Les autres drainages importants sont: le Machángara et Río de las Monjas qui descendent de la Cordillère Occidentale ; la rivière Pita qui draine les volcans Cotopaxi, Rumiñahui ,
Subduction Deep Seismogenic Sources. Focal mechanism sources: CMT, Manchuel et al, 2003. ,
Ecuador DEM 30 m. Green line corresponds to main cordilleras direction (b) Earthquakes depth distribution, section width 30 km ,
Inverse and forward numerical modeling of trishear fault-propagation folds, Tectonics, vol.74, issue.4, pp.640-656, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1029/98TC01907
)b, Sistema Saquisilí-Poalo-Yambo, in Atlas de deformaciones cuaternarias de los Andes, pp.288-293, 2009. ,
Evolución geológica Cuarternaria y paleosismicidad de la Cuenca de Quito (Ecuador), p.380, 1996. ,
Etude de la sismicité d'un secteur de la marge équatorienne, à l'aide d'un réseau de stations sismologiques à terre et en mer, 2003. ,
Petrography and geochemistry of accreted oceanic fragments below the Western Cordillera of Ecuador, Geochemical Journal, vol.45, issue.1, pp.57-78, 2011. ,
The influence of active tectonics on the structural development and flank collapses of the Ecuadorian arc volcanoes, PhD These, 2009. ,
Estudio geo-vulcanológico del Complejo volcánico Pululahua, p.188, 2007. ,
Sur un méthode graphique de recherche des contraintes principales également utilisable en tectonique et en séismologie: la méthode des diedres droites, Bull.Soc.Geol.France, T XIX, issue.7, pp.1309-1318, 1977. ,
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.s7-xix.6.1309
The west andean thrust, the San Ramon fault, and the seismic hazard for, p.200710, 1029. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01288765
The geology and Mesozoic collisional history of the Cordillera Real, Ecuador, Tectonophysics, vol.205, issue.1-3, pp.187-204, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(92)90426-7
Deep-seated gravitational slope deformation along the active Boconó Fault in the central portion of the Merida Andes, pp.164-177, 2010. ,
Holocene and historical earthquakes on the Bocon?? fault system, southern Venezuelan Andes: Trench confirmation, Journal of Geodynamics, vol.24, issue.1-4, pp.155-167, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0264-3707(96)00037-3
Geomorphological markers of faulting and neotectonic activity along the western Andean margin, northern Chile, Journal of Quaternary Science, vol.132, issue.8, pp.681-694, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1002/jqs.787
Holocene recurrent explosive activity at Chimborazo volcano (Ecuador), Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.176, issue.1, pp.27-35, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.004
Plio-Quaternary volcanism in Ecuador, Plio- Quaternary volcanism in Ecuador, pp.1-14, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1098/rsta.1984.0014
The Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution of the 17, America, vol.92, pp.43-60, 1785. ,
End member models for Andean Plateau uplift, Earth-Science Reviews, vol.97, issue.1-4, pp.117-144, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.08.003
The Database of Individual Seismogenic Sources (DISS), version 3: Summarizing 20??years of research on Italy's earthquake geology, Tectonophysics, vol.453, issue.1-4, pp.20-43, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2007.04.014
Locations and magnitudes of historical earthquakes in the Sierra of Ecuador (1586-1996), Geophys, 2010. ,
Evolution géodynamique de la province cotiere sud-équatorienne au Crétacé supérieur-Tertiaire, Géologie Alpine, pp.3-163, 1995. ,
Codependent histories of the San Andrea and San Jacinto fault zones from inversión of fault displacements rates, Geology, pp.961-964, 1130. ,
Tectonique de chevauchement, surrection et incision fluviatile (Exemple de la Zone Subandine Equatorienne, Haut Bassin Amazoinen) Mémoire PhD, p.224, 2003. ,
Geomorphic evidence of active deformation and uplift in a modern continental wedge-top???foredeep transition: Example of the eastern Ecuadorian Andes, Tectonophysics, vol.399, issue.1-4, pp.351-380, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.030
Oblique plate convergence and interseismic strain accumulation, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, vol.140, issue.8, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000GC000125
Consecuencias económicas y sociales a nivel local, dans: Los Terremotos del Ecuador del 5 de marzo de 1987, deslizamientos y sus efectos socioeconómicos, M. Hall coordinateur, Estudios de Geografía, vol.5, pp.91-109, 2000. ,
Modélisation numérique des Andes d'Equateur : des accrétions océaniques à la déformation continentale (80-0 Ma) Mémoire DEA, p.35, 2003. ,
Variabilités temporelle et spatiale des averses en milieu andin : exemple de la ville de Quito (Equateur) In: Revue de géographie alpine, pp.51-65, 1999. ,
Interpreting the past radiocarbon dating, British Museum, p.64, 1990. ,
Clay mineralogy of the soils in the south Ecuadorian p??ramo region, Geoderma, vol.127, issue.1-2, pp.114-129, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.11.021
Nonlinear variations of the physical properties along the southern Ecuador subduction channel: Results from depth-migrated seismic data, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.267, issue.3-4, pp.453-467, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.11.061
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407861
Estudio del origen del enjambre sísmico de la zona norte de la ciudad de Quito, pp.1998-99, 2001. ,
Range and effectiveness of unspiked potassium?argon dating: experimental groundwork and applications, Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy, pp.159-179, 1982. ,
First paleoseismological constraints on the strongest earthquake in France (Provence) in the twentieth century, First paleoseismological constraints on the strongest earthquake in France (Provence) in the twentieth century, pp.901-904, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1130/G21713.1
Fault-propagation folds above thrusts witn constant dip, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.127, pp.903-910, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(90)90063-5
Abstract, A Younger Dryas icecap in the Equatorial Andes, pp.13-28, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1038/377485a0
The Quaternary glacial sequence in Ecuador: a reinterpretation of the work of Walter Sauer, Journal of Quaternary Science, vol.32, issue.1, pp.45-56, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1002/jqs.3390010106
The South Ecuador subduction channel: Evidence for a dynamic mega-shear zone from 2D fine-scale seismic reflection imaging and implications for material transfer, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.25, issue.B8, pp.1110210-1029, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2004TC001723
Vision general de la morfologia submarina del margen convergente del Ecuador- Sur de Colombia: implicaciones sobre la transferencia de masa y la edad de la subduccion de la Cordillera de Carnegie, Geología y geofísica marina y terrestre del Ecuador: desde la costa continental hasta las Islas Galápagos, pp.47-74, 2009. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00456890
Origin of a crustal splay fault and its relation to the seismogenic zone and underplating at the erosional north Ecuador???south Colombia oceanic margin, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.108, issue.7, pp.12-10210, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008JB005691
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00408245
Are rupture zone limits of great subduction earthquakes controlled by upper plate structure? Evidence from multichannel seismic reflection data acquired across the northern Ecuadorsouthwest Colombia margin, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.109, pp.10-1029, 2004. ,
Geomorphology as a Tool for Analysis of Seismogenic Sources in Latin America and the Caribbean, Natural Hazards and Human-Exacerbated Disasters in Latin America Edited by : Edgardo M. Latrubesse, pp.1-510, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0928-2025(08)10002-5
Surficial Geology,-Building with the Earth, 1981. ,
Low Quaternary slip rate reconciles geodetic and geologic rates along the Altyn Tagh fault, northwestern Tibet, Geology, vol.37, issue.7, pp.647-650, 1130. ,
DOI : 10.1130/G25623A.1
Landslide types and processes Landslides: investigation and mitigation, pp.36-75, 1996. ,
Hyperpycnal river flows from an active mountain belt, Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, vol.274, issue.12, pp.4016-4026, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2004JF000244
Correlations between Nazca/Farallon Plate kinematics and forearc basin evolution in Ecuador, Tectonics, vol.77, issue.2, pp.769-790, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1029/TC008i004p00769
Geodinámica Plio-Cuaternaria de la Cuenca de Latacunga-Ambato, Callejón Interandino: sector entre Salcedo y Píllaro, p.176, 1990. ,
Morphotectonic evidence from lateral propagation of an active frontal fold; Pakuashan anticline, foothills of Taiwan, Geomorphology, vol.24, issue.4, pp.263-290, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-555X(98)00020-8
Enregistrements sédimentaire et structural de l'évolution géodynamique des Andes Equatoriennes au cours du Néogène: étude des basin d'avant-arc et bilans de masse, p.157, 2000. ,
Ouverture et évolution tectono -sédimentaire du golfe de Guayaquil: basin d'avant-arc Néogène, C.R. Acad.Sci.Paris, vol.328, pp.181-187, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/s1251-8050(99)80094-9
URL : http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010018142
Paleoseismology and Global Positioning System: Earthquake-cycle effects and geodetic versus geologic fault slip rates in the Eastern California shear zone, Geology, vol.31, issue.1, pp.31-55, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0055:PAGPSE>2.0.CO;2
Fan beheading and drainage diversion as evidence of a 3200-2800 BP earthquake event in the Esmeraldas-Tumaco seismic zone: A case study for the effects of great subduction earthquakes, Geomorphology, vol.74, issue.1-4, pp.100-123, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.07.011
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407594
)a, Morphological and microtectonic analysis of Quaternary deformation from Puná and Santa Clara Islands, pp.331-350, 2005. ,
Morphologic evidence of active motion of the Zambapala Fault, Gulf of Guayaquil (Ecuador), Geomorphology, vol.65, issue.3-4, pp.223-239, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.09.003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407432
Tectonic and lithologic controls on bedrock channel profiles and processes in coastal California, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.68, issue.9, pp.300210-1029, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2003JF000086
The 2002 Denali Fault Earthquake, Alaska: A Large Magnitude, Slip-Partitioned Event, The 2002 Denali Fault Earthquake: A Large Magnitude, Slip-Partitioned Event, pp.1113-1118, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.1082703
Pleistocene to Present North Andean ???escape???, Tectonophysics, vol.489, issue.1-4, pp.248-257, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.04.021
Quaternary state of stress in the Northern Andes and the restraining bend model for the Ecuadorian Andes, Quaternary state of stress in the Northern Andes and the restraining bend model for the Ecuadorian Andes, pp.101-116, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(95)00075-5
(1996)b, Do the Billecocha normal faults (Ecuador) reveal extension due to lithospheric body forces in the northern Andes ?, Tectonophysics, pp.255-273 ,
The Ecuadorian Inter-Andean Valley: a major and complex restraining bend and compressive graben since Late Miocene time, Annales Tectonicae, vol.X, issue.12, pp.31-59, 1996. ,
Accommodation de la convergence oblique dans une chaine de type cordilleraine: les Andes de Equateur, Mémoire PhD, p.209, 1995. ,
Is the Cauca-Patia and Romeral Fault System left or rightlateral?, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.31, issue.1, pp.33-36, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1029/94GL02837
Catálogo de terremotos del Ecuador 1541?, 2009. ,
El terremoto de Riobamba, Ediciones Abya-Yala, 2000. ,
Map and Database of Quaternary Faults and Folds in Ecuador and its Offshore Regions, A project of the International Lithosphere Program Task Group II-2, Major Active Faults of the World, 2003. ,
Global Seismicity : 1900-1999, International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A, pp.665-690, 2002. ,
Contribución de la investigación a la Gestión del Riesgo en el Quindío, Geología- Historia de los Desastres, 2010. ,
How does the Nazca Ridge subduction influence the modern Amazonian foreland basin?, Geology, vol.35, issue.6, pp.515-518, 1130. ,
DOI : 10.1130/G23237A.1
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00319690
Allochthonous terranes in the Andes of Ecuador and northwestern Peru, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, vol.24, issue.2, pp.266-278, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1139/e87-028
Quaternary tectonics in the central Interandean Valley, Ecuador : Fault-propagation folds, transfer faults and the Cotopaxi Volcano, Global and Planetary Change in press, 2011. ,
Segmentation of the Nazca and South American plates along the Ecuador subduction zone from wide angle seismic profiles, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.260, issue.3-4, pp.444-464, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.05.045
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ird-00194762
The Cassignol technique for potassium???Argon dating, precision and accuracy: Examples from the Late Pleistocene to Recent volcanics from southern Italy, Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, vol.59, pp.205-222, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0168-9622(86)90072-2
Deep structures of the Ecuador convergent margin and the Carnegie Ridge, possible consequence on great earthquakes recurrence interval, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.108, issue.5, p.460310, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2003GL018803
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407315
Stratigraphic evidence for seven meters of dextral slip on the San Andreas Fault during the 1857 earthquake in the Carrizo plain, Bull. Seism. Soc. America, vol.83, pp.619-635, 1993. ,
Weddellite occurrence in peats and other organicrich sediments of Florida, Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol.54, pp.861-868, 1984. ,
Tectonic segmentation of the North Andean margin: impact of the Carnegie Ridge collision, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.168, issue.3-4, pp.255-270, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00060-6
Ecuadorian Andes volcanism: A review of Late Pliocene to present activity, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.176, issue.1, pp.1-6, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.06.012
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00364407
The Chacana caldera complex in Ecuador, IOP Conf. Series. doi:10.1088, pp.1755-1307, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1088/1755-1307/3/1/012004
The rhyolitic???andesitic eruptive history of Cotopaxi volcano, Ecuador, Bulletin of Volcanology, vol.11, issue.12, pp.675-702, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s00445-007-0161-2
Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador: structure, eruptive history and hazards, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.91, issue.1, pp.1-21, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(99)00047-5
Recently active contractile deformation in the forearc of southern Peru, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.337, issue.338, pp.337-338, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.007
Tectonic geomorphology of the Red Rock fault, insights into segmentation and landscape evolution of a developing range front normal fault, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.27, issue.11, pp.1925-1939, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2005.07.005
Slab1.0: A three-dimensional model of global subduction zone geometries, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.72, issue.41, pp.10-1029, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1029/90EO00319
Late Glacial Climatic Fluctuations in Ecuador: Glacier Retreat during Younger Dryas Time, Arctic and Alpine Research, vol.28, issue.4, pp.496-501, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.2307/1551860
Tectonic evolution of the Cocos-Nazca spreading center, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.88, issue.10, pp.1404-1420, 1977. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1977)88<1404:TEOTCS>2.0.CO;2
Holocene liquefaction and soft-sediment deformation in Quito (Ecuador): A paleoseismic history recorded in lacustrine sediments, Journal of Geodynamics, vol.24, issue.1-4, pp.259-280, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0264-3707(97)00010-0
Geochemical and petrological constraints on rear-arc magma genesis processes in Ecuador: The Puyo cones and Mera lavas volcanic formations, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.176, issue.1, pp.107-118, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.023
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00346738
Amazonia Through Time: Andean Uplift, Climate Change, Landscape Evolution, and Biodiversity, Amazonia through time : Andean uplift, climate change, landscape evolution, and biodiversity, pp.927-931, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.1194585
EROSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STREAMS AND THEIR DRAINAGE BASINS; HYDROPHYSICAL APPROACH TO QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.56, issue.3, pp.275-370, 1945. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[275:EDOSAT]2.0.CO;2
Morphology, displacement, and slip rates along the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey. Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.1007, issue.10, 1029. ,
Cretaceous and Tertiary terrane accretion in the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes of Ecuador, Tectonophysics, vol.345, issue.1-4, pp.29-48, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00205-0
Mapa Geológico de la Cordillera Occidental entre 0° Y 1° S, ESCALA 1:200.000, British Geological Surveyy Corporación de Desarrollo e Investigación Geológico Minero-Metalúrgica. Ministerio de Energía y Minas, 1999. ,
Investigation of the relationships between basin morphology, tectonic uplift, and denudation from the study of an active fold belt in the Siwalik Hills, central Nepal, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.99, issue.B6, pp.779-791, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1998JB900098
Focal Mechanisms Data Base, 2012. ,
Climatic changes in the South American plains: Records of a continent-scale oscillation, Quaternary International, vol.57, issue.58, pp.93-112, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1040-6182(98)00053-6
Distribution of stresses in the descending lithosphere from a global survey of focal mechanism solutions of mantle earthquake, pp.103-174, 1971. ,
The structural evolution of active fault and fold systems in central Otago, New Zealand: evidence revealed by drainage patterns, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.18, issue.2-3, pp.217-234, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(96)80046-0
Accreted oceanic terranes in Ecuador: southern edge of the Caribbean Plate?, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.328, issue.1, pp.469-485, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1144/SP328.19
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00173873
Sedimentary record of terminal Cretaceous accretions in Ecuador: The Yunguilla Group in the Cuenca area, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.25, issue.2, pp.133-144, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsames.2007.08.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00128997
Stratigraphy of the late Cretaceous???Paleogene deposits of the cordillera occidental of central ecuador: geodynamic implications, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.17, issue.1, pp.49-58, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsames.2004.05.003
Andean geodynamics: main issues and contributions from the 4th ISAG, G??ttingen, Tectonophysics, vol.345, issue.1-4, pp.1-15, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00203-7
Origen de los depósitos volcánicos de la cuenca de Quito : implicación de la evolución del complejo Pichincha y del sistema de fallas de Quito, p.28, 2009. ,
Variable rupture mode of the subduction zone along the Ecuador-Colombia Coast, pp.1241-1253, 1982. ,
An elastic plate model for interseismic deformation in subduction zones, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.107, issue.B4, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2009JB006611
Insignificant isotropic component in the moment tensor of deep earthquakes, Nature, vol.351, issue.6321, pp.50-53, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1038/351050a0
Representative Styles of Deformation along the Chelungpu Fault from the 1999 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) Earthquake: Geomorphic Characteristics and Responses of Man-Made Structures, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol.91, issue.5, pp.930-952, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1785/0120000741
Investigation of active tectonics: Use of surficial earth processes, Active Tectonics: Studies in Geophysics (R. E. Wallace, Chairman), pp.136-147, 1986. ,
Geomorphic criteria to determine direction of lateral propagation of reverse faulting and folding, Geology, vol.27, issue.6, pp.515-518, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0515:GCTDDO>2.3.CO;2
Tectonic development of Panama, Costa Rica, and the Colombian Andes: Constraints from Global Positioning System geodetic studies and gravity, pp.75-90, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1130/SPE295-p75
The Nazca???South America Euler vector and its rate of change, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.16, issue.2, pp.125-131, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0895-9811(03)00028-2
Dextral shear, terrane accretion and basin formation in the Northern Andes: best explained by interaction with a Pacific-derived Caribbean Plate?, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.328, issue.1, pp.487-531, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1144/SP328.20
The nature and provenance of accreted oceanic terranes in western Ecuador: geochemical and tectonic constraints, Journal of the Geological Society, vol.159, issue.5, pp.577-594, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1144/0016-764901-151
Quantifying differential rock-uplift rates via stream profile analysis, Geology, vol.29, issue.5, pp.415-418, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0415:QDRURV>2.0.CO;2
Distribution of active rock uplift along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Inferences from bedrock channel longitudinal profiles, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.3, issue.B2, p.221710, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000JB000044
Analyse méthodologique pour la localisation de séismes dans la zone de Quito et corrélation avec les failles actives. Mémoire M1, p.33, 2011. ,
Cenozoic climate change as a possible cause for the rise of the Andes, Nature, vol.425, issue.6960, pp.792-797, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1038/nature02049
A Pliocene-Quaternary compressional basin in the Interandean Depression, Central Ecuador, Geophysical Journal International, vol.121, issue.1, pp.279-300, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb03527.x
New K???Ar age dates of Neogene and Quaternary volcanic rocks from the Ecuadorian Andes: Implications for the relationship between sedimentation, volcanism, and tectonics, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.5, issue.3-4, pp.309-3320, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0895-9811(92)90028-W
Geochemistry and tectonic setting of pre-collision Cretaceous and Paleogene volcanic rocks of Ecuador, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.99, issue.4, pp.569-578, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<569:GATSOP>2.0.CO;2
Slip vectors of the surface rupture of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, western Taiwan, Slip vectors of the surface rupture of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, western Taiwan, pp.1917-1931, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(03)00039-7
The 1999???2000 seismic experiment of Macas swarm (Ecuador) in relation with rift inversion in Subandean foothills, Tectonophysics, vol.395, issue.1-2, pp.67-80, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.09.008
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00323100
Stress tensor analysis of the 1998???1999 tectonic swarm of northern Quito related to the volcanic swarm of Guagua Pichincha volcano, Ecuador, Tectonophysics, vol.344, issue.1-2, pp.15-36, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00273-6
Earthquake Fault Scaling: Self-Consistent Relating of Rupture Length, Width, Average Displacement, and Moment Release, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol.100, issue.5A, 1971. ,
Accelerator mass spectrometry: The new revolution in radiocarbon dating, Quaternary International, vol.1, pp.1-6, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1016/1040-6182(89)90004-9
Evolution géodynamique d'un bassin d'avant-arc Néogène en contexte décrochant : L'ouverture du Golfe de, p.30, 1995. ,
Crustal shortening in the Andes: Why do GPS rates differ from geological rates?, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.23, issue.18, pp.30005-3008, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000GL008532
Structure and tectonic history of the eastern Panama Basin, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.89, issue.7, pp.981-999, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89<981:SATHOT>2.0.CO;2
Accreted fragments of the Late Cretaceous Caribbean???Colombian Plateau in Ecuador, Lithos, vol.66, issue.3-4, pp.173-199, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-4937(02)00218-9
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00101767
Evidence for self-similar, triangular slip distributions on earthquakes: Implications for earthquake and fault mechanics, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.91, issue.B5, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2004JB003174
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00109375
Colombia margin (1-4°N): Prominent influence of sedimentation rate in the trench, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.272, pp.296-308 ,
Introduction to Paleoseismology, Chapter, Paleoseismology International Geophysics, pp.10-1016, 2009. ,
Paleoseismology-2 nd edition, 2009. ,
Chapter 5 Paleoseismology of Compressional Tectonic Environments, Paleoseismology International Geophysics, pp.10-1016, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0074-6142(09)95005-7
Chapter 6 Paleoseismology of Strike???Slip Tectonic Environments, Paleoseismology International Geophysics, pp.74-614295005, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0074-6142(09)95006-9
Analog models of restraining stepovers in strike-slip fault systems, AAPG Bulletin, vol.85, issue.2, pp.233-260, 2001. ,
Mapa Geológico de la Cordillera Occidental entre 1° Y 2° S, ESCALA 1:200.000, British Geological Survey y Corporación de Desarrollo e Investigación Geológico Minero-Metalúrgica. Ministerio de Energía y Minas, 1997. ,
A seismic source zone model for the seismic hazard assessment of the Italian territory, Tectonophysics, vol.450, issue.1-4, pp.85-108, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2008.01.003
Seismicty associated with the great colombia-Ecuador earthquakes of 1942, 1958, and 1979 : implications for barrier models of earthquake rupture, pp.577-593, 1984. ,
Future trends in paleoseismology: Integrated study of the seismic landscape as a vital tool in seismic hazard analyses, Tectonophysics, vol.408, issue.1-4, pp.3-21, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2005.05.035
Major intracontinental strike-slip faults and contrasts in lithospheric strength, Geosphere, vol.6, issue.4, pp.444-467, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1130/GES00519.1
Nature, rupture and landscape, pp.612-614, 2003. ,
Predicting landscape-scale erosion rates using digital elevation models, Comptes Rendus Geoscience, vol.335, issue.16, pp.1121-1130, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.crte.2003.10.005
Reconsidering Himalayan river anticlines, Geomorphology, vol.82, issue.1-2, pp.4-15, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.08.021
Sangay volcano, Ecuador: structural development, present activity and petrology, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.90, issue.1-2, pp.49-79, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(99)00021-9
2010 Maule earthquake slip correlates with pre-seismic locking of Andean subduction zone, Nature, vol.88, issue.7312, pp.10-09349, 1038. ,
DOI : 10.1038/nature09349
The enormous Chillos Valley Lahar: an ash-flow-generated debris flow from Cotopaxi Volcano, Ecuador, Bulletin of Volcanology, vol.59, issue.4, pp.223-244, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s004450050188
Holocene climate variability and vegetation dynamics inferred from the (11700 cal. yr BP) Laguna Rabadilla de Vaca sediment record, southeastern Ecuadorian Andes. The Holocene 19, pp.307-316, 2009. ,
La transition entre Andes marginales et Andes cordilleraines a ophiolites. Evolution structural magmatique et sedimentaire du relais de Huancabamba, 1988. ,
Tertiary fission-track ages from the Bagua syncline (northern Peru): Stratigraphic and tectonic implications, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.4, issue.1-2, pp.61-71, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0895-9811(91)90018-G
Geodesia, geodinámica y ciclo sísmico en Ecuador, Geología y geofísica marina y terrestre del Ecuador: desde la costa continental hasta las Islas Galápagos, pp.83-95, 2009. ,
Slip rate of the Calico fault: Implications for geologic versus geodetic rate discrepancy in the Eastern California Shear Zone, J, 2007. ,
Seismic moment catalog of large shallow earthquakes, pp.1306-1349, 1900. ,
Map and Database of Quaternary Faults and Folds in Colombia and its Offshore Regions, A project of the International Lithosphere Program Task Group II-2, Major Active Faults of the World, 2000. ,
"Offsets of Late Quaternary morphology, rate of slip, and recurrence of large earthquakes on the Chang Ma Fault (Gansu, China)"", Offsets of late Quaternary morphology, rate of slip, and recurrence of large earthquakes on the Chang Ma fault, pp.7793-7812, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB093iB07p07793
Subduction of the Eastern Panama Basin and seismotectonics of northwestern South America, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.57, issue.Spec. Issue, pp.10753-10770, 1981. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB086iB11p10753
Structural analysis and interpretation of the surface deformations of the El Asnam Earthquake of October 10, 1980, Tectonics, vol.56, issue.3, pp.17-49, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.1029/TC002i001p00017
Tectonic evolution of the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean and northern South America in the mantle reference frame: an update, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.328, issue.1, pp.1-55, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1144/SP328.1
Fold evolution and drainage development in the Zagros mountains of Fars province, SE Iran, Basin Research, vol.84, issue.1, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1029/98EO00426
Deslizamientos submarinos a lo largo del margen convergente del Norte de Ecuador -Sur de Colombia, Geología y geofísica marina y terrestre del Ecuador: desde la costa continental hasta las Islas Galápagos, pp.75-82, 2009. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00497947
Oceanic plateau and island arcs of southwestern Ecuador: their place in the geodynamic evolution of northwestern South America, Tectonophysics, vol.307, issue.3-4, pp.235-254, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(99)00099-2
Slip rate and slip magnitudes of past earthquakes along the Bogd left-lateral strike-slip fault (Mongolia), Geophys, J.Int, vol.186, pp.897-927, 2011. ,
Late Holocene phases of dome growth and Plinian activity at Guagua Pichincha volcano (Ecuador), Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.176, issue.1, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.10.008
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00338754
Exhumation of the Northern Sub-Andean Zone of Ecuador and its Source Regions: A Combined Thermochronological and Heavy Mineral Approach, p.132, 2002. ,
Crustal thickness constraints on the geodynamic evolution of the Galapagos Volcanic Province, Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters, pp.12-821, 2003. ,
Quasi-periodic recurrence of large earthquakes on the southern San Andreas fault, Geology, vol.38, issue.6, pp.555-558, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1130/G30746.1
Geomorphic constraints on surface uplift, exhumation, and plateau growth in the Red River region, GSA Bulletin, vol.1168, issue.7, pp.895-909, 2004. ,
Active tectonics and alluvial rivers, p.277, 2000. ,
Breve análisis de la sismicidad y del campo de esfuerzos en el Ecuador, Geología y geofísica marina y terrestre del Ecuador: desde la costa continental hasta las Islas Galápagos, pp.131-150, 2009. ,
Análisis espacio-temporal del Enjambre de Puerto López entre enero y febrero de 2005 con observaciones de la estación de banda ancha de OTAVALO, 2009. ,
New Findings on the 1958 Las Melosas Earthquake Sequence, Central Chile: Implications for Seismic Hazard Related to Shallow Crustal Earthquakes in Subduction Zones, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, vol.218, issue.3, pp.432-455, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0895-9811(98)00012-1
Near-Field Investigations of the Landers Earthquake Sequence, April to July 1992, Near-field investigations of the Landers earthquake sequence, pp.171-176, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.260.5105.171
El Movimiento Sísmico del 12 de Diciembre de 1953, Anales del Primer Congreso Nacional de Geología, pp.225-238, 1957. ,
The timing and magnitude of mountain glaciation in the tropical Andes, Journal of Quaternary Science, vol.23, issue.D4, pp.6-7, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2004GL020654
Tectónica activa y riesgo sísmico en los Andes Ecuatorianos y el extremo sur de Colombia, Bol. Geol. Ecuat, vol.2, issue.1, pp.3-11, 1991. ,
Tectónica Activa y Riesgo Sísmico, Proyecto UNDRO-EPN, informe técnico inédito, p.10, 1988. ,
República del Ecuador : modelo numérico del relieve, escala 1:1000000, Edition IGM, 2001. ,
Syn- and post-accretionary cooling history of the Ecuadorian Andes constrained by their in-situ and detrital thermochronometric record, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.30, issue.3-4, pp.121-133, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsames.2010.04.002
Thermochronology of allochthonous terranes in Ecuador: Unravelling the accretionary and post-accretionary history of the Northern Andes, Thermochronology of allochthonous terranes in Ecuador : Unravelling the accretionary and post-accretionary history of the Northern Andes, pp.195-220, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.023
(U???Th)/He thermochronometric constraints on the late Miocene???Pliocene tectonic development of the northern Cordillera Real and the Interandean Depression, Ecuador, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.17, issue.4, pp.239-251, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsames.2004.07.001
Along-strike variations in the thermal and tectonic response of the continental Ecuadorian Andes to the collision with heterogeneous oceanic crust, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.186, issue.1, pp.57-73, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00225-4
Low-temperature thermochronology of the northern Cordillera Real, Ecuador: Tectonic insights from zircon and apatite fission track analysis, Tectonics, vol.122, issue.2, pp.619-668, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000TC900010
Subduction of the Nazca Plate under Peru as evidenced by focal mechanisms and by seismicity, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.80, issue.8, pp.1053-1064, 1975. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB080i008p01053
Neogene tectonic evolution and exhumation of the southern Ecuadorian Andes: a combined stratigraphy and fission-track approach, Tectonophysics, vol.307, issue.3-4, pp.255-276, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(99)00100-6
National seismic hazard model for New Zealand: 2010 update, pp.1514-1542, 1785. ,
A New Seismic Hazard Model for New Zealand, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol.92, issue.5, pp.1878-1903, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1785/0120010156
HYPSOMETRIC (AREA-ALTITUDE) ANALYSIS OF EROSIONAL TOPOGRAPHY, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.63, issue.11, pp.1117-1142, 1952. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1952)63[1117:HAAOET]2.0.CO;2
Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, vol.67, issue.6, pp.913-920, 1957. ,
DOI : 10.1029/TR038i006p00913
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS APPLIED TO FLUVIALLY ERODED LANDFORMS, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.69, issue.3, pp.279-300, 1958. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1958)69[279:DAATFE]2.0.CO;2
) for the Italian building code, Seismic hazard assessment, pp.1885-1911, 2003. ,
Characterization of topographic steady state in Taiwan, Characterization of topographic steady state in Taiwan, pp.421-431, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.045
Seismicity, fault plane solutions, depth of faulting, and active tectonics of the Andes of Peru, Ecuador, and southern Colombia, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.88, issue.2, pp.403-1010, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB088iB12p10403
Geometry and kinematics of a fault-propagation folding, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, p.83, 1990. ,
Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding, American Journal of Science, vol.283, issue.7, pp.684-721, 1983. ,
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.283.7.684
Historical 1942 Ecuador and 1942 Peru subduction earthquakes and earthquake cycles along Colombia-Ecuador and Peru subduction segments, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, vol.36, issue.2, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF00876670
Long-term slip rates and characteristic slip: keys to active fault behaviour and earthquake hazard, Comptes Rendus de l'Acad??mie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science, vol.333, issue.9, pp.483-494, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01668-8
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00110812
Source mechanism of earthquakes in Peru, Journal of Seismology, vol.5, issue.4, pp.519-539, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1023/A:1012027430555
Late Quaternary kinematics, slip-rate and segmentation of a major Cordillera-parallel transcurrent fault: The Cayambe-Afiladores-Sibundoy system, NW South America, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.29, issue.4, pp.664-680, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2006.11.008
Morphometry of late Pleistocene-Holocene faulting and volcanotectonic relationship in the southern Andes of Colombia, Tectonics, vol.8, issue.2, pp.358-377, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999TC900063
Landslides triggered by earthquakes and their relations with faults and mountain slope geometry: an example from Ecuador, Geomorphology, vol.11, issue.3, pp.215-226, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0169-555X(94)00060-5
Latest Pleistocene-Holocene tectonics of the Ecuadorian Andes, Andean Geodynamics. Tectonophysics, pp.109-125, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(92)90421-2
Enregistrement des surrections liées aux accrétions de terrains océaniques: Les sédiments crétacé -paléogènes des Andes d'Equateur, Géologie Alpine, Memoire H.S. No, vol.47, p.235, 2007. ,
Wide plate margin deformation, southern Central America and northwestern South America, CASA GPS observations, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.15, issue.2, pp.157-171, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0895-9811(02)00018-4
Neogene and Quaternary history of vegetation, climate, and plant diversity in Amazonia, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.19, issue.8, pp.725-742, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00024-4
The current tectonic motion of the Northern Andes along the Algeciras Fault System in SW Colombia, Tectonophysics, vol.399, issue.1-4, pp.313-329, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.028
Evolución geológica Plio-Cuaternaria del Valle Interandino central en Ecuador (zona de Quito-Guayllabamba-San Antonio), Eng. Thesis Escuela Politécnica Nacional-Facultad de Geología, p.133, 2003. ,
Climate Variability in the Andes of Ecuador and Its Relation to Tropical Pacific and Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies, Journal of Climate, vol.13, issue.14, pp.2520-2535, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<2520:CVITAO>2.0.CO;2
Offset rivers, drainage spacing and the record of strike-slip faulting: The Kuh Banan Fault, Iran, Tectonophysics, vol.530, issue.531, pp.530-531, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2012.01.001
Holocene slip-rate on the Gowk strike-slip fault and implications for the distribution of tectonic strain in eastern Iran, Geophysical Journal International, vol.181, issue.1, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04538.x
Wrightwood and the earthquake cycle: What a long recurrence record tells us about how faults work, GSA Today, vol.14, issue.9, pp.4-10, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1130/1052-5173(2004)014<4:WATECW>2.0.CO;2
New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement, Bull. Seism. Soc. America, vol.84, pp.974-1002, 1994. ,
Possibility of Biases in the Estimation of Earthquake Recurrence and Seismic Hazard from Geologic Data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol.100, issue.5A, pp.2287-2292, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1785/0120090370
The San Andreas and Walker Lane fault systems, western North America: transpression, transtension, cumulative slip and the structural evolution of a major transform plate boundary, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.27, issue.8, pp.1505-1512, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2005.01.015
Earthquakes, quaternary faults, and seismic hazard in California, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.92, issue.2 and 3, pp.12587-12631, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB091iB12p12587
New tools for quantitative geomorphology : Estraction and interpretation of stream profiles from digital topographic data, p.26, 2007. ,
BEDROCK RIVERS AND THE GEOMORPHOLOGY OF ACTIVE OROGENS, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol.32, issue.1, pp.151-185, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.earth.32.101802.120356
Dynamics of the stream-power river incision model: Implications for height limits of mountain ranges, landscape response timescales, and research needs, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.22, issue.46, pp.17661-17674, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999JB900120
Recent crustal deformation and the earthquake cycle along the Ecuador-Colombia subduction zone, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, pp.231-242, 2003. ,
The Chota basin and its significance for the inception and tectonic setting of the inter-Andean depression in Ecuador, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, vol.19, issue.1, pp.5-10, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsames.2004.06.006
Late Quaternary kinematics of the Pallatanga strike-slip fault (Central Ecuador) from topographic measurements of displaced morphological features, Geophysical Journal International, vol.115, issue.3, pp.905-920, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1993.tb01500.x
Forearc basin formation in the tectonic wake of a collision-driven, coastwise migrating crustal block: The example of the North Andean block and the extensional Gulf of Guayaquil-Tumbes Basin (Ecuador-Peru border area), Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.122, issue.1-2, pp.89-108, 1130. ,
DOI : 10.1130/B26386.1
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00460122
Implications of fault slip rates and earthquake recurrence models to probabilistic seismic hazard estimates, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, vol.23, issue.4, pp.939-964, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0148-9062(86)90651-0
Mapa Geológico de la República del Ecuador, escala 1: 1.000.000, 1993. ,
Vous trouverez ci-après les résultats des mesures de concentration en 14 C des échantillons de sédiments de Laurence Audin ,
HCl 0.5N pendant 1 heure à 80°C) est appliqué sur les sédiments pour ne pas perdre les échantillons dans la solution basique (%COT<1%) ,
Des quantités différentes selon la nature de l'échantillon sont prélevées afin d'obtenir, après combustion, un volume de CO2 contenant environ 1 mg de C. L'échantillon est brûlé en présence d'environ 500 mg d ,
La quantité de fer est égale à 3 fois la quantité de carbone. Le carbone se dépose sur la poudre de fer et l'ensemble est ensuite pressé dans une cible, Appendix Maximum magnitude estimations after Leonard, 2010. ,