Skip to Main content Skip to Navigation

# Refroidissement par bandes latérales d'atomes de Cesium et quelques applications

1 laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique
LCFIO - Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique
Abstract : In the experiment presented in this thesis, Cesium atoms were trapped in a non-dissipative, intensity lattice produced by two Nd:YAG laser beams. Vertically, atoms are confined in independent micro-planes at each intensity maximum. The gaussian shape of the beams provides the horizontal confinement. Thanks to the strong vertical confinement, we could develop an optical sideband cooling method which accumulates about 95\% of the atoms in the ground state of the vertical motion. From this state, which is almost pure, we prepared other pure quantum states and, using an absoption imaging technique, we visualized directly their velocity distribution. First, we produced the first excited state of motion whose velocity distribution is zero for $v=0$. We also produced non stationary states and visualized the temporal evolution of their velocity distribution. In this way, the evolution of a superposition of the first two vibrationnal states and that of squeezed states have been recorded. Squeezed states are, as the ground state, minimum uncertainty states ($\Delta p \Delta z=\hbar/2$), but their velocity distribution is narrower than that of the ground state. A compression of the velocity distribution by a factor 4 has been obtained. By applying the cooling of the vertical motion for a long time, thanks to the energy transfer from the horizontal to the vertical direction provided by the collisions, we cooled the movement in all three directions. In this way, we obtained a temperature $T \simeq 3\,\mu$K for which 80\% of the atoms are in the ground state of the vertical movement. The gas thus realized is pratically a two-dimensionnal gas. Finally, the study of thermalization showed that the scattering resonnance at zero energy of Cesium is not affected by the strong vertical confinement.
Keywords :
Document type :
Theses
Complete list of metadata

Cited literature [75 references]

https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00141435
Contributor : Isabelle Bouchoule <>
Submitted on : Thursday, April 12, 2007 - 6:29:13 PM
Last modification on : Wednesday, December 9, 2020 - 3:45:52 AM
Long-term archiving on: : Tuesday, April 6, 2010 - 11:29:57 PM

### Identifiers

• HAL Id : tel-00141435, version 1

### Citation

Isabelle Bouchoule. Refroidissement par bandes latérales d'atomes de Cesium et quelques applications. Physique Atomique [physics.atom-ph]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2000. Français. ⟨tel-00141435⟩

Record views

Files downloads