B. En-symétrie and . En-revanche, energie correspondantàcorrespondantà la suppression d'intensité observée dans Hg78K : environ 800 cm ?1 Cetté energie est comparablè a celle déduite de l'´ evolution du taux de diffusion optique en fonction de la fréquence dans Y-123 sousdopé par exemple (voir figure 1.34) Nous avons, ` a cetégardcetégard, déjà souligné les similitudes entre la réponse B 2g et la conductivité dans les plans. Ce fait confirme que les propriétés de transport (dans les plans) dans l'´ etat normal sont essentiellement dominées par la région proche de la direction (0.0)-(?,?) dans les cuprates sousdopés. Enfin les données B 2g sont compatibles avec les données ARPES qui montrent que le pseudogap s'ouvre principalement dans la direction, )-(?, ?)

. Etat-supraconducteur, 1g donnent deux images différentes de la transition supraconductrice du côté sousdopé En effet les données ARPES dans le régime sousdopé montrent clairement l'apparition d'un pic de cohérence en dessous de T c compatible avec l'existence de quasiparticules au moins marginalement définies dans l'´ etat supraconducteur (voir figure 1.27) Bien que l'amplitude de ce pic diminue avec le dopage, celui-ci reste visible pour deséchantillonsdeséchantillons sousdopés avec des T c d'environ 55 K [97, 85]. Les raisons de l'apparition soudaine d'un pic de cohérence de la fonction spectrale dans l'´ etat supraconducteur ne font pas l'objet d'un consensusàconsensusà l'heure actuelle. Le lecteur pourra se référer aux références [191, 158] notamment pour des discussions théoriques de ce phénomène. Les spectres ARPES indiquent donc que contrairement aux scénarií evoqués dans le paragraphe précédent, l'´ etat supraconducteur semble s'´ etablir sur toute la surface de Fermi, même aux points (?,0) Cette vision de la transition supraconductrice du côté sousdopé contraste clairement avec le fait que la réponse B, ). L'entrée dans le régime sousdopé (avec son pseudogap) semble donc avoir un effet plus dramatique sur la réponse Raman dans l'´ etat supraconducteur que sur la fonction spectrale déterminée par ARPES

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