). Voie-n°3, diyl)bisphosphonatede tétraéthyle 70 -Synthèse du 5,5-bisdiéthoxy phosphoryl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxyde (DPBO), Via la synthèse en une étape de

.. Piégeage-du-radical-hydroxyle, 162 3.2.1.3. Piégeage du radical méthyle et du radical CO 2, DIHYDRO-2H-PYRROLE-1-OXYDE (DEPMPO-PH) 6

.. Piégeage-du-radical-hydroxyle, Conclusion sur les différentes études portant sur les nitroxydes 70NO, pp.73-90

R. P. Bird and H. H. Draper, [35] Comparative studies on different methods of malonaldehyde determination, Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, pp.299-305, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05038-2

M. L. Hess and N. H. Manson, Molecular oxygen: Friend and foe*The role of the oxygen free radical system in the calcium paradox, the oxygen paradox and ischemia/reperfusion injury, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, vol.16, issue.11, pp.969-985, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-2828(84)80011-5

B. H. Bielski, D. E. Cabell, and R. L. Arudi, Radicals in Aqueous Solution, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, vol.14, issue.4, pp.1041-1100, 1985.
DOI : 10.1063/1.555739

E. O. Titus, A Molecular Biologic Approach to Cardiac Toxicology, Adv. Exp. med. Biol, vol.161, pp.509-518, 1983.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4684-4472-8_30

R. C. Kukreja and M. L. Hess, Free radicals, cardiovascular dysfunction and protection strategies, Landes Company: Austin, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0891-5849(94)90084-1

R. Ferrari, C. Ceconi, S. Curello, C. Guarnieri, C. M. Caldarera et al., Oxygen-mediated myocardial damage during ischameia and reperfusion: Role of the cellular defences against oxygen toxicity, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, vol.17, issue.10, pp.937-945, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-2828(85)80074-2

G. W. Burton and K. Ingold, beta-Carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant, Science, vol.224, issue.4649, pp.569-573, 1984.
DOI : 10.1126/science.6710156

J. Pelmont and . Enzymes, Catalyseurs du monde vivant; Presses universitaires de Grenoble: Grenoble, 1995.

D. P. Jones, In Oxidative Stress; H. Sies, pp.151-195, 1985.

B. Halliwell, Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease, Annual Review of Nutrition, vol.16, issue.1, pp.33-50, 1996.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.nu.16.070196.000341

R. A. Jacob, The integrated antioxidant system, Nutrition Research, vol.15, issue.5, pp.755-766, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0271-5317(95)00041-G

E. D. Wills, Oxidative Stress; H. Sies, pp.197-218, 1985.

C. J. Dillard and A. L. Tappel, [41] Fluorescent damage products of lipid peroxidation, Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, pp.337-341, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05044-8

G. M. Rosen, E. Finkelstein, and E. Rauckman, A method for the detection of superoxide in biological systems, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.215, issue.2, pp.367-378, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90097-2

D. P. Clifford and J. Repine, [51] Measurement of oxidizing radicals by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, pp.393-398, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05054-0

A. I. Cederbaum and G. Cohen, [68] Microsomal oxidant radical production and ethanol oxidation, Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, pp.516-522, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05071-0

J. Towell and B. Kalyanaraman, Detection of radical adducts of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide by the combined use of high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and electron spin resonance, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.196, issue.1, pp.111-119, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90126-E

T. Slater, [33] Overview of methods used for detecting lipid peroxidation, Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, issue.56, pp.283-293, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05036-9

W. A. Pryor and L. Castle, [34] Chemical methods for the detection of lipid hydroperoxides, Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, pp.293-299, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05037-0

D. Griller and K. U. Ingold, Persistent carbon-centered radicals, Accounts of Chemical Research, vol.9, issue.1, pp.13-19, 1976.
DOI : 10.1021/ar50097a003

M. J. Perkins, Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, pp.1-64, 1980.

D. F. Bowman, T. Gillan, and K. U. Ingold, Kinetic applications of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. III. Self-reactions of dialkyl nitroxide radicals, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.93, issue.24, pp.6555-6561, 1971.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00753a038

H. G. Viehe, Z. Janousek, R. Merenyi, and L. Stella, The captodative effect, Accounts of Chemical Research, vol.18, issue.5, pp.148-154, 1985.
DOI : 10.1021/ar00113a004

J. K. Kochi, Advances In Free Radicals Chemistry, pp.189-317, 1975.

D. E. Wood, R. V. Lloyd, and W. A. Lathan, Electron paramagnetic resonance of free radicals in an adamantane matrix. III. Isocyanatoalkyl and isothiocyanatoalkyl radicals, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.93, issue.17, pp.4145-4148, 1971.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00746a008

R. O. Norman, Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Free Radicals and Their Reactions in Aqueous Solution; Special publication of the Chemical Society, pp.117-145, 1970.

E. G. Janzen, Studies on the Origin of the Hydroxyl Spin Adduct of DMPO Produced from the Stimulation of Neutrophils by Phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate, Free Radical Research Communications, vol.81, issue.2, pp.115-154, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80116-1

E. Finkelstein, G. M. Rosen, and E. J. Rauckman, Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radical: Practical aspects, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.200, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-9861(80)90323-9

G. R. Buettner and L. W. Oberley, Considerations in the spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radical in aqueous systems using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.83, issue.1, pp.69-74, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(78)90398-4

S. Pou, D. J. Hassett, B. E. Britigan, M. S. Cohen, and G. M. Rosen, Problems associated with spin trapping oxygen-centered free radicals in biological systems, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.177, issue.1, pp.1-6, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(89)90002-X

G. R. Buettner and R. P. Mason, [9] Spin-trapping methods for detecting superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in vitro and in vivo, Methods in Enzymology, vol.186, pp.127-133, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0076-6879(90)86101-Z

M. J. Davies and . Biochimi, Detection of peroxyl and alkoyl radicals produced by reaction of hydroperoxides with heme-proteins by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, vol.964, issue.1, pp.28-35, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4165(88)90063-3

J. M. Gutteridge, A. P. Beard, and G. Quinlan, Superoxide-dependent lipid peroxidation. Problems with the use of catalase as a specific probe for fenton-derived hydroxyl radicals, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.117, issue.3, pp.901-907, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(83)91681-9

L. S. Hegedus, Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, pp.551-569, 1991.

K. E. Harding and T. H. Tiner, Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, 1991.

D. R. Williams, M. H. Osterhout, and J. M. Mcgill, Intramolecular Cyclizations from N-alkoxyamines. Formation of Dialkylsubstituted pyrrolidines and piperidines, Tetrahedron Letters, vol.30, issue.11, pp.1327-1330, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)99456-5

R. Engel, H. A. Brandmann, and R. T. Conley, Synthesis of carbon-phosphorus bonds, N. Chem. Abs. J. Org. Chem, vol.97, issue.38, pp.72582-72619, 1973.

P. Stipa, Résultats non publiés (39) Coutrot, P.; Snoussi, M.; Savignac, P. Synthesis, pp.133-134, 1978.

H. Gilman and M. Speeter, The Reformatsky Reaction with Benzalaniline, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.65, issue.11, pp.2255-2256, 1943.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01251a503

V. W. Floutz, J. Curé, M. C. Gaudemar, and . Acad, The Reaction of Chloral with Cyclohexylmagnesium Bromide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.65, issue.11, pp.2255-2301, 1943.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01251a502

M. J. Tomaszewski and J. Warkentin, Rate constants for aryl radical cyclization to aldimines: synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinolines by fast 6-endo closures to carbon, Tetrahedron Letters, vol.33, issue.16, pp.2123-2126, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-4039(92)88156-Y

J. M. Varlet, N. Collignon, and P. Savignac, Animation reductrice des ??-cetophosphonates: preparation d'acides aminoalkylphosphoniques, Tetrahedron, vol.37, issue.21, pp.3713-3721, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)98903-3

K. E. Gilbert and W. T. Borden, Peracid oxidation of aliphatic amines: general synthesis of nitroalkanes, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.44, issue.4, pp.659-661, 1979.
DOI : 10.1021/jo01318a050

H. Shechter, D. E. Ley, and L. Zeldin, Addition Reactions of Nitroalkanes with Acrolein and Methyl Vinyl Ketone. Selective Reduction of Nitrocarbonyl Compounds to Nitrocarbinols, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.74, issue.14, pp.3664-3668, 1952.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01134a058

R. C. Cookson and P. S. Ray, A new synthesis of macrocyclic keto-lactones via ring expansion of 2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-nitrocycloalkanones, Tetrahedron Letters, vol.23, issue.34, pp.3521-3524, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)87658-3

G. A. Russell, M. Makosza, and J. Hershberger, Reactions of resonance stabilized anions. 34. Synthesis of nitrocyclopropanes by cyclization of .gamma.-chloro-.gamma.-nitro carboxylic esters and derivatives, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.44, issue.8, pp.1195-1199, 1979.
DOI : 10.1021/jo01322a001

N. Ono, A. Kamimura, H. Miyake, I. Hamamoto, and A. Kaji, New synthetic methods. Conjugate addition of alkyl groups to electron deficient olefins with nitroalkanes as alkyl anion equivalents, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.50, issue.20, pp.3692-3698, 1985.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00220a003

K. Tanaka, H. Iwabuchi, and H. Sawanishi, Synthesis of homochiral 4-amino-4-carboxy-2-phosphonomethylpyrrolidines via a diastereoselective bucherer-bergs reaction of 4-oxopyrrolidine derivative: Novel conformationally restricted AP 5 analogues, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, vol.6, issue.9, pp.2271-2279, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00302-6

M. A. Ciufolini and G. O. Spencer, Preparation of activated imines and their condensation with allylstannanes: stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.54, issue.20, pp.4739-4741, 1989.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00281a008

J. L. Moutou, M. Schmitt, C. G. Wermuth, and J. J. Bourguignon, TMSO-triflate-assisted addition of enols to heteroaromatic imines or hydroxyaminal intermediates, Tetrahedron Letters, vol.35, issue.37, pp.6883-6886, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-4039(94)85031-3

G. E. Hawkes, K. Herwig, and J. D. Roberts, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Use of carbon-13 spectra to establish configurations of oximes, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.39, issue.8, pp.1017-1028, 1974.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00922a001

M. I. Vinnik and N. G. Zarakhani, KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE BECKMANN REARRANGEMENT OF ALICYCLIC KETOXIMES UNDER THE CATALYTIC ACTION OF SULPHURIC ACID AND OLEUM, Russian Chemical Reviews, vol.36, issue.1, pp.51-64, 1967.
DOI : 10.1070/RC1967v036n01ABEH001583

M. Cunningham, L. S. Ng-lim, and G. Just, Photochemistry of Oximes III. The Photochemical Beckmann Rearrangement, Canadian Journal of Chemistry, vol.49, issue.17, pp.2891-2896, 1971.
DOI : 10.1139/v71-479

G. R. Buettner and L. W. Oberley, Considerations in the spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radical in aqueous systems using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.83, issue.1, pp.69-74, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(78)90398-4

M. J. Perkins, Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, pp.1-64, 1980.

F. Vila, M. Boyer, G. Gronchi, Y. Duccini, and O. Santero, Pentamethoxynitrosobenzene: (MeO)5phNO. A useful new spin-trapping agent, Tetrahedron Letters, vol.25, issue.21, pp.2215-2218, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)80214-8

V. Cerri, C. Frejaville, F. Vila, A. Allouche, G. Gronchi et al., Synthesis, redox behavior and spin-trap properties of 2,6-di-tert-butylnitrosobenzene (DTBN), The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.54, issue.6, pp.1447-1450, 1989.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00267a041

J. A. Wargon and F. Williams, Electron spin resonance studies of radical trapping in the radiolysis of organic liquids. I. Evidence for the primary formation of the methoxy radical in methanol, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.94, issue.22, pp.7917-7918, 1972.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00777a040

M. S. Paller, J. R. Hoidal, and T. F. Ferris, Oxygen free radicals in ischemic acute renal failure in the rat., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.74, issue.4, pp.1156-1164, 1984.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI111524

E. G. Janzen and B. J. Blackburn, Detection and identification of short-lived free radicals by an electron spin resonance trapping technique, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.90, issue.21, pp.5909-5910, 1968.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01023a051

E. G. Janzen and B. J. Blackburn, Detection and identification of short-lived free radicals by electron spin resonance trapping techniques (spin trapping). Photolysis of organolead, -tin, and -mercury compounds, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.91, issue.16, pp.4481-4490, 1969.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01044a028

K. B. Torsell, Nitrile Oxides, Nitrones, and Nitronates in Organic Synthesis. Novel Strategies in Synthesis, 1988.

I. Turner, M. J. Rosen, and G. M. , Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with substituted pyrroline 1-oxides, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.29, issue.12, pp.2439-2444, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/jm00162a004

E. G. Janzen, M. S. West, Y. Kotake, and C. M. Dubose, Biological spin trapping methodology. III. Octanol-water partition coefficients of spin-trapping compounds, Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods, vol.32, issue.3, pp.183-190, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-022X(96)00008-5

E. G. Janzen and Y. Zhang, Identification of Reactive Free Radicals with a New 31P-Labeled DMPO Spin Trap, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.60, issue.17, pp.5441-5445, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00122a022

G. R. Buettner, Spin Trapping: ESR parameters of spin adducts 1474 1528V, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol.3, issue.4, pp.259-303, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/S0891-5849(87)80033-3

V. Misik, N. Miyoshi, and P. Riesz, EPR Spin-Trapping Study of the Sonolysis of H2O/D2O Mixtures: Probing the Temperatures of Cavitation Regions, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.99, issue.11, pp.3605-3611, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/j100011a030

Y. Miura, J. Ueda, and T. Ozawa, Formation of the DMPO-OH adduct from Ti(IV) and DMPO in aqueous solution ??? the first ESR evidence, Inorganica Chimica Acta, vol.234, issue.1-2, pp.169-171, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04468-O

E. G. Janzen, Y. Zhang, and M. Arimura, Synthesis and Spin-Trapping Chemistry of 5,5-Dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1-pyrroline N-Oxide, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.60, issue.17, pp.5434-5440, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00122a021

E. G. Janzen, Y. Zhang, and D. L. Haire, New 2-substituted pyrroline-N-oxides: An EPR solvent study of the radical spin adducts, Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, vol.54, issue.12, pp.711-720, 1994.
DOI : 10.1002/mrc.1260321203

N. Sankuratri, Y. Kotake, and E. G. Janzen, Studies on the stability of oxygen radical spin adducts of a new spin trap: 5-methyl-5-phenylpyrroline-1-oxide (MPPO), Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol.21, issue.6, pp.889-894, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0891-5849(96)00232-8

I. Yamazaki and L. H. Piette, EPR spin-trapping study on the oxidizing species formed in the reaction of the ferrous ion with hydrogen peroxide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.113, issue.20, pp.7588-7593, 1991.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00020a021

G. M. Rosen and E. Rauckman, [23] Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, J. Methods in Enzymology, vol.105, pp.198-209, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05026-6

B. H. Bielski, D. E. Cabell, and R. L. Arudi, Radicals in Aqueous Solution, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, vol.14, issue.4, pp.1041-1100, 1985.
DOI : 10.1063/1.555739

G. M. Rosen, E. Finkelstein, and E. Rauckman, A method for the detection of superoxide in biological systems, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.215, issue.2, pp.367-378, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90097-2

J. Towell and B. Kalyanaraman, Detection of radical adducts of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide by the combined use of high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and electron spin resonance, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.196, issue.1, pp.111-119, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90126-E

E. Finkelstein, G. M. Rosen, and E. J. Rauckman, Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radical: Practical aspects, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.200, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-9861(80)90323-9

S. Pou, D. J. Hassett, B. E. Britigan, M. S. Cohen, and G. M. Rosen, Problems associated with spin trapping oxygen-centered free radicals in biological systems, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.177, issue.1, pp.1-6, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(89)90002-X

G. R. Buettner and R. P. Mason, [9] Spin-trapping methods for detecting superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in vitro and in vivo, Methods in Enzymology, vol.186, pp.127-133, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0076-6879(90)86101-Z

M. J. Davies and . Biochimi, Detection of peroxyl and alkoyl radicals produced by reaction of hydroperoxides with heme-proteins by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, vol.964, issue.1, pp.28-35, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4165(88)90063-3

E. Finkelstein, G. M. Rosen, and E. J. Rauckman, Spin trapping. Kinetics of the reaction of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with nitrones, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.102, issue.15, pp.4994-4999, 1980.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00535a029

K. Makino, A. Hagi, H. Ide, and A. Murakami, -oxide in Fenton systems. Characterization of key precursors giving rise to background ESR signals, Canadian Journal of Chemistry, vol.70, issue.11, pp.2818-2827, 1992.
DOI : 10.1139/v92-358

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00932021

E. G. Janzen, G. A. Coulter, U. M. Oehler, and J. P. Bergsma, Solvent effects on the nitrogen and β-hydrogen hyperfine splitting constants of aminoxyl radicals obtained in spin trapping experiments, Canadian Journal of Chemistry, vol.60, issue.21, pp.2725-2733, 1982.
DOI : 10.1139/v82-392

W. Chamulitrat, H. Iwahashi, D. J. Kelman, and R. P. Mason, Evidence against the 1:2:2:1 quartet DMPO spectrum as the radical adduct of the lipid alkoxyl radical, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.296, issue.2, pp.645-649, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90621-3

F. P. Sargent and E. M. Gardy, Spin trapping of radicals formed during radiolysis of aqueous solutions. Direct electron spin resonance observations, Canadian Journal of Chemistry, vol.54, issue.2, pp.275-279, 1976.
DOI : 10.1139/v76-041

H. Karoui, Synthèse d'une nouvelle nitrone phosphorylée: la 5-diéthoxyphosphoryl-5- méthyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO) Applications au piégeage in vitro et in vivo des radicaux libres centrés sur l'oxygène, Thèse de Chimie Organique, 1994.

R. O. Norman, Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Free Radicals and Their Reactions in Aqueous Solution; Special publication of the Chemical Society, pp.117-145, 1970.

B. Halliwell and J. M. Gutteridge, Oxygen radicals and the nervous system, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.8, pp.22-26, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-2236(85)90010-4

D. T. Sawyer and M. J. Gibian, The chemistry of superoxide ion, Tetrahedron, vol.35, issue.12, pp.1471-1481, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-4020(79)80032-0

M. J. Perkins, M. Fontecave, and J. L. Pierre, Radical Chemistry, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr, vol.128, pp.505-520, 1991.

O. Strouf and P. Stopka, ESR Spin Trapping Study of Sodium and Tetramethylammonium Mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborates(2-) and Sodium Tetraborate Aqueous Solutions Irradiated by UV Light at Room Temperature, Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, vol.60, issue.5, pp.851-855, 1995.
DOI : 10.1135/cccc19950851

V. Misik, L. J. Kirschenbaum, and P. Riesz, Free Radical Production by Sonolysis of Aqueous Mixtures of N,N-Dimethylformamide: An EPR Spin Trapping Study, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.99, issue.16, pp.5970-5976, 1995.
DOI : 10.1021/j100016a037

C. Lagercrantz and L. Eberson, Formation of Aminoxyl Radicals in Alkaline Water Solutions from Spin Traps and Short-Lived Radicals Derived from Some CH-Acidic Compounds., Acta Chemica Scandinavica, vol.49, issue.65, pp.399-404, 1995.
DOI : 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.49-0399

M. J. Davies, L. G. Forni, and S. L. Shuter, Electron spin resonance and pulse radiolysis studies on the spin trapping of sulphur-centered radicals, Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol.61, issue.2, pp.177-188, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2797(87)90038-X

D. R. Duling, Simulation of Multiple Isotropic Spin-Trap EPR Spectra, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series B, vol.104, issue.2, pp.105-110, 1994.
DOI : 10.1006/jmrb.1994.1062

A. Rockenbauer and L. Korecz, Automatic computer simulations of ESR spectra, Applied Magnetic Resonance, vol.38, issue.1-3, pp.29-43, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF03163097

R. Lauricella, Résultats non publiés (78) Castellano, S.; Bothner-By, A. Computer Programs for Chemistry, pp.10-39

D. F. Bowman, T. Gillan, and K. U. Ingold, Kinetic applications of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. III. Self-reactions of dialkyl nitroxide radicals, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.93, issue.24, pp.6555-6561, 1971.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00753a038

D. F. Bowman, J. L. Brockenshire, T. Gillan, and K. U. Ingold, Kinetic applications of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. II. Self-reactions of N-alkyl nitroxides and N-phenyl nitroxide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.93, issue.24, pp.6551-6555, 1971.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00753a037

E. G. Janzen, N. Sankuratri, and Y. Kotake, Chiral Spin Traps. The Spin Trapping Chemistry of 5-Methyl-5-phenylpyrroline-N-oxide (MPPO), Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series B, vol.111, issue.3, pp.254-263, 1991.
DOI : 10.1006/jmrb.1996.0091

E. G. Janzen, Y. Zhang, and D. L. Haire, Synthesis of a Novel Nitrone, 2-Phenyl-5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-Oxide (nitronyl-13C), for Enhanced Radical Addend Recognition and Spin Adduct Persistence, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.116, issue.9, pp.3738-3743, 1994.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00088a009

G. M. Burnett, G. G. Cameron, and J. Cameron, Stability constants of some complexes of t-butyl mesityl nitroxide, Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases, vol.69, issue.0, pp.864-870, 1973.
DOI : 10.1039/f19736900864

H. Fleisch, In Handbook of experimental pharmacology, pp.440-466, 1988.

. Mhz, MHz12 MHz MHz), p.40061

2. and 2. Ha, Silicagel 60, 230-400 mesh". Les révélateurs utilisés sont l'éclairage UV et l'acide phosphomolybdique en solution dans l'éthanol, 8H, -O-C H 2 - CH 3 ) ppm, p.69428817

J. , J. , J. =t, and J. , HN-C H 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -C) On laisse sous agitation à température ambiante pendant 21 heures. L'éthanol est évaporé sous pression réduite et le brut repris par 150 ml de dichlorométhane. La phase organique est lavée successivement par une solution aqueuse (20 ml) d'acide chlorhydrique 12 N, une solution aqueuse saturée en NaHCO 3 (20 ml), de l'eau (2 fois 20 ml) et par une solution aqueuse saturée en NaCl (2 fois 20 ml). On sèche sur Na 2 SO 4 et après filtration et reconcentration on obtient 27, p.0

. La-réaction-est-effectuée-dans-le-benzène, Les concentrations sont : [Nitrone] = 10 mM

L. S. Hegedus and J. M. Mckearin, Palladium-catalyzed cyclization of .omega.-olefinic tosamides. Synthesis of nonaromatic nitrogen heterocycles, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.104, issue.9, pp.2444-2449, 1982.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00373a019

J. M. Varlet, N. Collignon, and P. Savignac, Animation reductrice des ??-cetophosphonates: preparation d'acides aminoalkylphosphoniques, Tetrahedron, vol.37, issue.21, pp.3713-3721, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)98903-3

D. L. Haire, J. W. Hilborn, and E. G. Janzen, A more efficient synthesis of DMPO-type (Nitrone) spin traps, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.51, issue.22, pp.4298-4300, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00372a039

G. E. Hawkes, K. Herwig, and J. D. Roberts, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Use of carbon-13 spectra to establish configurations of oximes, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.39, issue.8, pp.1017-1028, 1974.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00922a001

E. C. Taylor and H. M. Davies, Synthesis of fused 1,2-diazetidinones via an intramolecular Horner-Emmons reaction, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.51, issue.9, pp.1537-1540, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00359a029

N. Ono, A. Kamimura, H. Miyake, I. Hamamoto, and A. Kaji, New synthetic methods. Conjugate addition of alkyl groups to electron deficient olefins with nitroalkanes as alkyl anion equivalents, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.50, issue.20, pp.3692-3698, 1985.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00220a003

B. Ackerman, R. M. Chladek, and D. Swern, Trialkyl ??-Phosphonates, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.79, issue.24, pp.6524-6526, 1957.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01581a044

E. G. Janzen, Y. Zhang, and D. L. Haire, New 2-substituted pyrroline-N-oxides: An EPR solvent study of the radical spin adducts, Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, vol.54, issue.12, pp.711-720, 1994.
DOI : 10.1002/mrc.1260321203

E. G. Janzen, Y. Zhang, and D. L. Haire, Synthesis of a Novel Nitrone, 2-Phenyl-5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-Oxide (nitronyl-13C), for Enhanced Radical Addend Recognition and Spin Adduct Persistence, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.116, issue.9, pp.3738-3743, 1994.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00088a009

B. S. Furniss, A. J. Hannaford, V. Rogers, P. W. Smith, and A. R. Tatchell, In Vogel's Textbook of pratical organic chemistry, pp.815-816, 1978.

M. Sawamura and H. Hamashima, Asymmetric Michael reaction of ??-cyano carboxylates catalyzed by a rhodium complex with trans-chelating chiral diphosphine PhTRAP, Tetrahedron, vol.50, issue.15, pp.4439-4454, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)89377-7

J. F. Keana and S. Pou, Synthesis and properties of some nitroxide .alpha.-carboxylate salts, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.54, issue.10, pp.2417-2420, 1989.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00271a033

H. Karoui, Synthèse d'une nouvelle nitrone phosphorylée: la 5-diéthoxyphosphoryl-5- méthyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO) Applications au piégeage in vitro et in vivo des radicaux libres centrés sur l'oxygène, Thèse de Chimie Organique, 1994.

S. Grimaldi, Nitroxyde ?-phosphorylés -Application a la polymérisation, Thèse de Chimie Organique, 1997.

N. Et-de-la and .. , Sources de production in vivo du radical anion superoxyde : rôle de la xanthine oxydase (XO), p.20

E. Vitamine, 26 ?. ?-Carotène 40, p.27

.. Protection-de-la-fonction-amine, 53 ? Protection sous forme de carbamate54 * Sous forme de carbamate de méthyle, p.56

.. Amido-mercuration, 59 f. Création d'une liaison carbone-phosphore à partir d'un halogénure, Cyclisation induite par les ions mercurinium, p.59

I. Réaction-sur, Via la réduction d'un groupement nitro (Voie n°3), p.64

L. Synthèse-de, 70 ? Préparation d'un groupement libérable (Schéma 2-47), p.70

N. Synthèse-du, -iodométhyl-2-méthyltétraméthylène)carbamate de benzyle 21, p.71

.. Synthèse-de-la-phénylvinylcétone-138, 111 ? Passage par une dicétolactone, p.111

.. Synthèse-de-la-phénylvinylcétone-138, 120 ? Méthode A (condition douce), p.121

?. Stabilité and D. , 145 * la PBN et ses homologues, p.145

E. Logiciels and .. Ring-du-pr, Antal Rockenbauer 75, p.157

R. Superoxyde, . Hydroxyle, D. Radicaux, and S. R. Depmpo-laboratoire, Discipline Chimie Organique Mots-Clés : Nitrone, Phosphore, Spin-Trapping, p.521