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A. Annexe-expérimentale and .. , 95 A.1.1. L'électrode d, PEDOT et LiF, p.100

D. Caractérisations-des, 100 A.2.1. Mesure de l'épaisseur des couches, p.101

A. Figure, 1 : Spectre en transmission d'une plaque d'ITO (pointillés) et d'une couche de 30 nm de PEDOT sur ITO (trait continu)

. La-gravure-se-fait-À-l, acide chlorhydrique 37% pendant 30 min sans chauffage, en protégeant l'ITO par de l'adhésif d'électricien résistant à l'acide. On peut aussi utiliser certains adhésifs de bureau translucides, chauffer l'acide à 50-60°C et ainsi diminuer le temps de gravure à 3 minutes

A. Figure, 2 : Scan AFM d'une plaque d'ITO. L'échelle de couleur donne la topographie de la surface

. Le-nettoyage-des-lames-de-verre, ITO est une étape de grande importance permettant l'adhérence des matériaux organiques déposés par la suite [2] Un soin particulier est porté à cette étape et aux stockages des lames de verres et d'ITO. La première étape utilise l'action conjuguée d'ultrasons et de détergent, premier bain des lames est réalisé dans le bac à ultrasons avec les détergents Deconex ou TFD4 (Hydroxyde de Potassium de c < 5%) utilisé dans la décontamination de la radioactivité

. Minutes-chacun, Pour l'ITO, le traitement continue par deux bains successifs de 10 min dans l'éthanol puis l'acétone

. La-troisième-Étape-est-le-traitement-par-uv-ozone-de-l-' and . Ito, Pour cela, nous utilisons le UVO-Cleaner (modèle 42-220) de Jelight Company, Inc. Ce traitement UV-O3 permet de nettoyer la surface de nos substrats de verre de toute trace de contaminants organiques. Il permet d'autre part de baisser le travail de sortie de l'ITO [3, 4], et d'améliorer la mouillabilité des composés déposés par la suite

P. Le and . Est-un-polymère-conjugué-qui-peut, être déposé par spin-coating à partir d'une solution aqueuse. Les résistivités du PEDOT déposé sur plaque de verre et d'une plaque d'ITO ont été mesurées par la technique quatre pointes. On trouve typiquement 1.5 10 -5 ?/ pour le PEDOT contre 20 ?/ pour l'ITO. Par contre, une couche de PEDOT déposée sur une plaque d'ITO possède la même résistivité que l

A. Tableau, 1 : Travail de sortie de différents matériaux

. Un-désavantage-connu-de-l-'ito-est-la-diffusion, On obtient une distribution homogène de concentration en atome de 1%, se réduisant à 0.1 at.% si le substrat est porté à plus haute température lors du recuit du PEDOT Ce recuit est nécessaire pour faire disparaître l'eau résiduelle du PEDOT. En effet, l'eau provoque une gravure de l'ITO par protonation, due à l'environnement acide du PSS (acide sulfonique) et favorise donc la diffusion de l'Indium. Contrairement à l'Indium, l'aluminium ne diffuse pas dans la couche active et ceci quelque soit la vitesse de dépôt (de 1 nm/s à 10 nm/s) mais présente une grande rugosité de surface [16]. Il faut toutefois penser qu'augmenter la vitesse de dépôt signifie aussi augmenter la température du creuset, risquant ainsi l'échauffement excessif des couches organiques. L'évaporation de l'électrode d'aluminium est précédée du dépôt d'une fine couche fine de fluorure de lithium (LiF) de 0.5 nm d'épaisseur entre le matériau organique et l'aluminium

. La-synthèse-des-dérivés-d, oligothiophènes linéaires a été réalisée dans le groupe Systèmes Conjugués Linéaires (SCL) par Mathieu Turbiez et a fait l'objet d'une thèse de l'université d'Angers sous la direction de Pierre Frère intitulée "Nouveaux systèmes conjugués linéaires intégrant des motif 3, EDOT) : synthèse et étude des propriétés életroniques, p.4, 2003.

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