absorption moléculaire dans le spectre ultraviolet et visible dépend de la structure de la molécule. L'absorption d'énergie est quantifiée et résulte du passage des électrons d'orbitales de l'état fondamental vers des orbitales d'un état excité d'énergie supérieure. La structure particulière d'une molécule est liée à une absorption plus ou moins importante à chaque longueur d'onde observable ,
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