. Tab, Répartition de débit entre l'avant-plan et larrì ere-plan et choix du codeur pour la séquence Foreman CIF 15Hz. La répartition est obtenue par une optimisation débit distortion avec contrainte sur le débit etàetà qualitéqualitéégale entre objets (la distortion utilisée est l'erreur quadratique moyenne) 128, p.2731

. Tab, Répartition de débit entre l'avant-plan et larrì ere-plan et choix du codeur pour la séquence Stefan 240 × 352à352à 15Hz. La répartition est obtenue par une optimisation débit distortion avec contrainte sur le débit etàetà qualitéqualitéégale entre objets

. Bibliographie, ? A new look at statistical model identification, IEEE Trans. on automatic control, vol.74, issue.19, pp.716-723, 1974.

. Alatan, Image sequence analysis for emerging interactive multimedia services-the European COST 211 framework, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, pp.802-813, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/76.735378

. Alpert, Subjective evaluation of MPEG-4 video codec proposals: Methodological approach and test procedures, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol.9, issue.4, pp.303-325, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0923-5965(97)00004-0

. Antonini, Image coding using wavelet transform, Barlaud (M.), pp.205-220, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/83.136597

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01322224

. Ballard, ? Computer Vision, chap, 1982.

. Bibliographie, ? A new method for regionbased depth ordering in a video sequence: application to frame interpolation, Journal of Visual Communications and Image Représentation, vol.13, issue.3, pp.363-385, 2002.

. Bouthemy, ? A hierarchical likelihood approach for region segmentation according to motion-based criteria, 1st Internationale Conference on Computer Vision, pp.463-467, 1987.

. Brady, ? Context-based arithmetic encoding of 2D shape sequence ? Morphological shape representation using the skeleton decomposition: application to image coding, Bossen (F.) et Murphy International Conference on Image ProcessingBraquelaire et al. 97] Braquelaire (J-P.) et Viallard (A.). ? A new antialiasing approach for image compositing. Visual ComputerCammas et al. 03a] Cammas (N.) et Pateux (S.). ? Codage vidéo scalable par maillage et ondelettes 3D. ? COmpression et REprésentation des Signaux AudiovisuelsCammas et al. 03b] Cammas (N.) et Pateux (S.). ? Fine grain scalable video coding using 3D wavelets and active meshes. ? IS&T/SPIE's 15th Electronic Imaging Science and Technology -SPIE'2003 Janvier 2003. ? France Telecom and IRISA. [Canny 83] Canny (J.F.). ? Finding edges and lines in images. ? Rapport de Recherche n?720n?720, pp.29-32218, 1983.

. Bibliographie and . Eisert, ? Rate-distortion-efficient video coding compression using a 3-D head model, International Conference on Image Processsing, pp.217-221, 1999.

. Geman, ? Stochastic relaxation, gibbs distributions and the bayesian restoration of images ? A probabilistic framework for spatio-temporal video representation and indexing, European Conference on Computer Vision, pp.721-741, 1984.

. Han, ? Spatiotemporal subband/wavelet coding of video with object-based motion information, International Conference on Image Processing, 1997.

. Han, ? Adaptive coding of moving objects for very low bit rates, issue on very low bit-rate video coding, 1998.

. Herrmann, ? Shape Analysis by Geodesic Skeletons. ? Information, Inst. F. Integr. Circuits, COST211ter Simulation Group, 1997.

. Bibliographie and . Lu, ? Optimal spline fitting to planar shape, Motioncompensated lifting wavelet and its application in video coding. ? IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, pp.129-140, 1994.

. Marqués, 98] Marqués (F.) et Llach (J.). ? Tracking of generic objects for video object generation, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 1998.

. Mazì-ere, ? Segmentation and tracking of video objects: Suited to content-based video indexing, interarctive television and production systems, International Conference on Image Processing, 2000.

. Mckenna, ? Object tracking using adaptive colour mixture models, Proc. Asian Conference on Computer Vision, pp.615-622, 1998.

. Meyer, Morphological segmentation, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol.1, issue.1, pp.21-46, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/1047-3203(90)90014-M

. Mukherjee, <title>Region-based video coder using edge flow segmentation and hierarchical affine region matching</title>, Visual Communications and Image Processing '98, pp.338-387, 1998.
DOI : 10.1117/12.298344

. Musmann, Hötter (M.) et Ostermann (J.). ? Object-oriented analysis-synthesis coding of moving images, Signal Processing: Image Communication, pp.117-138, 1989.

. Ndili, Coding theoretic approach to image segmentation, Proceedings 2001 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.01CH37205), 2001.
DOI : 10.1109/ICIP.2001.958055

. Nguyen, Gibbs Random Fields, Fuzzy Clustering, and the Unsupervised Segmentation of Textured Images, CVGIP: Graphical Models and Image Processing, vol.55, issue.1, pp.1-19, 1993.
DOI : 10.1006/cgip.1993.1001

. Okada, ? An approach to MPEG- 4 multi mode coding using sprite coding. ? International Picture Coding Symposium [Osher et al. 88] Osher (S.) et Sethian (J.). ? Fronts propagating with curvaturedependent speed : algorithms based on hamilton-jacobi formulation [Otterloo 91] Otterloo (P.J. Van). ? A Contour-Oriented Approach for shape Analysis, Paragios 00] Paragios (N. K.). ? Geodesic Active Regions and Level Set Methods : Contribution and Applications in Artificial Vision, pp.421-42412, 1988.

. Paragios, 98] Paragios (N.) et Deriche (R.). ? Geodesic Active Regions for Texture Segmentation, 1998.

. Pardàs, Salembier (P.), marqués (F.) et Morros (R.). ? Partition tree for a segmentation-based video coding system, International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, pp.1982-1985, 1996.

. Parker, Three-dimensional video segmentation using a variational method, Proceedings 2001 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.01CH37205), 2001.
DOI : 10.1109/ICIP.2001.958606

. Bibliographie, ? Spatial segmentation of color images according to the MDL formalism, International conference on Color in Graphics and Image Processing, pp.89-93, 2000.

. Pateux, ? Calcul de carte de segmentation pour le codage vidéò a très bas-débit. ? Actes des journées CORESA'98, pp.125-131, 1998.

. Pateux, ? Object mosaicking via meshes and crack-lines technique. application to low bit-rate video coding. ? Picture Coding Symposium, PCS, 2001.

. Perez, ? Semantic video object extraction based on backward tracking of multivalued watershed, International Conference on Image Processing, pp.145-149, 1999.

. Porikli, ? An unsupervised multi-resolution object extraction algorithm using video-cube, International Conference on Image Processing, 2001.

. Salembier, Region-based video coding using mathematical morphology, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.83, issue.6, pp.843-857, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/5.387088

. Salembier, ? Video Coding: The second generation approach, chap. Coding of Partition Sequences ? Segmentation-based video coding system allowing the manipulation of objects, Marqués (F.) et Gasull (A)Salembier et al. 97] Salembier (P.), Marqués (F.), Pardàs (M.), Morros IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology Wiegand (T.) et Schwarz (H.). ? The emerging H.264/AVC standard. ? EBU Technical Review -European Broadcasting, pp.125-169, 1996.

. Secker, Motion-compensated highly scalable video compression using an adaptive 3D wavelet transform based on lifting, Proceedings 2001 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.01CH37205), pp.1029-1032, 2001.
DOI : 10.1109/ICIP.2001.958672

. Shi, ? Motion segmentation and tracking using normalized cuts, IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp.1151-1160, 1998.

. Shoham, Efficient bit allocation for an arbitrary set of quantizers (speech coding), IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol.36, issue.9, pp.1445-1453, 1989.
DOI : 10.1109/29.90373

. Taubman, ? Multirate 3-D subband coding of video ? Elastically deformable model, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, pp.572-588205, 1987.

. Torres, Kunt (M.) et Pereira (F.). ? Second generation video coding schemes and their role in MPEG-4, European Conference on Multimedia