On suit alors les etapes suivantes : 1. On d eenit une distribution d'anomalies de TPQG q 0 (x; y; z), de temp erature potentielle au sol 0 (x; y; z = 0) ,
Numerical methods used in atmospheric models, GARP Tech. Rep, vol.17, 1976. ,
Frequency Filter for Time Integrations, Monthly Weather Review, vol.100, issue.6, pp.487-490, 1972. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1972)100<0487:FFFTI>2.3.CO;2
Nonlinearity in transient, two-dimensional ow over topography, 1987. ,
Topographic eeects in stratiied ows, 1995. ,
Atmospheric processes over complex terrain Chapter 9: The role of mountain ows in making clouds, Meteor. Monogr, issue.45, pp.23229-283, 1990. ,
A mass-flux convection scheme for regional and global models, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.43, issue.573, pp.869-886, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712757309
On the low-level redistribution of atmospheric water caused by orography. Actes de la conf erence International Cloud Physics, 1968. ,
Potential vorticity and the electrostatics analogy: Quasi-geostrophic theory, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.19, issue.517, pp.713-731, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712051710
The MAP Special Observing Period, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol.82, issue.3, pp.433-462, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<0433:TMSOP>2.3.CO;2
Organization of clouds and precipitation in extratropical cyclones . Extratropical Cyclones. The Erik Palmen Memorial Volume, 1990. ,
Mesoscale Meteorological Features Associated with Heavy Precipitation in the Southern Alpine Region, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol.72, issue.2-4, pp.131-146, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s007030050011
Numerical Simulations of the 1994 Piedmont Flood: Role of Orography and Moist Processes, Monthly Weather Review, vol.126, issue.9, pp.2369-2383, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<2369:NSOTPF>2.0.CO;2
A Numerical Study of the Stratiform Region of a Fast-Moving Squall Line. Part II: Relationship between Mass, Pressure, and Momentum Fields, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.52, issue.3, pp.331-352, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1995)052<0331:ANSOTS>2.0.CO;2
A Numerical Study of the Stratiform Region of a Fast-Moving Squall Line. Part I: General Description and Water and Heat Budgets, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.51, issue.14, pp.2046-2074, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<2046:ANSOTS>2.0.CO;2
On the Stability of Internal Baroclinic Jets in a Rotating Atmosphere, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.19, issue.2, pp.159-172, 1962. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1962)019<0159:OTSOIB>2.0.CO;2
Effects of Orography on the Generation and Propagation of Mesoscale Convective Systems in a Two-Dimensional Conditionally Unstable Flow, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.57, issue.23, pp.3817-3837, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(2001)057<3817:EOOOTG>2.0.CO;2
Simulations num eriques a haute r esolution de syst emes pr ecipitants intenses sur orographie complexe. Th ese de doctorat de l, 2000. ,
The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). I: Formulation, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.100, issue.550, pp.1783-1807, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712455002
Lifting by Convergence Lines, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.57, issue.6, pp.873-890, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<0873:LBCL>2.0.CO;2
A turbulence scheme allowing for mesoscale and large-eddy simulations, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.28, issue.2, pp.1-30, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712656202
An application of the Langevin equation for inhomogeneous conditions to dispersion in a convective boundary layer, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.28, issue.471, pp.165-180, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49711247110
Flash Flood Forecasting: An Ingredients-Based Methodology, Weather and Forecasting, vol.11, issue.4, pp.560-581, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0434(1996)011<0560:FFFAIB>2.0.CO;2
Improving the Anelastic Approximation, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.46, issue.11, pp.1453-1461, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<1453:ITAA>2.0.CO;2
The Effects of Moisture on Trapped Mountain Lee Waves, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.39, issue.11, pp.2490-2506, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1982)039<2490:TEOMOT>2.0.CO;2
On the Effects of Moisture on the Brunt-V??is??l?? Frequency, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.39, issue.10, pp.2152-2158, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1982)039<2152:OTEOMO>2.0.CO;2
Le colloque de Rome sur la m et eorologie du bassin m editerran een. Notice d'informations techniques, Direction de la M et eorologie Nationale, 1962. ,
Dynamics of seminal PV elements. Th ese de l'ETH-Z urich, 1997. ,
Predictability Issues of Heavy Alpine South-Side Precipitation, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol.72, issue.2-4, pp.223-231, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s007030050017
An Alpine Rainstorm: Sensitivity to the Mesoscale Upper-Level Structure, Weather and Forecasting, vol.15, issue.1, pp.4-28, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0434(2000)015<0004:AARSTT>2.0.CO;2
Numerical simulations of the Piedmont ood of 4-6, pp.162-180, 1994. ,
A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations, International Journal of Climatology, vol.12, issue.8, pp.873-900, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0088(19980630)18:8<873::AID-JOC255>3.0.CO;2-9
On the use of a coordinate transformation for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.17, issue.2, pp.209-228, 1975. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9991(75)90037-6
A numerical study of three-dimensional orographic gravity-wave breaking observed in a hydraulic tank, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.410, pp.67-99, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112099008009
Interaction of Low-Level Flow with the Western Ghat Mountains and Offshore Convection in the Summer Monsoon, Monthly Weather Review, vol.112, issue.4, pp.652-672, 1984. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<0652:IOLLFW>2.0.CO;2
A Case of Rapid Continental Mesoscale Cyclogenesis. Part II: Model and Observational Diagnosis, Monthly Weather Review, vol.123, issue.4, pp.998-1024, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<0998:ACORCM>2.0.CO;2
On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.41, issue.1, pp.877-946, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49711147002
Cloud dynamics. International Geophysics Series, 1993. ,
Inventaire des situations a pr ecipitations diluviennes sur les r egions Languedoc-Rousillon, PACA et Corse. P eriode 1958-1994, Ph enom enes remarquables no.3, M et eo-France, SCEM, 1994. ,
A One-Dimensional Entraining/Detraining Plume Model and Its Application in Convective Parameterization, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.47, issue.23, pp.2784-2802, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1990)047<2784:AODEPM>2.0.CO;2
Case studies of severe convective storms in the friuli area, MAP Newsletter, issue.4, 1996. ,
On the distribution and continuity of water substance in atmospheric circulation, Meteor.Monogr, vol.46, pp.165-170, 1969. ,
The Meso-NH Atmospheric Simulation System. Part I: adiabatic formulation and control simulations, Annales Geophysicae, vol.16, issue.1, pp.90-109, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s00585-997-0090-6
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00329074
A Scale Analysis of Deep Moist Convection and Some Related Numerical Calculations, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.39, issue.10, pp.2192-2210, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1982)039<2192:ASAODM>2.0.CO;2
Some aspects of the ow of stratiied uids. Part I : A theoretical investigation, Tellus, vol.5, pp.42-58, 1953. ,
Heavy precipitation on the alpine southside: An upper-level precursor, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.123, issue.1, pp.1435-1438, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1029/98GL50869
Radiation and cloud radiative properties in the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts forecasting system, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.53, issue.D5, pp.9121-9132, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1029/89JD01597
A Simple Parameterization of Land Surface Processes for Meteorological Models, Monthly Weather Review, vol.117, issue.3, pp.536-549, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<0536:ASPOLS>2.0.CO;2
Morphologie et tra^ n ee de quelques ecoulements orographiques de complexit e croissante. Th ese de l, 1996. ,
Nonlinear Flow Past an Elliptic Mountain Ridge, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.53, issue.17, pp.2465-2489, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<2465:NFPAEM>2.0.CO;2
The Effect of Rotation and Surface Friction on Orographic Drag, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.54, issue.1, pp.193-210, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<0193:TEORAS>2.0.CO;2
Averses et crues fantastiques deans le Roussilon en octobre 1940. La M et eorologie, janvier-juin, 1941. ,
Upstream Effects of Mesoscale Mountains, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.42, issue.10, pp.977-1003, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1985)042<0977:UEOMM>2.0.CO;2
A mixed-phase cloud parametrization for use in mesoscale non-hydrostatic model: simulations of a squall-line and of orographic precipitations, pp.217-220, 1998. ,
Response of a Stably Stratified Flow to Cooling, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.46, issue.18, pp.2830-2837, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<2830:ROASSF>2.0.CO;2
A three-dimensional atmospheric trajectory model: Application to a case study of alpine lee cyclogenesis, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol.45, issue.4, pp.211-229, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF01026018
Les episodes orageux a pr ecipitations extr^ emes sur les r egions m editerran eennes de la France. Ph enom enes remarquables no, 1997. ,
An easy method for estimation of Q-vectors from weather maps. Weather and Forecasting, pp.346-353, 1990. ,
Vortex Formation and Vortex Shedding in Continuously Stratified Flows past Isolated Topography, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.54, issue.4, pp.534-554, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<0534:VFAVSI>2.0.CO;2
Structure and evolution of an isolated semi-geostrophic cyclone, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.113, issue.509, pp.57-90, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49711950904
Idealised Numerical Experiments of Alpine Flow Regimes and Southside Precipitation Events, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol.72, issue.2-4, pp.233-250, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s007030050018
The Vaison-la-Romaine ash--ood: mesoscale analysis and predictability issues. Weather and Forecasting, pp.417-442, 1996. ,
The Influence of Mountains on the Atmosphere, Adv. in Geophys, vol.21, pp.87-230, 1979. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0065-2687(08)60262-9
The Influence of the Earth's Rotation on Mountain Wave Drag, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.36, issue.1, pp.177-180, 1979. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<0177:TIOTER>2.0.CO;2
Mountain-induced stagnation points in hydrostatic ow, pp.270-274, 1989. ,
Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in Severe Downslope Wind Flow, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.48, issue.10, pp.1319-1324, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1991)048<1319:KHIISD>2.0.CO;2
The addition of heat to a stratified airstream with application to the dynamics of orographic rain, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.106, issue.456, pp.353-378, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49710845605
On the Dynamics of Hawaiian Cloud Bands: Island Forcing, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.45, issue.13, pp.1872-1905, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<1872:OTDOHC>2.0.CO;2
The multidimensional positive definite advection transport algorithm: nonoscillatory option, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.86, issue.2, pp.355-375, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9991(90)90105-A
Highresolution non-hydrostatic simulations of ash--ood episodes with grid-nesting and ice-phase parametrization, Meteor. Atmos. Phys, vol.72, pp.2-4203, 2000. ,
Transport of Passive Tracers in Baroclinic Wave Life Cycles, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.56, issue.10, pp.1364-1381, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<1364:TOPTIB>2.0.CO;2
Dynamic and thermodynamic structure of an orographic squall-line observed by means of Doppler radars during the map experiment, AMS -Ninth Conference on Mountain Meteorology, pp.149-150, 2000. ,
On the numerical accuracy of trajectory models for long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants. Atmosphere -Ocean, pp.14-39, 1983. ,
A lagrangian-based analysis of extratropical cyclones. I: The method and some applications, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.113, issue.538, pp.467-489, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712353811
On the Thermodynamic Equation for Deep Convection, Monthly Weather Review, vol.105, issue.4, pp.545-549, 1977. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1977)105<0545:OTTEFD>2.0.CO;2
Initiation of Convective Storms at Radar-Observed Boundary-Layer Convergence Lines, Monthly Weather Review, vol.114, issue.12, pp.2516-2536, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1986)114<2516:IOCSAR>2.0.CO;2
Fully multidimensional flux-corrected transport algorithms for fluids, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.31, issue.3, pp.335-362, 1979. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9991(79)90051-2