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. Preprint, 1 Introduction Le paramètre d'impact b, le nombre de participants N part et le nombre de collisions binaires N bin n'étant pas mesurables, il est nécessaire de modéliser la collision afin d'établir le lien entre ces quantités et des quantités mesurables comme le nombre de particules chargées Cette modélisatioin peut se faire à l'aide de modèles dits géométriques. Pour illustrer ce que l'on appelle modèles géométriques, nous avons choisi de présenter brièvement quelques notions actuellement utilisées pour construire un modèle dit " de Glauber 1 [Glau 59, JeKa 97] " cherchant à décrire la collision de deux noyaux. Alors que le but des collisions d'ions lourds ultra-relativistes est de sonder l'interaction à l'échelle des partons, il se trouve que les propriétés du bulk de certains spectres sont assez bien décrites par des arguments simples qui ne mettent en jeu que des superpositions de collisions nucléon-nucléon N+N, La théorie de Glauber est une théorie semi-classique qui repose sur des processus stochastiques ayant pour mécanismes élémentaires les collisions nucléonnucléon 2 . Le modèle utilise l'approximation eikonale pour décrire l'interaction sur une petite région de l'espace. Dans cette approximation, la trajectoire des noyaux est considérée comme 1

. Le-modèle-que, Modèle Notons toutefois l'utilisation actuelle d'un autre modèle inspiré de Glauber dit " Glauber Optique " . Le formalisme du modèle " optique " est développé en section 2, tandis que la réalisation numérique de la construction " optique " est présentée en section 3. Il s'agit là de résultats d'un modèle de Glauber de type MC. Ces deux modèles partent des mêmes fondements théoriques. La façon dont les calculs sont menés et approximés ensuite les différentie