C. Antunez, N. Blanca-lopez, and M. J. Torres, Immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins: Evaluation of cross-reactivity with a panel of penicillins and cephalosporins, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol.117, issue.2, pp.404-414, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.10.032

C. Antunez, E. Martin, and J. A. Cornejo-garcia, Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions to Penicillins and Other Betalactams, Current Pharmaceutical Design, vol.12, issue.26, pp.3327-3360, 2006.
DOI : 10.2174/138161206778194042

R. Apaydin, N. Bilen, and S. Dökmeci, Drug eruptions: a study including all inpatients and outpatients at a dermatology clinic of a university hospital, Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, vol.14, issue.6, pp.14-518, 2000.
DOI : 10.1001/archderm.130.5.627

B. A. Baldo, Diagnosis of allergy to penicillins and cephalosporins ? structural and immunochemical considerations, ACI International, pp.12-17, 2000.

R. Banerjee, K. Das, and R. Ravishankar, Conformation, protein-carbohydrate interactions and a novel subunit association in the refined structure of peanut lectinlactose complex, J Mol Biol, issue.2, pp.259281-96, 1996.

P. A. Bates, L. A. Kelley, and R. M. Maccallum, Enhancement of protein modeling by human intervention in applying the automatic programs 3DJIGSAW and 3DPSSM, Proteins, pp.4539-4585, 2001.

A. D. Becke, D. Salahub, and M. Zerner, Density Functional Theories in Quantum Chemistry, ACS symp Series, vol.394, p.165, 1989.
DOI : 10.1021/bk-1989-0394.ch012

A. D. Becke, D. Salahub, and M. Zerner, Density Functional Theories in Quantum Chemistry, ACS symp. Series, vol.394, p.165, 1989.
DOI : 10.1021/bk-1989-0394.ch012

J. Benveniste, Hypersensibilité immediate " , l'Allergologie

H. Bian and J. Hammer, Discovery of promiscuous HLA-II-restricted T cell epitopes with TEPITOPE, Methods, vol.34, issue.4, pp.468-75, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ymeth.2004.06.002

M. Bigby, Rates of cutaneous reactions to drugs, Arch Dermatol, vol.137, issue.6, pp.765-70, 2001.

J. Birnbaum and D. Verloet, Allergie aux p??nicillines, Revue Fran??aise d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique, vol.37, issue.1, pp.29-35, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0335-7457(97)80206-7

R. S. Bohacek and C. Mcmartin, Definition and display of steric, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding properties of ligand binding sites in proteins using Lee and Richards accessible surface: validation of a high-resolution graphical tool for drug design, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.35, issue.10, pp.1671-84, 1992.
DOI : 10.1021/jm00088a002

H. J. Bohm, LUDI: rule-based automatic design of new substituents for enzyme inhibitor leads, Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, vol.154, issue.6, pp.593-606, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00126217

H. J. Bohm and G. Klebe, What Can We Learn from Molecular Recognition in Protein???Ligand Complexes for the Design of New Drugs?, Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, vol.35, issue.22, pp.2588-2614, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.199625881

S. Bolland, R. N. Pearse, and T. Kurosaki, SHIP Modulates Immune Receptor Responses by Regulating Membrane Association of Btk, Immunity, vol.8, issue.4, pp.509-525, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80555-5

A. J. Bordner and H. D. Mittelmann, MultiRTA: A simple yet reliable method for predicting peptide binding affinities for multiple class II MHC allotypes, BMC Bioinformatics, vol.11, issue.1, p.482, 2010.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2105-11-482

P. J. Bousquet, V. Kvedariene, and H. B. Co-minh, Clinical presentation and time course in hypersensitivity reactions to ?-lactams, Allergy, vol.167, issue.8, pp.872-876, 2007.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020078

J. Bousquet, M. Breitenbach, and S. Dreborg, Diagnosis of allergy and specific immunotherapy using recombinant allergens and epitopes, Mol. Biol. Immunol. Allergens, pp.311-331, 1993.

M. J. Bower, F. E. Cohen, and R. L. Dunbrack, Prediction of protein side-chain rotamers from a backbone-dependent rotamer library: a new homology modeling tool, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.267, issue.5, pp.2671268-82, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/jmbi.1997.0926

J. S. Bradley, J. Garau, and H. Lode, Carbapenems in clinical practice: a guide to their use in serious infection, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol.11, issue.2, pp.93-100, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-8579(98)00094-6

M. Britschgi, U. C. Steiner, and S. Schmid, T-cell involvement in drug-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.107, issue.11, pp.107-1433, 2001.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI12118

. Brooks, CHARMM: A program for macromolecular energy, minimization, and dynamics calculations, Journal of Computational Chemistry, vol.I, issue.2, pp.187-217, 1983.
DOI : 10.1002/jcc.540040211

J. R. Brown, Structural origins of mammalian albumin, Fed. Proc, vol.35, pp.2141-2145, 1976.

J. R. Brown and P. Shockley, Serum albumin: structure and characterization of its ligand binding sites, Lipid-Protein Interact, pp.1-25, 1982.

F. A. Castelli, D. Houitte, and G. Munier, T-cell response to HIV Tat and Vpr proteins is provided by clustered and disperse epitopes, respectively, European Journal of Immunology, vol.31, issue.10, pp.2821-2831, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/eji.200738072
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00334819

V. W. Chan, C. A. Lowell, and A. L. Defranco, Defective negative regulation of antigen receptor signaling in Lyn-deficient B lymphocytes, Current Biology, vol.8, issue.10, pp.8545-53, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70223-4

J. A. Chemelle, R. Terreux, A. Rozières, and J. F. Nicolas, Abstract of congress, 2006.

C. Chipot and P. A. Kollman, Alternative approaches to potential of mean force calculations: Free energy perturbation versus thermodynamic integration. Case study of some representative nonpolar interactions, Journal of Computational Chemistry, vol.84, issue.9, pp.1112-1143, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(19960715)17:9<1112::AID-JCC4>3.0.CO;2-V

C. Chothia and A. M. Lesk, The relation between the divergence of sequence and structure in proteins, The EMBO Journal, vol.5, issue.4, p.823, 1986.

B. Cochlovius, M. Stassar, and O. Christ, In Vitro and In Vivo Induction of a Th Cell Response Toward Peptides of the Melanoma-Associated Glycoprotein 100 Protein Selected by the TEPITOPE Program, The Journal of Immunology, vol.165, issue.8, pp.1654731-1654772, 2000.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.165.8.4731

C. Combet, M. Jambon, and G. Deleage, Geno3D: automatic comparative molecular modelling of protein, Bioinformatics, vol.18, issue.1, p.182134, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.1.213
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00313011

R. E. Cone, X. Li, and R. Sharafieh, « The suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity by CD8+ regulatory cells requires interferon-gamma, Immunology, vol.120, issue.1, pp.112-121, 2007.

W. D. Cornell, P. Cieplack, C. I. Bayly, and I. R. Gould, A Second Generation Force Field for the Simulation of Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Organic Molecules, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.117, issue.19, pp.5179-5197, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00124a002

W. D. Cornell, P. Cieplack, and C. I. Bayly, A Second Generation Force Field for the Simulation of Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Organic Molecules, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.117, issue.19, pp.5179-5197, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00124a002

R. D. Clark, A. Strizhev, and J. M. Leonard, Consensus scoring for ligand/protein interactions, Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, vol.20, issue.4, p.281, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1093-3263(01)00125-5

D. Silva, E. Rousseau, C. Zanella-cleon, and I. , Mass Spectrometric Determination of Association Constants of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) with para-Sulphonato-Calix[n]arene Derivatives, Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, vol.261, issue.37, pp.53-59, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s10847-005-3995-2

P. Demoly, D. Messaad, and S. Benahmed, Immunoallergic reactions of drug origin: epidemiologic and clinical data, Therapie, vol.55, issue.1, pp.13-22, 2000.

S. Depil, O. Moralès, and F. A. Castelli, « Determination of a HLA II promiscuous peptide cocktail as potential vaccine against EBV latency II malignancie, J Immunother, issue.2, pp.30215-30241, 2007.

M. S. Dewar, E. G. Zoebish, E. F. Healy, and J. J. Stewart, Development and use of quantum mechanical molecular models. 76. AM1: a new general purpose quantum mechanical molecular model, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.107, issue.13, p.3902, 1985.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00299a024

B. L. Dubois, L. Chapat, and A. Goubier, CD4+CD25+ T cells as key regulators of immune responses, Eur J Dermatol, issue.2, pp.13-111, 2003.

B. L. Dubois, L. Chapat, and A. Goubier, Innate CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells are required for oral tolerance and inhibition of CD8+ T cells mediating skin inflammation, Blood, vol.102, issue.9, pp.1023295-301, 2003.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2003-03-0727

A. Dugaiczyk, S. W. Law, and O. E. Dennison, Nucleotide sequence and the encoded amino acids of human serum albumin mRNA., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.79, issue.1, pp.71-75, 1982.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.79.1.71

J. V. Duncia, A. T. Chiu, and D. J. Carini, The discovery of potent nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists: a new class of potent antihypertensives, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.33, issue.5, pp.1312-1329, 1990.
DOI : 10.1021/jm00167a007

A. Fiser and A. Sali, Modeller: Generation and Refinement of Homology-Based Protein Structure Models, Methods Enzymol, vol.374, p.46191, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(03)74020-8

D. N. Fish and T. J. Singletary, Meropenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic, Pharmacotherapy, vol.17, issue.4, pp.644-69, 1997.

C. Geourjon, C. Combet, and C. Blanchet, Identification of related proteins with weak sequence identity using secondary structure information, Protein Science, vol.10, issue.4, pp.788-97, 2001.
DOI : 10.1110/ps.30001
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00313749

R. C. Glen, G. R. Martin, and P. A. Hill, Computer-aided design and synthesis of 5- substituted tryptamines and their pharmacology at the 5-HT1D receptor: Discovery of compounds with potential anti-migraine properties, J Med Chem, vol.38, pp.3566-80, 1995.

E. R. Gomes and P. Demoly, Epidemiology of hypersensitivity drug reactions, Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol.5, issue.4, pp.309-325, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/01.all.0000173785.81024.33

E. Gordon, N. Mouz, and E. Duee, The crystal structure of the penicillin-binding protein 2x from Streptococcus pneumoniae and its acyl-enzyme form: implication in drug resistance, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.299, issue.2, pp.299477-485, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3740

L. Guglielmi and P. Demoly, Polymorphismes g??n??tiques et allergies m??dicamenteuses, Revue Fran??aise d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique, vol.45, issue.3, pp.214-217, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.allerg.2005.02.013

M. A. Hahn, Receptor Surface Models. 1. Definition and Construction, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.38, issue.12, pp.2080-90, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/jm00012a007

M. A. Hahn and D. Rogers, Receptor Surface Models. 2. Application to Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships Studies, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.38, issue.12, pp.2091-2102, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/jm00012a008

W. C. Hellinger and S. B. Nelson, Carbapenems and Monobactams: Imipenem, Meropenem, and Aztreonam, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, vol.74, issue.4, pp.420-434, 1999.
DOI : 10.4065/74.4.420

J. Hennecke, A. Carfi, and D. C. Wiley, Structure of a covalently stabilized complex of a human alphabeta T-cell receptor, influenza HA peptide and MHC class II molecule, HLA-DR1, The EMBO Journal, vol.19, issue.21, pp.195611-195635, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/19.21.5611

M. J. Hwang, X. Ni, M. Waldman, and C. S. Ewig, Derivation of Class II Force Fields

O. Ivanciuc, T. Ivanciuc, and D. Cabrol-bass, Comparison of Weighting Schemes for Molecular Graph Descriptors:??? Application in Quantitative Structure???Retention Relationship Models for Alkylphenols in Gas???Liquid Chromatography, Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences, vol.40, issue.3, pp.40-732, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/ci990129w

O. Ivanciuc, T. Ivanciuc, and D. Cabrol-bass, Evaluation in Quantitative Structure???Property Relationship Models of Structural Descriptors Derived from Information-Theory Operators, Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences, vol.40, issue.3, pp.40-631, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/ci9900884

M. Jambon, Un système bioinformatique de recherche de similitudes fonctionnelles dans les structures 3D de protéines, Thèse, 2003.

M. Jambon, O. Andrieu, and C. Combet, The SuMo server: 3D search for protein functional sites, Bioinformatics, vol.21, issue.20, pp.3929-3959, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti645
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00313736

M. Jambon, A. Imberty, and G. Deléage, A new bioinformatic approach to detect common 3D sites in protein structures, Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, vol.228, issue.Suppl, pp.52137-52182, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/prot.10339
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00306913

S. G. Johansson, J. O. Hourihane, and J. Bousquet, A revised nomenclature for allergy: An EAACI position statement from the EAACI nomenclature task force, Allergy, vol.55, issue.206, pp.813-837, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2001.00002.x-i1

A. Juchet, F. Rance, and F. Bremont, « Exploration de l'allergie aux bêta-lactamines chez 45 enfants, Rev Fr Allergol, issue.5, pp.34369-375, 1994.

A. Kashima, Y. Inoue, and S. Sugio, X-ray crystal structure of a dipeptide-chymotrypsin complex in an inhibitory interaction, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.255, issue.1, pp.25512-25535, 1998.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2550012.x

P. Koehl and M. Delarue, Application of a Self-consistent Mean Field Theory to Predict Protein Side-chains Conformation and Estimate Their Conformational Entropy, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.239, issue.2, pp.239249-75, 1994.
DOI : 10.1006/jmbi.1994.1366

P. A. Kollman, Free energy calculations: Applications to chemical and biochemical phenomena, Chemical Reviews, vol.93, issue.7, pp.932395-2417, 1993.
DOI : 10.1021/cr00023a004

E. Krieger, J. E. Nielsen, and C. A. Spronk, Fast empirical pKa prediction by Ewald summation, Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, vol.25, issue.4, pp.25481-25487, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmgm.2006.02.009

R. T. Kroemer and P. Hecht, Replacement of steric 6?12 potential-derived interaction energies by atom-based indicator variables in CoMFA leads to models of higher consistency, Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, vol.16, issue.3
DOI : 10.1007/BF00124452

E. S. Kyachko and E. Ludena, Density Functional Theory of many electron system, 1990.

P. J. Lachmann, Classification of allergic reactions responsible for clinical hypersensitivity and disease, clinical aspects of immunology, Blackwell, 1975.

P. Lafaye and C. Lapresles, Fixation of penicilloyl groups to albumin and appearance of anti-penicilloyl antibodies in penicillin-treated patients., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.82, issue.1, pp.7-12, 1988.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI113603

K. Landsteiner, The Specificity of Serological Reactions, 1962.

J. P. Lepoittevin, Metabolism versus chemical transformation or pro- versus prehaptens?, Contact Dermatitis, vol.66, issue.2, pp.73-77, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00605.x

M. Levitt, Accurate modeling of protein conformation by automatic segment matching, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.226, issue.2, pp.507-540, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90964-L

R. Y. Lin, A Perspective on Penicillin Allergy, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.152, issue.5, pp.930-937, 1992.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.1992.00400170020005

U. K. Liyanage, T. Moore, and H. G. Joo, « Prevalence of regulatory Tcells is increased in peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment of patients with pancreas or breast adenocarcinoma, J Immunol, issue.5, pp.169-2756, 2002.

L. Lu, J. Vollmer, and C. Moulon, « Components of the ligand for Ni++ reactive human T cell clon », J Exp Med, issue.5, pp.197-567, 2003.

M. Jr, An all-atom empirical energy function for the simulation of nucleic acids, J Am Chem Soc, vol.117, pp.11946-11975, 1995.

B. Malissen and M. Malissen, Functions of TCR and pre-TCR subunits: lessons from gene ablation, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.8, issue.3, pp.383-93, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0952-7915(96)80129-4

J. R. Maple, M. J. Hwang, and K. J. Jalkanen, Derivation of Class II Force Fields

A. Miranker and M. Karplus, Functionality maps of binding sites: A multiple copy simultaneous search method, Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics, vol.81, issue.1, pp.29-34, 1991.
DOI : 10.1002/prot.340110104

S. Miyake and T. Yamamura, NKT Cells and Autoimmune Diseases: Unraveling the Complexity, Curr Top Microbiol Immunol, vol.314, pp.251-67, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-69511-0_10

D. J. Naisbitt, S. F. Gordon, and M. Pirmohamed, Immunological Principles of Adverse Drug Reactions, Drug Safety, vol.282, issue.6, pp.23-483, 2000.
DOI : 10.2165/00002018-200023060-00002

M. Nielsen, O. Lund, and S. Buus, MHC Class II epitope predictive algorithms, MHC class II epitope predictive algorithms, pp.319-347, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2010.03268.x
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913211

S. Nigen, S. R. Knowles, and N. H. Shear, Drug eruptions: approaching the diagnosis of druginduced skin diseases, J Drugs Dermatol, issue.23, pp.278-99, 2003.

E. Padovan, T. Bauer, and M. M. Tonigio, «Penicilloyl peptides are recognized as Tcell antigenic determinants in penicillin allergy», Eur J Immunol, issue.6, pp.27-1303, 1997.

K. Park, M. Pirmohamed, and N. R. Kitteringham, Role of Drug Disposition in Drug Hypersensitivity:?? A Chemical, Molecular, and Clinical Perspective, Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol.11, issue.9, pp.11-969, 1998.
DOI : 10.1021/tx980058f

M. A. Park and J. T. Li, Diagnosis and Management of Penicillin Allergy, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, vol.80, issue.3, pp.405-410, 2005.
DOI : 10.4065/80.3.405

R. G. Parr and W. Yang, Density Functional Theory of Atoms and Molecules, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-009-9027-2_2

D. A. Pearlman, D. A. Case, and J. W. Caldwell, AMBER, a package of computer programs for applying molecular mechanics, normal mode analysis, molecular dynamics and free energy calculations to simulate the structural and energetic properties of molecules, Computer Physics Communications, vol.91, issue.1-3, pp.1-41, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00041-D

D. A. Pearlman and P. A. Kollman, The lag between the Hamiltonian and the system configuration in free energy perturbation calculations, The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol.91, issue.12, pp.7831-7870, 1989.
DOI : 10.1063/1.457251

Z. Peng, C. S. Ewig, M. J. Hwang, and M. Waldman, Derivation of Class II Force Fields

Z. Peng, C. S. Ewig, M. Hwang, M. Waldman, and A. Hagler, Derivation of Class II Force Fields. 4. van der Waals Parameters of Alkali Metal Cations and Halide Anions, The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, vol.101, issue.39, 1997.
DOI : 10.1021/jp964080y

J. P. Perdew, K. Burke, and Y. Wang, Generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation hole of a many-electron system, Physical Review B, vol.54, issue.23, pp.16533-16572, 1996.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.16533

D. Petrey, Z. Xiang, and C. L. Tang, « Using multiple structure alignments, fast model building, and energetic analysis in fold recognition and homology modelling, Proteins, pp.53430-53435, 2003.

W. J. Pichler, Pharmacological interaction of drugs with antigen-specific immune receptors: the p-i concept, Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol.2, issue.4, pp.301-306, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00130832-200208000-00003

W. J. Pichler, « Modes of presentation of chemical neoantigens to the immune systeme, Toxicology, pp.181-182, 2002.

W. J. Pichler, A. Beeler, M. Keller, and M. Lerch, Pharmacological Interaction of Drugs with Immune Receptors: The p-i Concept, Allergology International, vol.55, issue.1, pp.5517-5542, 2006.
DOI : 10.2332/allergolint.55.17

W. J. Pichler, B. Schnyder, and M. P. Zanni, Role of T cells in drug allergies, Allergy, vol.88, issue.3, pp.53-225, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0091-6749(96)70101-X

C. Ponvert, L. Bourgeois, M. , and R. Scheinmann, Les r??actions allergiques aux m??dicaments anti-infectieux courants, Revue Fran??aise d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique, vol.39, issue.6, pp.39455-467, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0335-7457(99)80125-7

C. Ponvert, R. Mazeyrat, R. Scheinmann, and J. Paupe, « Exploration allergologique des réactions aux bêta-lactamines chez l'enfant : résultats d'une étude de 50 cas, comportant des tests cutanés lecture immédiate, des RAST et des tests de réintroduction par voie orale, Rev Fr Allergol, issue.2, pp.36162-175, 1996.

C. Ponvert and P. Scheinmann, Les r??actions allergiques et pseudo-allergiques aux b??talactamines, Archives de P??diatrie, vol.10, issue.7, pp.10658-665, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0929-693X(03)00272-0

P. Pouyanne and F. Haramburu, Admissions to hospital caused by adverse drug reactions: cross sectional incidence study, BMJ, vol.320, issue.7241, p.320, 2000.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.320.7241.1036

R. Rincon-de-arellano, I. , V. Garcia, A. L. , C. Alvarez-lovell et al., Flare up to betalactams, Allergologia et Immunopathologia, vol.33, issue.5, pp.282-286, 2005.
DOI : 10.1157/13080932

A. Romano, D. Quaratino, and G. Papa, Aminopenicillin allergy, Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol.76, issue.6, pp.513-517, 1997.
DOI : 10.1136/adc.76.6.513
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1717218

. A. Romano, Delayed hypersensitivity to aminopenicillins, Clin Exp Allergy, vol.4, pp.29-32, 1998.

M. G. Roncarolo, C. Baccheta, and C. Bordignon, Type 1 T regulatory cells, Immunological Reviews, vol.182, issue.1, pp.68-79, 2001.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1600-065X.2001.1820105.x

A. Rozieres, A. Hennino, and K. Rodet, Detection and quantification of drug-specific T cells in penicillin allergy, Allergy, vol.17, issue.182, pp.534-576, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01674.x

A. H. Rudolph and E. V. Price, Penicillin Reactions Among Patients in Venereal Disease Clinics, JAMA, vol.223, issue.5, p.99, 1973.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1973.03220050011003

M. L. Sanz, M. C. Garcia, and M. R. Caballero, Basophil activation test in the diagnosis of allergy to medicines, Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra, issue.2, pp.26-39, 2003.

M. L. Sanz, P. M. Gamboa, and C. Garcia-aviles, Drug hypersensitivities: which room for biological tests, Allerg Immunol, vol.37, issue.6, pp.230-235, 2005.

M. L. Sanz, M. C. Garcia, and M. R. Caballero, Basophil activation test in the diagnosis of allergy to medicines, Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra, issue.2, pp.26-39, 2003.

T. Schwede, J. Kopp, and N. Guex, SWISSMODEL: An automated protein Homologymodeling server, Nucleic Acids Res, pp.313381-313386, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gkg520
URL : http://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg520

I. N. Shindyalov and P. E. Et-bourne, Protein structure alignment by incremental combinatorial extension (CE) of the optimal path, Protein Engineering Design and Selection, vol.11, issue.9, p.1173947, 2008.
DOI : 10.1093/protein/11.9.739

S. B. Singh and P. A. Kollman, Calculating the Absolute Free Energy of Association of Netropsin and DNA, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.121, issue.14, pp.3267-71, 1999.
DOI : 10.1021/ja983118c

B. G. Spratt, Resistance to antibiotics mediated by target alterations, Science, vol.264, issue.5157, pp.388-93, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.8153626

J. J. Stewart, Optimization of parameters for semiempirical methods I. Method, Journal of Computational Chemistry, vol.24, issue.2, p.209, 1989.
DOI : 10.1002/jcc.540100208

J. J. Stewart, Optimization of parameters for semiempirical methods II. Applications, Journal of Computational Chemistry, vol.82, issue.2, p.221, 1989.
DOI : 10.1002/jcc.540100209

S. Sugio, A. Kashima, and S. Mochizuki, Crystal structure of human serum albumin at 2

E. Suri-payer, A. Z. Amar, and A. M. Thomton, CD4+CD25+ T cells inhibit both the induction and effector function of autoreactive T cells and represent a unique lineage of immunoregulatory cells, J Immunol, issue.3, pp.1601212-1601220, 1998.

. Sybyl, X : Tripos internationnal, 1699 South Hanley Rd, p.63144

Y. Teraki and T. Shiohara, IFN-gamma-producing effector CD8+ T cells and IL-10-producing regulatory CD4+ T cells in fixed drug eruption, J Allergy Clin Immunol, issue.3, p.112, 2003.

R. Terreux, M. Domard, and C. Vitton, Interactions Study between the Copper II Ion and Constitutive Elements of Chitosan Structure by DFT Calculation, Biomacromolecules, vol.7, issue.1, pp.31-37, 2006.
DOI : 10.1021/bm0504126
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00314909

M. J. Torres, C. Mayorga, J. J. Garcia, and A. Romano, New aspects in betalactam recognition, Clin Exp Allergy, vol.4, pp.25-33, 1998.

M. J. Torres, A. Padial, and C. Mayorga, The diagnostic interpretation of basophil activation test in immediate allergic reactions to betalactams, Clinical <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Experimental Allergy, vol.10, issue.11, pp.1768-75, 2004.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00841.x

W. F. Van-gunsteren and H. J. Berendsen, Algorithms for macromolecular dynamics and constraint dynamics, Molecular Physics, vol.34, issue.5, pp.1311-1338, 1977.
DOI : 10.1107/S0567740875002415

L. Verlet, Computer "Experiments" on Classical Fluids. I. Thermodynamical Properties of Lennard-Jones Molecules, Physical Review, vol.159, issue.1, pp.98-103, 1967.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.159.98

M. Viola, D. Quaratino, F. Gaeta, and R. L. Valluzzi, Allergic reactions to antibiotics, mainly betalactams: facts and controversies, Allerg Immunol, vol.37, pp.223-232, 2005.

J. M. Wal, G. Bories, and M. Mamas, Radioimmunoassay of penicilloyl groups in biological fluids, FEBS Letters, vol.11, issue.4, pp.9-13, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80140-2

H. L. Weiner, Induction and mechanism of action of transforming growth factor-beta-secreting Th3 regulatory cells, Immunological Reviews, vol.182, issue.1, pp.207-221, 2001.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1600-065X.2001.1820117.x

«. Weintraub and . Ernst, Boris Chain (1906-1979) and Penicillin, Israel Chem. Soc, vol.29, p.13, 2003.

M. E. Weiss and N. Adkinson, Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin and related antibiotics, Clinical <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Experimental Allergy, vol.285, issue.6, pp.515-555, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0091-6749(84)90487-1

H. U. Weltzien and E. Padovan, Molecular Features of Penicillin Allergy, Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol.110, issue.3, pp.203-209, 1998.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00122.x

R. Wise, The pharmacokinetics of the oral cephalosporins--a review, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol.26, issue.suppl E, pp.2613-2633, 1990.
DOI : 10.1093/jac/26.suppl_E.13

D. M. York, T. A. Darden, and L. G. Pedersen, The effect of long???range electrostatic interactions in simulations of macromolecular crystals: A comparison of the Ewald and truncated list methods, The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol.99, issue.10, pp.99-8345, 1993.
DOI : 10.1063/1.465608

D. M. York, A. Wlodawer, and L. G. Pedersen, Atomic-level accuracy in simulations of large protein crystals., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.91, issue.18, pp.8715-8733, 1994.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.91.18.8715

M. Yvon and J. M. , Identification of lysine residue 199 of human serum albumin as a binding site for benzylpenicilloyl groups, FEBS Letters, vol.114, issue.2, pp.239237-239277, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80924-4

M. Yvon, P. Anglade, and J. M. , Binding of benzyl penicilloyl to human serum albumin Evidence for a highly reactive region at the junction of domains 1 and 2 of the albumin molecule, FEBS Letters, vol.34, issue.2, pp.247273-247281, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81351-1

M. Yvon, P. Anglade, and J. M. , Identification of the binding sites of benzyl penicilloyl, the allergenic metabolite of penicillin, on the serum albumin molecule, FEBS Letters, vol.27, issue.2, pp.263237-263277, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81382-X

M. Zanecki, Cours en ligne, 2007.