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. Le-dioxyde-de-carbone-supercritique, extraction en milieu supercritique d'ions métalliques tels que le césium et l'uranium. Un intérêt particulier a ´ eté porté au rôle de l'eau lors de ces extractions ainsi qu'` a son interaction avec des agents chélateurs (AC) Enpremì ere partie, leséthersleséthers couronne ontétéontété choisis comme AC du césium et leur interaction avec l'eau a ´ etéetéétudiée dans le SF-CO 2 en utilisant la spectroscopie InfraRougè a Transformée de Fourier (IR-TF) Une configuration sandwich entre deuxéthersdeuxéthers couronne et une molécule d'eau a ´ eté observée dans le SF-CO 2 . Pour les configurations simple et pontée, l'´ equilibre a ´ eté défini et l'enthalpie de formation de la liaison hydrogène a ´ eté calculée, Ces résultats ont ensuité eté comparéscomparésà ceux obtenus dans des mélanges de CHCl 3 et de CCl 4 en utilisant la spectroscopiè a Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire (RMN). Pour conclure cettepremì ere partie

. Dans-unedeuxì-eme-partie, Des complexes de Phosphate de TriButyle (TBP), d'eau et d'acide nitrique ontétéontété utilisés comme AC et oxydants. L'IR-TF a ´ eté utilisée pourétudierpourétudier l'interaction entre le TBP et l'eau dans le SF-CO 2 . Ces résultats ontétéontété comparéscomparésà ceux trouvés dans le CHCl 3 en utilisant la RMN. Cette même spectroscopie a ´ eté utilisée pour comprendre les interactions entre l'acide nitrique, le TBP et l'eau, seuls puis dissous dans du CHCl 3 . La formation de microgouttelettes d'acide et d'eau duesàduesà l'effet anti-solvant a ´ eté observée et quantifiée. Pour conclure ce travail de thèse j'ai réussì a optimiser l'extraction et la récupération d'uranium enrichi provenant de cendres d'incinération de déchets de fabrication de combustible nucléaire, complexe de TBP, d'eau et d'acide nitrique dissous dans du SF-CO 2 a ´ eté utiliséutiliséà cette fin. Mots clefs, p.2