.. Impression-par-micro-contact, 54 (« microcontact printing », µCP, ou « stamping » en anglais), p.54

.. Mise-en-place-du-sciflexarrayrer-1ers-résultats, 74 2.2.4.2 Validation : premiers essais de transfections automatisées, Lavages, p.81

.. Impression-par-micro-contact, 54 (« microcontact printing », µCP, ou « stamping » en anglais), p.54

.. Mise-en-place-du-sciflexarrayrer-1ers-résultats, 74 2.2.4.2 Validation : premiers essais de transfections automatisées, Lavages, p.81

M. Dickson and J. Gagnon, Key factors in the rising cost of new drug discovery and development, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol.29, issue.5, pp.417-429, 2004.
DOI : 10.1377/hlthaff.20.5.241

A. Smith, Screening for drug discovery: The leading question, Nature, vol.418, issue.6896, pp.453-459, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/418453a

M. Schena, Quantitative Monitoring of Gene Expression Patterns with a Complementary DNA Microarray, Science, vol.270, issue.5235, pp.467-470, 1995.
DOI : 10.1126/science.270.5235.467

D. J. Lockhart, Expression monitoring by hybridization to high-density oligonucleotide arrays, Nature Biotechnology, vol.156, issue.13, pp.1675-1680, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(80)65070-8

D. Shalon, A DNA microarray system for analyzing complex DNA samples using two-color fluorescent probe hybridization., Genome Research, vol.6, issue.7, pp.639-684, 1996.
DOI : 10.1101/gr.6.7.639

S. Schena and R. A. , Microarrays: biotechnology's discovery platform for functional genomics, Trends in Biotechnology, vol.16, issue.7, pp.301-306, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-7799(98)01219-0

E. Roger and F. W. Chu, Microarrays: their origins and applications, Trends Biotechnol, vol.17, pp.217-218, 1999.

V. Srivatsa, Microarrays ? status and prospects, Trends in Biotechnology, vol.22, pp.630-637, 2004.

R. Vishwanath and . Iyer, The Transcriptional program in the response of human fibroblasts to serum, Science, vol.283, pp.83-87, 1999.

G. Macbeath and S. L. Schreiber, Printing Proteins as Microarrays for High-Throughput Function Determination, Science, vol.289, pp.1760-1763, 2000.

P. Bertone and M. Snyder, Advances in functional protein microarray technology, FEBS Journal, vol.301, issue.21, pp.5400-5411, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/35001009

N. Ramachandran, Self-Assembling Protein Microarrays, Science, vol.305, issue.5680, pp.86-90, 2004.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1097639

E. Phizicky, Protein analysis on a proteomic scale, Nature, vol.8, issue.6928, pp.208-215, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/13732

URL : http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0014-0CA5-A

H. Zhu, Global Analysis of Protein Activities Using Proteome Chips, Science, vol.293, issue.5537, pp.2101-2105, 2001.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1062191

G. Finny and . Kuruvilla, Dissecting glucose signalling with diversity-oriented synthesis ans small-molecule microarrays, Nature, vol.416, pp.653-657, 2002.

P. Jean-philipe, Individually addressable parallel peptide synthesis on microchips, Nature Biotech, vol.20, pp.922-926, 2002.

P. Greaves, First dose of potential new medicines to humans: how animals help, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol.3, issue.3, pp.226-236, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nrd1329

P. Preziosi and . Science, Science, pharmacoeconomics and ethics in drug R&D: a sustainable future scenario?, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol.144, issue.6, pp.521-526, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nrd1418

A. Gennari, Strategies to replace in vivo acute systemic toxicity testing, ATLA, vol.32, pp.437-459, 2004.

N. Bhogal, The EU REACH System: Blessing in Disguise or Wolf in Wolf' s Clothing? ATLA, 2005.

P. Blanc, Commission Européenne « Stratégie pour la future politique dans le domaine des substances chimiques » disponible sur le site 24, 2001.

A. P. Li, Preclinical in vitro screening assays for drug-like properties, Drug Discovery Today: Technologies, vol.2, issue.2, pp.179-185, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ddtec.2005.05.024

S. Janie and . Merkel, Functional protein microarrays: just how functional are they?, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, vol.16, pp.447-452, 2005.

X. and X. Stern, Establishment of a cell-free system to study the activation of Chk2, Methods Mol Biol, vol.280, pp.165-74, 2004.

V. Noireaux and A. Libchaber, A vesicle bioreactor as a step toward an artificial cell assembly, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.105, issue.7, pp.17669-74, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nbt0798-652

T. K. Garyantes, 1536-well assay plates: when do they make sense?, Drug Discovery Today, vol.7, issue.9, pp.489-490, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6446(02)02246-8

M. Feiglin, SBS Proposed Microplate Specification, J. of Biomolecular Screening, vol.4, pp.169-174, 1999.

J. Ziauddin and D. M. Sabatini, Microarrays of cells expressing defined cDNAs, Nature, pp.411-107, 2001.

D. M. Sabatini, Transfection method and uses related thereto

D. M. Sabatini, Reverse transfection method

M. Chalfie, Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression, Science, vol.263, issue.5148, pp.802-805, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.8303295

D. Michael and . Uhler, Surface transfection and expression procedure

S. Baghdoyan, Quantitative analysis of highly parallel transfection in cell microarrays, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.32, issue.9, p.77, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gnh074

F. Chang, Surfection: a new platform for transfected cell arrays, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.32, issue.3, p.33, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gnh029

S. Mousses, RNAi Microarray Analysis in Cultured Mammalian Cells, Genome Research, vol.13, issue.10, pp.2341-2347, 2003.
DOI : 10.1101/gr.1478703

J. M. Silva, RNA interference microarrays: High-throughput loss-of-function genetics in mammalian cells, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.428, issue.6981, pp.6548-6552, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02371

H. Erfle and R. Pepperkok, Arrays of Transfected Mammalian Cells for High Content Screening Microscopy, Methods Enzymol, vol.404, pp.1-8, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(05)04001-2

S. N. Bailey, Applications of transfected cell microarrays in high-throughput drug discovery, Drug Discovery Today, vol.7, issue.18, pp.113-118, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6446(02)02386-3

B. Blagoev, Microarrays go live ??? new prospects for proteomics, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol.26, issue.11, pp.639-641, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0968-0004(01)01977-6

R. Wu, Cell-biological applications of transfected-cell microarrays, Trends in Cell Biology, vol.12, issue.10, pp.485-488, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0962-8924(02)02354-1

S. N. Bailey, From The Cover: Microarrays of small molecules embedded in biodegradable polymers for use in mammalian cell-based screens, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.11, issue.6, pp.16144-16149, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00180-1

D. Filmore, It' s a GPCR world, Modern Drug Discovery, p.11, 2004.

M. Yuji and . Mishina, Multiplex GPCR Assay in Reverse Transfection Cell Microarrays, J. Biomol. Screen, vol.9, pp.196-207, 2004.

P. Gilles-de-gennes, Wetting: statics and dynamics, Reviews of Modern Physics, vol.57, issue.3, pp.827-842, 1985.
DOI : 10.1103/RevModPhys.57.827

V. Berejnov and R. Thorne, Enhancing drop stability in protein crystallization by chemical patterning, Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, vol.61, issue.12, pp.611563-611570, 2005.
DOI : 10.1107/S0907444905028866

R. Deegan, Capillary flow as the cause of ring stains from dried liquid drops, Nature, vol.389, issue.6653, pp.827-829, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/39827

S. D. Gillmor, Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Patterned Surfaces as Templates for DNA Arrays, Langmuir, vol.16, issue.18, pp.7223-7228, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/la991026a

. Hung, Use of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)s as a Sample Support for the MALDI-TOF Analysis of DNA and Proteins, Analytical Chemistry, vol.71, issue.2, pp.71-518, 1999.
DOI : 10.1021/ac980824n

E. Ostuni, Selective Deposition of Proteins and Cells in Arrays of Microwells, Langmuir, vol.17, issue.9, pp.2828-2834, 2001.
DOI : 10.1021/la001372o

C. and W. Xu, High-Density Cell Microarrays for Parallel Functional Determinations, Genome Res, vol.12, pp.482-486, 2002.

J. B. Delehanty, Transfected Cell Microarrays for the Expression of Membrane-Displayed Single-Chain Antibodies, Analytical Chemistry, vol.76, issue.24, pp.7323-7328, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/ac049259g

M. Thery, The extracellular matrix guides the orientation of the cell division axis, Nature Cell Biology, vol.124, issue.10, pp.947-953, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s00249-003-0282-2

A. Revzin, Surface Engineering with Poly(ethylene glycol) Photolithography to Create High-Density Cell Arrays on Glass, Langmuir, vol.19, issue.23, pp.19-9855, 2003.
DOI : 10.1021/la035129b

S. Christopher and . Chen, Geometric Control of Cell Life and Death, Science, vol.276, pp.1425-1428, 1997.

J. Fukuda, Novel hepatocyte culture system developed using microfabrication and collagen/polyethylene glycol microcontact printing, Biomaterials, vol.27, issue.7, pp.1061-1070, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.031

N. Li, Biology on a Chip: Microfabrication for Studying the Behavior of Cultured Cells, Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, vol.31, issue.5-6, pp.31423-488, 2003.
DOI : 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.v31.i56.20

H. Harley and . Mcadams, It's a noisy business! Genetic regulation at the nanomolar scale, Trends in Genetics, vol.15, pp.65-69, 1999.

L. John and . Spudich, Non-genetic individuality: chance in the single cell, Nature, vol.262, pp.467-471, 1976.

M. Ertugrul and . Ozbudak, Regulation of noise in the expression of a single gene, Nature Genetics, pp.31-69, 2002.

C. V. Rao, Control, exploitation and tolerance of intracellular noise, Nature, vol.21, issue.6912, pp.231-237, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/35011540

W. Blake, Noise in eukaryotic gene expression, Nature, vol.17, issue.6932, pp.633-637, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M105276200

J. Levsky, Gene expression and the myth of the average cell, Trends in Cell Biology, vol.13, issue.1, pp.4-6, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0962-8924(02)00002-8

M. S. Ko, A stochastic model for gene induction, Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol.153, issue.2, pp.181-194, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5193(05)80421-7

. Tan-chee-meng, Modelling and simulation of biological systems with stochasticity, In Silico Biology, vol.4, p.24, 2004.

J. M. Raser, Control of Stochasticity in Eukaryotic Gene Expression, Science, vol.304, issue.5678, pp.1811-1814, 2004.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1098641

J. Comley, HIGH CONTENT SCREENING -emerging importance of novel reagents/probes and pathway analysis, Drug Discovery World Summer, pp.31-53, 2005.

A. E. Carpenter, CellProfiler: image analysis for high throughput microscopy

D. Wheeler, RNAi living-cell microarrays for loss-of-function screens in Drosophila melanogaster cells, Science, vol.6, issue.2, pp.1-6
DOI : ncb10.1038/ncb763

D. , L. Taylor, and K. A. Giuliano, Multiplexed high content screening assays create a systems cell biology approach to drug discovery, Drug Discovery Today: Technologies, issue.2, pp.149-154, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ddtec.2005.05.023

A. P. Alivisatos, Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals, and Quantum Dots, Science, vol.271, issue.5251, pp.933-937, 1996.
DOI : 10.1126/science.271.5251.933

A. P. Alivisatos, The use of nanocrystals in biological detection, Nature Biotechnology, vol.22, issue.1, pp.47-52, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nbt927

X. Michalet, Quantum Dots for Live Cells, in Vivo Imaging, and Diagnostics, vivo Imaging, and Diagnostics, pp.538-544, 2005.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1104274

J. K. Evaporation-81, Hardy« Evaporation of Drops of Liquid » Aeorautical Research Council ? reports and memoranda, 1953.

R. G. Picknett and . Bexon, The evaporation of sessile or pendant drops in still air, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol.61, issue.2, pp.61-336, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9797(77)90396-4

R. Deegan, Capillary flow as the cause of ring stains from dried liquid drops, Nature, vol.389, issue.6653, pp.827-829, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/39827

K. S. Birdi, A study of the evaporation rates of small water drops placed on a solid surface, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.93, issue.9, pp.93-3102, 1989.
DOI : 10.1021/j100346a065

S. M. Rowan, Evaporation of Microdroplets and the Wetting of Solid Surfaces, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.99, issue.35, pp.13268-13271, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/j100035a034

B. Schaack, A "DropChip" Cell Array for DNA and siRNA Transfection Combined with Drug Screening, NanoBiotechnology, vol.1, issue.2, pp.183-189, 2005.
DOI : 10.1385/NBT:1:2:183

F. Chang, Surfection: a new platform for transfected cell arrays, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.32, issue.3, p.33, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gnh029

D. Li, Drop size dependence of contact angles and line tensions of solidliquid systems " Colloids and surfaces A, pp.1-23, 1996.

J. Mouette, Physique des surfaces et des interfaces, pp.1-38, 2002.

S. Vafaeia and M. Z. Podowskia, Analysis of the relationship between liquid droplet size and contact angle, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, vol.113, issue.2-3, pp.133-146, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cis.2005.03.001

A. Ulman, Formation and Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers, Chemical Reviews, vol.96, issue.4, pp.1533-1554, 1996.
DOI : 10.1021/cr9502357

A. Kumar, Patterning Self-Assembled Monolayers: Applications in Materials Science, Langmuir, vol.10, issue.5, pp.1498-1511, 1994.
DOI : 10.1021/la00017a030

E. Ruckenstein and Z. F. Li, Surface modification and functionalization through the self-assembled monolayer and graft polymerization, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, vol.113, issue.1, pp.43-63, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cis.2004.07.009

J. Cox, Surface passivation of a microfluidic device to glial cell adhesion: a comparison of hydrophobic and hydrophilic SAM coatings, Biomaterials, vol.23, issue.3, pp.929-964, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00205-8

M. Schaeferling, Application of self-assembly techniques in the design of biocompatible protein microarray surfaces, ELECTROPHORESIS, vol.74, issue.18, pp.3097-105, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/1522-2683(200209)23:18<3097::AID-ELPS3097>3.0.CO;2-G

T. Daniel and . Chiu, Patterned deposition of cells and proteins onto surfaces by using threedimensional microfluidic systems, PNAS, vol.97, pp.2408-2413, 2000.

A. G. Richter, In situ and interrupted-growth studies of the self-assembly of octadecyltrichlorosilane monolayers, PhysRevE, vol.61, p.607, 2000.

M. Mayer, Chemical vapor deposition of fluoroalkylsilane monolayer films for adhesion control in microelectromechanical systems, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, vol.18, issue.5, pp.2433-2440, 2000.
DOI : 10.1116/1.1288200

J. D. Le-grange and J. L. Markham, Effects of surface hydration on the deposition of silane monolayers on silica, Langmuir, vol.9, issue.7, pp.1749-1753, 1993.
DOI : 10.1021/la00031a023

M. E. Mcgovern, Role of Solvent on the Silanization of Glass with Octadecyltrichlorosilane, Langmuir, vol.10, issue.10, pp.3607-3614, 1994.
DOI : 10.1021/la00022a038

H. Hoffmann, Structure of Alkylsiloxane Monolayers on Silicon Surfaces Investigated by External Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy, Langmuir, vol.11, issue.4, pp.1304-1312, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/la00004a043

C. P. Tripp and M. L. Hair, An infrared study of the reaction of octadecyltrichlorosilane with silica, Langmuir, vol.8, issue.4, pp.1120-1126, 1992.
DOI : 10.1021/la00040a018

B. Kobrin, Molecular Vapor Deposition ? An Improved Vapor-Phase Deposition Technique of Molecular Coatings for MEMS Devices " SEMICON® West, SEMI® Technical Symposium: Innovations in Semiconductor Manufacturing (STS: ISM), 2004.

N. Li and J. , Structure and Stability of Patterned Self-Assembled Films of Octadecyltrichlorosilane Formed by Contact Printing, Langmuir, vol.13, pp.3382-3391, 1997.

C. S. Chen, Geometric Control of Cell Life and Death, Science, vol.276, issue.5317, pp.1425-1428, 1997.
DOI : 10.1126/science.276.5317.1425

Y. Xia and G. M. Whitesides, Soft Lithography, angew. Chem. Int Ed, vol.37, pp.500-575, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19980316)37:5<550::aid-anie550>3.3.co;2-7

R. S. Kane, Patterning proteins and cells using soft lithography, Biomaterials, vol.20, issue.23-24, pp.2363-2376, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0142-9612(99)00165-9

C. J. Campbell, Reactive Surface Micropatterning by Wet Stamping, Langmuir, vol.21, issue.7, pp.2637-2640, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/la046942p

T. Onda, Super-Water-Repellent Fractal Surfaces, Langmuir, vol.12, issue.9, pp.2125-2127, 1996.
DOI : 10.1021/la950418o

Z. Gu, Structural Color and the Lotus Effect, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol.42, issue.8, pp.894-897, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/anie.200390235

A. Otten and S. Herminghaus, How Plants Keep Dry:?? A Physicist's Point of View, Langmuir, vol.20, issue.6, pp.2405-2408, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/la034961d

R. Fürstner and W. Barthlott, Wetting and Self-Cleaning Properties of Artificial Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Langmuir, vol.21, issue.3, pp.956-961, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/la0401011

H. Erbil, Transformation of a Simple Plastic into a Superhydrophobic Surface, Science, vol.299, issue.5611, pp.1377-1380, 2003.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1078365

D. Quéré, Surface chemistry: Fakir droplets, Nature Materials, vol.1, issue.1, pp.14-15, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nmat715

J. Bico, Pearl drops, Europhysics Letters (EPL), vol.47, issue.2, pp.220-226, 1999.
DOI : 10.1209/epl/i1999-00548-y

J. Kijlstra, Roughness and topology of ultra-hydrophobic surfaces, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol.206, issue.1-3, p.521, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0927-7757(02)00089-4

A. Lafuma and D. Quéré, Superhydrophobic states, Nature Materials, vol.2, issue.7, pp.457-460, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nmat924

N. Tom and . Krupenkin, From Rolling Ball to Complete Wetting: The Dynamic Tuning of Liquids on Nanostructured Surfaces, Langmuir, vol.20, pp.3824-3827, 2004.

M. Schuerenberg, Prestructured MALDI-MS Sample Supports, Analytical Chemistry, vol.72, issue.15, pp.3436-3442, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/ac000092a

A. Marmur, The Lotus Effect:?? Superhydrophobicity and Metastability, Langmuir, vol.20, issue.9, pp.3517-3519, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/la036369u

J. Kijlstra, Roughness and topology of ultra-hydrophobic surfaces, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol.206, issue.1-3, pp.521-529, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0927-7757(02)00089-4

D. Ingber, Fibronectin controls capillary endothelial cell growth by modulating cell shape., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.87, issue.9, pp.3579-3583, 1990.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.87.9.3579

S. Raghavan and C. S. Chen, Micropatterned Environments in Cell Biology, Advanced Materials, vol.16, issue.15, pp.1303-1313, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/adma.200400594

J. L. Tan, Simple Approach to Micropattern Cells on Common Culture Substrates by Tuning Substrate Wettability, Tissue Engineering, vol.10, issue.5-6, p.865, 2004.
DOI : 10.1089/1076327041348365

D. Rose, Microdispensing technologies in drug discovery, Drug Discovery Today, vol.4, issue.9, pp.411-419, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6446(99)01388-4

A. David, I. Dunn, and . Feygin, Challenges and solutions to ultra-high-throughput screening assay miniaturization : submicroliter fluid handling " Drug Discovery Today (5 -suppl), pp.84-91, 2000.

H. Aerni, Automated Acoustic Matrix Deposition for MALDI Sample Preparation, Analytical Chemistry, vol.78, issue.3, pp.827-834, 2006.
DOI : 10.1021/ac051534r

R. N. Ellson, Acoustic ejection of fluids from a plurality of reservoirs, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.115, issue.5, p.6666541
DOI : 10.1121/1.1757194

R. N. Ellson, Picoliter: enabling precise transfer of nanoliter and picoliter volumes, Drug Discovery Today, vol.7, issue.5, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6446(02)02176-1

R. Ellson, Transfer of low nanoliter volumes between microplates using focused acoustics?automation considerations, Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation, vol.8, issue.5, pp.29-34, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1535-5535(03)00011-X

S. Elrod, Nozzleless droplet formation with focused acoustic beams, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.65, issue.9, pp.3441-3447, 1989.
DOI : 10.1063/1.342663

. Hsieh, Ultra-High-Throughput Microarray Generation and Liquid Dispensing Using Multiple Disposable Piezoelectric Ejectors, Journal of Biomolecular Screening, vol.9, issue.2, pp.85-94, 2004.
DOI : 10.1177/1087057103260943

T. Xu, Inkjet printing of viable mammalian cells, Biomaterials, vol.26, issue.1, pp.93-99, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.04.011

P. Koltay, The dispensing well plate: a novel nanodispenser for the multiparallel delivery of liquids (DWP Part I), Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol.116, issue.3, pp.483-491, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sna.2004.05.038

O. Gutmann, Impact of medium properties on droplet release in a highly parallel nanoliter dispenser, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol.116, issue.2, pp.187-194, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sna.2004.04.021

H. Bas-de, A tuneable and highly-parallel picolitre-dispenser based on direct liquid displacement, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol.103, pp.88-92, 2003.

. Ui-chong, Soft printing of droplets pre-metered by electrowetting, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol.114, pp.347-354, 2004.

J. D. Jeyaprakash, Modification of Micronozzle Surfaces Using Fluorinated Polymeric Nanofilms for Enhanced Dispensing of Polar and Nonpolar Fluids, Anal. Chem, vol.77, pp.6469-6474, 2005.

P. Daniel and . Little, MALDI on a Chip: Analysis of Arrays of Low-Femtomole to Subfemtomole Quantities of Synthetic Oligonucleotides and DNA Diagnostic Products Dispensed by a Piezoelectric Pipet, Anal. Chem, pp.69-4540, 1997.

A. Y. Fu, An Integrated Microfabricated Cell Sorter, Analytical Chemistry, vol.74, issue.11, pp.2451-2457, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/ac0255330

M. He, Selective Encapsulation of Single Cells and Subcellular Organelles into Picoliter- and Femtoliter-Volume Droplets, Analytical Chemistry, vol.77, issue.6, pp.1539-1544, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/ac0480850

D. C. Neugebauer, Evidence of central and peripheral gravireception in the ciliate Loxodes striatus, Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, vol.183, issue.3, pp.303-311, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/s003590050257

J. Reboud, Procédé et méthode pour l'analyse d'un milieu réactionnel vivant, p.2857451

S. J. Gaskell, Electrospray: Principles and Practice, Journal of Mass Spectrometry, vol.32, issue.7, pp.677-688, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199707)32:7<677::AID-JMS536>3.0.CO;2-G

M. Dieter and . Drexler, Mass spectrometry techniques for qualitative and quantitative analysis of biomarkers, Drug Discovery Today: Technologies, vol.1, pp.17-23, 2004.

H. M. Johanna and . Van-adrichem, Investigation of Protein Patterns in Mammalian Cells and Culture Supernatants by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Anal. Chem, pp.70-923, 1998.

E. Petricoin and L. Liotta, SELDI-TOF-based serum proteomic pattern diagnostics for early detection of cancer, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, vol.15, issue.1, pp.24-30, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.005

. Petricoin, Use of proteomic patterns in serum to identify ovarian cancer, The Lancet, vol.359, issue.9306, pp.572-577, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07746-2

R. Caprioli, CONTINUOUS-FLOW FAST ATOM BOMBARDMENT MASS SPECTROMETRY, Analytical Chemistry, vol.62, issue.8, pp.477-485, 1990.
DOI : 10.1021/ac00207a715

M. W. Hayman-a and S. A. Przyborski, Proteomic identification of biomarkers expressed by human pluripotent stem cells, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.316, issue.3, pp.918-923, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.141

L. Aimee, . Edinger, B. Craig, and . Thompson, Death by design: apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, Current Opinion in Cell Biology, vol.16, pp.663-669, 2004.

M. Shiwa, Rapid discovery and identification of a tissue-specific tumor biomarker from 39 human cancer cell lines using the SELDI ProteinChip platform, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.309, issue.1, pp.18-25, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01520-1

R. and K. Curtis, Pathways to the analysis of microarray data, Trends in Biotechnology, vol.23, issue.8, pp.429-435, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.05.011

M. B. Eisen, Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.24, issue.2, pp.95-14863, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90326-3

S. Stanislav and . Rubakhin, Imaging mass spectrometry: fundamentals and applications to drug discovery, Drug Discovery Today, vol.10, pp.823-837, 2005.

P. Chaurand, Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Potentials, Toxicologic Pathology, vol.362, issue.1, pp.92-101, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/jms.525

P. Chaurand, Imaging mass spectrometry: a new tool to investigate the spatial organization of peptides and proteins in mammalian tissue sections, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, vol.6, issue.5, pp.676-81, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00370-8

P. Chaurand and R. Caprioli, Direct profiling and imaging of peptides and proteins from mammalian cells and tissue sections by mass spectrometry, ELECTROPHORESIS, vol.13, issue.18, pp.3125-3160, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/1522-2683(200209)23:18<3125::AID-ELPS3125>3.0.CO;2-#

H. Nygren, Localization of cholesterol, phosphocholine and galactosylceramide in rat cerebellar cortex with imaging TOF-SIMS equipped with a bismuth cluster ion source, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, vol.1737, issue.2-3, pp.1737102-1737112, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbalip.2005.10.004

D. Touboul, Tissue Molecular Ion Imaging by Gold Cluster Ion Bombardment, Analytical Chemistry, vol.76, issue.6, pp.1550-1559, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/ac035243z

T. Roddy, Imaging of Freeze-Fractured Cells with in Situ Fluorescence and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, vol.74, issue.16, pp.4011-4020, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/ac0255734

T. Colliver, Atomic and Molecular Imaging at the Single-Cell Level with TOF-SIMS, Analytical Chemistry, vol.69, issue.13, pp.2225-2256, 1997.
DOI : 10.1021/ac9701748

A. Wittig, Preparation of cells cultured on silicon wafers for mass spectrometry analysis, Microscopy Research and Technique, vol.II, issue.232, pp.248-58, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/jemt.20159

A. Hamlat, Oligodendroglioma: clinical study and survival analysis correlated with chromosomal anomalies, Neurosurgical Focus, vol.19, issue.5, p.15, 2005.
DOI : 10.3171/foc.2005.19.5.16

T. Kanzawa, Inhibition of DNA repair for sensitizing resistant glioma cells to temozolomide, Journal of Neurosurgery, vol.99, issue.6, pp.1047-52, 2003.
DOI : 10.3171/jns.2003.99.6.1047

B. Liang, Effects of hypoxia on drug resistance phenotype and genotype in human glioma cell lines, Journal of Neuro-Oncology, vol.29, issue.2, pp.149-55, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00182138

H. Ohgaki and P. , Population-Based Studies on Incidence, Survival Rates, and Genetic Alterations in Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Gliomas, Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, vol.64, issue.6, pp.479-89, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/jnen/64.6.479

A. Zupanska, Cyclosporine a induces growth arrest or programmed cell death of human glioma cells, Neurochemistry International, vol.47, issue.6, pp.430-471, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuint.2005.05.010

J. Kurreck, Antisense technologies. Improvement through novel chemical modifications, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.20, issue.8, pp.1628-1644, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nbt739

T. Aboul, Antisense Oligonucleotides: The State of the Art, Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol.12, issue.19, pp.2193-214, 2005.
DOI : 10.2174/0929867054864859

Y. Zhang, Antisens inhibition : oligonucleotides, ribozymes, and siRNAs, Methods Mol. Med, vol.106, pp.11-24, 2005.

A. Fire, Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans, Nature, vol.391, issue.6669, pp.806-811, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/35888

G. J. Hannon, RNA interference, Nature, vol.21, issue.6894, pp.244-251, 2002.
DOI : 10.1089/10430340050015761

J. Gregory, J. J. Hannon, and . Rossi, Unlocking the potential of the human genome with RNA interference, Nature, vol.431, pp.371-378, 2004.

S. Elbashir, Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells, Nature, vol.411, issue.6836, pp.494-502, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35078107

C. James, V. Carrington, and . Ambros, Role of MicroRNAs in Plant and Animal Development, Science, vol.301, pp.336-338, 2003.

K. Berns, A large-scale RNAi screen in human cells identifies new components of the p53 pathway, Nature, vol.428, issue.6981, pp.431-437, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02371

R. Kumar, High-Throughput Selection of Effective RNAi Probes for Gene Silencing, Genome Research, vol.13, issue.10, pp.2333-2340, 2003.
DOI : 10.1101/gr.1575003

A. Willingham, RNAi and HTS: exploring cancer by systematic loss-of-function, Oncogene, vol.23, issue.51, pp.8392-400, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.onc.1208217

P. J. Paddison, A resource for large-scale RNA-interference-based screens in mammals, Nature, vol.428, issue.6981, pp.427-431, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02370

S. Ding, RNAi: Mechanisms, biology and applications, FEBS Letters, vol.579, issue.26, pp.5821-6008, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.08.036

G. Meister and T. Tuschl, Mechanisms of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA, Nature, vol.86, issue.7006, pp.343-349, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02366

J. Whelan, First clinical data on RNAi, Drug Discovery Today, vol.10, issue.15, pp.1014-1015, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6446(05)03547-6

A. Forte, Small Interfering RNAs and Antisense Oligonucleotides for Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Current Drug Targets, vol.6, issue.1, pp.21-30, 2005.
DOI : 10.2174/1389450053344920

J. Beal, Silence is golden: can RNA interference therapeutics deliver?, Drug Discovery Today, vol.10, issue.3, pp.169-72, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6446(04)03362-8

Z. Paroo and D. R. Corey, Challenges for RNAi in vivo, Trends in Biotechnology, vol.22, issue.8, pp.390-394, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.06.004

D. Gonga, J. E. Ferrell, and J. , Picking a winner: new mechanistic insights into the design of effective siRNAs, Trends in Biotechnology, vol.22, issue.9, pp.451-454, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.07.008

M. Aghi, Effect of Chemotherapy-Induced DNA Repair on Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viral Replication, JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol.98, issue.1, pp.38-50, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/jnci/djj003

Z. E. Perlman, Multidimensional Drug Profiling By Automated Microscopy, Science, vol.306, issue.5699, pp.1194-1198
DOI : 10.1126/science.1100709

J. Zhang, A Simple Statistical Parameter for Use in Evaluation and Validation of High Throughput Screening Assays, Journal of Biomolecular Screening, vol.4, issue.2, pp.67-73, 1999.
DOI : 10.1177/108705719900400206

. Haguet, A, µTAS conference 2005 (3-13 Octobre 2005)
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00439982

H. Anderssona, A. Van-den, and . Berg, Microfluidic devices for cellomics: a review, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol.92, issue.3, pp.315-325, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00266-1

J. Moxnes, The dynamics of cell proliferation, Medical Hypotheses, vol.62, issue.4, p.556, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.007