraction effects, Medical Physics, vol.65, issue.1, p.356, 2008.
DOI : 10.1118/1.2713427

Y. Seppenwoolde, R. Berbeco, S. Nishioka, H. Shirato, and B. Heijmen, Accuracy of tumor motion compensation algorithm from a robotic respiratory tracking system: A simulation study, Medical Physics, vol.63, issue.7, pp.2774-2784, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.04.024

Y. Seppenwoolde, H. Shirato, K. Kitamura, S. Shimizu, M. Van-herk et al., Precise and real-time measurement of 3D tumor motion in lung due to breathing and heartbeat, measured during radiotherapy, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.53, issue.4, pp.822-834, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02803-1

S. Shimizu, H. Shirato, S. Ogura, H. Akita-dosaka, K. Kitamura et al., Detection of lung tumor movement in realtime tumor-tracking radiotherapy, International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, issue.2, pp.51304-310, 2001.

. Siteplancancer, Site internet présentant le plan cancer sur la période, 2009.

K. E. Sixel, M. Ruschin, R. Tirona, and P. C. Cheung, Digital fluoroscopy to quantify lung tumor motion: potential for patient-specific planning target volumes, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.57, issue.3, pp.717-723, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)00713-2

R. P. Smith, P. Bloch, E. E. Harris, J. Mcdonough, A. Sarkar et al., Analysis of interfraction and intrafraction variation during tangential breast irradiation with an electronic portal imaging device, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.62, issue.2, pp.373-378, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.10.022

M. Sohn, M. Birkner, D. Yan, and M. Alber, Modelling individual geometric variation based on dominant eigenmodes of organ deformation: implementation and evaluation, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.50, issue.24, pp.5893-5908, 2005.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/50/24/009

S. Soutschek, J. Penne, and J. Hornegger, 3d gesture-based scene navigation in medical imaging applications using time-of-flight cameras, IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn. ; Workshop on ToF-Camera based Computer Vision, 2008.

M. Spadea, G. Baroni, D. Gierga, J. Turcotte, G. Chen et al., Evaluation and commissioning of a surface based system for respiratory sensing in 4D CT, Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, vol.4, issue.9, p.3288, 2010.
DOI : 10.1120/jacmp.v12i1.3288

C. W. Stevens, R. F. Munden, K. M. Forster, J. F. Kelly, Z. Liao et al., Respiratory-driven lung tumor motion is independent of tumor size, tumor location, and pulmonary function, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.51, issue.1, pp.62-68, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01621-2

D. Stoppa, L. Pancheri, M. Scandiuzzo, L. Gonzo, D. Betta et al., A cmos 3-d imager based on single photon avalanche diode. Circuits and Systems I : Regular Papers, IEEE Transactions on, vol.54, issue.1, pp.4-12, 2007.

I. Suramo, M. Päivänsalo, and V. Myllylä, Cranio-Caudal Movements of the Liver, Pancreas and Kidneys in Respiration, Acta Radiologica, vol.25, issue.2, p.129, 1984.
DOI : 10.1177/028418518402500208

T. Takahashi, Atlas of the Human Body, 1994.

S. Tarte, J. Mcclelland, S. Hughes, J. Blackall, D. Landau et al., A non-contact method for the acquisition of breathing signals that enable distinction between abdominal and thoracic breathing, 2006.

G. Thomas, Mixed reality techniques for tv and their application for on-set and pre-visualization in ?lm production, 2006.

A. Towle, Modern biology, 2000.

S. Vedam, P. Keall, V. Kini, H. Mostafavi, H. Shukla et al., Acquiring a four-dimensional computed tomography dataset using an external respiratory signal, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.48, issue.1, p.45, 2002.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/48/1/304

O. Wade, Movements of the thoracic cage and diaphragm in respiration*, The Journal of Physiology, vol.124, issue.2, pp.193-212, 1954.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.1954.sp005099

R. Wagman, E. Yorke, E. Ford, P. Giraud, G. Mageras et al., Respiratory gating for liver tumors: use in dose escalation, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.55, issue.3, pp.659-669, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)03941-X

H. Wang, A. Shiu, W. Congjun, J. O-'daniel, A. Mahajan et al., Dosimetric Effect of Translational and Rotational Errors for Patients Undergoing Image-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Spinal Metastases, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.71, issue.4, pp.711261-1271, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.02.074

S. Weinberg, S. Naidoo, D. Govier, R. Martin, A. Kane et al., Anthropometric Precision and Accuracy of Digital Three-Dimensional Photogrammetry, Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, vol.17, issue.3, pp.477-483, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/00001665-200605000-00015

P. H. Weiss, J. M. Baker, and E. J. Potchen, Assessment of hepatic respiratory excursion, Journal of Nuclear Medicine, vol.13, issue.10, pp.758-759, 1972.

R. Werner, B. White, H. Handels, W. Lu, and D. A. Low, Technical Note: Development of a tidal volume surrogate that replaces spirometry for physiological breathing monitoring in 4D CT, Medical Physics, vol.59, issue.2, p.615, 2010.
DOI : 10.1118/1.3284282

C. A. Weyer, K. Bae, K. Lim, and D. Lichti, Extensive metric performance evaluation of a 3d range camera, Int. Soc. Photogramm. Remote Sens, vol.37, pp.939-944, 2008.

J. W. Wong, M. B. Shapre, D. A. Jaffray, V. R. Kini, J. M. Robertson et al., The use of active breathing control (ABC) to reduce margin for breathing motion, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.44, issue.4, pp.44911-919, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00056-5

H. Wu, G. Sharp, B. Salzberg, D. Kaeli, H. Shirato et al., A finite state model for respiratory motion analysis in image guided radiationtherapy, Medical Physics, issue.8, pp.3122-74, 2004.

Q. J. Wu, D. Thongphiew, Z. Wang, V. Chankong, Y. et al., The impact of respiratory motion and treatment technique on stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver cancer, Medical Physics, vol.51, issue.4, p.1440, 2008.
DOI : 10.1118/1.1639993

Y. Wu, T. Kanade, J. Cohn, L. , and C. , Optical flow estimation using wavelet motion model, Computer Vision Sixth International Conference on, pp.992-998, 1998.

J. Xia and R. A. Siochi, : Proof of concept, Medical Physics, vol.3, issue.5, p.2682, 2012.
DOI : 10.1118/1.4704644

Z. Xu, R. Schwarte, H. Heinol, B. Buxbaum, R. et al., Smart pixel? photonic mixer device (pmd), Proc. Int. Conf. on Mechatron. & Machine Vision, pp.259-264, 1998.

Q. Yang, R. Yang, J. Davis, and D. Nistér, Spatial-Depth Super Resolution for Range Images, 2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.1-8, 2007.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPR.2007.383211

N. J. Yue, X. Li, S. Beriwal, D. E. Heron, M. R. Sontag et al., The intrafraction motion induced dosimetric impacts in breast 3D radiation treatment: A 4DCT based study, Medical Physics, vol.76, issue.14, p.2789, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.radonc.2005.07.009

R. Zeng, J. Fessler, and J. Balter, Respiratory motion estimation from slowly rotating x-ray projections: Theory and simulation, Medical Physics, vol.18, issue.4, pp.984-991, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/42.387702

R. Zeng, J. Fessler, and J. Balter, Estimating 3-D Respiratory Motion From Orbiting Views by Tomographic Image Registration, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol.26, issue.2, pp.153-163, 2007.
DOI : 10.1109/TMI.2006.889719

Q. Zhang, A. Pevsner, A. Hertanto, Y. Hu, K. Rosenzweig et al., A patient-specific respiratory model of anatomical motion for radiation treatment planning, Medical Physics, vol.33, issue.12, pp.4772-4781, 2007.
DOI : 10.1118/1.2361077

H. Zhao, B. Wang, P. Rassiah-szegedi, Y. Huang, V. Sarkar et al., SU-E-T-527: Comparison of CT-On-Rails and a 3D Surface Imaging System for Image Guided Partial Breast Radiation Therapy, Medical Physics, vol.38, issue.6, p.3610, 2011.
DOI : 10.1118/1.3612480

J. Zhu, L. Wang, R. Yang, J. E. Davis, and Z. Pan, Reliability fusion of timeof-flight depth and stereo geometry for high quality depth maps, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.33, issue.7, pp.1400-1414, 2011.