. Li, Argon : Les corrections concernant la présence d' 40 Ar d'origine atmosphérique ont été proposées. Le problème d'excès d'argon concerne l' 40 Ar radiogénique, qui peut contaminer les phengites syntectoniques au cours des réactions métamorphiques La conséquence directe de la surestimation d' 40 Ar radiogénique est le vieillissement des âges Ar- Ar obtenus (Hames & Hodges, 1993.

. Hammerschmidt, Les nombreux exemples d'excès d'argon dans les études sur les Alpes Occidentales, Bocquet et al. Desmons, 1974.

. Dans-le-permo-trias-de-vanoise and . Sud, Nous pensons que cet âge correspond plutôt à l'événement D2, et que la surface datée est en fait la schistosité S2, comme en témoignent les faibles taux de substitution donnés par l'auteur (échantillon M80, 3,33 < Si < 3,36) Notre estimation s'accorde davantage avec celle de Ganne En utilisant la méthode Ar-Ar (chauffage par palier), situent l'événement D1 à 37 Ma, 2003.

. Liewig, obtenus dans l'ensemble des Alpes Occidentales, sont regroupés sur la Figure V-3. En écartant les âges surestimés par les problèmes d'excès d'argon et d'héritage détritique, nous pouvons retenir quelques âges à titre comparatif : Dans les unités médianes des Schistes Lustrés, l'âge de la haute pression débute dans l'intervalle 50-60 Ma, Les principaux âges du métamorphisme de haute pression, 1981.

. Au-nord-de-la-zone and . Briançonnaisemarkley, le même événement est associé à la mise en place de la Nappe de Siviez-Mischabel entre 36 et 41 Ma, ) le datent autour de 38 Ma au niveau du Col du Petit St Bernard. Son âge atteint 35 Ma dans le domaine Valaisan, 1998.

C. J. Adams, New Zealand potassium-argon age list???2, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.14, issue.3, pp.443-468, 1975.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.77.789

P. Agard, Evolution métamorphiques et structurales des métapélite océaniques dans l'orogène Alpin :l'exemple des Schistes Lutrés des Alpes occidentales (Alpes cotiennes), Thèse non publiée, p.300, 1999.

P. Agard, L. Jolivet, and B. Goffé, Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Schistes Lustres Complex; implications for the exhumation of HP and UHP rocks in the Western Alps, Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, vol.172, issue.5, 2001.
DOI : 10.2113/172.5.617

P. Agard and M. Lemoine, Visage des Alpes : Structure et évolution géodynamique, 2003.

P. Agard, P. Monié, L. Jolivet, and B. Goffé, Exhumation of the Schistes Lustres complex: in situ laser probe 40Ar/39Ar constraints and implications for the Western Alps, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.20, issue.6, pp.599-618, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1525-1314.2002.00391.x

P. Agard, L. Labrousse, S. Elvevold, and C. Lepvrier, Discovery of Paleozoic Fe-Mg carpholite in Motalafjella, Svalbard Caledonides: A milestone for subduction-zone gradients, Geology, vol.33, issue.10, pp.33-761, 2005.
DOI : 10.1130/G21693.1

J. M. Amato, C. L. Johnson, L. P. Baumgartner, and B. L. Beard, Rapid exhumation of the Zermatt- Saas ophiolite deduced from high-precision Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr geochronology, 1999.

E. Argand, Sur la repartition des roches vertes mésozoïques dans les ALPES Pennines avant la formation des grands plis couchés, 1911.

E. Argand, Sur l'Arc des Alpes Occidentales, Eclogae. Geol. Helv, vol.14, pp.145-191, 1916.

N. O. Arnaud and S. P. Kelley, Evidence for excess argon during high pressure metamorphism in the dora maira massif (Western Alps, Italy), using an ultra-violet laser ablation microprobe 40Ar-39Ar technique, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.52, issue.15, pp.1-11, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/s004100050086

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00197563

R. Augier, Evolution tardi-orogénique des Cordillères Bétiques (Espagne) : apports d'une etude intégrée, Thèse de l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, p.400, 2004.

R. Augier, P. Agard, P. Monié, L. Jolivet, C. Robin et al., Exhumation, doming and slab retreat in the Betic Cordillera (SE Spain): in situ40Ar/39Ar ages and P-T-d-t paths for the Nevado-Filabride complex, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.157, issue.5, pp.357-381, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00047-4

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00083652

S. L. Baldwin and &. G. Lister, Thermochronology of the South Cyclades Shear Zone, Ios, Greece: Effects of ductile shear in the argon partial retention zone, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.104, issue.3, pp.7315-7336, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/97JB03106

M. L. Balestrieri, G. Bigazzi, R. Cadoppi, and R. Sacchi, Studio preliminare di alcuni campioni di ortoderivati provenienti dalla Val di Susa, mediante il metodo trace di fissione su apatite, 1999.

A. C. Barnicoat, D. C. Rex, P. G. Guise, and R. A. Cliff, The timing of and nature of greenschist facies deformation and metamorphism in the upper Pennine Alps, Tectonics, vol.93, issue.2, pp.279-293, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/94TC02017

T. Baudin, Etude géologique du Massif du Ruitor (Alpes franco-italiennes) : Evolution structurale d'un socle briançonnais, Th. Univ. Grenoble I, p.259, 1987.

A. Beach, Strain analysis in a cover thrust zone, external French Alps, Tectonophysics, vol.88, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(82)90245-1

R. G. Berman, Internally-Consistent Thermodynamic Data for Minerals in the System Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-CO2, Journal of Petrology, vol.29, issue.2, pp.445-522, 1988.
DOI : 10.1093/petrology/29.2.445

R. G. Berman, Thermobarometry using multi-equilibrium calculations : a new technique, with petrological applications, The Canadian Mineralogist, vol.29, pp.833-855, 1991.

R. G. Berman and E. H. Perkins, GEO-CALC : a software for calculation and display of pressuretemperature-composition phase diagrams, Am. Mineral, vol.72, pp.861-862, 1987.

S. Bernard, K. Benzerara, O. Beyssac, N. Menguy, F. Guyot et al., Exceptional preservation of fossil plant spores in high-pressure metamorphic rocks, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.262, issue.1-2, pp.257-272, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.041

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00646139

J. M. Bertrand, R. T. Pidgeon, J. Leterrier, F. Guillot, D. Gasquet et al., SHRIMP and IDTIMS U-Pb zircon ages of the pre-Alpine basement of the Internal Western Alps (Savoy and Piemont), Schweiz. Mineral Petrogr. Mitt, vol.80, pp.225-248, 2000.

O. Beyssac, B. Goffé, C. Chopin, and N. Rouzaud, Raman spectra of carbonaceous material in metasediments: a new geothermometer, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.30, issue.9, pp.20-859, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1525-1314.2002.00408.x

O. Beyssac, J. N. Rouzaud, B. Goffé, F. Brunet, and C. Chopin, Graphitization in a high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic gradient: a Raman microspectroscopy and HRTEM study, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.143, issue.1, pp.19-31, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-001-0324-7

M. G. Bonhomme, P. Saliot, and Y. Pinault, Interpretation of potassium-argon isotopic data related to metamorphic events in south-Western Alps, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt, vol.60, pp.81-98, 1980.

). J. Desmons, Le socle briançonnais de Vanoise (Savoie) : arguments en faveur de son âge anté-alpin et de son poly-métamorphisme, Bocquet C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, pp.278-2601, 1974.

). J. Desmons, M. Delanoye, J. C. Hunziker, and D. Krummenacher, K-Ar et Rb-Sr dating of Blue Amphiboles, Micas, and associated minerals from the Western Alps, Bocquet Contr. Mineral. Petrol, vol.47, pp.7-26, 1974.

G. Boillot and R. Capdevila, The Pyrenees: Subduction and collision?, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.35, issue.1, pp.151-160, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(77)90038-3

A. Borghi, P. Caddoppi, A. Porro, and R. Sacchi, Metamorphism in the north part of the Dora- Maira Massif (Cottian Alps), Boll. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, vol.3, pp.369-380, 1985.

A. Borghi, R. Compagnoni, and R. Sandrone, Evoluzione termo-tettonica alpina del settore settentrional del massicio del Gran Paradiso (Alpi Occidentali), Atti Tic. Sci. Terra, vol.1, pp.137-152, 1994.

A. Borghi, M. Gattiglio, F. Mondino, and G. Zaccone, Structural and metamorphic evidences of pre-Alpine basement in the Ambin nappe (cottian Alps, Italy), Mem. Soc. Geol, vol.51, pp.205-220, 1999.

R. Bousquet, B. Goffé, O. Vidal, R. Oberhänsli, and M. Patriat, The tectono-metamorphic history of the Valaisan domain from the Western to the Central Alps: New constraints on the evolution of the Alps, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.114, issue.2, pp.207-225, 2002.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<0207:TTMHOT>2.0.CO;2

S. A. Bowtell, R. A. Cliff, and A. C. Barnicoat, Sm-Nd isotopic evidence on the age of eclogitization in the Zermatt-Saas ophiolite, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.3, issue.2, pp.187-196, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90044-X

M. T. Brandon, M. K. Roden-tice, and J. I. Garver, Late Cenozoic exhumation of the Cascadia accretionary wedge in the Olympic Mountains, northwest Washington State, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.110, issue.8, pp.985-1009, 1998.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0985:LCEOTC>2.3.CO;2

N. R. Brereton, Corrections for interfering isotopes in the40Ar/39Ar dating method, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.8, issue.6, pp.427-433, 1970.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(70)90146-9

F. M. Brouwer, M. J. Van-de-zedde, M. J. Wortel, and R. L. Vissers, Late-orogenic heating during exhumation: Alpine PTt trajectories and thermomechanical models, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.220, issue.1-2, pp.185-199, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(04)00050-0

S. Bucher, S. M. Schmid, R. Bousquet, and B. Fugenschuh, Late-stage deformation in a collisional orogen (Western Alps): nappe refolding, back-thrusting or normal faulting?, Terra Nova, vol.16, issue.2, pp.109-117, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00155-9

R. Caby and G. Bonhomme, Whole-rock and fine fraction K-Ar isotopic study of radiolarites affected by the alpine metamorphism, 5th International Conference on Geochemistry and Isotope Geology, International Geological Congress, 1982.

R. Caby, Low-angle extrusion of hight presure rock between outward and inward displacement of middle Pennimic units in the Western Alps, Eclogae geol. Helv, vol.89, pp.229-268, 1996.

E. Callegari, R. Sacchi, S. Bovo, and G. Torassa, Osservazioni strutturali sul versante italiano del massico di Ambin (Alpi Graie) Bolletino della Societa Geologica Italiana, pp.395-404, 1980.

J. M. Caron, Lithostratigraphie et tectonique des Schistes Lustrés dansles Alpes cotiennes septentrionales (France & Italie), Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol.16, pp.255-268, 1977.

I. Cartwright and A. C. Barnicoat, Petrology, geochronology, and tectonics of shear zones in the Zermatt-Saas and Combin zones of the Western Alps, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.117, issue.2, pp.263-281, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.0263-4929.2001.00366.x

S. Ceriani, B. Fügenschuh, and S. M. Schmid, Multi-stage thrusting at the "Penninic Front" in the Western Alps between Mont Blanc and Pelvoux massifs, International Journal of Earth Sciences, vol.90, issue.3, pp.90-685, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s005310000188

N. Challandes, D. Marquer, and I. Villa, Dating the evolution of C???S microstructures: a combined 40Ar/39Ar step-heating and UV laserprobe analysis of the Alpine Roffna shear zone, Chemical Geology, vol.197, issue.1-4, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00354-6

F. Chalot-prat, J. Ganne, and A. Lombard, No significant element transfer from the oceanic plate to the mantle wedge during subduction and exhumation of the Tethys lithosphere (Western Alps), Lithos, vol.69, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-4937(03)00047-1

J. D. Champagnac, C. Sue, B. Delacou, and M. Burkhard, Brittle deformation in the inner NW Alps: from early orogen-parallel extrusion to late orogen-perpendicular collapse, Terra Nova, vol.7, issue.5, p.242, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(99)00163-7

N. D. Chatterjee, Applied mineralogical thermodynamics, p.321, 1991.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-662-02716-5

C. Chopin, C. Henry, and A. Michard, Geology and petrology of the coesite-bearing terrain, Dora Maira massif, Western Alps, European Journal of Mineralogy, vol.3, pp.263-291, 1991.

C. Chopin and H. Maluski, 40Ar-39Ar dating of high pressure metamorphic micas from the Gran Paradiso area (Western Alps): Evidence against the blocking temperature concept, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.25, issue.2, pp.109-122, 1980.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01131997

C. Chopin and P. Monié, A unique magnesiochloritoid-bearing, high-pressure assemblage from the Monte Rosa, Western Alps: petrologic and 40Ar-39Ar radiometric study, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.5, issue.701, pp.388-398, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00381295

P. Choukroune, M. Ballèvre, P. Cobbold, Y. Gautier, O. Merle et al., Deformation and motion in the Western Alpine Arc, Tectonics, vol.35, issue.2, pp.215-226, 1986.
DOI : 10.1029/TC005i002p00215

S. P. Clark and E. R. Niblett, TERRESTRIAL HEAT FLOW IN THE SWISS ALPS, Geophysical Journal International, vol.7, issue.4, pp.176-195, 1956.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1956.tb05563.x

R. A. Cliff, A. C. Barnicoat, and S. Inger, Early Tertiary eclogite facies metamorphism in the Monviso Ophiolite, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.74, issue.3, pp.447-455, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1525-1314.1998.00147.x

G. Cortiana, G. V. Dal-piaz, D. Moro, A. Hunziker, J. C. Martin et al., 40Ar/39Ar and rb-Sr dating of the Pillonet klippe and Sesia Lanzo basal slice in the Ayas Valley and evolution of the austro-alpine-piemont nappe stack, pp.177-194, 1998.

C. Crouzet, P. Rochette, G. Ménard, and M. Prévot, Acquisition d'aimantations thermorémanentes partielles successives portées par la pyrrhotite monodomaine lors du refroidissement de la zone dauphinoise interne (Alpes occidentales, France), C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, II, vol.325, pp.643-649, 1997.

D. Torre, M. Livi, J. T. Veblen, D. Frey, and M. , White K-mica evolution from phengite to muscovite in shales and shale matrix melange, Diablo Range, California, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.123, issue.4, pp.390-405, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/s004100050164

D. Piaz and G. V. , Nuovi ritrovamenti di cianite alpina nel cristallino antico del Monte Rosa, Ren. Soc. It. Min. Petr, vol.27, pp.437-477, 1971.

D. Piaz and G. V. , Le métamorphism de haute pression et basse température dans l'évolution structurale du bassin ophiolitique alpino-apenninique (2 ème partie), Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt, vol.54, pp.399-424, 1974.

D. Piaz, G. Cortiana, G. , D. Moro, A. Martin et al., Tertiary age and paleostructural inferences of the eclogitic imprint in the Austroalpine outliers and Zermatt-Saas ophiolite, western Alps, International Journal of Earth Sciences, issue.3, pp.90-668, 2001.

W. A. Deer, R. A. Howie, and J. Zussman, An introduction to the rock-forming minerals, 1966.

B. Delacou, C. Sue, J. Champagnac, and M. Burkhard, Present-day geodynamics in the bend of the western and central Alps as constrained by earthquake analysis, Geophysical Journal International, vol.158, issue.2, p.774, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02320.x

M. Delaloye and J. Desmons, K-Ar ages determinations of white micas of the Piemont zone, French-Italian Western Alps, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol, vol.57, pp.97-303, 1976.

J. Desmons, Mineralogical and petrological investigations of Alpine metamorphism in the internal French Western Alps, American Journal of Science, vol.277, issue.8, p.10451066, 1977.
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.277.8.1045

J. Desmons, Different metamorphic evolutions in the Alpine-Apenninic ophiolites (France-Italy-Switzerland-Austria), Chemical Geology, vol.77, issue.3-4, pp.229-250, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2541(89)90076-4

J. Desmons and J. Fabre, Contribution à la connaissance pétrographique du Mont Pourri, Conséquences structurales. Géologie Alpine, pp.13-26, 1988.

J. Desmons and D. Mercier, Passing through the Briançon zone Pre-Mesozoic Geology in the Alps, pp.279-295, 1993.

E. Deville, La klippe de la Pointe du Grand Vallon (Vanoise-Alpes occidentales française, Savoie) : un lambeau de métasédiments à foraminifères du Maastrichtien supérieur couronnant les nappes de « Schistes Lustrés, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol.303, pp.1222-1226, 1986.

E. Deville, Etude géologique en Vanoise orientale (Alpes occidentales française, Savoie) De la naissance à la structuration d'un secteur de la paléo-marge européenne et de l'océan tethysien: aspects stratigraphiques, pétrographiques et tectoniques, Thèse non publiée, 1987.

E. Deville, S. Fudral, Y. Lagabrielle, M. Marthaler, and M. Sartori, From oceanic closure to continental collision: A synthesis of the "Schistes lustr??s" metamorphic complex of the Western Alps, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.104, issue.2, pp.127-139, 1992.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0127:FOCTCC>2.3.CO;2

M. H. Dodson, Closure temperature in cooling geochronological and petrological systems, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.3, issue.2, pp.259-274, 1973.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00373790

M. H. Dodson and D. C. Rex, Potassium-argon ages of slates and phyllites from south-west England, Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, vol.126, issue.1-4, pp.465-499, 1971.
DOI : 10.1144/gsjgs.126.1.0465

H. Dondey, Etude géologique des unités de Vanoise méridionale, de Pralognan à Aussois (Alpes de Savoie), Thèse non publiée, p.235, 1986.

S. Duchêne, J. Blichert-toft, B. Luais, P. Telouk, J. M. Lardeaux et al., The Lu-hf of garnets and the ages of the Alpine high-pressure metamorphism, Nature, vol.387, pp.586-588, 1997.

S. Duchêne, J. M. Lardeaux, and F. Albarède, Exhumation of eclogites: insights from depth-time path analysis, Tectonophysics, vol.280, issue.1-2, pp.125-140, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00143-1

W. J. Dunlap, Neocrystallization or cooling? 40Ar/39Ar ages of white micas from low-grade mylonites, Chemical Geology, vol.143, issue.3-4, pp.181-203, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00113-7

F. Ellenberger, Etude géologique du pays de Vanoise (Savoie) Mémoire Explicatif de la Carte Géologique de France, p.561, 1958.

F. Ellenberger, Le Permien du Pays de Vanoise, Atti del Symposium sul Verrucano Pisa, settembre 1965. Soc. Toscana di Scienze Naturali, pp.170-211, 1966.

W. E. Ernst, Petrologic Reconnaissance of Franciscan Metagraywackes from the Diablo Range, Central California Coast Ranges, Journal of Petrology, vol.12, issue.2, pp.413-437, 1971.
DOI : 10.1093/petrology/12.2.413

W. G. Ernst, Metamorphism of Franciscan tectonostratigraphic assemblage, Pacheco Pass area, east-central Diablo Range, California Coast Ranges, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.105, issue.5, pp.618-636, 1993.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<0618:MOFTAP>2.3.CO;2

D. Florineth and N. Froitzheim, Transition from continental to oceanic basement in the Tasna nappe (Engadine window, Graubünden, Switzerland): evidence for Early Cretaceous opening of the Valais ocean, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt, vol.74, pp.437-448, 1994.

S. R. Freeman, R. W. Butler, R. A. Cliff, S. Inger, and T. A. Barnicoat, Deformation migration in an orogen-scale shear zone array: an example from the Basal Brian??onnais Thrust, internal Franco-Italian Alps, Geological Magazine, vol.135, issue.3, pp.349-367, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/S0016756898008693

S. R. Freeman, S. Inger, R. W. Butler, and R. A. Cliff, Dating deformation using Rb-Sr in white mica: Greenschist facies deformation ages from the Entrelor shear zone, Italian Alps, Tectonics, vol.104, issue.5, pp.57-76, 1997.
DOI : 10.1029/96TC02477

M. Frey, J. C. Hunziker, E. Jäger, and W. B. Stern, Regional distribution of white K-mica polymorphs and their phengite content in the Central Alps, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.46, issue.1-2, pp.185-197, 1983.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00373092

W. Frisch, Tectonic progradation and plate tectonic evolution of the Alps, Tectonophysics, vol.60, issue.3-4, pp.121-139, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(79)90155-0

S. Fudral, Etude géologique de la bordure Théthysienne dans les Alpes franco-italienne nordoccidentales , de la Doire Ripaire (Italie) à la région de Bourg Saint Maurice (France), Géol. Alpine. Grenoble, Mém. Hors série, vol.29, p.306, 1996.

S. Fudral, E. Deville, and M. Marthaler, Distinction de trois unités dans les « Schistes Lustrés » compris entre la Vanoise et le Val de Suse (Alpes franco-italienne septentrionales) : aspects lithostratigraphiques, paléogéographiques et géodynamiques, C. R. Acad. Sci, pp.467-472, 1987.

B. Fügenschuh, A. Loprieno, S. Ceriani, and S. M. Schmid, Structural analysis of the Subbrian??onnais and Valais units in the area of Mo??tiers (Savoy, Western Alps): paleogeographic and tectonic consequences, International Journal of Earth Sciences, vol.88, issue.2, pp.201-218, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/s005310050260

B. Fügenschuh and S. M. Schmid, Late stages of deformation and exhumation of an orogen constrained by fission-track data: A case study in the Western Alps, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.115, issue.11, pp.1425-1440, 2003.
DOI : 10.1130/B25092.1

S. Gabalda, L. Joliet, O. Beyssac, and . Soumis, Detailed temperature of metamorphic structures in Western Alps

J. Ganne, Les dômes de socles HP-BT dans le domaine pennique des Alpes nord-occidentales (massif d'Ambin et de Vanoise sud) : modalité de leur exhumation, Thèse, p.542, 2003.

J. Ganne, F. Bussy, and O. Vidal, Multi-stage garnet in the internal Briançonnais basements (Ambin and South Vanoise massifs): new petrological constraints on the blueschist-facies metamorphism in the Western Alps and tectonic implications, Journal of Petrology, pp.44-1281, 2003.

J. Ganne, J. Bertrand, and S. Fudral, Geometry and kinematics of early Alpine nappes in a Brian??onnais basement (Ambin Massif, Western Alps), Comptes Rendus Geoscience, vol.336, issue.13, pp.336-1219, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.crte.2004.06.006

J. Ganne, J. M. Bertrand, and S. Fudral, Fold interference pattern at the top of basement domes and apparent vertical extrusion of HP rocks (Ambin and South Vanoise massifs, Western Alps), Journal of Structural Geology, vol.27, issue.3, pp.553-570, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2004.11.004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00079351

J. Ganne, D. Marquer, G. Rosenbaum, J. Bertrand, and S. Fudral, Partitioning of deformation within a subduction channel during exhumation of high-pressure rocks: a case study from the Western Alps, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.28, issue.7, pp.28-1193, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2006.02.011

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00129497

J. Ganne, J. M. Bertrand, S. Fudral, D. Marquer, and O. Vidal, Structural and metamorphic evolution of the Ambin massif (western Alps): toward a new alternative exhumation model for the Brianconnais domain, Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, vol.178, issue.6, pp.178437-458, 2007.
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.178.6.437

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00315611

M. Gay, Le massif d'Ambin et son cadre de Schistes Lustrés (Alpes franco-italiennes) Evolution paléographique anté-alpine ème série), sect. 1, n°3, Bull BRGM, issue.2, pp.5-81, 1970.

M. Gay, Le massif d'Ambin et son cadre de Schistes Lustrés (Alpes franco-italiennes) Thèse d'état, p.296, 1971.

M. Gay, Le massif d'Ambin et son cadre de Schistes Lustrés (Alpes franco-italiennes) Evolution structurale. Evolution métamorphique, Archives des Sciences (de Genève), vol.25, pp.5-100, 1972.

D. Gebauer, H. P. Schertl, M. Brix, and W. Schreyer, 35 Ma old ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and evidence for very rapid exhumation in the Dora Maira Massif, Western Alps, Lithos, vol.41, issue.1-3, pp.5-24, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-4937(97)82002-6

S. K. Ghosh and H. Ramberg, Reorientation of inclusions by combination of pure shear and simple shear, Tectonophysics, vol.34, issue.1-2, pp.1-70, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(76)90176-1

M. Gignoux and L. Moret, Les grandes subdivisions g??ologiques des Alpes fran??aises, Annales de G??ographie, vol.43, issue.244, pp.337-363, 1934.
DOI : 10.3406/geo.1934.10592

M. Gignoux and L. Moret, Description géologique du bassin supérieur de la Durance, Trav. Lab. Géol. Univ. Grenoble, t, vol.21, issue.9, pp.215-245, 1938.

P. Gillet and B. Goffe, On the significance of aragonite occurrences in the Western Alps, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.40, issue.1, pp.70-81, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00399367

D. Giorgis, M. Cosca, and S. G. Li, Distribution and significance of extraneous argon in UHP eclogite (Sulu terrain, China): insight from in situ 40Ar/39Ar UV-laser ablation analysis, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.181, issue.4, pp.605-615, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00221-1

B. Goffé, Etude structural et pétrographique du versant occidentale du massif paléozoïque de Chasseforêt (Vanoise méridionale, Thèse non publiée, 1975.

B. Goffé, Succession de subfaciès métamorphiques en Vanoise méridionale (Savoie) Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, pp.6223-6264, 1977.

B. Goffé and B. Velde, Contrasted metamorphic evolutions in thrusted cover units of the Brian??onnais zone (French Alps): A model for the conservation of HP-LT metamorphic mineral assemblages, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.68, issue.2, pp.351-360, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(84)90166-3

B. Goffé, A. Baronnet, and G. Morin, La saliotite, interstratifié régulier 1:1 cookéite/paragonite : nouveau phyllosilicate du métamorphisme de haute pression et basse température, European Journal of Mineralogy, vol.6, issue.6, pp.897-911, 1994.

J. Goguel, Précisions nouvelles sur les écailles de la couverture du massif d'Ambin. B. soc Géol France, série 6, t. 5, fasc. 1 et 3, pp.65-76, 1955.

J. Goguel and F. Ellenberger, La série mésozoïque de la couverture du massif d'Ambin. CR somm SGF, Acad. Sci. Paris, pp.262-264, 1952.

T. M. Gordon, Determination of Internally Consistent Thermodynamic Data from Phase Equilibrium Experiments, The Journal of Geology, vol.81, issue.2, pp.199-208, 1973.
DOI : 10.1086/627835

R. L. Grasty and J. G. Mitchel, Single sample potassium-argon ages using the omegatron, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.1, issue.4, pp.248-248, 1966.

C. Gréber, Flore et stratigraphie du Carbonifère des Alpes françaises, Mém. Bur. Rech. Géol. Min, vol.21, issue.380, 1965.

F. Guillot and J. F. Raoult, Permien et base du Trias en Vanoise septentrionale: données nouvelles et hypothèses (zone briançonnaise interne, Alpes françaises) Annales de la Société géologique du Nord, pp.183-192, 1984.

K. Hammerschmidt, H. P. Schertl, H. Friedrichsen, and W. Schreyer, Überschuss-Argon während der retrograden Metamorphose der Ultrahochdruck-Gesteine des Dora-Maira Massivs, italienische Westalpen Beihefte, Eur. J. Mineral, vol.4, p.112, 1992.

W. E. Hames and S. A. Bowring, An empirical evaluation of the argon diffusion geometry in muscovite, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.124, issue.1-4, pp.161-167, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(94)00079-4

W. E. Hames and J. Cheney, On the loss of from muscovite during polymetamorphism, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.61, issue.18, pp.3863-3872, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00207-X

W. E. Hames and K. V. Hodges, Laser 40Ar/39Ar Evaluation of Slow Cooling and Episodic Loss of 40Ar from a Sample of Polymetamorphic Muscovite, Science, vol.261, issue.5129, pp.1721-1723, 1993.
DOI : 10.1126/science.261.5129.1721

M. Handy and R. Oberhänsli, Age Map of the Metamorphic Structure of the Alps -Tectonic Interpretation and Outstanding Problems In: Explanatory Notes to the Map: Metamorphic Structure of the Alps, pp.97-121, 2004.

C. Harper, Potassium???Argon Ages of Slates and their Geological Significance, Nature, vol.98, issue.4944, p.468
DOI : 10.1038/203468a0

C. T. Harper and C. A. Landis, K-Ar ages from regionally metamorphosed rocks, South Island, New Zealand. Earth and planetary science letters 2, pp.419-448, 1967.

H. C. Helgeson, J. M. Delany, H. W. Nesbitt, and D. K. Bird, Summary and critique of the thermodynamic properties of rock-forming minerals, American Journal of Science, issue.A, pp.278-279, 1978.

C. Henry, A. Michard, and C. Chopin, Geometry and structural evolution of ultra-high-pressure and high-pressure rocks from the Dora-Maira massif, Western Alps, Italy, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.965-981, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(93)90170-F

F. Hermann, Carte géologique des Alpes occidentales (avec une légende et une notice explicative), 1938.

T. J. Holland and R. Powell, An enlarged and updated internally consistent thermodynamic dataset with uncertainties and correlations : the system, 1990.

T. J. Holland and R. Powell, An internally consistent thermodynamic data set for phases of petrological interest, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.79, issue.3, pp.309-343, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1525-1314.1998.00140.x

B. Houfflain and R. Caby, Rétrocharriages précoces en climat Schistes bleus à Lawsonitegrenat : La"bande d'Acceglio-Longet" (Alpes Cottiennes) Comptes rendus de l'académie des Sciences de Paris, pp.309-199, 1987.

J. C. Hunziker, J. Desmons, and A. J. Hurford, Thirty-two years of geochronological work in the Central and Western Alps: a review on seven maps, p.59, 1992.

A. J. Hurford, Standardization of fission track dating calibration: Recommendation by the Fission Track Working Group of the I.U.G.S. Subcommission on Geochronology, Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, vol.80, issue.2, pp.171-178, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0168-9622(90)90025-8

A. J. Hurford, M. Flisch, and E. Jäger, Unravelling the thermo-tectonic evolution of the Alps: a contribution from fission track analysis and mica dating, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.45, issue.1, pp.369-398, 1989.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.045.01.21

S. Inger, W. Ramsbotham, R. A. Cliff, and D. C. Rex, Metamorphic evolution of the Sesia-Lanzo Zone, Western Alps: time constraints from multi-system geochronology, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.126, issue.1-2, pp.152-168, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/s004100050241

E. Jaeger, The Rb-Sr Method Lectures in Isotope Geology, 1979.

B. Jahn, R. Caby, and P. Monié, The oldest UHP eclogites of the World: age of UHP metamorphism, nature of protoliths and tectonic implications, Chemical Geology, vol.178, issue.1-4, pp.143-158, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00264-9

E. Jaillard, H. Dondey, and J. Debelmas, Reconstitutions paléogéographiques de la zone briançonnaise de Vanoise (Alpes occidentales) : nouveaux arguments pour une origine intrabriançonnaise de l'unité de la Grande Motte, C. R. Acad . Sc, vol.17, p.10911094, 1986.

D. L. Kirschner, M. A. Cosca, H. Masson, and J. C. Hunziker, Staircase 40/Ar39Ar spectra of fine-grained white mica: Timing and duration of deformation and empirical constraints on argon diffusion, Geology, vol.24, issue.8, pp.747-750, 1996.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0747:SAASOF>2.3.CO;2

N. Kramar, M. A. Cosca, and J. C. Hunziker, Heterogeneous 40Ar* distributions in naturally deformed muscovite: in situ UV-laser ablation evidence for microstructurally controlled intragrain diffusion, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.192, issue.3, pp.377-388, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00456-3

J. Kuhlemann, Post-collisional sediment budget of circum-Alpine basins (Central Europe, 2000.

J. Kuhlemann and O. Kempf, Post-Eocene evolution of the North Alpine Foreland Basin and its response to Alpine tectonics, Sedimentary Geology, vol.152, issue.1-2, pp.45-78, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0037-0738(01)00285-8

R. Lacassin, Plate-scale kinematics and compatibility of crustal shear zones in the Alps, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.45, issue.1, pp.339-352, 1989.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.045.01.19

P. Laffitte and J. Goguel, Observations préliminaires sur le massif d'Ambin, Bull. Soc. Géol. France, série II, vol.6, pp.575-595, 1952.

T. J. Lapen, C. M. Johnson, L. P. Baumgartner, N. J. Mahlen, B. L. Beard et al., Burial rates during prograde metamorphism of an ultra-high-pressure terrane: an example from Lago di Cignana, western Alps, Italy, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.215, issue.1-2, pp.57-72, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00455-2

L. Bayon, Evolution structurale et métamorphique d'une croûte continentale subductée (Grand Paradis, Alpes occidentales, Thèse, 2005.

L. Bayon, B. Ballèvre, and M. , Deformation history of a subducted continental crust (Gran Paradiso, Western Alps): continuing crustal shortening during exhumation, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.28, issue.5, pp.793-815, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2006.02.009

M. Lemoine and P. C. De-graciansky, Histoire d'une marge continentale passive : les Alpes occidentales au Mésozoïque ? Introduction, Bull. Soc.Géol. France, vol.4, issue.8, pp.597-600, 1988.

M. Lemoine, P. De-graciansky, and P. Tricart, De l'océan à la chaîne de montagnes, tectonique des plaques dans les Alpes, 2000.

S. G. Li, S. S. Wang, Y. H. Chen, D. L. Liu, J. Qiu et al., Excess argon in phengite from eclogite: Evidence from dating of eclogite minerals by Sm???Nd, Rb???Sr and 40Ar39Ar methods, Chemical Geology, vol.112, issue.3-4, pp.343-350, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2541(94)90033-7

A. Liati, D. Gebauer, and C. M. Fanning, The youngest basic oceanic magmatism in the Alps (Late Cretaceous ; Chiavenna unit, Central Alps): geochronological constraints and geodynamic significance, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.146, issue.2, pp.144-158, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-003-0485-7

A. Liati, D. Gebauer, N. Froitzheim, and M. Fanning, Origin and geodynamic significance of metabasic rocks from the Antrona ophiolites (Western Alps): new insights from SHRIMPdating, Geophysical Research Abstracts, vol.5, 2003.

N. Liewig, J. M. Caron, and R. Clauer, Geochemical and K-Ar isotopic behaviour of alpine sheet silicates during polyphased deformation, Tectonophysics, vol.78, issue.1-4, pp.273-290, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(81)90017-2

A. Loprieno, A combined structural and sedimentological approach to decipher the evolution of the Valais domain in Savoy, Western Alps, Diss. Geol.-Paläontol. Inst. Univ. Basel, vol.18, issue.285, 2001.

S. Lorenzoni, Studio geo-petrographico del versante italiano del massicio d', Ambin. M. Istit. Geol. Miner. Univ. Padova, pp.25-88, 1965.

S. Lorenzoni, Etude pétrologique du versant italien du massif d'Ambin (Alpes francoitaliennes ), Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt, vol.48, issue.1, pp.428-436, 1968.

E. K. Mak, D. York, R. A. Grieve, and M. R. Dence, The age of Mistastin Lake crater, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, pp.31-345, 1976.

J. Malavielle, Etude tectonique et microtectonique de la déformation ductile dans les grands chevauchement crustaux : exemple des Alpes franco Italiennes et de la Corse, Thèse non publiée, 1982.

J. Malavieille and A. Etchecopar, Ductile shear deformation of quartzite in an alpine crustal thrust (Ambin Massif), Tectonophysics, vol.78, issue.1-4, pp.1-4, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(81)90006-8

J. Malavieille, R. Lacassin, and M. Mattauer, Signification tectonique des lineations d'allongement dans les Alpes occidentales, Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, vol.7, issue.5, pp.895-906, 1984.
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.S7-XXVI.5.895

M. Malusà, Post-metamorphic evolution of the Western Alps: Kinematic constraints from a multidisciplinary approach (geological mapping, mesostructural analysis, fission-track dating, fluid inclusion analysis, Thèse, Univ. de Turin ? CNR-IGG, 2004.

M. Malusà, P. Mosca, A. Borghi, and M. Gattiglio, Late tectonic evolution of the western part of the Ambin massif (western Alps), 1999.

M. Malusà, R. Polino, M. Zattin, G. Bigazzi, S. Martin et al., Miocene to Present differential exhumation in the Western Alps: Insights from fission track thermochronology, Tectonics, vol.83, issue.2, pp.23-33, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2004TC001782

H. Maluski, Application de la méthode 40Ar -39Ar aux minéraux des roches cristallines perturbées par des évènements thermiques et tectoniques en, p.pp, 1977.

H. Maluski and P. Monié, 39Ar/40Ar laser probe multi-dating inside single biotites of a Variscan orthogneiss, Chem. Geol, vol.73, pp.245-263, 1988.

H. Maluski, P. Monié, J. R. Kienast, and A. Rahmani, Location of extraneous argon in granulitic-facies minerals: A paired microprobe-laser probe analysis, Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, vol.80, issue.3, pp.193-217, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0168-9622(90)90028-B

R. H. Marchant and G. M. Stampfli, Subduction of continental crust in the Western Alps, Tectonophysics, vol.269, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00170-9

M. J. Markley, C. Teyssier, M. A. Cosca, R. Caby, J. C. Hunziker et al., Alpine deformation 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of synkinematic white mica in the Siviez-Mischabel Nappe, western Pennine Alps, pp.407-425, 1998.

H. Massonne, R. G. Coleman, and W. , Experimental and petrogenetic study of UHPM, pp.33-95, 1995.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511573088.003

H. J. Massonne, High-pressure, low-temperature metamorphism of pelitic and other protoliths based on experiments in the system K 2 O-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -H 2 O, p.172, 1991.

H. Massonne and W. Schreyer, Phengite geobarometry based on the limiting assemblage with K-feldspar, phlogopite, and quartz, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.8, issue.2, pp.212-224, 1987.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00375235

I. Mcdougall and T. M. Harrison, Geochronology and thermochronology by the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar method, p.212, 1988.

S. Meffan-main, B. Cliff, A. C. Barnicoat, B. Lombardo, and R. Compagnoni, A Tertiary age for Alpine high-pressure metamorphism in the Gran Paradiso massif, Western Alps: a Rb-Sr microsampling study, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.148, issue.4, pp.267-281, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1525-1314.2004.00512.x

J. Mégard-galli and A. Baud, Le Trias moyen et supérieur des Alpes nord-occidentales. Données nouvelles et corrélations stratigraphiques, Bull. B.R.G.M. 2° S., sect, vol.4, pp.3-233, 1977.

G. Ménard and S. Sabil, Recherche d'accident réçents par trace de fission sur apatite: tunnel de base Maurienne-Ambin, secteur de la Pratz, 1998.

R. Michel, Les schistes cristallins des massifs du Grand Paradis et de Sesia-Lanzo (Alpes franco-italiennes, Thèse non publiée, 1953.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726676

R. Michel, Premiers résultats de l'étude pétrographique des schistes cristallins du massif d'Ambin (Alpes franco-italiennes), C. R. som. Soc. Géol France, fasc, issue.9, pp.121-123, 1956.

R. Michel, Le faciès à glaucophane dans le massif d'Ambin (Alpes franco-italiennes). C R somm Soc Géol France 6 (VII), pp.130-131, 1957.

P. Monié, Etude par la méthode 40Ar/39Ar de la redistribution de l'argon dans les minéraux des socles anciens repris par l'orogénèse alpine. Application de la géochronologie des massifs de l'Argentéra-Mercantour, 1984.

P. Monié, La méthode 40Ar/39Ar appliquée au métamorphisme alpin dans le massif du Mont- Rose (Alpes occidentales) : chronologie détaillée depuis110 Ma, Eclogae Geol. Helv, vol.78, pp.487-516, 1985.

P. Monié, Preservation of Hercynian 40Ar/39Ar ages through high-pressure low-temperature alpine metamorphism in the Western alps, European Journal of Mineralogy, vol.2, pp.343-361, 1990.

P. Monié and C. Chopin, 40Ar/39Ar dating in coesite-bearing and associated units of the Dora- Maira massif, Western Alps, Eur. J. Mineral, vol.3, pp.239-262, 1991.

P. Monié and P. Philippot, Mise en évidence de l'âge Eocène moyen du métamorphisme de HP dans la nappes eclogitique du Monviso (Alpes occidentales) par la méthode 40Ar/39Ar, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol.309, pp.245-251, 1989.

W. Müller, Strengthening the link between geochronology, textures and petrology, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.206, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01007-5

W. Müller, S. Kelley, and I. M. Villa, Dating fault-generated pseudotachylytes: comparison of 40Ar/39Ar stepwise-heating, laser-ablation and Rb???Sr microsampling analyses, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.144, issue.1, pp.57-77, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-002-0381-6

R. Oberhänsli, J. C. Hunziker, G. Martinotti, and W. B. Stern, Geochemistry, geochronology and petrology of Monte Mucrone: An example of EO-alpine eclogitization of Permian granitoids in the Sesia-Lanzo Zone, Western Alps, Italy, Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, vol.52, issue.2, pp.165-184, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0168-9622(85)90016-8

A. I. Okay, Jadeite-chloritoid-glaucophane-lawsonite blueschists in north-west Turkey: unusually high P/T ratios in continental crust, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.6, issue.8, pp.757-768, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1525-1314.2002.00402.x

J. L. Paquette, C. Chopin, and J. J. Peucat, U-Pb zircon, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd geochronology of high- to very-high-pressure meta-acidic rocks from the western Alps, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.44, issue.1, pp.280-289, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00375313

T. Parra, O. Vidal, and L. Jolivet, Relation between the intensity of deformation and retrogression in blueschist metapelites of Tinos Island (Greece) evidenced by chlorite???mica local equilibria, Lithos, vol.63, issue.1-2, pp.41-66, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-4937(02)00115-9

F. J. Petitjohn, Sedimentary Rocks, p.718, 1957.

P. Philippot, Opposite vergence of Nappes and crustal extension in the French-Italian western Alps, Tectonics, vol.22, issue.3, pp.1143-1163, 1990.
DOI : 10.1029/TC009i005p01143

J. P. Platt and G. S. Lister, Structural history of high-pressure metamorphic rocks in the southern vanoise massif, french alps, and their relation to alpine tectonic events, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.7, issue.1, pp.19-35, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(85)90112-9

J. P. Platt and G. S. Lister, Structural evolution of a nappe complex, southern Vanoise massif, French Penninic Alps, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.7, issue.2, pp.145-160, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(85)90128-2

J. P. Platt, G. S. Lister, P. Cunningham, P. Weston, F. Peel et al., Thrusting and backthrusting in the Brian??onnais domain of the western Alps, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.45, issue.1, pp.135-152, 1989.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.045.01.07

U. Pognante, D. Castelli, C. Bogliotti, and E. Callegari, Carattere petrograficie petrochemici di alcuni metagabbri ed ortogneiss tardi-paleozoici del massico d'Ambin, Zona Brianzonese interna (Alpi occidentali), Rend. Soc. It. Mineral. Petrol, vol.39, pp.275-780, 1984.

R. Polino, G. V. Dal-piaz, and G. Gosso, Tectonic erosion at the Adria margin and accretionary processes for the Cretaceous orogeny of the Alps, pp.345-367, 1990.

R. Polino, F. Delapierre, A. Borghi, F. Carraro, G. Fioraso et al., Carta geological d'Italia alla scala 1 : 50 000, foglia Bardonecchia. Note illustrative, 1999.

&. Powell, R. Powell, and T. J. Holland, An internally consistent thermodynamic dataset with uncertainties and correlations: 1. Methods and a worked example, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.217, issue.4, pp.327-342, 1985.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00633574

J. W. Purdy and E. Jäger, K-Ar ages on rocks-forming minerals from the Central Alps. Memoirs, Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, pp.1-31, 1976.

M. Quinquis, C. Audren, J. P. Brun, and P. R. Cobbold, Intense progressive shear in Ile de Groix blueschists and compatibility with subduction or obduction, Nature, vol.114, issue.5657, pp.43-45, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(74)90083-3

E. Raguin and F. Hermann, Carte géologique de la France à l'échelle du 1/50000, 1931.

J. G. Ramsay and M. I. Huber, Modern structural geology : Strain Analysis, 1, 1983.

W. Ramsbotham, S. Inger, R. A. Cliff, D. C. Rex, and A. C. Barnicoat, Time Constraints on the Metamorphic and Structural Evolution of the Southern Sesia-Lanzo Zone, Western Italian Alps, Goldschmidt Conference, pp.758-759, 1994.
DOI : 10.1180/minmag.1994.58A.2.131

S. M. Reddy, S. P. Kelley, and J. Wheeler, A 40Ar/39Ar laser probe study of micas from the Sesia Zone, Italian Alps: implications for metamorphic and deformation histories, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.14, issue.4, pp.573-589, 1996.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.00338.x

S. M. Reddy, J. Wheeler, and R. A. Cliff, The geometry and timing of orogenic extension: an example from the Western Italian Alps, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.17, issue.5, pp.573-589, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1525-1314.1999.00220.x

S. M. Reddy, J. Wheeler, R. W. Butler, R. A. Cliff, S. Freeman et al., Kinematic reworking and exhumation within the convergent Alpine Orogen, Tectonophysics, vol.365, issue.1-4, pp.77-102, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00017-9

G. Rimmelé, T. Parra, B. Goffé, R. Oberhänsli, L. Jolivet et al., Exhumation Paths of High-Pressure-Low-Temperature Metamorphic Rocks from the Lycian Nappes and the Menderes Massif (SW Turkey): a Multi-Equilibrium Approach, Journal of Petrology, vol.46, issue.3, pp.641-669, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/petrology/egh092

Y. Rolland, J. M. Lardeaux, S. Guillot, and C. Nicollet, Extension syn-convergence, poin??onnement vertical et unit??s m??tamorphiques contrast??es en bordure ouest du Grand Paradis (Alpes Franco-Italiennes), Geodinamica Acta, vol.13, issue.2-3, 2000.
DOI : 10.1080/09853111.2000.11105369

G. Rosenbaum and G. S. Lister, The Western Alps from the Jurassic to Oligocene: spatio-temporal constraints and evolutionary reconstructions, Earth-Science Reviews, vol.69, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.10.001

F. Roure, R. Polino, and R. Nicolich, Early Neogene deformation beneath the Po plain : constraints of the post-collisional Alpine evolution, pp.309-322, 1990.

D. Rubatto, Dating of pre-Alpine magmatism, Jurassic ophiolites and Alpine subductions in the Western Alps, p.160, 1998.

D. Rubatto and D. Gebauer, Eo/Oligocene (35 Ma) high-pressure metamorphism in the Gornergrat Zone (Monte Rosa, Western Alps): implications for paleogeography, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt, vol.79, pp.353-362, 1999.

D. Rubatto, D. Gebauer, and R. Compagnoni, Dating of eclogite-facies zircons: the age of Alpine metamorphism in the Sesia???Lanzo Zone (Western Alps), Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.167, issue.3-4, pp.141-158, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00031-X

D. Rubatto, D. Gebauer, and M. Fanning, Jurassic formation and Eocene subduction of the Zermatt-Saas-Fee ophiolites: implications for the geodynamic evolution of the Central and Western Alps, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.132, issue.3, pp.269-287, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/s004100050421

D. Rubatto and J. Hermann, Zircon formation during fluid circulation in eclogites (Monviso, Western Alps): implications for Zr and Hf budget in subduction zones, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.67, issue.12, pp.2173-2187, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01321-2

G. Ruffet, G. Féraud, G. Ballèvre, and J. R. Kiénast, Plateau ages and excess argon in phengites: an 40Ar???39Ar laser probe study of Alpine micas (Sesia Zone, Western Alps, northern Italy), Chemical Geology, vol.121, issue.1-4, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2541(94)00132-R

N. Sabil, La datation par traces de fission: aspects méthodologiques et applications thermochronologiques en contexte alpin et de marge continentale, Thèse non publiée, 1995.

S. Scaillet, Collision continentale et évolution isotopique des micas blancs de haute pression au cours de la rétromorphose ; etude structurales et 40Ar/39Ar par sonde à laser continu de la partie médiane du massif de Dora-Maira, Val Pellice, Thèse non publiée, 1990.

S. Scaillet, K-Ar (40Ar/39Ar) Geochronology of Ultrahigh Pressure Rocks, pp.161-201, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-015-9050-1_7

S. Scaillet, G. Féraud, M. Ballèvre, and M. Amouric, and [(Mg,Fe)Si-Al2] compositional control on argon behaviour in high-pressure white micas: A continuous laser-probe study from the Dora-Maira nappe of the internal western Alps, Italy, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.56, issue.7, pp.2851-2872, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90364-O

U. Schärer, M. Ballèvre, D. Castelli, G. Féraud, and G. Ruffet, Evidence for a single short-lived phase of deep subduction in the Western Alps : new U-Pb and Rb-Sr data. EUG Meeting No 10, J. Con. Abstr, vol.4, 1999.

S. M. Schmid, B. Fügenschuh, E. Kissling, and R. Schuster, Tectonic map and overall architecture of the Alpine orogen, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, vol.97, issue.1, pp.93-117, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s00015-004-1113-x

S. Schmid and E. Kissling, The arc of the western Alps in the light of geophysical data on deep crustal structure, Tectonics, vol.242, issue.1, pp.92-85, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/1999TC900057

S. Schwartz, La zone piémontaise des Alpes occidentales : un paléo-complexe de subduction. Argument métamorphiques, géochronologiques et structuraux, Thèse de doctorat, université Claude Bernard, 2002.

V. W. Sletten and T. C. Onstott, The Effect of the Instability of Muscovite During In Vacuo Heating on 40Ar/39Ar Step-Heating Spectra, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.62, issue.1, pp.123-141, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00323-2

F. S. Spear, Metamorphic Phase Equilibria and Pressure-Temperature-Time Paths, 1993.

S. Spencer, A kinematic analysis incorporating incremental strain data for the Frontal Pennine Zones of the western French Alps, Tectonophysics, vol.206, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(92)90381-F

C. Spötl, F. J. Longstaffe, K. Ramseyer, and B. Rüdinger, Authigenic albite in carbonate rocks - a tracer for deep-burial brine migration?, Sedimentology, vol.90, issue.4, pp.649-666, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90042-U

G. Stampfli, Le Briançonnais : Terrain exotique dans les Alpes? Eclogae Geol, Helv, vol.86, pp.1-45, 1993.

E. Staub, Gedanken zum Bau der Westalpen zwischen Bernina und Mittelmeer Mitt, Geol. Inst. Eidg. Techn. Hochsch. Univ, 1942.

R. H. Steiger and E. Jäger, Subcommission on geochronology: Convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmochronology, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.36, issue.3, pp.359-362, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(77)90060-7

P. Strzerzynski, Evolution tectono-métamorphique et évolution 3D le long du projet ferroviaire Lyon-Turin (Maurienne, Alpes) Thèse de l, 2006.

P. Strzerzynski, S. Guillot, H. Leloup, P. Ledru, G. Courrioux et al., Brittle deformation between the Ambin and Vanoise domes in the frame of the structural evolution of the internal Alpine belt Evolution of the western Alps: insights from metamorphism, structural geology, tectonics and geochronology, 2004.

C. Sue and P. Tricart, Late Alpine brittle extension above the Frontal Pennine Thrust near Briançon, Western Alps, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, vol.92, pp.171-181, 1999.

H. Takeshita, H. Shimoya, and T. Itaya, White mica K-Ar ages of blueschist-facies rocks from the Piemonte 'calc-schists' of the western Italian Alps, The Island Arc, vol.63, issue.3, pp.151-162, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(90)90349-D

M. Tardy, E. Deville, S. Fudral, S. Guellec, G. Ménard et al., Interprétation des données du profil sismique-réflexion profonde ECORS-CROP Alpes entre le front pennique et la ligne insubrienne, pp.217-226, 1990.

P. Termier, Que la série cristallophyllienne de la Vanoise et du Mont Pourri est bien d'âge permien ou carbonifère, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, pp.641-645, 1927.

G. R. Tilton, W. Schreyer, and H. P. Schertl, Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic behaviour of deeply subducted crustal rocks from the Dora Maira massif, Western Alps, Italy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol.73, pp.1391-1400, 1989.

G. R. Tilton, W. Schreyer, and H. P. Schertl, Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic behavior of deeply subducted crustal rocks from the Dora Maira Massif, Western Alps, Italy, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.53, issue.6, pp.22-33, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(89)90071-9

P. Tricart, S. Schwartz, C. Sue, and J. Lardeaux, Evidence of synextension tilting and doming during final exhumation from analysis of multistage faults (Queyras Schistes lustr??s, Western Alps), Journal of Structural Geology, vol.26, issue.9, pp.1633-1645, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2004.02.002

P. Tricart, P. Van-der-beek, S. Schwartz, and E. Labrin, Diachronous late-stage exhumation across the western Alpine arc: constraints from apatite fission-track thermochronology between the Pelvoux and Dora-Maira Massifs, Journal of the Geological Society, vol.164, issue.1, pp.1-12, 2007.
DOI : 10.1144/0016-76492005-174

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00126133

R. Trümpy, Remarques sur la corrélation des unités penniques externes antre la Savoie et le Valais et sur l'origine des nappes préalpines, Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol.5, issue.6, pp.217-231, 1955.

R. Trümpy, PALEOTECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN ALPS, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.71, issue.6, pp.843-908, 1960.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1960)71[843:PEOTCA]2.0.CO;2

T. Tsujimori, V. B. Sisson, J. G. Liou, G. E. Harlow, and S. S. Sorensen, Very-low-temperature record of the subduction process: A review of worldwide lawsonite eclogites, Lithos, vol.92, issue.3-4, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.lithos.2006.03.054

T. E. Tullis, Experiments on the origin of slaty cleavage and schistosity, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.87, issue.5, pp.745-753, 1976.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<745:EOTOOS>2.0.CO;2

W. H. Twenhofel, Principles of sedimentation, 1950.

&. Valasek and . Mueller, A 3D tectonic model of the Central Alps based on an integrated interpretation of seismic refraction and NRP20 reflection data, Deep structure of the Swiss Alps, 1997.

B. Velde, Phengite micas; synthesis, stability, and natural occurrence, American Journal of Science, vol.263, issue.10, pp.886-913, 1965.
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.263.10.886

B. Velde, Si+4 Content of natural phengites, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.8, issue.3, pp.250-258, 1967.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00376643

O. Vidal and T. Parra, Exhumation paths of high pressure metapelites obtained from local equilibria for chlorite-phengite assemblages Geol, J, vol.35, issue.34, pp.139-161, 2000.

O. Vidal, T. Parra, and F. Trotet, A thermodynamic model for FE-MG aluminous chlorite using data from phase equilibrium experiments and natural pelitic assemblages in the 100?? to 600??C, 1 to 25 kb range, American Journal of Science, vol.301, issue.6, pp.557-592, 2001.
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.301.6.557

O. Vidal, T. Parra, and P. Vieillard, Thermodynamic properties of the Tscherrmak solid solution in Fe-chlorites: Application to natural examples and possible role of oxidation, Am. Mineral, vol.90, pp.359-370, 2005.

I. M. Villa, Isotopic closure, Terra Nova, vol.9, issue.1, pp.42-47, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00103-9

V. Blankenburg, F. Davies, and J. H. , Slab breakoff: A model for syncollisional magmatism and tectonics in the Alps, Tectonics, vol.117, issue.43, pp.120-131, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/94TC02051

D. Wever, P. Caby, and R. , Datation de la base des Schistes Lustrés post-ophiolitiques par des radiolaires (oxfordien supérieur ? kiméridgien moyen) dans les Alpes cottiennes (Saint Veran, Fr), C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol.292, pp.467-472, 1981.

J. Wheeler and R. W. Butler, Evidence for extension in the western Alpine orogen: the contact between the oceanic Piemonte and overlying continental Sesia units, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.117, issue.3-4, pp.457-474, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90097-S

J. Wheeler, S. M. Reddy, and R. A. Cliff, Kinematic linkage between internal zone extension and shortening in more external units in the NW Alps, Journal of the Geological Society, vol.158, issue.3, pp.439-443, 2001.
DOI : 10.1144/jgs.158.3.439

J. R. Wijbrans and I. Mcdougall, Metamorphic evolution of the Attic Cycladic Metamorphic Belt on Naxos (Cyclades, Greece) utilizing 40Ar/39Ar age spectrum measurements, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.50, issue.5, pp.571-594, 1988.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1525-1314.1988.tb00441.x

P. Yamato, P. Agard, B. Goffé, V. De-andrade, O. Vidal et al., New, high-precision P?T estimates for Oman blueschists: implications for obduction, nappe stacking and exhumation processes, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.24, issue.6, pp.657-682, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90075-K

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00144464