L. Microscopié-electronique-en-transmission-( and T. , 56 4.2.1. Les microscopes utilisés et leurs caractéristiques 56 4.2.2. Le mode haute résolution (HRTEM) : contraste de phase, p.72

]. Solubilité-du-carbone-et-de-l, azote dans le fer alpha et gamma [194] et du bore dans le fer gamma, p.180

C. Un-nanotube, Trois types de nanotubes monofeuillet : suivant l'orientation du feuillet hexagonal par rapportàportà l'axe du nanotube, on nomme (a) un nanotube chaise, (b) un nanotube zig-zag, p.11

T. Images and M. De-nanotubes-de-type, CN x synthétisés par CVD aérosol d'une solution de diméthlformamide (HOCN(CH 3 ) 2 ) transportée sous un flux d'argonàargon`argonà (a) 750°C et (b) 950°C. (c) Spectres EELS résolues spatialement sur des feuillets compartimentés et paralì elesàeles`elesà l'axe d'un nanotube [14, p.37

. Schéma-de-principe-de-la-diffusion-raman, Une fois excitée la molécule devient hautement instable, et retourne dans sonétatélectroniquesonétatsonétatélectronique de départ en

. Si-elle-revient-au-mêmé-etat-vibrationnel-que-celui-de-départ, la fréquence de lalumì ere diffusée est rigoureusementégalèrigoureusementégalè a celle de lalumì ere ayant servì a l'excitation : c'est la diffusion Rayleigh

). Diagramme-de-kataura, LesénergiesLesénergies de transition sont calculées par un modèle de liaisons fortes aux premiers voisins avec ? 0 = 2.9 eV et a C?C = 1.44 Å. Les lignes horizontales correspondent auxénergiesauxénergies laser expérimentales utilisées de 1, p.77

.. Spectre-expérimental-de-pertes-d-'´-energié-electronique-acquis-sur-un-nanotube-multifeuillets-de-carbone-pur, Trois régions distinctes se profilent Le pic intense centrécentréà 0 eV correspond auxélectronsauxélectrons n'ayant pas interagi lors de la traversée de l'´ echantillon. Ladeuxì eme région est comprise entre 0 et 50 eV : région des pertes proches. Puis latroisì eme région débutant vers 50 eV : région des pertes lointaines, comporte une série de seuils caractéristiques de la composition chimique de la zone sondée, p.86

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E. Signal, K. , and ]. , et (b) azote obtenus sur deséchantillonsdeséchantillons contenant des nanotubes monofeuillet (SWNTs) et multifeuillets (MWNTs) de type CN x . Il estégalement estégalement présenté en (a) la signature de référence du seuil K du C obtenue sur du graphite, p.153

G. ?1, G. , G. , and .. , nanotubes multifeuillets de type CN x synthétisés par CVD aérosol. (b) Signal EXAFS obtenù a plus haute résolution enénergieenénergie autour de 401 eV qui présente six pics multiples autour du pic G notés, p.154

E. Spectre and . Obtenu-sur-un, MWNTs de type CB x N y isolé avec un temps d'acquisition de 200 s sur une zone de 250 nm et une dipersion e ´ energie de 0.3 eV/canal. La concentration en bore et en azote dans ce nanotube est, p.170

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. En-niveaux-de-gris, Elle correspondà correspondà une zone de 90 × 90 nm 2 Une collection de 4096 spectres de pertes d'´ energie ontétéontété enregistrés sur cette zone avec un temps d'acquisition par spectre de 100 ms, En couleur : sont représentées les cartes chimiques correspondant auxélémentsauxéléments B (bore), C (carbone), N (azote) et Co (cobalt) obtenuesàobtenuesà partir du spectre-image. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

.. En-niveaux-de-gris, La zone sondée correspondàcorrespond`correspondà une zone de 95.5 × 47.7 nm 2 Une collection de 2048 spectres de pertes d'´ energie ontétéontété enregistrés sur cette zone avec un temps d'acquisition par spectre de 100 ms et un pas de 1.5 nm. En couleur : sont représentées les cartes chimiques correspondant auxélémentsauxéléments B (bore), C (carbone), N (azote) et Co (cobalt) obtenuesàobtenuesà partir du spectre-image, p.211

.. En-niveaux-de-gris, La zone sondée correspondàcorrespond`correspondà une zone de 47.7 × 24 Une collection de 2048 spectres de pertes d'´ energie ontétéontété enregistrés sur cette zone avec un temps d'acquisition par spectre de 100 ms et un pas de 0.8 nm. En couleur : sont représentées les cartes chimiques correspondant auxélémentsauxéléments B (bore), C (carbone), N (azote) et Co (cobalt ) obtenuesàobtenuesà partir du spectre-image, p.214

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