. Grilles-et-centrales-numériques:-un-rapprochementàétudierrapprochementàrapprochementàétudier...., 76 3.1.1 Quand les grilles et les centrales numériques se rencontrent, p.76

-. Grillade, gestion des centrales numériques sur une grille XtreemOS . . 87 3.3.1 Sélection des mécanismes d'XtreemOS utiles pour la gestion des collections de machines virtuelles, p.91

.. Grillade-ext, une grille XtreemOS avec des ressources provenant de centrales numériques, p.109

. Dans-un-premier-cas, celui de référence, nous déployons une machine virtuelle de 1,5 Go sur un noeud sans Kerrighed disposant de 2 Go de mémoire vive. L'application que l'on déploie

. Dans-un-second-cas, nousévaluonsnousévaluons l'impact de Kerrighed sur l'utilisation de la mémoire. Dans ce cas, nous déployons une machine virtuelle de 1,5 Go de mémoire sur un noeud de 2 Go de mémoire locale géré par Kerrighed et, noeuds). L'application utilisée fait 1 Go

. Dans-untroisì-eme-cas, nousévaluonsnousévaluons l'impact de l'utilisation de la mémoire distante avec Kerrighed. La machine virtuelle utilisée occupe 3,5 Go, l'agrégation mémoire des noeuds est de 6 Go

. Dans-unquatrì-eme-cas, nous déployons une machine virtuelle de 3,5 Go sur un noeud sans Kerrighed disposant de 8 Go de mémoire. L'application exécutée

. En-conclusion, Kerrighed lorsque la mémoire distante n'est pas utilisée est faible (397s sans Kerrighed ? cas 1 ? contre 419s avec Kerrighed ? cas 2 ?, soit une perte de 5%) De plus, l'impact de l'utilisation de Kerrighed lorsque la mémoire distante est utilisée est négligeablé egalement (1248s pour Kerrighed agrégeant 2 ressources ? cas 3 ?, 1300s pour une ressource sans Kerrighed ? cas 4 ? et 1304s pour Kerrighed agrégeant 3 ressources ? cas 5 ?, soit unécartunécart maximum de 4%). L'utilisation de Kerrighed comme système d'agrégation pour fournir plus de flexibilité dans la matérielles, Les fonctions ? et f sont totalement indépendantes

. Goldberg-définit-f, tel que pour y ? R 1 et z ? R 0 alors, f (y) = z si z est la ressource matérielle pour la machine virtuelle y. La fonction f fait le lien entre deux niveaux de ressources adjacents. De plus Goldberg définit que pour t / ? R 0 , si f (y) = t alors cela cause une faute qui doitêtre doitêtre traitée par l'hyperviseur, Il appelle ce type de faute les fautes de machine virtuelle

?. P. Goldberg-définit-?:-p-?-r-n-tel-que-si-x, alors ?(x) = y si y est une ressource pour le processus x. La fonction ? fait le lien entre les processus exécutés dans les machines virtuelles et la couche du niveau sous-jacent

/. De, tel que si ?(x) = e alors une exception est levée et celle-ci doitêtredoitêtre traitée par le système d'exploitation de la machine virtualisée

. Nimbus, et Eucalyptus [135] en sont des exemples. Ces systèmes permettent la personnalisation des environnements d'exécution en s

. Grillade-ext, Nos validations expérimentales ontétéontété réalisées sur deux sites de Grid'5000. En déployant une centrale numérique Nimbus sur le site de Rennes et le système Grillade sur le site de Sophia, nous avons validé la création et l'intégration de machines virtuelles dans Grillade. De plus, grâce aux commandes de déploiement et de configuration des machines virtuelles qui s'effectuent enparalì ele, le temps total requis pour l

G. Bénéficiè, XtreemOS et des fonctionnalités que nous avons conçues et mises en oeuvre pour la création de centrales numériques. La gestion des machines virtuelles s'appuie sur les mécanismes mis en oeuvre dans Saline. Grillade-CN offre aux utilisateurs une double flexibilité. Les utilisateurs peuvent déployer leurs applications dans les environnements préconfigurés d'XtreemOS ou définir leurs environnements d'exécution personnalisés qui seront déployés dans des machines virtuelles adaptéesadaptéesà leurs besoins, Cette axe de flexibilité ouvre la voixàvoixà la notion de cohabitation entre les utilisateurs de grilles et ceux de centrales numériques sur une même infrastructure informatique distribuée

´. Grillade-cn-a, . Déployé, and . Grid, 5000. Nous avons défini des classes d'utilisateurs. Ces classes d'utilisateurs correspondentàcorrespondentà des organisations virtuelles dans lesquelles des ressources réparties sur les différents domaines d'administration ontétéontété assignées

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