V. Adam-vizi and C. Chinopoulos, Bioenergetics and the formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol.27, issue.12, pp.639-645, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tips.2006.10.005

E. Alcamo, J. P. Mizgerd, B. H. Horwitz, R. Bronson, A. A. Beg et al., Targeted Mutation of TNF Receptor I Rescues the RelA-Deficient Mouse and Reveals a Critical Role for NF-??B in Leukocyte Recruitment, The Journal of Immunology, vol.167, issue.3, pp.1592-1600, 2001.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.167.3.1592

M. C. Alves-guerra, S. Rousset, C. Pecqueur, Z. Mallat, J. Blanc et al., Bone Marrow Transplantation Reveals the in Vivo Expression of the Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 in Immune and Nonimmune Cells during Inflammation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.43, pp.42307-42319, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M306951200

Z. B. Andrews, B. Horvath, C. J. Barnstable, J. Elsworth, L. Yang et al., Uncoupling Protein-2 Is Critical for Nigral Dopamine Cell Survival in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.25, issue.1, pp.184-91, 2005.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4269-04.2005

A. Y. Andreyev, Y. E. Kushnareva, and A. A. Starkov, Mitochondrial metabolism of reactive oxygen species, Biochemistry (Moscow), vol.1058, issue.13, pp.200-214, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s10541-005-0102-7

D. Arsenijevic, H. Onuma, C. Pecqueur, S. Raimbault, B. S. Manning et al., Disruption of the uncoupling protein-2 gene in mice reveals a role in immunity and reactive oxygen species production, Nat. Genet, vol.26, pp.435-444, 2000.

K. Asehnoune, D. Strassheim, S. Mitra, J. Y. Kim, and E. Abraham, Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Activation of NF-??B, The Journal of Immunology, vol.172, issue.4, pp.2522-2531, 2004.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.172.4.2522

M. A. Atkinson and G. S. Eisenbarth, Type 1 diabetes: new perspectives on disease pathogenesis and treatment, The Lancet, vol.358, issue.9277, pp.221-230, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05415-0

T. Awata, S. Kurihara, M. Iitaka, S. Takei, I. Inoue et al., Association of CTLA-4 Gene A-G Polymorphism (IDDM12 Locus) With Acute-Onset and Insulin-Depleted IDDM as Well as Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (Graves' Disease and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis) in the Japanese Population, Diabetes, vol.47, issue.1, pp.128-137, 1998.
DOI : 10.2337/diab.47.1.128

Y. Bai, H. Onuma, X. Bai, A. V. Medvedev, M. Misukonis et al., Persistent Nuclear Factor-??B Activation in Ucp2-/- Mice Leads to Enhanced Nitric Oxide and Inflammatory Cytokine Production, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.19, pp.19062-19071, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M500566200

C. W. Baldridge and R. W. Gerard, The extra respiration of phagocytosis, Am. J. Physiol, vol.103, pp.235-236, 1933.

K. Bedard and K. H. Krause, The NOX Family of ROS-Generating NADPH Oxidases: Physiology and Pathophysiology, Physiological Reviews, vol.87, issue.1, pp.245-313, 2007.
DOI : 10.1152/physrev.00044.2005

S. T. Bennett and J. A. Todd, HUMAN TYPE 1 DIABETES AND THE INSULIN GENE: Principles of Mapping Polygenes, Annual Review of Genetics, vol.30, issue.1, pp.343-70, 1996.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.343

J. Blanc, M. C. Alves-guerra, B. Esposito, S. Rousset, P. Gourdy et al., Protective Role of Uncoupling Protein 2 in Atherosclerosis, Circulation, vol.107, issue.3, pp.388-90, 2003.
DOI : 10.1161/01.CIR.0000051722.66074.60

J. Blanchette, M. Jaramillo, and M. Olivier, Signalling events involved in interferon-gamma-inducible macrophage nitric oxide generation, Immunology, vol.100, issue.4, pp.513-535, 2003.
DOI : 10.1006/niox.2001.0415

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1782926

J. M. Blander and R. Medzhitov, On regulation of phagosome maturation and antigen presentation, Nature Immunology, vol.173, issue.10, pp.1029-1064, 2006.
DOI : 10.1084/jem.20052433

D. Bleich, S. Chen, B. Zipser, D. Sun, C. D. Funk et al., Resistance to type 1 diabetes induction in 12-lipoxygenase knockout mice, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.103, issue.10, pp.1431-1437, 1999.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI5241

J. Bloom, V. Amador, F. Bartolini, G. Demartino, and M. Pagano, Proteasome-Mediated Degradation of p21 via N-Terminal Ubiquitinylation, Cell, vol.115, issue.1, pp.71-82, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00755-4

F. Bouillaud, D. Ricquier, J. Thibault, and J. Weissenbach, Molecular approach to thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue: cDNA cloning of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.82, issue.2, pp.445-453, 1985.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.82.2.445

L. Bordone, M. C. Motta, F. Picard, A. Robinson, U. S. Jhala et al., Sirt1 Regulates Insulin Secretion by Repressing UCP2 in Pancreatic ?? Cells, PLoS Biology, vol.146, issue.2, p.31, 2006.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040031.sg001

D. Bosisio, N. Polentarutti, M. Sironi, S. Bernasconi, K. Miyake et al., Stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 expression in human mononuclear phagocytes by interferon-gamma : a molecular basis for priming and synergism with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, Blood, vol.99, issue.9, pp.3427-3458, 2002.
DOI : 10.1182/blood.V99.9.3427

M. D. Brand, C. Affourtit, T. C. Esteves, K. Green, A. J. Lambert et al., Mitochondrial superoxide: production, biological effects, and activation of uncoupling proteins, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol.37, issue.6, pp.755-67, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.05.034

M. D. Brand and T. C. Esteves, Physiological functions of the mitochondrial uncoupling proteins UCP2 and UCP3, Cell Metabolism, vol.2, issue.2, pp.85-93, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2005.06.002

R. Brentjens and L. Saltz, ISLET CELL TUMORS OF THE PANCREAS, Surgical Clinics of North America, vol.81, issue.3, pp.527-569, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0039-6109(05)70141-9

I. Briaud, C. L. Kelpe, L. M. Johnson, P. O. Tran, and V. Poitout, Differential Effects of Hyperlipidemia on Insulin Secretion in Islets of Langerhans From Hyperglycemic Versus Normoglycemic Rats, Diabetes, vol.51, issue.3, pp.662-670, 2002.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.51.3.662

K. Brown, S. Gerstberger, L. Carlson, G. Franzoso, and U. Siebenlist, Control of I kappa B-alpha proteolysis by site-specific, signal-induced phosphorylation, Science, vol.267, issue.5203, pp.1485-1493, 1995.
DOI : 10.1126/science.7878466

N. Brustovetsky and M. Klingenberg, The reconstituted ADP/ATP carrier can mediate H+ transport by free fatty acids, which is further stimulated by mersalyl, J Biol Chem, vol.269, pp.27329-27365, 1994.

R. Bustos and F. Sobrino, Stimulation of glycolysis as an activation signal in rat peritoneal macrophages. Effect of glucocorticoids on this process, Biochemical Journal, vol.282, issue.1, pp.299-303, 1992.
DOI : 10.1042/bj2820299

Y. Cakir and S. W. Ballinger, Reactive Species-Mediated Regulation of Cell Signaling and the Cell Cycle: The Role of MAPK, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, vol.7, issue.5-6, pp.726-766, 2005.
DOI : 10.1089/ars.2005.7.726

B. Cannon and J. Nedergaard, Brown Adipose Tissue: Function and Physiological Significance, Physiological Reviews, vol.84, issue.1, pp.277-359, 2004.
DOI : 10.1152/physrev.00015.2003

Z. Cao, W. J. Henzel, and X. Gao, IRAK: A Kinase Associated with the Interleukin-1 Receptor, Science, vol.271, issue.5252, pp.1128-1159, 1996.
DOI : 10.1126/science.271.5252.1128

Z. Cao, J. Xiong, M. Takeuchi, T. Kurama, and D. V. Goeddel, TRAF6 is a signal transducer for interleukin-1, Nature, vol.383, issue.6599, pp.443-449, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/383443a0

M. Cetkovic-cvrlje, I. C. Gerling, A. Muir, M. A. Atkinson, J. F. Elliott et al., Retardation or acceleration of diabetes in NOD/Lt mice mediated by intrathymic administration of candidate beta-cell antigens, Diabetes, vol.46, issue.12, pp.1975-82, 1997.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.46.12.1975

C. B. Chan, D. Leo, D. Joseph, J. W. Mcquaid, T. S. Ha et al., Increased Uncoupling Protein-2 Levels in ??-cells Are Associated With Impaired Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion: Mechanism of Action, Diabetes, vol.50, issue.6, pp.1302-1312, 2001.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.50.6.1302

B. Chance, H. Sies, and A. Boveris, Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs, Physiol. Rev, vol.59, pp.527-605, 1979.

K. Chen, J. A. Vita, B. C. Berk, J. F. Keaney, and . Jr, c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Activation by Hydrogen Peroxide in Endothelial Cells Involves Src-dependent Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.276, issue.19, pp.16045-50, 2001.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M011766200

P. Chen, J. Li, J. Barnes, G. C. Kokkonen, J. C. Lee et al., Restraint of Proinflammatory Cytokine Biosynthesis by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages, The Journal of Immunology, vol.169, issue.11, pp.6408-6424, 2002.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.169.11.6408

Q. Chen, E. J. Vazquez, S. Moghaddas, C. L. Hoppel, and E. J. Lesnefsky, Production of Reactive Oxygen Species by Mitochondria: CENTRAL ROLE OF COMPLEX III, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.38, pp.36027-36058, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M304854200

Z. J. Chen, Ubiquitin signalling in the NF-kappaB pathway, Nat. Cell. Biol, pp.758-65, 2005.

H. Chen, X. Li, and P. N. Epstein, MnSOD and Catalase Transgenes Demonstrate That Protection of Islets From Oxidative Stress Does Not Alter Cytokine Toxicity, Diabetes, vol.54, issue.5, pp.1437-1483, 2005.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1437

E. Chevillotte, M. Giralt, B. Miroux, D. Ricquier, and F. Villarroya, Uncoupling Protein-2 Controls Adiponectin Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue Through the Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Diabetes, vol.56, issue.4, pp.1042-50, 2007.
DOI : 10.2337/db06-1300

S. W. Christianson, L. D. Shultz, and E. H. Leiter, Adoptive Transfer of Diabetes Into Immunodeficient NOD-scid/scid Mice: Relative Contributions of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cells From Diabetic Versus Prediabetic NOD.NON-Thy-1a Donors, Diabetes, vol.42, issue.1, pp.44-55, 1993.
DOI : 10.2337/diab.42.1.44

S. Clavel, E. Paradis, D. Ricquier, and D. Richard, Kainic acid upregulates uncoupling protein-2 mRNA expression in the mouse brain, NeuroReport, vol.14, issue.16, pp.2015-2022, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00001756-200311140-00002

A. Collin, J. Buyse, P. Van-as, V. M. Darras, R. D. Malheiros et al., Cold-induced enhancement of avian uncoupling protein expression, heat production, and triiodothyronine concentrations in broiler chicks, General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol.130, issue.1, pp.70-77, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-6480(02)00571-3

B. Conti, S. Sugama, J. Lucero, R. Winsky-sommerer, S. A. Wirz et al., Uncoupling protein???2 protects dopaminergic neurons from acute 1,2,3,6-methyl-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine toxicity, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.281, issue.2, pp.493-501, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03052.x

B. Conti, M. Sanchez-alavez, R. Winsky-sommerer, M. C. Morale, J. Lucero et al., Transgenic Mice with a Reduced Core Body Temperature Have an Increased Life Span, Science, vol.314, issue.5800, pp.825-833, 2006.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1132191

A. Coppola, Z. W. Liu, Z. B. Andrews, E. Paradis, M. C. Roy et al., A Central Thermogenic-like Mechanism in Feeding Regulation: An Interplay between Arcuate Nucleus T3 and UCP2, Cell Metabolism, vol.5, issue.1, pp.21-33, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.12.002

C. Rosa, L. F. Curi, R. Murphy, C. Newsholme, and P. , -dependent ???malic??? enzyme, Biochemical Journal, vol.310, issue.2, pp.709-723, 1995.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3100709

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00025569

E. Couplan, M. Del-mar-gonzalez-barroso, M. C. Alves-guerra, D. Ricquier, M. Goubern et al., No Evidence for a Basal, Retinoic, or Superoxide-induced Uncoupling Activity of the Uncoupling Protein 2 Present in Spleen or Lung Mitochondria, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.29, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M202535200

D. Adamo, M. Perego, L. Cardellini, M. Marini, M. A. Frontoni et al., The -866A/A Genotype in the Promoter of the Human Uncoupling Protein 2 Gene Is Associated With Insulin Resistance and Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, Diabetes, vol.53, issue.7, pp.1905-1915, 2004.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.53.7.1905

G. Dahlquist, Non-genetic risk determinants of type 1 diabetes, Diabete Metab, vol.20, pp.251-258, 1994.

P. Dandona, A. Aljada, and A. Bandyopadhyay, Inflammation: the link between insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes, Trends in Immunology, vol.25, issue.1, pp.4-7, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.it.2003.10.013

R. J. Davis, 1. Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase, Biochem. Soc. Symp, vol.64, pp.1-12, 1999.
DOI : 10.1515/9781400865048.1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00166111

F. De-bilbao, D. Arsenijevic, P. Vallet, O. P. Hjelle, O. P. Ottersen et al., Resistance to cerebral ischemic injury in UCP2 knockout mice: evidence for a role of UCP2 as a regulator of mitochondrial glutathione levels, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.89, issue.5, pp.1283-92, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02432.x

D. Souza, C. T. Araujo, E. P. Stoppiglia, L. F. Pauli, J. R. Ropelle et al., Inhibition of UCP2 expression reverses diet-induced diabetes mellitus by effects on both insulin secretion and action, The FASEB Journal, vol.21, issue.4, pp.1153-63, 2007.
DOI : 10.1096/fj.06-7148com

E. Y. Denkers, B. A. Butcher, D. Rio, L. Bennouna, and S. , Neutrophils, dendritic cells and Toxoplasma, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.34, issue.3, pp.411-432, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijpara.2003.11.001

E. Y. Denkers, B. A. Butcher, D. Rio, L. Kim, and L. , Manipulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-kappaB-signaling cascades during intracellular Toxoplasma gondii infection, Immunological Reviews, vol.10, issue.1, pp.191-205, 2004.
DOI : 10.1083/jcb.127.4.947

S. Diano, R. T. Matthews, P. Patrylo, L. Yang, M. F. Beal et al., Uncoupling Protein 2 Prevents Neuronal Death Including that Occurring during Seizures: A Mechanism for Preconditioning, Endocrinology, vol.144, issue.11, pp.5014-5035, 2003.
DOI : 10.1210/en.2003-0667

K. Dorfman, D. Carrasco, M. Gruda, C. Ryan, S. A. Lira et al., Disruption of the erp/mkp-1 gene does not affect mouse development: normal MAP kinase activity in ERP/MKP-1-deficient fibroblasts, Oncogene, vol.13, pp.925-956, 1996.

D. L. Eizirik and T. Mandrup-poulsen, A choice of death - the signal-transduction of immune-mediated beta-cell apoptosis, Diabetologia, vol.44, issue.12, pp.2115-2148, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s001250100021

D. L. Eizirik and M. I. Darville, Beta-cell apoptosis and defense mechanisms: lessons from type 1 diabetes, Diabetes, vol.50, issue.Supplement 1, pp.64-73, 2001.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.50.2007.S64

R. Eldor, A. Yeffet, K. Baum, V. Doviner, D. Amar et al., Conditional and specific NF-??B blockade protects pancreatic beta cells from diabetogenic agents, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.13, pp.5072-5079, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0508166103

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1458796

H. Esterbauer, C. Schneitler, H. Oberkofler, C. Ebenbichler, B. Paulweber et al., A common polymorphism in the promoter of UCP2 is associated with decreased risk of obesity in middle-aged humans, Nature Genetics, vol.28, issue.2, pp.178-83, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/88911

H. Fan and J. A. Cook, Molecular mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance, Journal of Endotoxin Research, vol.10, issue.2, pp.71-84, 2004.
DOI : 10.1179/096805104225003997

T. Finkel, Oxygen radicals and signaling, Current Opinion in Cell Biology, vol.10, issue.2, pp.248-53, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0955-0674(98)80147-6

C. Fleury, M. Neverova, S. Collins, S. Raimbault, O. Champigny et al., Uncoupling protein-2: a novel gene linked to obesity and hyperinsulinemia, Nature Genetics, vol.281, issue.3, pp.269-72, 1997.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199508103330605

M. Flodstrom, B. Tyrberg, D. L. Eizirik, and S. Sandler, Reduced sensitivity of inducible nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice to multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes, Diabetes, vol.48, issue.4, pp.706-719, 1999.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.48.4.706

L. Flohe, R. Brigelius-flohe, C. Saliou, M. G. Traber, and L. Packer, Redox Regulation of NF-kappa B Activation, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol.22, issue.6, pp.1115-1141, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00501-1

A. Farooq and M. M. Zhou, Structure and regulation of MAPK phosphatases, Cellular Signalling, vol.16, issue.7, pp.769-79, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cellsig.2003.12.008

H. J. Forman and M. Torres, Redox signaling in macrophages, Molecular Aspects of Medicine, vol.22, issue.4-5, pp.189-216, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0098-2997(01)00010-3

I. Fridovich, The biology of oxygen radicals, Science, vol.201, issue.4359, pp.875-80, 1978.
DOI : 10.1126/science.210504

R. F. Furchgott and J. V. Zawadzki, The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine, Nature, vol.265, issue.5789, pp.373-379, 1980.
DOI : 10.1038/288373a0

D. R. Gable, J. W. Stephens, J. A. Cooper, G. J. Miller, and S. E. Humphries, Variation in the UCP2-UCP3 Gene Cluster Predicts the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Healthy Middle-Aged Men, Diabetes, vol.55, issue.5, pp.1504-1515, 2006.
DOI : 10.2337/db05-1645

P. R. Gardner and I. Fridovich, Inactivation-reactivation of aconitase in Escherichia coli. A sensitive measure of superoxide radical, J. Biol. Chem, vol.267, pp.8757-63, 1992.

P. R. Gardner, Aconitase: Sensitive target and measure of superoxide, Methods Enzymol, vol.349, pp.9-23, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(02)49317-2

K. D. Garlid, M. Jaburek, and P. Jezek, The mechanism of proton transport mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling proteins, FEBS Letters, vol.4, issue.1-2, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01246-0

G. Gloire, S. Legrand-poels, and J. Piette, NF-??B activation by reactive oxygen species: Fifteen years later, Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.72, issue.11, pp.1493-505, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.04.011

F. Goglia and V. P. Skulachev, A function for novel uncoupling proteins: antioxidant defense of mitochondrial matrix by translocating fatty acid peroxides from the inner to the outer membrane leaflet, The FASEB Journal, vol.17, issue.12, pp.1585-91, 2003.
DOI : 10.1096/fj.03-0159hyp

S. Gordon and P. R. Taylor, Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.33, issue.12, pp.953-64, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/nri1733

P. H. Groeneveld, N. Van-rooijen, and P. Eikelenboom, In-vivo effects of lipopolysaccharide on lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells in the mouse spleen, Cell and Tissue Research, vol.234, issue.1, pp.201-209, 1983.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00217413

M. Guha and N. Mackman, LPS induction of gene expression in human monocytes, Cellular Signalling, vol.13, issue.2, pp.85-94, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0898-6568(00)00149-2

B. Halliwell, M. V. Clement, and L. H. Long, Hydrogen peroxide in the human body, FEBS Letters, vol.20, issue.1, pp.10-13, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02197-9

M. Hamon, H. Bierne, and P. Cossart, Listeria monocytogenes: a multifaceted model, Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol.73, issue.6, pp.423-457, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nrmicro1413

J. Han, J. D. Lee, P. S. Tobias, and R. J. Ulevitch, Endotoxin induces rapid protein tyrosine phosphorylation in 70Z/3 cells expressing CD14, J. Biol. Chem, vol.268, pp.25009-25023, 1993.

J. Han, J. D. Lee, L. Bibbs, and R. J. Ulevitch, A MAP kinase targeted by endotoxin and hyperosmolarity in mammalian cells, Science, vol.265, issue.5173, pp.808-819, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.7914033

J. T. Hancock and O. T. Jones, The inhibition by diphenyleneiodonium and its analogues of superoxide generation by macrophages, Biochemical Journal, vol.242, issue.1, pp.103-110, 1987.
DOI : 10.1042/bj2420103

H. Hanenberg, V. Kolb-bachofen, G. Kantwerk-funke, and H. Kolb, Macrophage infiltration precedes and is a prerequisite for lymphocytic insulitis in pancreatic islets of pre-diabetic BB rats, Diabetologia, vol.32, issue.2, pp.126-160, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00505185

J. A. Harper, J. A. Stuart, M. B. Jekabsons, D. Roussel, K. M. Brindle et al., Artifactual uncoupling by uncoupling protein 3 in yeast mitochondria at the concentrations found in mouse and rat skeletal-muscle mitochondria, Biochemical Journal, vol.361, issue.1, pp.49-56, 2002.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3610049

R. Haworth, N. Platt, S. Keshav, D. Hughes, E. Darley et al., The Macrophage Scavenger Receptor Type A Is Expressed by Activated Macrophages and Protects the Host Against Lethal Endotoxic Shock, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.93, issue.7, pp.1431-1440, 1997.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.93.7.2774

G. M. Heaton, R. J. Wagenvoord, A. Kemp, . Jr, and D. G. Nicholls, Brown-Adipose-Tissue Mitochondria: Photoaffinity Labelling of the Regulatory Site of Energy Dissipation, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.67, issue.2, pp.515-536, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80169-5

T. Herrling, J. Fuchs, J. Rehberg, and N. Groth, UV-induced free radicals in the skin detected by ESR spectroscopy and imaging using nitroxides. Free Radic, Biol. Med, vol.35, pp.59-67, 2003.

P. G. Heyworth, J. T. Curnutte, W. M. Nauseef, B. D. Volpp, D. W. Pearson et al., Neutrophil nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase assembly. Translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox requires interaction between p47-phox and cytochrome b558., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.87, issue.1, pp.352-358, 1991.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI114993

P. G. Heyworth, A. R. Cross, and J. T. Curnutte, Chronic granulomatous disease, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.15, issue.5, pp.578-84, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0952-7915(03)00109-2

F. Homo-delarche, S. Calderari, J. C. Irminger, M. N. Gangnerau, J. Coulaud et al., Islet Inflammation and Fibrosis in a Spontaneous Model of Type 2 Diabetes, the GK Rat, Diabetes, vol.55, issue.6, pp.1625-1658, 2006.
DOI : 10.2337/db05-1526

F. Horio, M. Fukuda, H. Katoh, M. Petruzzelli, N. Yano et al., Reactive oxygen intermediates in autoimmune islet cell destruction of the NOD mouse induced by peritoneal exudate cells (rich in macrophages) but not T cells, Diabetologia, vol.37, issue.Suppl 2, pp.22-31, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00428773

T. L. Horvath, S. Diano, S. Miyamoto, S. Barry, S. Gatti et al., Uncoupling proteins-2 and 3 influence obesity and inflammation in transgenic mice, International Journal of Obesity, vol.27, issue.4, pp.433-475, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802257

H. Y. Hsu and M. H. Wen, Lipopolysaccharide-mediated Reactive Oxygen Species and Signal Transduction in the Regulation of Interleukin-1 Gene Expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.25, pp.22131-22140, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M111883200

X. Hu, C. Herrero, W. P. Li, T. T. Antoniv, E. Falck-pedersen et al., Sensitization of IFN-?? Jak-STAT signaling during macrophage activation, Nature Immunology, vol.3, issue.9, pp.859-66, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/ni828

C. Hurtaud, C. Gelly, F. Bouillaud, and C. Levi-meyrueis, Translation control of UCP2 synthesis by the upstream open reading frame, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, vol.63, issue.15, pp.1780-1789, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s00018-006-6129-0

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00136095

C. Hurtaud, C. Gelly, Z. Chen, C. Levi-meyrueis, and F. Bouillaud, Glutamine stimulates translation of Uncoupling Protein 2 mRNA, Cell. Mol. Life Sci, 2007.

E. Hypponen, E. Laara, A. Reunanen, M. R. Jarvelin, and S. M. Virtanen, Intake of vitamin D and risk of type 1 diabetes: a birth-cohort study, The Lancet, vol.358, issue.9292, pp.1500-1503, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06580-1

J. A. Imlay, S. M. Chin, and S. Linn, Toxic DNA damage by hydrogen peroxide through the Fenton reaction in vivo and in vitro, Science, vol.240, issue.4852, pp.640-642, 1988.
DOI : 10.1126/science.2834821

M. Jaburek, M. Varecha, R. E. Gimeno, M. Dembski, P. Jezek et al., Transport Function and Regulation of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins 2 and 3, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.37, pp.26003-26010, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.37.26003

A. Jansen, F. Homo-delarche, H. Hooijkaas, P. J. Leenen, M. Dardenne et al., Immunohistochemical characterization of monocytes-macrophages and dendritic cells involved in the initiation of the insulitis and beta-cell destruction in NOD mice, Diabetes, vol.43, issue.5, pp.667-75, 1994.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.43.5.667

Y. M. Janssen-heininger, M. E. Poynter, and P. A. Baeuerle, Recent advances towards understanding redox mechanisms in the activation of nuclear factor kappaB. Free Radic, Biol. Med, vol.28, pp.1317-1344, 2000.

M. Jastroch, S. Wuertz, W. Kloas, and M. Klingenspor, Uncoupling protein 1 in fish uncovers an ancient evolutionary history of mammalian nonshivering thermogenesis, Physiological Genomics, vol.22, issue.2, pp.150-156, 2005.
DOI : 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00070.2005

P. Jezek and K. D. Garlid, New substrates and competitive inhibitors of the Cltranslocating pathway of the uncoupling protein of brown adipose tissue mitochondria, 1990.

J. W. Joseph, V. Koshkin, C. Y. Zhang, J. Wang, B. B. Lowell et al., Uncoupling Protein 2 Knockout Mice Have Enhanced Insulin Secretory Capacity After a High-Fat Diet, Diabetes, vol.51, issue.11, pp.3211-3220, 2002.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.51.11.3211

J. W. Joseph, V. Koshkin, M. C. Saleh, W. I. Sivitz, C. Y. Zhang et al., Free Fatty Acid-induced ??-Cell Defects Are Dependent on Uncoupling Protein 2 Expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.279, issue.49, pp.51049-56, 2004.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M409189200

H. S. Jun, P. Santamaria, H. W. Lim, M. L. Zhang, and J. W. Yoon, Absolute requirement of macrophages for the development and activation of beta-cell cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells in T-cell receptor transgenic NOD mice, Diabetes, vol.48, issue.1, pp.34-42, 1999.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.48.1.34

H. S. Jun, C. S. Yoon, L. Zbytnuik, N. Van-rooijen, and J. W. Yoon, The Role of Macrophages in T Cell???mediated Autoimmune Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.71, issue.2, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80178-6

H. Kamata and H. Hirata, Redox Regulation of Cellular Signalling, Cellular Signalling, vol.11, issue.1, pp.1-14, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0898-6568(98)00037-0

P. Kanakaraj, P. H. Schafer, D. E. Cavender, Y. Wu, K. Ngo et al., Interleukin (IL)-1 Receptor???associated Kinase (IRAK) Requirement for Optimal Induction of Multiple IL-1 Signaling Pathways and IL-6 Production, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.158, issue.12, pp.2073-2082, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.6.3285

N. Kassis, C. Bernard, A. Pusterla, L. Casteilla, L. Penicaud et al., Correlation Between Pancreatic Islet Uncoupling Protein-2 (UCP2) mRNA Concentration And Insulin Status in Rats, International Journal of Experimental Diabetes Research, vol.1, issue.3, pp.185-93, 2000.
DOI : 10.1155/EDR.2000.185

D. L. Kaufman, M. Clare-salzler, J. Tian, T. Forsthuber, G. S. Ting et al., Spontaneous loss of T-cell tolerance to glutamic acid decarboxylase in murine insulin-dependent diabetes, Nature, vol.366, issue.6450, pp.69-72, 1993.
DOI : 10.1038/366069a0

T. Kawai, O. Adachi, T. Ogawa, K. Takeda, and S. Akira, Unresponsiveness of MyD88-Deficient Mice to Endotoxin, Immunity, vol.11, issue.1, pp.115-137, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80086-2

T. Kawai and S. Akira, TLR signaling, Cell Death and Differentiation, vol.175, issue.5, pp.816-841, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature03124

F. J. Keith and N. J. Gay, The Drosophila membrane receptor Toll can function to promote cellular adhesion, EMBO J, vol.9, pp.4299-306, 1990.

T. Kizaki, K. Suzuki, Y. Hitomi, N. Taniguchi, D. Saitoh et al., Uncoupling protein 2 plays an important role in nitric oxide production of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, Proc. Natl, 2002.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.142206299

M. A. Koay, J. W. Christman, B. H. Segal, A. Venkatakrishnan, T. R. Blackwell et al., Impaired Pulmonary NF-??B Activation in Response to Lipopolysaccharide in NADPH Oxidase-Deficient Mice, Infection and Immunity, vol.69, issue.10, pp.5991-5997, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.69.10.5991-5996.2001

H. Kolb, M. Oschilewski, U. Oschilewski, E. Schwab, C. M. Moume et al., Analysis of 22 immunomodulatory substances for efficacy in low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes, Diabetes Res, vol.6, pp.21-28, 1987.

V. Kolb-bachofen, S. Epstein, U. Kiesel, and H. Kolb, Low-Dose Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes in Mice: Electron Microscopy Reveals Single-Cell Insulitis Before Diabetes Onset, Diabetes, vol.37, issue.1, pp.21-28, 1988.
DOI : 10.2337/diab.37.1.21

K. Kobayashi, L. D. Hernandez, J. E. Galan, C. A. Janeway, . Jr et al., IRAK-M Is a Negative Regulator of Toll-like Receptor Signaling, Cell, vol.110, issue.2, pp.191-202, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00827-9

D. Kontoyiannis, M. Pasparakis, T. T. Pizarro, F. Cominelli, and G. Kollias, Impaired On/Off Regulation of TNF Biosynthesis in Mice Lacking TNF AU-Rich Elements, Immunity, vol.10, issue.3, pp.387-98, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80038-2

D. Kontoyiannis, A. Kotlyarov, E. Carballo, L. Alexopoulou, P. J. Blackshear et al., Interleukin-10 targets p38 MAPK to modulate ARE-dependent TNF mRNA translation and limit intestinal pathology, The EMBO Journal, vol.20, issue.14, pp.3760-70, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/20.14.3760

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC125555

S. Krauss, C. Y. Zhang, and B. B. Lowell, A significant portion of mitochondrial proton leak in intact thymocytes depends on expression of UCP2, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.99, issue.1, pp.118-140, 2002.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.012410699

F. Krempler, H. Esterbauer, R. Weitgasser, C. Ebenbichler, J. R. Patsch et al., A Functional Polymorphism in the Promoter of UCP2 Enhances Obesity Risk but Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Obese Middle-Aged Humans, Diabetes, vol.51, issue.11, pp.3331-3336, 2002.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.51.11.3331

J. Kwon, S. Devadas, and M. S. Williams, T cell receptor-stimulated generation of hydrogen peroxide inhibits MEK-ERK activation and lck serine phosphorylation. Free Radic, Biol. Med, vol.35, pp.406-423, 2003.

M. Laloi, M. Klein, J. W. Riesmeier, B. Muller-rober, C. Fleury et al., A plant cold-induced uncoupling protein, Nature, vol.389, issue.6647, pp.135-141, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/38156

R. Lang, M. Hammer, and J. Mages, DUSP Meet Immunology: Dual Specificity MAPK Phosphatases in Control of the Inflammatory Response, The Journal of Immunology, vol.177, issue.11, pp.7497-504, 2006.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.7497

E. Larger, C. Becourt, J. F. Bach, and C. Boitard, Pancreatic islet beta cells drive T cell-immune responses in the nonobese diabetic mouse model, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.181, issue.5, pp.1635-1677, 1995.
DOI : 10.1084/jem.181.5.1635

C. M. Larsen, K. A. Wadt, L. F. Juhl, H. U. Andersen, A. E. Karlsen et al., Interleukin-1??-induced Rat Pancreatic Islet Nitric Oxide Synthesis Requires Both the p38 and Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.24, pp.15294-300, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.24.15294

L. Stunff, C. Fallin, D. Schork, N. J. Bougneres, and P. , The insulin gene VNTR is associated with fasting insulin levels and development of juvenile obesity, Nat. Genet, vol.26, pp.444-450, 2000.

S. S. Leonard, G. K. Harris, and X. Shi, Metal-induced oxidative stress and signal transduction. Free Radic, Biol. Med, vol.37, pp.1921-1963, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.09.010

Y. Li, T. T. Huang, E. J. Carlson, S. Melov, P. C. Ursell et al., Dilated cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality in mutant mice lacking manganese superoxide dismutase, Nature Genetics, vol.37, issue.4, pp.376-81, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90270-M

Y. Li and M. A. Trush, Diphenyleneiodonium, an NAD(P)H Oxidase Inhibitor, also Potently Inhibits Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.253, issue.2, pp.295-304, 1998.
DOI : 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9729

Q. Li, G. Estepa, S. Memet, A. Israel, and I. M. Verma, Complete lack of NF-kappaB activity in IKK1 and IKK2 double-deficient mice: additional defect in neurulation, Genes Dev, vol.14, pp.1729-1762, 2000.

A. A. Like and A. A. Rossini, Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic insulitis: new model of diabetes mellitus, Science, vol.193, issue.4251, pp.415-422, 1976.
DOI : 10.1126/science.180605

S. A. Linehan and D. W. Holden, The interplay between Salmonella typhimurium and its macrophage host???what can it teach us about innate immunity?, Immunology Letters, vol.85, issue.2, pp.183-92, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-2478(02)00227-4

Y. Liu, E. G. Shepherd, and L. D. Nelin, MAPK phosphatases ??? regulating the immune response, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.56, issue.1, pp.202-214, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/nri2035

M. Liu, K. R. Dhanwada, D. F. Birt, S. Hecht, and J. C. Pelling, Increase in p53 protein half-life in mouse keratinocytes following UV-B irradiation, Carcinogenesis, vol.15, issue.6, pp.1089-92, 1994.
DOI : 10.1093/carcin/15.6.1089

M. A. Lomaga, W. C. Yeh, I. Sarosi, G. S. Duncan, C. Furlonger et al., TRAF6 deficiency results in osteopetrosis and defective interleukin-1, CD40, and LPS signaling, TRAF6 deficiency results in osteopetrosis and defective interleukin-1, CD40, and LPS signaling, pp.1015-1039, 1999.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.13.8.1015

T. Lu and G. R. Stark, Cytokine overexpression and constitutive NFkappaB in cancer, Cell Cycle, vol.3, pp.1114-1121, 2004.

Y. Lu and L. M. Wahl, Oxidative Stress Augments the Production of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, Cyclooxygenase-2, and Prostaglandin E2 through Enhancement of NF-??B Activity in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Human Primary Monocytes, The Journal of Immunology, vol.175, issue.8, pp.5423-5432, 2005.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.175.8.5423

J. A. Mccubrey, M. M. Lahair, and R. A. Franklin, Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Activation of the MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, vol.8, issue.9-10, pp.1775-89, 2006.
DOI : 10.1089/ars.2006.8.1775

J. Macmicking, Q. W. Xie, and C. Nathan, NITRIC OXIDE AND MACROPHAGE FUNCTION, Annual Review of Immunology, vol.15, issue.1, 1997.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.323

D. Mathis and C. Benoist, Back to Central Tolerance, Immunity, vol.20, issue.5, pp.509-525, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(04)00111-6

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(04)00111-6

U. A. Maus, M. A. Koay, T. Delbeck, M. Mack, M. Ermert et al., Role of resident alveolar macrophages in leukocyte traffic into the alveolar air space of intact mice, American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, vol.282, issue.6, 2002.
DOI : 10.1152/ajplung.00453.2001

R. Medzhitov, P. Preston-hurlburt, E. Kopp, A. Stadlen, C. Chen et al., MyD88 Is an Adaptor Protein in the hToll/IL-1 Receptor Family Signaling Pathways, Molecular Cell, vol.2, issue.2, pp.253-261, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80136-7

K. A. Metcalfe, G. A. Hitman, F. Pociot, R. Bergholdt, E. Tuomilehto-wolf et al., An association between type 1 diabetes and the interleukin-1 receptor type 1 gene, Human Immunology, vol.51, issue.1, pp.41-49, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0198-8859(96)00206-6

G. Morahan, D. Huang, S. I. Ymer, M. R. Cancilla, K. Stephen et al., Linkage disequilibrium of a type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus with a regulatory IL12B allele, Nature Genetics, vol.27, issue.2, pp.218-239, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/84872

D. G. Mordue and L. D. Sibley, Intracellular fate of vacuoles containing Toxoplasma gondii is determined at the time of formation and depends on the mechanism of entry, J. Immunol, vol.159, pp.4452-4461, 1997.

D. G. Mordue, N. Desai, M. Dustin, and L. D. Sibley, Establishes a Moving Junction That Selectively Excludes Host Cell Plasma Membrane Proteins on the Basis of Their Membrane Anchoring, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.5, issue.12, pp.1783-92, 1999.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.94.24.12969

J. Mozo, G. Ferry, A. Studeny, C. Pecqueur, M. Rodriguez et al., Expression of UCP3 in CHO cells does not cause uncoupling, but controls mitochondrial activity in the presence of glucose, Biochemical Journal, vol.393, issue.1, pp.431-440, 2006.
DOI : 10.1042/BJ20050494

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00136148

W. A. Muller and G. J. Randolph, Migration of leukocytes across endothelium and beyond: molecules involved in the transmigration and fate of monocytes, J. Leukoc. Biol, vol.66, pp.698-704, 1999.

M. Muzio, J. Ni, P. Feng, and V. M. Dixit, IRAK (Pelle) Family Member IRAK-2 and MyD88 as Proximal Mediators of IL-1 Signaling, Science, vol.278, issue.5343, pp.1612-1617, 1997.
DOI : 10.1126/science.278.5343.1612

J. T. Myers, A. W. Tsang, and J. A. Swanson, Localized Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Intermediates Inhibit Escape of Listeria monocytogenes from Vacuoles in Activated Macrophages, The Journal of Immunology, vol.171, issue.10, pp.5447-53, 2003.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.171.10.5447

H. Nakamura, K. Nakamura, and J. Yodoi, REDOX REGULATION OF CELLULAR ACTIVATION, Annual Review of Immunology, vol.15, issue.1, 1997.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.351

D. G. Nicholls, Brown adipose tissue mitochondria, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Bioenergetics, vol.549, issue.1, pp.1-29, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4173(79)90016-8

D. G. Nicholls and R. M. Locke, Thermogenic mechanisms in brown fat, Physiol. Rev, vol.64, pp.1-64, 1984.

M. Norimatsu, T. Ono, A. Aoki, K. Ohishi, and Y. Tamura, In-vivo induction of apoptosis in murine lymphocytes by bacterial lipopolysaccharides, Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol.43, issue.4, pp.251-258, 1995.
DOI : 10.1099/00222615-43-4-251

K. Ono and J. Han, The p38 signal transduction pathway Activation and function, Cellular Signalling, vol.12, issue.1, pp.1-13, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0898-6568(99)00071-6

F. Pacifico and A. Leonardi, NF-??B in solid tumors, Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.72, issue.9, pp.1142-52, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.07.032

S. G. Paik, N. Fleischer, and S. I. Shin, Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus induced by subdiabetogenic doses of streptozotocin: obligatory role of cell-mediated autoimmune processes., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.77, issue.10, pp.6129-6162, 1980.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.77.10.6129

G. Papaccio, B. De-luca, and F. A. Pisanti, Macrophages and antioxidant status in the NOD mouse pancreas, Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, vol.44, issue.4, pp.479-90, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19981215)71:4<479::AID-JCB3>3.0.CO;2-6

H. S. Park, H. Y. Jung, E. Y. Park, J. Kim, W. J. Lee et al., Cutting Edge: Direct Interaction of TLR4 with NAD(P)H Oxidase 4 Isozyme Is Essential for Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Activation of NF-??B, The Journal of Immunology, vol.173, issue.6, pp.3589-93, 2004.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.173.6.3589

M. A. Payton, C. J. Hawkes, and M. R. Christie, Relationship of the 37,000- and 40,000-M(r) tryptic fragments of islet antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes to the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2 (ICA512)., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.96, issue.3, pp.1506-1517, 1995.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI118188

E. Pebay-peyroula, C. Dahout-gonzalez, R. Kahn, V. Trezeguet, G. J. Lauquin et al., Structure of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier in complex with carboxyatractyloside, Nature, vol.426, issue.6962, pp.39-44, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02056

C. Pecqueur, A. M. Cassard-doulcier, S. Raimbault, B. Miroux, C. Fleury et al., Functional Organization of the Human Uncoupling Protein-2 Gene, and Juxtaposition to the Uncoupling Protein-3 Gene, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.255, issue.1, pp.40-46, 1999.
DOI : 10.1006/bbrc.1998.0146

C. Pecqueur, M. C. Alves-guerra, C. Gelly, C. Levi-meyrueis, E. Couplan et al., Uncoupling Protein 2, in Vivo Distribution, Induction upon Oxidative Stress, and Evidence for Translational Regulation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.276, issue.12, pp.8705-8717, 2001.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M006938200

J. Pi, Y. Bai, Q. Zhang, V. Wong, L. M. Floering et al., Reactive Oxygen Species as a Signal in Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion. Diabetes, 2007.

S. Raimbault, S. Dridi, F. Denjean, J. Lachuer, E. Couplan et al., An uncoupling protein homologue putatively involved in facultative muscle thermogenesis in birds, Biochem J, vol.353, 2001.

C. V. Ramana, M. P. Gil, R. D. Schreiber, and G. R. Stark, Stat1-dependent and -independent pathways in IFN-??-dependent signaling, Trends in Immunology, vol.23, issue.2, pp.96-101, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1471-4906(01)02118-4

M. J. Redondo and G. S. Eisenbarth, Genetic control of autoimmunity in Type I diabetes and associated disorders, Diabetologia, vol.45, issue.5, pp.605-627, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/s00125-002-0781-1

E. Rial, M. Gonzalez-barroso, C. Fleury, S. Iturrizaga, D. Sanchis et al., Retinoids activate proton transport by the uncoupling proteins UCP1 and UCP2, The EMBO Journal, vol.18, issue.21, pp.5827-5860, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/18.21.5827

D. Ricquier and J. C. Kader, Mitochondrial protein alteration in active brown fat: A sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic study, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.73, issue.3, pp.577-83, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(76)90849-4

D. Ricquier and F. Bouillaud, The uncoupling protein homologues: UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, StUCP and AtUCP, Biochemical Journal, vol.345, issue.2, pp.161-79, 2000.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3450161

D. T. Robles and G. S. Eisenbarth, Type 1A Diabetes Induced by Infection and Immunization, Journal of Autoimmunity, vol.16, issue.3, pp.355-62, 2001.
DOI : 10.1006/jaut.2000.0483

D. Rocksen, B. Lilliehook, R. Larsson, T. Johansson, and A. Bucht, Differential anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of dexamethasone and N-acetylcysteine in endotoxin-induced lung inflammation, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol.151, issue.2, pp.249-56, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-419X(91)90007-8

C. M. Rosenberger and B. B. Finlay, Phagocyte sabotage: disruption of macrophage signalling by bacterial pathogens, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.4, issue.5, pp.385-96, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm1104

J. G. Rosmalen, F. Homo-delarche, S. Durant, M. Kap, P. J. Leenen et al., Islet Abnormalities Associated with an Early Influx of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages in NOD and NODscid Mice, Laboratory Investigation, vol.14, issue.5, pp.769-77, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/jaut.1996.0093

J. G. Rosmalen, T. Martin, C. Dobbs, J. S. Voerman, H. A. Drexhage et al., Subsets of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells in Nonobese Diabetic Mouse Pancreatic Inflammatory Infiltrates: Correlation with the Development of Diabetes, Laboratory Investigation, vol.26, issue.1, pp.23-30, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/labinvest.3780004

D. Rotrosen, C. L. Yeung, and J. P. Katkin, Production of recombinant cytochrome b558 allows reconstitution of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase solely from recombinant proteins, J. Biol. Chem, vol.268, pp.14256-60, 1993.

G. Rudofsky, . Jr, A. Schroedter, A. Schlotterer, O. E. Voron-'ko et al., Functional Polymorphisms of UCP2 and UCP3 Are Associated With a Reduced Prevalence of Diabetic Neuropathy in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, vol.29, issue.1, pp.89-94, 2006.
DOI : 10.2337/diacare.29.01.06.dc05-0757

D. Rudolph, W. C. Yeh, A. Wakeham, B. Rudolph, D. Nallainathan et al., Severe liver degeneration and lack of NF-kappaB activation in NEMO/IKKgamma-deficient mice, Genes Dev, vol.14, pp.854-62, 2000.

K. A. Ryan, M. F. Smith, . Jr, M. K. Sanders, and P. B. Ernst, Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Differentially Regulate Toll-Like Receptor 4-Mediated Activation of NF-??B and Interleukin-8 Expression, Infection and Immunity, vol.72, issue.4, pp.2123-2153, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.72.4.2123-2130.2004

J. W. Ryu, K. H. Hong, J. H. Maeng, J. B. Kim, J. Ko et al., Overexpression of Uncoupling Protein 2 in THP1 Monocytes Inhibits ??2 Integrin-Mediated Firm Adhesion and Transendothelial Migration, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol.24, issue.5, pp.864-70, 2004.
DOI : 10.1161/01.ATV.0000125705.28058.eb

K. Saeki, M. Zhu, A. Kubosaki, J. Xie, M. S. Lan et al., Targeted Disruption of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-Like Molecule IA-2 Results in Alterations in Glucose Tolerance Tests and Insulin Secretion, Diabetes, vol.51, issue.6, pp.1842-50, 2002.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.51.6.1842

A. Salmeen and D. Barford, Functions and Mechanisms of Redox Regulation of Cysteine-Based Phosphatases, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, vol.7, issue.5-6, pp.560-77, 2005.
DOI : 10.1089/ars.2005.7.560

D. Sanchis, C. Fleury, N. Chomiki, M. Goubern, Q. Huang et al., BMCP1, a Novel Mitochondrial Carrier with High Expression in the Central Nervous System of Humans and Rodents, and Respiration Uncoupling Activity in Recombinant Yeast, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.51, pp.34611-34616, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.51.34611

M. Sasahara, M. Nishi, H. Kawashima, K. Ueda, S. Sakagashira et al., Uncoupling Protein 2 Promoter Polymorphism -866G/A Affects Its Expression in ??-Cells and Modulates Clinical Profiles of Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Diabetes, vol.53, issue.2, pp.482-487, 2004.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.53.2.482

H. Sato, K. Fujiwara, J. Sagara, and S. Bannai, Induction of cystine transport activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, Biochemical Journal, vol.310, issue.2, pp.547-51, 1995.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3100547

S. Sato, H. Sanjo, K. Takeda, J. Ninomiya-tsuji, M. Yamamoto et al., Essential function for the kinase TAK1 in innate and adaptive immune responses, Nature Immunology, vol.165, issue.11, pp.1087-95, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/intimm/dxf046

D. C. Scherer, J. A. Brockman, Z. Chen, T. Maniatis, and D. W. Ballard, Signalinduced degradation of I kappa B alpha requires site-specific ubiquitination, Proc. Natl, 1995.

F. A. Scholl, P. A. Dumesic, and P. A. Khavari, Effects of active MEK1 expression in vivo, Cancer Letters, vol.230, issue.1, pp.1-5, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.12.013

P. Schrauwen, J. Hoeks, and M. Hesselink, Putative function and physiological relevance of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-3: Involvement in fatty acid metabolism?, Progress in Lipid Research, vol.45, issue.1, pp.17-41, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.plipres.2005.11.001

K. Schroder, P. J. Hertzog, T. Ravasi, and D. A. Hume, Interferon-??: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.75, issue.2, pp.163-89, 2004.
DOI : 10.1189/jlb.0603252

R. Segersvard, C. Rippe, M. Duplantier, M. K. Herrington, B. Isaksson et al., mRNA for pancreatic uncoupling protein 2 increases in two models of acute experimental pancreatitis in rats and mice, Cell and Tissue Research, vol.105, issue.2, pp.251-259, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s00441-004-1024-1

R. Sen and D. Baltimore, Multiple nuclear factors interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences, Cell, vol.46, issue.5, pp.705-721, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90346-6

U. Senftleben, Y. Cao, G. Xiao, F. R. Greten, G. Krahn et al., Activation by IKKalpha of a Second, Evolutionary Conserved, NF-kappa B Signaling Pathway, Science, vol.293, issue.5534, pp.1495-1504, 2001.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1062677

U. Senftleben, Z. W. Li, V. Baud, and M. Karin, IKK?? Is Essential for Protecting T Cells from TNF??-Induced Apoptosis, Immunity, vol.14, issue.3, pp.217-247, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(01)00104-2

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00104-2

G. Sesti, M. Cardellini, M. A. Marini, S. Frontoni, M. D-'adamo et al., A Common Polymorphism in the Promoter of UCP2 Contributes to the Variation in Insulin Secretion in Glucose-Tolerant Subjects, Diabetes, vol.52, issue.5, pp.1280-1283, 2003.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1280

J. P. Silva, I. G. Shabalina, E. Dufour, N. Petrovic, E. C. Backlund et al., SOD2 overexpression: enhanced mitochondrial tolerance but absence of effect on UCP activity, The EMBO Journal, vol.265, issue.23, pp.4061-70, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600866

V. Skulachev, Uncoupling: new approaches to an old problem of bioenergetics, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, vol.1363, issue.2, pp.100-124, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0005-2728(97)00091-1

R. E. Smith and B. A. Horwitz, Brown fat and thermogenesis, Physiol. Rev, vol.49, pp.330-425, 1969.

G. Solanes, A. Vidal-puig, D. Grujic, J. S. Flier, and B. B. Lowell, The Human Uncoupling Protein-3 Gene: GENOMIC STRUCTURE, CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION, AND GENETIC BASIS FOR SHORT AND LONG FORM TRANSCRIPTS, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.272, issue.41, pp.25433-25439, 1997.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.272.41.25433

M. Solimena, R. Dirkx, . Jr, J. M. Hermel, S. Pleasic-williams et al., ICA 512, an autoantigen of type I diabetes, is an intrinsic membrane protein of neurosecretory granules, EMBO J, vol.15, pp.2102-2116, 1996.

J. St-pierre, J. A. Buckingham, S. J. Roebuck, and M. D. Brand, Topology of Superoxide Production from Different Sites in the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.47, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M207217200

J. A. Stuart, J. A. Harper, K. M. Brindle, and M. D. Brand, Uncoupling protein 2 from carp and zebrafish, ectothermic vertebrates, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, vol.1413, issue.1, pp.50-54, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0005-2728(99)00081-X

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-2728(99)00081-x

J. A. Stuart, S. Cadenas, M. B. Jekabsons, D. Roussel, and M. D. Brand, Mitochondrial proton leak and the uncoupling protein 1 homologues, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, vol.1504, issue.1, pp.144-58, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0005-2728(00)00243-7

Y. H. Suh, S. Y. Kim, H. Y. Lee, B. C. Jang, J. H. Bae et al., Overexpression of short heterodimer partner recovers impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic ??-cells overexpressing UCP2, Journal of Endocrinology, vol.183, issue.1, pp.133-177, 2004.
DOI : 10.1677/joe.1.05675

N. Suzuki, S. Suzuki, G. S. Duncan, D. G. Millar, T. Wada et al., Severe impairment of interleukin-1 and Toll-like receptor signalling in mice lacking IRAK-4, Nature, vol.416, issue.6882, pp.750-756, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nature736

T. Takamura, I. Kato, N. Kimura, T. Nakazawa, H. Yonekura et al., Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Type 2 Nitric-oxide Synthase in Pancreatic beta Cells Develop Insulin-dependent Diabetes without Insulitis, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.5, pp.2493-2499, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.5.2493

A. Uncoupling-protein, ADP carrier increase mitochondrial proton conductance after cold adaptation of king penguins, J. Physiol, vol.558, pp.123-158

M. M. Tarpey and I. Fridovich, Methods of Detection of Vascular Reactive Species: Nitric Oxide, Superoxide, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Peroxynitrite, Circulation Research, vol.89, issue.3, pp.224-260, 2001.
DOI : 10.1161/hh1501.094365

V. Thakur, M. T. Pritchard, M. R. Mcmullen, Q. Wang, and L. E. Nagy, Chronic ethanol feeding increases activation of NADPH oxidase by lipopolysaccharide in rat Kupffer cells: role of increased reactive oxygen in LPS-stimulated ERK1/2 activation and TNF-?? production, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.79, issue.6, pp.1348-56, 2006.
DOI : 10.1189/jlb.1005613

H. E. Thomas, W. Irawaty, R. Darwiche, T. C. Brodnicki, P. Santamaria et al., IL-1 Receptor Deficiency Slows Progression to Diabetes in the NOD Mouse, Diabetes, vol.53, issue.1, pp.113-134, 2004.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.53.1.113

M. Torres, Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in redox signaling, Frontiers in Bioscience, vol.8, issue.4, pp.369-91, 2003.
DOI : 10.2741/999

L. Tretter and V. Adam-vizi, Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Reaction Catalyzed by ??-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.24, issue.36, pp.7771-7779, 2004.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1842-04.2004

A. W. Tsang, K. Oestergaard, J. T. Myers, and J. A. Swanson, Altered membrane trafficking in activated bone marrow-derived macrophages, J. Leukoc. Biol, vol.68, pp.487-94, 2000.

J. F. Turrens, Superoxide production by the mitochondrial respiratory chain, Bioscience Reports, vol.17, issue.1, pp.3-8, 1997.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1027374931887

T. Ueda, R. Watanabe-fukunaga, H. Fukuyama, S. Nagata, and R. Fukunaga, Mnk2 and Mnk1 Are Essential for Constitutive and Inducible Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E but Not for Cell Growth or Development, Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.24, issue.15, pp.6539-6588, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/MCB.24.15.6539-6549.2004

J. Ukropec, R. P. Anunciado, Y. Ravussin, M. W. Hulver, and L. P. Kozak, UCP1-independent Thermogenesis in White Adipose Tissue of Cold-acclimated Ucp1-/- Mice, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.42, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M606114200

D. M. Underhill and B. Gantner, Integration of Toll-like receptor and phagocytic signaling for tailored immunity, Microbes and Infection, vol.6, issue.15, pp.1368-73, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.micinf.2004.08.016

P. Vafiadis, S. T. Bennett, J. A. Todd, J. Nadeau, R. Grabs et al., Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus, Nature Genetics, vol.44, issue.3, pp.289-92, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/ng0395-293

J. J. Vavra, C. Deboer, A. Dietz, L. J. Hanka, and W. T. Sokolski, Streptozotocin, a new antibacterial antibiotic, Antibiot. Annu, vol.7, pp.230-235, 1959.

C. L. Verweij and S. I. Gringhuis, Oxidants and Tyrosine Phosphorylation: Role of Acute and Chronic Oxidative Stress in T-and B-Lymphocyte Signaling, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, vol.4, issue.3, pp.543-51, 2002.
DOI : 10.1089/15230860260196344

V. M. Victor, M. Rocha, and M. De-la-fuente, N-acetylcysteine Protects Mice from Lethal Endotoxemia by Regulating the Redox State of Immune Cells, Free Radical Research, vol.35, issue.9, pp.919-948, 2003.
DOI : 10.1080/1071576031000148727

A. Vidal-puig, G. Solanes, D. Grujic, J. S. Flier, and B. B. Lowell, UCP3: An Uncoupling Protein Homologue Expressed Preferentially and Abundantly in Skeletal Muscle and Brown Adipose Tissue, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.235, issue.1, pp.79-82, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6740

S. M. Virtanen, E. Laara, E. Hypponen, H. Reijonen, L. Rasanen et al., Cow's milk consumption, HLA-DQB1 genotype, and type 1 diabetes: a nested case-control study of siblings of children with diabetes. Childhood diabetes in Finland study group, Diabetes, vol.49, issue.6, pp.912-919, 2000.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.49.6.912

S. Vogler, R. Goedde, B. Miterski, R. Gold, A. Kroner et al., Association of a common polymorphism in the promoter of UCP2 with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis, Journal of Molecular Medicine, vol.15, issue.10, pp.806-817, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s00109-005-0661-5

S. Vogler, J. Pahnke, S. Rousset, D. Ricquier, H. Moch et al., Uncoupling Protein 2 Has Protective Function during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, The American Journal of Pathology, vol.168, issue.5, pp.1570-1575, 2006.
DOI : 10.2353/ajpath.2006.051069

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00136181

M. Y. Wang, M. Shimabukuro, Y. Lee, K. Y. Trinh, J. L. Chen et al., Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of uncoupling protein-2 in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic rats increases oxidative activity and improves beta-cell function, Diabetes, vol.48, issue.5, pp.1020-1025, 1999.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1020

C. Wang, L. Deng, M. Hong, G. R. Akkaraju, J. Inoue et al., TAK1 is a ubiquitin-dependent kinase of MKK and IKK, Nature, vol.412, issue.6844, pp.346-51, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35085597

S. Wassmann, K. Wassmann, and G. Nickenig, Modulation of Oxidant and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function in Vascular Cells, Hypertension, vol.44, issue.4, pp.381-387, 2004.
DOI : 10.1161/01.HYP.0000142232.29764.a7

K. E. Wellen and G. S. Hotamisligil, Inflammation, stress, and diabetes, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.115, issue.5, pp.1111-1120, 2005.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI200525102DS1

M. S. Williams and J. Kwon, T cell receptor stimulation, reactive oxygen species, and cell signaling. Free Radic, Biol. Med, vol.37, pp.1144-51, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.05.029

C. H. Woo, J. H. Lim, and J. H. Kim, Lipopolysaccharide Induces Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression via a Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species-p38 Kinase-Activator Protein-1 Pathway in Raw 264.7 Cells, The Journal of Immunology, vol.173, issue.11, pp.6973-80, 2004.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.173.11.6973

M. Wysk, D. D. Yang, H. T. Lu, R. A. Flavell, and R. J. Davis, Requirement of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) for tumor necrosis factor-induced cytokine expression, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.96, issue.7, pp.3763-3771, 1999.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.96.7.3763

Y. Q. Xiao, C. G. Freire-de-lima, W. J. Janssen, K. Morimoto, D. Lyu et al., Oxidants Selectively Reverse TGF-?? Suppression of Proinflammatory Mediator Production, The Journal of Immunology, vol.176, issue.2, pp.1209-1226, 2006.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.176.2.1209

H. Yamasaki, H. Sasaki, K. Ogawa, T. Shono, S. Tamura et al., Uncoupling Protein 2 Promoter Polymorphism -866G/A Affects Peripheral Nerve Dysfunction in Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Diabetes Care, vol.29, issue.4, pp.888-94, 2006.
DOI : 10.2337/diacare.29.04.06.dc05-1984

I. N. Zelko, T. J. Mariani, and R. J. Folz, Superoxide dismutase multigene family: a comparison of the CuZn-SOD (SOD1, Mn-SOD (SOD2), and EC-SOD (SOD3) gene structures, evolution, and expression. Free Radic, pp.337-386, 2002.

D. Zhang, V. Gaussin, G. E. Taffet, N. S. Belaguli, M. Yamada et al., TAK1 is activated in the myocardium after pressure overload and is sufficient to provoke heart failure in transgenic mice, Nat. Med, vol.6, pp.556-63, 2000.

C. Y. Zhang, G. Baffy, P. Perret, S. Krauss, O. Peroni et al., Uncoupling Protein-2 Negatively Regulates Insulin Secretion and Is a Major Link between Obesity, ?? Cell Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes, Cell, vol.105, issue.6, pp.745-55, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00378-6

C. Y. Zhang, L. E. Parton, C. P. Ye, S. Krauss, R. Shen et al., Genipin inhibits UCP2-mediated proton leak and acutely reverses obesity- and high glucose-induced ?? cell dysfunction in isolated pancreatic islets, Cell Metabolism, vol.3, issue.6, pp.417-444, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.04.010

Q. Zhao, E. G. Shepherd, M. E. Manson, L. D. Nelin, A. Sorokin et al., The Role of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 in the Response of Alveolar Macrophages to Lipopolysaccharide: ATTENUATION OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE BIOSYNTHESIS VIA FEEDBACK CONTROL OF p38, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.9, pp.8101-8109, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M411760200

S. J. Zheng, S. E. Lamhamedi-cherradi, P. Wang, L. Xu, and Y. H. Chen, Tumor Suppressor p53 Inhibits Autoimmune Inflammation and Macrophage Function, Diabetes, vol.54, issue.5, pp.1423-1431, 2005.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1423

S. Rousset, *. Mozo, and J. , 1,2 , Dujardin G. 3 , Emre Y. 1 , Masscheleyn S. 1 , Ricquier D 1 . and Cassard-Doulcier A.M. 1 * FEBS Letters, pp.479-82, 2007.

*. Corresponding, Present adress: INSERM

L. Je-remercie and . Pr, Louis Casteilla et le Pr Francesc Villarroya pour avoir accepté d'être rapporteur, ainsi que le Dr

?. Corinne and . 80°, je me suis dit à ton départ que j'allais enfin être tranquille. Mais en réalité ce fut fort ennuyeux, tu le sais. Et ce ne sont pas les départs successifs de François et Tobias qui ont arrangé les choses. C'est évidemment pour cette unique raison que j'a voulu tenter la STZ. Sinon, comment aurions-nous pu nous voir ? Dans quelques semaines, j'espère que tu n'oublieras pas de m'envoyer ton Nat

T. M. François, avais déjà abandonné une première fois et maintenant, j'apprends que tu as succombé au côté obscur de la force ! J'en suis heureux pour toi, tu le mérites amplement

. Tobias, ton aide et nos discussions ont été précieuses. Bientôt, tu seras le group leader aux multiples Nature et tu n'auras plus à errer de labo en labo. D'ici là, bon courage Je regrette que cette complicité ne s'est pas développée plus rapidement