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. Résumé, nous nous sommes intéressés à la dynamique de spins dans des plots ferromagnétiques individuels de CoPt 3 et de permalloy (le diamètre varie de 0.25 à 30 ?m) Le montage expérimental consiste en des mesures magnéto-optique Kerr pompe sonde en géométrie confocale (la résolution spatiale est 300 nm ; la résolution temporelle est 150 fs) Nous avons montré que la dynamique d'aimantation dépend fortement de la densité d'excitation laser notamment le temps de relaxation spin-réseau et la fréquence de précession. Nous avons également étudié l'expansion spatiale de la désaimantation dans un plot individuel. De plus, nous avons développé une technique d'imagerie résolue en temps permettant d'étudier le renversement d'aimantation dans des films et plots individuels de CoPt. Nous avons exploré l'effet des différents paramètres : intensité laser, champ magnétique appliqué, et la nature cristalline du substrat (alliage, multicouches) sur le renversement d'aimantation. Enfin, nous avons étudié par microscope à force magnétique la structure des domaines magnétiques induite par laser. Nous avons également étudié la dynamique cohérente d'aimantation de nanoparticules magnétiques (le diamètre moyen varie de 2 à 10 nm) excitées par des impulsions laser. L'analyse de la trajectoire d'aimantation dans les trois directions de l'espace (polaire, longitudinal, transverse) après l'excitation optique (> 120 fs) nous a permis de mettre en évidence la désaimantation ultrarapide (~ 200 fs), le mouvement gyroscopique de l'aimantation (précession et l'amortissement de l'aimantation) qui précède les fluctuations super-paramagnétiques, Nous avons exploré le rôle de l'anisotropie magnétique sur la réorientation initiale de l'aimantation et nous avons montré que le damping augmente avec la diminution de la taille de particules