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. Dorofeyev, une pointe et d'une surface conductrices décrivent les pertes d'énergie induites par effet Joule et obtiennent une variation de l'énergie dissipée en (D ? A) ?4 . Pour notre part nous considérons une perte d'énergie liée au déplacement de la surface sous l'effet des forces de Van der Waals. Lorsque une nanopointe oscille à proximité d'une surface, les forces de Van der Waals attractives peuvent provoquer un déplacement de matière sans contact avec la pointe. Si ce déplacement est celui d'un matériau viscoélastique son retard par rapport à la force exercée introduit une disymétrie des forces de Van der Waals entre l'approche et le